2022届高考英语阅读备考（一）

2022届高考英语阅读备考（一）

Threatsthattigersface

号称“森林之王”的老虎如今也生存不易，面临种种威胁。是什么导致这种情

况？

难词探意

1.degrade//v.（使）退化

2.shrink/v.（使）缩小;收缩;减少

3.retaliation/n.报复；反击

4.mangrove/n.红树林植物

5.mitigation/n.减轻;缓解

Insomeareas,tigersarestillincrisisanddeclininginnumber.Hereare

somethreatsthattigersarefacedwith.

Habitatloss

Tigershavelostanestimated95%oftheirhistoricalrange.Theirhabitat

hasbeendestroyed,degraded,andbrokenapartbyhumanactivities.The

clearingofforestsforagricultureandwoods,aswellasthebuildingofroad

networksandotherdevelopmentactivities,poseseriousthreatstotiger

habitats.Tigersneedwideswathes（——长条）ofhabitatfortheirsurvival

sincetheyhavelargehomerangesandareveryterritorial.Fewertigerscan

surviveinsmall,scatteredislandsofhabitat,whichleadstoahigherrisk

ofinbreedingandmakestigersmorevulnerabletopoachingastheyventure

beyondprotectedareastoestablishtheirterritories.

Human?Wildlifeconflict

Peopleandtigersincreasinglycompeteforspace.Asforestsshrinkand

preybecomesscarce,tigersareforcedtoleaveprotectedareasinsearchof

foodandtoestablishterritories.Thistakesthemintohuman?Dominated

areasthatliebetweenhabitatfragments,wheretheycanhuntdomestic

livestockthatmanylocalcommunitiesdependonfortheirlivelihood.In

retaliation,tigersaresometimeskilledorcaptured."Conflict"tigerscanend

upforsaleinblackmarkets.Localcommunitydependenceonforestsforfuel

wood,food,andtimberheightenstheriskoftigerattacksonpeople.

Effectsofclimatechange

Oneoftheworld'slargest,andmostuniquely?Adapted,tiger

populationsarefoundintheSundarbans—alargemangroveforestarea

sharedbyIndiaandBangladeshonthecoastoftheIndianOcean.Itisalso

theonlycoastalmangrovetigerhabitatintheworld.Thesemangroveforests

harboravarietyofspecies,includingtigers,andprotectcoastalregions

fromstormsurgesandwinddamage.However,risingsealevelscausedby

climatechangethreatentowipeouttheseforestsandthelastremaining

habitatofthistigerpopulation.AccordingtoaWWFstudy,without

mitigationefforts,projectedsea?Levelrise—aboutafootby2070—could

destroynearlytheentireSundarbanstigerhabitat.

Tiger"farms"andcaptivetigers

Currentestimatesindicatethattherearebetween7,000and8,000tigers

beingheldinmorethan200centersinEastandSoutheastAsia,with

roughlythree?QuartersofthesetigerslocatedinChina.Thecurrentscaleof

commercialcaptivebreedingeffortswithinthesefarmsisasignificant

obstacletotherecoveryandprotectionofwildtigerpopulations.Itis

estimatedthatnearly5,000tigersresideintheUS,andwemustensurethat

theseanimalsarenotexploitedby,orcontributingto,theillegaltradein

tigersandtheirparts.

ReadingCheck

1.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"pose"inparagraph2?

A.Stand.

B.Cause.

C.Pretend.

D.Impress.

2.Tigershavetoleaveprotectedareasfor.

A.breedingandfreedom

B.freedomandadventures

C.territoriesandbreeding

D.foodandterritories

3.WhatcanweknowabouttheSundarbans?

A.ItbelongstoBangladesh.

B.Itisoneofthecoastalmangrovetigerhabitatsintheworld.

C.Itcanprotectcoastalregionsfromstormandwinddamage.

D.Itwillsoondisappearbecauseofovercuttingfromhumans.

答案

1.B2.D3.C

WhatWWFisdoing世相翻布

保护濒临灭绝的野生动物是世界自然基金会的一项重要工作。那么它的拯救行动有哪

些呢？

难词探意

1.conserve/v.保护

2.restore/v.恢复

3.maintain/v.维持

4.sustain/v.支持;承受;维持

5.steward/v,管理

6.fundamental//adj.基本的;根本的

7.drone/n.无人驾驶飞机

Conservingwildlifeisatheartofourmission.Wefocusonprotectingpopulationsof

someoftheworld'smostecologically,economically,andculturallyimportant

species—thesurvivalofwhicharethreatenedbypoaching,illegaltradeandhabitatloss.

Weusethebestscienceavailabletolinkonthegroundworkwithhigh?Levelpolicy

actiontocreatelastingsolutionsthatbenefitwildanimalsaswellasthepeoplethatlive

alongsidethem.

Doublethenumberoftigers

WWFaimstodoubletheworldswildtigerpopulationby2022.We'reworkingwith

worldleaderstotakeaction,focusingconservationeffortsinkeysites,raisingfundsto

permanentlyprotectlandscapes,andsupportingcommunity?Basedconservation.

Savingtigersisaboutmorethanrestoringasinglespecies.Asalargepredator,tigers

playanimportantroleinmaintainingahealthyecosystem.Everytimeweprotectatiger,

weprotectaround25,000acresofforest—foreststhatsustainwildlifeandlocal

communitiesandsupplypeoplearoundtheworldwithcleanair,water,food,and

products.

Empowerpeopletoprotectwildlife

Overthelastfewdecades,conservationistshavecometounderstandjusthow

centralcommunityinvolvementistowildlifeconservationsuccess—andhowimportantit

isforcommunitiestoactivelystewardthenaturalresourcesaroundthemtoimprove

economicandsocialwell?Being.WWFscommunity?Basedconservationworktoday

reflectsthisfundamentalreality.Weworkacrossavarietyofcommunitiesandcustomize

ourworkbasedonthespecificneedsandinterestsofagivenplace,takinginto

considerationeachregionsparticularsetofconservationassetsandchallenges.

CloseAsia'sivorymarkets

Illegalkillingofelephantsforivorydecimates（大批杀死）globalpopulations.Este?

matesindicatethateachyearpoacherskillcloseto20,000elephants,mostlyfor

theirivories.Overall,weseedemandincreasinginEastAsianandSoutheastAsian

markets.WWFisworkingtoshutdowntheillegalmarketsinthearea.

Stopwildlifecrime

WWFusesourexpertiseinpolicy,wildlifetrade,advocacy,andcommunications

inanefforttostopwildlifecrimeintheUSandaroundtheworld.Athome,weensurethe

USenactstightivorycommercerestrictions.Partnershipswithtechnologycompanies

helpusdevelopinnovativewaystostopwildlifecrimeusingeverythingfromdronesto

infraredcamerasthatcandetectpoachersinthedeadofnight.Tocombatthetradein

illegalwildlifeproductsthroughweb?Basedplatforms,WWFhasteamedupwith

ecommerceandsocialmediacompaniestoadoptastandardizedwildlifepolicy

frameworkforonlinetrade.

ReadingCheck

1.Whyissavingtigersnotonlyaboutrestoringasinglespecies?

2.What'sthemainreasonforpoacherskillingelephants?

3.WhyaredronesandinfraredcamerasusedbyWWF?

答案

1.Becausetigersplayanimportantroleinmaintainingahealthyecosystem.

2.Theykillelephantsfortheirivories.

3.Todetectpoachersinthedeadofnightandstopwildlifecrime.

The"strangestparrotsonearth"arebeingsaved

它们白天睡觉，晚上出来活动，能攀爬却不能飞行。它们被称为“世界上最

蠢萌的鹦鹉”。

难词探意

1.plump/adj.微胖的;饱满的

2.triple/adj.三倍的

3.breed/v.繁殖;饲养

4.snugly/adv.紧贴地

5.pellet/n.小球；小弹丸

6.poach/v.（侵入他人地界）偷猎

It'sasplumpasagoose,hasthefaceofanowlandwaddleslikeaduck.

Itsleepsinthedayandisactiveatnight.Anditcanclimbjustaboutanything

butcan'tflyanywhere.Nowonderpeoplecallthekakaposthestrangest

parrotsonearth.

OncefoundinlargenumbersalloverNewZealand,kakaposhavebeen

ontheedgeofdisappearingformorethanacentury.In1977,trackers

countedjust18kakaposleftintheentirecountryandallofthemweremales.

Thensomethingamazinghappened.Apreviouslyunknownkakapo

populationwasfound.Itincludedthefirstfemalesseeninmorethan60years.

Thisexcitingdiscoverymadethelocalgovernmenthelptheparrotsby

movingthemtothreesmall,predator?Freeislands.

NewZealandisanisolatedislandnationinthesouthwesternPacific

Ocean.Manyofitsplantsandanimals,likethekakapo,arefoundnowhere

else.Protectingthemisamatterofnationalprideaswellasurgency.uAsthe

largesttypeofparrotonearth,theyarequitethesightinperson,“saidWes

SecurestofGlobalWildlifeConservation,whichishelpingthekakapo

recoveryprogram."Theyhaveateddy?Bearqualitywiththeirsoftfeathers,

wideeyesandowllikeexpressions."Todaytherecoveryprogramcounts147

adultbirds,nearlytriplethenumbersinceitsstartin1995.Andthatnumber

willsoongrow,asthecurrentbreedingseasonisexpectedtosetarecord

andadd30to50healthychicks.

Toimprovekakapobreeding,recoveryteammemberswatchandtrack

theparrotsusingnestcameras,infraredbeams（红外光束），microchips

andradiotransmittersinsmall“backpacks“fittedsnuglyunderthebirds

wings.Individualfeedingstationssupplyextrapelletfoodandcleanwater.

Thestationshaveelectronicscalestocheckweightandareprogrammedto

openonlyforthetargetbird,automaticallylockingifaparrotwearingthe

"wrong"transmittertriestopoachfromanotherparrotsstation.

Eggsareoftenremovedfromthenestandputinincubators(孵化器)，

machinesthathelpthemdevelop.Intheirplace,teammembersleave

3D?Printed"smarteggs"thatmakenoiseand