初中英语-选词填空专项练习教学课件设计

中考题型研究题型四词汇运用鲁教版九年级英语*Whichoneismissing?*Everyday,onherwaytowork,Ameliahadtopassaslum(贫民窟).Asasocialworker,shehadnotpaidmuchattentiontoit.Thischangedonedaywhenshemetaragged(衣衫褴褛的)boynamedSam.Samknewshewastheheadofsocialservices,andthatshecouldhelp.Hereachedouthishandandsaid,“Canyouhelpme?I’mlookingformydad.”Hishandsweresocold.Ameliasaid,“What’sup?”“Mymomisterriblysick.Herbirthdayiscoming.Iknowmyfather’scomingbackwouldbethebestpresent.MydadhadleftusbeforeIwastwoyearsold,”saidtheboy.AmeliawasdeeplymovedandaskedSamtotakehertohishome.Heledhertoasmallhouse.Ameliasawawomanlyingonthebed.Thewomanknewshewasdying.ShesaidtoAmelia,“Pleasefindahomeformyson.”Ameliatookherhandandnoddedwithtears.Shegotanidea!Herhusbandandshehadnochildren,andlookingforwardtohavingone.LaterAmeliabroughtSamhome.Eversincethen,thenewfamilyhavehadhappinessandlaughter.*一、读句子，理解句意，结合方框中所给词的意思找出符合句意的单词。针对此题型，考生可采取以下方法：

*二、分析句子结构，找出句中所缺成分，看该词的词性与句子所缺成分是否吻合。若句子缺少主语，则要考虑选用名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词等。2.若句子缺少谓语，则要考虑选用动词。3.若句子缺少宾语，同样要考虑选用名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词等。4.若句子缺少表语，则要考虑选用名词或形容词。*5.若句子缺少定语，则要考虑选用形容词、名词、代词、动词不定式、分词等。6.若句子缺少状语，则要考虑选用副词、不定式、分词等。7.若句子缺少补语，则要考虑选用名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词等。*三、若词性吻合，再结合实际语境、语法规则及固定搭配确定所填单词的具体形式，得出最终答案。如果该词是名词，且空前为a/an/one等表示单数概念的词，或该句谓语动词为单数形式（is/was），则直接填原形。若空前有many,some,afew等表示复数概念的词，或该句谓语动词为复数形式（are/were），则要填名词的复数形式。*如果该词是动词，则要根据主语的人称、数和

具体的时态、语态判断所填词的正确形式。一般现在时的标志词有：always,often,usually,sometimes,everyweek,onceamonth等，若主语为第一、二人称或第三人称复数，谓语动词用原形；若主语为第三人称单数形式，谓语动词要用单三形式。一般过去时的标志词有：justnow,ago,inthemorning,in1980,yesterday,lastnight等。一般将来时的标志词有：tomorrow,inthefuture,someday,intenminutes,soon,nextweek等。现在进行时的标志词有：*now,atpresent,thesedays,look,listen等。现在完成时的标志词有：yet,justnow,already,recently,lately,sincethen,sofar,for+一段时间，inthepast5years等。过去进行时的标志词：at1∶00lastnight,

atthatmoment,atthistimeyesterday等。如果句子谓语与主语动词之间是动宾关系，则需用被动语态。*若该词为形容词，则要判断用原形还是用比较

等级。形容词比较级的标志词多为than，还有much，even,

alot等。最高级的标志词有the,in,of,among等。4.若该词为副词，同样要判断用原形还是用比较等级。*5.若该词为数词，则要判断用基数词还是序数词。一般（大于1的）基数词后的名词为复数形式，序数词后的名词为单数形式，且序数词前加the。6.对于不定代词、指示代词、介词和连词，若既符合句意，词性又吻合，则可直接填入。*四、若词性不吻合，则要将其转化为正确的形式。1.名词的转化若句子缺少定语，则要将名词转化为形容词。常见的名词变形容词有：Africa→African,truth→true,difference→different,day→daily,beauty→beautiful,music→musical。*2.动词的转化若句子缺少主语、宾语、补语等，则要将动词转

化为名词。常见的动词变名词有：

sing→singer

decide→decision

invent→invention

own→owner。若句子缺少定语，则要将动词转化为形容词。常

见的动词变形容词有：break→brokenhelp→helpfulthank→thankful,

disappoint→disappointed,

rain→rainy。*3.形容词的转化

若句子缺少状语，则要将形容词转化为副词。

常见的形容词变副词有：usual→usually,

careful→carefully

,

slow→slowly,polite→politely

,

simple→simply,

normal→normally,

wonderful

→wonderfully

若句子缺少主语、宾语、补语等，则要将形容

词转化为名词。常见的形容词变名词有：

different→difference，

happy→happiness，

healthy→health,pleasant→pleasure。

*4.人称代词的转化

若句子缺少主语，需用代词的主格形式。若缺

少宾语，则用宾格形式或反身代词。若缺少表，

用名词性物主代词或反身代词。若缺少定语，用

形容词性物主代词。*五、若词性不吻合，则要将其转化为正确的形式。*advantagestodiscussencouragedbravely*advicerelaxedmyselfstudyingclassmates’confidence**DealwithconflictLosingfriendsisaboutaseasyasmakingfriendsifyoudon’tknowhowtodealwithangerandconflict.Conflictispartifeveryone’s__66____.Itwillshowupatschool,atworkandathome.It’sOktofeelangry,annoyedorsad.Thesefeelingsare__67____,butdifferentpeopledealwith___68______indifferentways.Somepeopleshout,callpeoplenames,orevenhitthepersonwhohas__69____them.Othersdotheirbesttokeepawayfromdisagreementsbutveryfewdealwithconflict___70________.Dealingwithconflictisastepbystepprogress._____71______youstartdiscussiongtheproblem,calmdown,countto10andimaginearelaxing___72______.Then,saywhatisreallybotheringyou,butwatchhowyouexpressyourself.Don’tcomplain.Share___73___youfeelbyusing“I“Forexample,don’tsay“Youarealwaysorderingmetodothisortodothat,”but“Ifeelsad___74__youdon’tpayattentiontowhatIthink.Youwantpeopleto____75_____youropinionsomakesureyoupracticewhatyouwanttosay.Listencarefullytotheotherpersonandaccept