洋酒专业知识讲座

ImportedWines洋酒(importedwines)—是指进口酒类旳总称。Types：白兰地Brandy威士忌Whiskey伏特加Vodka朗姆Rum金酒Gin龙舌兰TequilaBrandy(frombrandywine,derivedfromDutchbrandewijn—“burntwine”)isaspiritproducedbydistilling(蒸馏旳)wine,thewinehavingfirstbeenproducedbyfermenting(发酵)grapes.Brandygenerallycontains35%–60%alcoholbyvolumeandistypicallytakenasanafter-dinnerdrink.Whilesomebrandiesareagedinwoodencasks,mostarecolouredwithcaramel(焦糖)colouringtoimitatetheeffectofsuchaging.Brandycanalsobemadefromfermentedfruit(i.e.,otherthangrapes)andfrompomace.Brandy白兰地品质等级

E-Especial（尤其旳，特级旳）F-Fine（好）V-Very（很好）O-Old（陈年）S-Superior（高级）P-Pale（浅色）X-Extra（特醇）C-Coganc（干邑）V.O.-数年陈醇（23年左右）V.S.O.-高级，远年陈酿（23年左右）V.S.O.P.-高级，远年，浅色陈酿（23年以上）远年特醇（40年以上）著名干邑品牌

Martell（马爹利）Hennessy（轩尼诗）RemyMartin（人头马）Augier（爱之喜）Bisquit（百事吉）Camus（金花）F.O.V（长颈）Hine（御鹿）Louis（路易斯）Otard（奥塔尔）Courvoisier（康福喜）Whisky(ScottishEnglish)orwhiskey(IrishEnglish)isatypeofdistilledalcoholicbeverage(饮料)madefromfermentedgrainmash.Differentgrainsareusedfordifferentvarieties,includingbarley,maltedbarley,rye,maltedrye,wheat,andmaize(corn).Whiskyisagedinwoodencasks,madegenerallyofwhiteoak,exceptthatintheUnitedStatescornwhiskeyneednotbeaged.Whiskyisastrictlyregulatedspiritworldwidewithmanycompetingdenominationsoforiginandmanyclassesandtypes.Theunifyingcharacteristicsofthedifferentclassesandtypesarethefermentationofgrains,distillationtolessthan95%alcohol,andaginginwood.Whisky1、苏格兰威士忌（ScotchWhisky）5-23年80-86proof按原料和酿造措施不同可分为：PureMalt（纯麦威士忌）GrainScotchWhiskyorPatentStillWhisky（谷物威士忌）BlendedScotchWhisky（对和威士忌）名牌有：Glenliret（格兰利非特）ChivasRegal（皇家芝华，骑士王国）HaigDimple（高级海格）JohnnieWulkerBlackLabel（黑方）JohnnieWulkerBlackLabel（红方）RoyalSalute（皇家礼炮）OldParr（老佰威）WhiteHouse（白马）HighlanlPark（高地派克）2、爱尔兰威士忌（IrishWhiskey）8-23年86proof左右名牌：JohnJamesonangSon（约翰·詹姆森父子）JohnPowerandSons（约翰·波威尔父子）OldBushMills（沃特布什米尔斯）TallamoreDew（特拉莫尔露）3、美国威士忌（AmericanWhiskey）2（至少）-4（一般）-8（最多）年份名品：BenchMark（椅马克）AmericanRyeWhiskey（美国黑麦威士忌）FourRoses（四玫瑰）JackDaniel（杰克·丹尼）I.W.Harper（哈帕）WildTurkey（野火鸡）OldGrandDad（老爷爷）4、加拿大威士忌（CanadianWhiskey）名品：Seagram'sCrownRoyal（皇冠）Seagram'sV.O.（特醇）CanadianClub（加拿大俱乐部）CanadianMist（加拿大之雾）Vodka(isadistilledbeverageandoneoftheworld'smostpopularliquors.Itiscomposedprimarilyofwaterandethanolwithtracesofimpuritiesandflavorings.Vodkaismadefromfermentedsubstanceslikegrainandpotatos.Vodka'salcoholiccontentusuallyrangesbetween35-70%byvolume;thestandardPolish,RussianandLithuanianvodkasare40%alcoholbyvolume(80proof).Vodkaistraditionallydrunkneatinthevodkabelt—EasternEurope,BalticStatesandNordiccountries—andelsewhere.Itisalsocommonlyusedincocktailsandmixeddrinks,suchasthebloodyMary,thescrewdriver,thesexonthebeach,theWhiteRussian,thevodkatonic,andthevodkamartini.Vodka伏特加（Vodka）80-100proof名品：Stolichnaya（斯刁利西那亚）BlauerBison（兰牛）Moskovskaya（莫斯科卡亚）Cossack（哥萨克）Smirnoff（斯米诺夫）Finlandis（芬兰地亚）Rumisadistilledalcoholicbeveragemadefromsugarcane(甘蔗)by-productssuchasmolasses(糖浆)andsugarcanejuicebyaprocessoffermentationanddistillation.Thedistillate,aclearliquid,isthenusuallyagedinoakandotherbarrels.RumRumplaysapartinthecultureofmostislandsoftheWestIndies,andhasfamousassociationswiththeRoyalNavy(whereitwasmixedwithwaterorbeertomakegrog)andpiracy(whereitwasconsumedasBumboo).RumhasalsoservedasapopularmediumofexchangethathelpedtopromoteslaveryalongwithprovidingeconomicinstigationforAustralia'sRumRebellionandtheAmericanRevolution.Lightrumsarecommonlyusedincocktails,whereasgoldenanddarkrumsarealsoappropriatefordrinkingstraight,orforcooking.Premiumrumsarealsoavailablethataremadetobeconsumedstraightorwithice.（五）朗姆酒（Rum）40%-75.5%按原料和酿制措施可分为：WhiteRum（朗姆白酒）LightRum（淡朗姆酒）GreatAromaRum（强香朗姆酒）TraditionalRum（老式朗姆酒）OldRum（老朗姆酒）名品：Bacardi（百家地）Myers's（麦而斯）Ronrico（龙里可）CoptainMargan（摩根船长）Ginisaspiritwhosepredominantflavorisderivedfromjuniperberries(Juniperuscommunis).Althoughseveraldifferentstylesofginhaveexistedsinceitsorigins,ginisbroadlydifferentiatedintotwobasiclegalcategories.Distilledginiscraftedinthetraditionalmanner,byre-distillingneutralspiritofagriculturaloriginwithjuniperberriesandotherbotanicals.Compoundginismadebysimplyflavoringneutralspiritwithessencesand/orother'naturalflavorings'withoutre-distillation,andisnotashighlyregarded.Theminimumbottledalcoholicstrengthforginis37.5%ABVintheE.U.,40%ABVintheU.S.Gin金酒（Gin）又称琴酒或杜松子酒1、荷兰金酒（Hollands）不宜作基酒40%左右名品：Bols（波尔斯）Bokma（波克马）Bomsma（邦斯马）Hasekamp（哈瑟坎坡）Henkes（亨克斯）De.Kuper（戴·库帕）2、美国金酒（DryGin）宜作基酒50%左右名品：Beefeater（御林军）Tanqueray（探戈雷）Booth's（博士）Gordon's（戈登斯）Plymouth（普利茅斯）Tequilaisablueagave–basedspiritmadeprimarilyintheareasurroundingthecityofTequila,65

kilometres(40mi)northwestofGuadalajara,andinthehighlands(LosAltos)ofthewesternMexicanstateofJalisco.Theredvolcanicsoilinthesurroundingregionisparticularlywellsuitedtothegrowingoftheblueagave,andmorethan300millionoftheplantsareharvestedthereeachyear.MexicanlawsstateattequilacanbeproducedonlyinthestateofJaliscoandlimitedregionsinthestateso