埃及风俗课件

第九组组长：成员:EgyptContent

Introduction

CustomsEtiquettesNegotiationsTaboos1、IntroductionEgypt,

knownastheArabia

RepublicofegyptEgyptislocatedin

eastern

NorthAfrica,

theterritoryalsoincludesthe

Suez

canaltotheeast

end

ofSinaiPeninsula,

southwestasia.Landtransportation

hub

埃及，全称为阿拉伯埃及共和国。埃及位于北非东部，领土还包括苏伊士运河以东、亚洲西南端的西奈半岛。Introduction(续)MainnationalistheArads主要民族：阿拉伯人MainreligionisIslam

主要宗教：伊斯兰教NationalflagNationalemblemNationalflower-

waterlily(睡莲)Nationalanimal-catEgyptisa

Africa

power,

is

thethirdlargesteconomyin

Africa.

Egypt

hasalotof

famousPyramid

placesofhistoricinterestandscenicbeauty,

forexample,

thevalleyofthekings.埃及是一个非洲的强国，是非洲第三大经济体。埃及境内拥有很多的名胜古迹，例如国际知名的金字塔,开罗塔。Egyptianpyramids(Pyramids)isthepharaohsofancientEgypt(theking)andQueen‘stomb.TheEgyptianpyramidsbuiltin2600BCyearsago,atotalofmorethan70seats,mostlyinthedesertsouthwestofCairoGizaPlateau,isoneoftheworldrecognized“ancienteighthwonderoftheworld”.埃及金字塔是古埃及法老（即国王）和王后的陵墓。埃及金字塔始建于公元前2600年以前，共有七十多座，大部分位于开罗西南部的萨吉萨高原的沙漠中，是世界公认的“古代世界八大奇迹”之一。TheEgyptianMuseuminCairo‘sTahrirsquare,isarelicofthehousewithalonghistoryofover3000yearsofancientEgyptiancivilization

埃及博物馆位于埃及首都开罗的解放广场，是一座具有3000多年悠久历史的古代埃及文明的遗物宝库CairotowerislocatedintheNileRiverinthebarontheislandofMalik,afterthesymbolofEgyptbuilt--lotus开罗塔坐落在尼罗河中的扎马利克岛上，仿照埃及的象征物——莲花所建TheSaharadesert

撒哈拉沙漠Nile尼罗河

2、CustomsReligiouscustoms(宗教习俗)Cateringcustoms（饮食习俗）Marriagecustoms（婚嫁习俗）Thefuneralcustoms(丧葬习俗)lifestyle(生活习惯)

ReligiouscustomsEveryFridayisatraditionalEgyptian"prayertotheir",whenthemosquecamemelodioussoundcalledtheritual,theislamistsareflockingtoanearbymosquetomakeacollectiveworship.Therearealargenumberofchristiansstillreligiouslyabidesbythecanonfivetimesaweek:morningritual,ringceremony,feed,faint,flaring.Everyreligiousday,therewereshowedthefootageofthePresidentandheadofgovernmentmakeaworshiptothemosqueonTV.

每逢周五是埃及人传统的“主麻日聚礼”，当清真寺内传出悠扬的唤礼声，伊斯兰教徒便纷纷涌向附近的清真寺，做集体礼拜。为数众多的教徒仍然虔诚地信守每日5次礼拜的教规：即晨礼、响礼、哺礼、昏礼、宵礼。每逢宗教节日，电视还播放总统及政府首脑去清真寺礼拜的镜头。CateringcustomsEgyptiansliketoeatsweetfoods,richfamilymealsorformalmealonthelastdishissweet.Famoussweets"kunafah"and“gatayif"."Mallowsoup",“jisiken”wasthebestfoodinEgyptiansdailylife.“Gamaierting"isanessentialfoodfortheEgyptiansinRamadan."Bean"isoneoftheessentialfood.Therearemanymanufacturingmethodsofbean,andalsoitwillbemadeintovariousfoods.Forexample,Cutoffbeans,Friedbeancake,Stewedbeans,Stir-friedbeansandRawgreenbeans,etc

埃及人喜吃甜食，正式宴会或富有家庭正餐的最后一道菜都是上甜食。著名甜食有“库纳法”和“盖塔伊夫”。“锦葵汤”、“基食颗”是埃及人日常生活中的最佳食品。“盖麦尔丁”是埃及人在斋月里的必备食品。“蚕豆”是必不可少的一种食品。其制造方法多种多样，制成的食品也花样百出。例如，切烂蚕豆、油炸蚕豆饼、炖蚕豆、干炒蚕豆和生吃青蚕豆等Egyptiansstaplefoodis“lesousfood”,theyofteneatitwith“darfur”(cookedbeans),“kebunai”(whitecheese),"thecheesegea"(soup).Thelesousfoodisacircularbreadwithoutfrement(发酵)

.Theylikeeatingmutton,chicken,duck,eggs,andpeas,onion,pumpkin,eggplant,carrot,potatoandsoon.Theypursuelight,sweet,fragrant(香)andnotgreasyonthetasty.Bakecompletesheep(烤全羊)isadelicacieswhentheyreceiveguests.ItisworthmentioningthatmanyegyptiansalsolovetoeatChinesesichuandishes.埃及人通常以“耶素”为主食，进餐时与“富尔”（煮豆）、“克布奈”（白乳酪）、“摩酪赫亚”（汤类）一并食用。耶素即为不用酵母的平圆形埃及面包，他们喜食羊肉、鸡、鸭、鸡蛋以及豌豆、洋葱、南瓜、茄子、胡萝卜、土豆等。在口味上，一般要求清淡、甜、香、不油腻。串烤全羊是他们的待客佳肴。值得一提的是，很多埃及人还特别爱吃中国川莱。Marriagecustoms（婚嫁习俗）ThesametoChina.

和中国相同，先提亲后商议陪嫁款项而后在德高望重的人的主持下结婚.Thefuneralcustoms(丧葬习俗)ThereisacityofthedeadinCairo,Egyptiansbuildalivinghouse,itisusedwhentheydied.WhentheimportantfestivalsofIslamarearoundthecorner,therelativesofthedeadwillbeheretomournthedead.在开罗有一座死者之城，埃及人活着的时候就为自己建立死后居住的房子，每逢伊斯兰教重大节日，死者的亲友就会来此悼念死者。lifestyle(生活习惯)Egyptianslovegreenandwhite.Theythinkgreenrepresentsluckyandwhiterepresentshappiness.埃及人都厚爱绿色和白色。把绿色喻为吉祥之色，把白色视为“快乐”之色。Egyptiansgenerallyprefernumber"5"and"7".Theythinkthatthenumber"5"willbring"goodluck","7"isareveredfullnumbers.埃及人都比较喜欢“5”和“7”数。认为“5”数会给人们带来“吉祥”，认为“7”数是个受人崇敬的完整数字。Theegyptians,whoseegreenonionasasignoftruth.他们有把葱视为真理的标志。Theylovedthecrane.Theythoughtcraneisaluckybird.Itisbeautifulandshowily,anditisasymbolofhappinessandlongevity.他们非常喜爱仙鹤。认为仙鹤是一种吉祥鸟。它美丽又华贵，象征着喜庆和长寿。Egyptianslovecats,worshipcatssuchasgod,andsawthecatastheholyspirit(精灵).Intheeyesoftheegyptians,thecatasaluckymascotisthesymbolofthegoddessinhuman,itisarespectablebeast.埃及人宠猫、敬猫如神，并视猫为神圣的精灵。在埃及人的心目中，猫是女神在人间的象征，是幸运的吉祥物，是受人崇敬的国兽。3、NegotiationetiquettesSocialetiquettes(社交礼仪)Dressetiquettes（服饰礼仪）

Socialetiquettes(社交礼仪)Ininterpersonalcommunication,themeetingetiquetteusedbytheegyptiansmainlyisthehandshakeritual,themostimportantispayattentiontoavoidusehislefthand.在人际交往中，埃及人所采用的见面礼仪，主要是握手礼，最重要的是忌用左手。Socialetiquettes(社交礼仪)-续Egyptiansusedhugorkisstheminsomeoccasions.Kissface,itisusedforrelativesandfriends,especiallyamongwomen.Kisshand,itisusedforrespecteldersorappreciatebenefactor.

Flykissisusedforlovers埃及人在某些场合还会用拥抱礼或亲吻礼。一是吻面礼，用于亲友之间，尤其是女性之间。二是吻手礼，向尊长表示敬意或是向恩人致谢。三是飞吻礼，多用于情侣之间。Socialetiquettes(社交礼仪)-续Whengreetingforsomebody,youngpeopleshouldbegreetedelders,inalowpositionpersonshouldbegreetedsomeonewhohavethemosthighposition,thepacersshouldbegreetedtheriders,apersonmustbegreetedmostpeople.在打招呼或问候时，年轻者要首先问候年长者，位低者要首先问候位高者，步行者要首先问候骑乘者，一个人要首先问候多数人。Socialetiquettes(社交礼仪)-续Insocialactivities,notonlytheegyptiansperformedthemeetingetiquette,butalsoshouldtheybegreetedeachother."Iwishyouwell","godblessyou","goodmorning","goodevening",andsoon,arepopulargreetingsforthem.埃及人在社交活动中，跟交往对象行过见面礼节后，往往要双方互致问候。“祝你平安”，“真主保佑你”，“早上好”，“晚上好”等等，都是他们常用的问候语。Socialetiquettes(社交礼仪)-续TheEgyptiansareveryhospitable,theywillbeveryhappywhenguestscame.WhengotoEgyptianshome,youshouldpayattentiontothefollowingthreepoints:First,youshouldmakeanappointmentinadvance,andyou’dbetterconfirmthatitwillbeconvenientforhost.Itisunfavorabletovisitsomeoneaftersixo’clockintheeveningandRamadan.

Second,asusual,thewomenintheMuslimhomeespeciallythehostessisnotentertainguest,sodonotaskorgreettothem.

Third,nevermakeyourfootsoutwardandnottowardotherswhenyouhaveseated.

埃及人非常好客，贵客临门，会令其十分愉快。去埃及人家里做客时，应注意以下三点：其一，事先要预约，并要以主人方便为宜。通常在晚上六点后以及斋月期间不宜进行拜访。其二，按惯例，穆斯林家里的女性，尤其是女主人是不待客的，故切勿对其打听或问候。其三，就座之后，切勿将足底朝外，更不要朝向对方。

Dressetiquettes（服饰礼仪）

TheEgyptiansespeciallyinpolitics,business,culture,education,military,dressalready

catchupwiththeinternationaltrendsinlargecities.Suit,uniform,dress,jacket,jeanscanbeseeneverywherethestreetsinEgypt.Generallyspeaking,theegyptianswearstillmainlylongclothing,pantsanddress.在大城市中，尤其是在政界、商界、军界、文化界、教育界，埃及人的穿着打扮早已与国际潮流同步。西服、制服、连衣裙、夹克衫、牛仔裤，在埃及的街头巷尾处处可见。从总体上讲，埃及人的穿着依旧主要是长衣、长裤和长裙。

Dressetiquettes(服饰礼仪)-续ThelowerciviliansinthecityofEgypt,especiallythefarmersinthecountrymainlyintheArabnationatordinarytimesthetraditionalclothingoftheArabianrobe.Whileturban,orhood.埃及城市里的下层平民，特别是乡村中的农民，平时主要还是穿着阿拉伯民族的传统服装——阿拉伯大袍。同时还要头缠长巾，或是罩上面纱。4、NegotiationsThecharacteristicsofbusinessnegotiation(商务洽谈的特点)Threenoticeablephrases(三句引人注目的口头禅)Noticeintheoffice(在办公室谈判的注意事项)Noticeinthetable(在餐桌上谈判的注意事项)

Thecharacteristicsofbusinessnegotiation

WhenyouwillvisitanEgyptianforbusinessyoushallbemakeanappointmentinadvance.与埃及人进行商务拜访应事先约好。ItoftenneedsalongtimetodobusinesswithEgyptians.与埃及人洽谈生意往往需要很长的时间。TalkaboutbusinesswithEgyptcustomers,itisdifficulttosuccessoncetime.与埃及客户谈生意，要想一次谈成很难.Thecharacteristicsofbusinessnegotiation(续)BecauseEgyptianbusinessmanwereweakintheconceptoftime,theyoftendon’tactinaccordancewiththeagreedtime.Theythinkitgraciously(有风度的),sowedon'trevealfedupaboutit.Forthis,wemusthavepatience.Ontheotherhand,theymainlywanttoknowmoreaboutoursituation.因为埃及商人时间观念淡薄，常常不依照约定时间行事，他们认为这样反而显得有风度，我们对此不要流露出不满。对此，我们一定要有耐心。另一方面，他们主要是想多了解一些我们的情况。

Threenoticeablephrases

NoproblemTipHavenothingtodowithme

Noticeintheoffice

Payattentiontoshakehandswithpeopleatpresentinturn.注意与在场的人轮流握手。Payattentioncallthemwiththeirtitle.注意用头衔称呼对方。Payattentiontocbusinesscard,printedtoyourfullnameandtheAraarrybiclanguageabove.注意随身携带名片，上面要印有自己的全名和阿拉伯语。PraisefamouscottonandancientEgyptiancivilization,avoidtalkingabouttheMiddleEastpoliticalproblems.谈话时多赞美埃及有名的棉花和古老的文明，避免谈论中东政治问题。Noticeintheoffice(续)Don’tpasssomethingwithyoulefthand.不要左手传递东西。Don'tsetupyourlegsandalsodon'tputthesoletoyourbusinesspartner.不要架起二郎腿，更不要把鞋底对着对方。Don’t

smoke,especiallydon’tsmokeinfrontofeldersandauthority.不要抽烟，更不要当着长者和权威者的面点火。Preparesomedrinksinadvance,likecoffee,teaorsodawater.要提供一些喝的东西——咖啡、茶或苏打水。NoticeinthetableAvoidbusinessduringRamadan.Asaspecialcase,youreallyneedtoaskthemtohaveamealordrinkcoffee,tea.Pleasesendinvitationaftersunset.斋戒期间忌谈生意。如情况特殊，确实需要请他们吃饭，喝咖啡饮茶，请等到日落以后再发邀请。Don'ttalktoeachotherwhenyoudiscussbusinessatthetable.Otherwise,itwouldbeconsideredtowastefoodanditisoffensivetogod.在餐桌旁谈生意，不要互相交谈，否则会被认为浪费粮食，是对神的冒犯。Don‘tspitinfrontofEgyptiancustomers.Becausetheythinkthatspittingisthecurseoftheadversary(仇人、敌手).切忌当着埃及客户的面吐唾沫。因为他们认为吐唾沫是对仇人的诅咒举动。Noticeinthetable（续）Don'tyawnorsneezeinfrontoftheEgyptians.Theyhateyawningbecausetheythinkyawningisadevil.Youshouldturnyoufaceandoveryourmouthifreallycan’thelp.Andsay"sorry".通常在埃及人面前尽量不要打哈欠或打喷嚏，如果实在控制不住，应转脸捂嘴。并说声“对不起”。他们讨厌打哈欠，认为哈欠是魔鬼在作祟。Don'tsay“needle”.Theyespeciallytabooneedlesandconsideredtobeaswearword.不要随便说“针