湖南省娄底市石新中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析

湖南省娄底市石新中学高三英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.—Whatdidhebecomewhenhegrewup?

—Asoldier，_________hehadwantedtobeverymuch．A．that

B．who

C．what

D．which参考答案：D2.Threestudentsintenwillgoand_____tostayintheclassroom.A.therestare

B.therestis

C.theotherare

D.theotheris参考答案：A3.---Dad,haveyouseenmyChristmascard?---______youpaintedlastnight?I’mafraidIhaven’tseen______.A.One;one B.Theone;itC.One;it D.Theone;that参考答案：B【详解】考查代词。句意：“爸爸，你看到我的圣诞卡了吗?”“你昨晚画的那幅吗？恐怕我还没见过它。”one指代Christmascard，第一空表特指“昨晚画的那幅”，应加定冠词the；第二空指代“昨晚画的那幅”，表同一事物，应使用代词it。故B选项正确。4.Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtains___beforeverydustywindows.A.hanging

B.hung

C.hanged

D.havinghung参考答案：A5.Theteachercameintotheclassroom，____byhisstudents．（）A．following B．tobefollowingC．followed D．havingfollowed参考答案：C老师走进教室，身后跟着他的学生们．"____byhisstudents"在句中作伴随状语，动词follow与它的逻辑主语theteacher构成被动关系，意为：学生跟在老师的身后；故此处应使用动词的过去分词形式；B．tobefollowing是动词不定式的进行时态，不表示被动意义；故选C本题考查了过去分词作伴随状语的用法．首先可以根据句意确定它在句中所作的成分，找到选项中的动词与逻辑主语是否构成被动关系；然后注意总结它与其他相关时态的区别．6.Sorrytohavekeptyouwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime______Mr.Smithisavailable.A.when B.before

C.after

D.since参考答案：B7.Nomatter_____,youmustkeeptrying.

A.howdifficultdoesitseem

B.howeveritseemsdifficult

C.howeverseemsitdifficult

D.howdifficultitseems

参考答案：D8.Peaceis_______theabsenceofwar.Italsomeanskindnessandharmony.A.orrather

B.morethan

C.atbest

D.farfrom参考答案：B试题分析：句意：和平不仅仅意味着没有战争，它还意味着友好与和谐。morethan“不仅仅”。orrather更确切地说；atbest充其量，至多；farfrom远非。故选B项。9.----DoyouthinkitwiseforChinesemotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheir

children?

----No,that’s

theyaremistaken.

A．what

B．when

C．where

D．how

参考答案：C10.

—Hey,youhaven’tbeenactinglikeyourself.IseverythingOK?

—________.A.Sure,itis

B.I’mfine,thanks

C.You’rewelcome

D.It’sapleasure参考答案：A11.---TheconflictbetweenNorthandSouthKoreacallsfortalkstosolvetheproblem.---Quiteright.IwouldrathertheUN_______somethingimmediately.A.woulddo

B.does

C.did

D.willdo参考答案：C12.Althoughheknewlittleaboutthelargeamountofworkdoneinthefield,hesucceeded________othermorewell-informedexperimentersfailed.

A.which

B.that

C.what

D.where参考答案：D解析：where引出地点状语从句。succeed是不及物动词，不可接宾语。

13.–Whydon’tyougohome?

--I’lldosoimmediatelyI______theworkathand.A.shallfinish

B.willfinish

C.havefinish

D.does参考答案：C略14.

Afterthreemonths,theseyoungstudentsfinallybecameusedtothe______oflifeinabig

cityabroad.

A.speed

B.pace

C.rate

D.frequency

参考答案：

B15.Whenthewholeworldisrainy,let’smakeit________inourheart.

A.clean

B.clear

C.tidy

D.tiny参考答案：B16.ItwastheyearbeforelastthatScotlandfailedtheattemptto_______oftheGreatBritain,thoughthequeenElizabethhadsaiditwasentirelyuptotheScottishpeople.

A.lookout B.runout C.keepout D.pullout参考答案：D二、完型填空17.Inmostpeople’seyes,IwasagoldengirlwhenIwaseighteenyearsold：Iwaspresidentofthecollegedramasociety,amemberofthestudentsenateandsoon.Iwasthe___21___ofallmyfriendsandIwasinastateof___22___.TheoldGreektragedies_____23_____usthatwhenpriderises,punishmentfalls.Myuniverse___24___withgreatsuddennesswhenthescenery(舞台布景道具）fellonmyheadandIwasleftalmost___25___forthenextfourmonths.Mymemorywasinamessandwithinafewmonthsallmy___26___weretakenaway.IwaseventoldthatIwouldhavetoleavethecollegeattheendofthespringterm___27___clearly,Icouldn’tdoacademicwork.”Sad，Itookonelast____28____byDr.JacobTaubes.HewasthemostbrilliantteacherIhadever___29___andinhisclass,Ibegantoraiseatentative______30______andaskanoccasionalquestion.Hewouldanswerwithgreatintensity,andsoonIfoundmyselfasking______31______Iquestionsconstantly.OnedayIwaswalkingtothebuswhenIheardDr.Taubes______32______me,”MissHouston,letmewalkwithyou.Youknow,youhaveamost______33______mind.”“Me?1haveamind?”“Yes,ofcourse.”Thenheaskedmyunderstandingofsomeproblemsdiscussedintheclasses.Fromthatdayon,Dr.Taubescontinuedto______34______metothebus,always______35______mewithintellectuallyvigorousquestions.Withinseveralweeksmyeyesightcamebackandmyspirit______36______.ThoughwhatIacquiredfromtheaccidentwasa

______37______senseoflife,Iremaindeeply______38______fortheattentionDr.Taubeshadshown.He______39______mewhenImost

neededit.IsworethenthatIwouldtryto______40______andacknowledgetheunluckypersonasIhadbeenacknowledged.21.A.envy

B.fan

C.helper

D.hero22.A.danger

B.mess

C.pride

D.panic23.A.inform

B.warn

C.guarantee

D.explain24.A.cutoff

B.turneddown

C.gotthrough

D.brokedown25.A.blind

B.deaf

C.dumb

D.hurt26.A.memories

B.positions

C.senses

D.emotions27.A.until

B.after

C.when

D.since28.A.exam

B.chance

C.course

D.lecture29.A.attached

B.contributed

C.longed

D.experienced30.A.head

B.hand

C.arm

D.voice31.A.little

B.fewer

C.more

D.much32.A.addressing

B.reminding

C.asking

D.shouting33.A.complex

B.considerate

C.interesting

D.disappointed34.A.walk

B.follow

C.lead

D.invite35.A.treating

B.challenging

C.entertaining

D.accompanying36.A.sank

B.developed

C.inspired

D.bloomed37.A.tragic

B.comic

C.opposite

D.magic38.A.encourage

B.grateful

C.satisfied

D.guilty39.A.promises

B.permits

C.respects

D.acknowledges40.A.send

B.reserve

C.reach

D.sacrifice参考答案：21.A

22.C

23.B

24.D

25.A

26.B

27.D

28.C

29.D

30.B

31.C

32.A

33.C

34.A

35.B

36.D

37.A

38.B

39.D

40.C本文是一篇记叙文。主人公是一个大学生，因为一次意外导致四个月时间里几乎都出于失明状态。在遭遇了身边发生了翻天覆地的变化后，最终在一位老师的帮助下重拾信心的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.envy妒忌；B.fan迷；C.helper帮手；D.hero英雄。作者十分优秀，因此是朋友们羡慕的对象，故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.danger危险；B.mess混乱；C.pride自豪；D.panic恐慌。有下文whenpriderises可知，作者很骄傲，故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.inform通知；B.warn警告；C.guarantee保证；D.explain解释。根据下文“骄者必败”可知是警告和警示的内容，故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.cutoff切断；B.turneddown关小；C.gotthrough通过；D.brokedown崩溃；突发变故。我的世界崩溃了。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.blind瞎的；B.deaf聋的；C.dumb哑的；D.hurt受伤的。根据下文可知，作者的视力受损，几乎瞎了，故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.memories记忆；B.positions位置；C.senses意义；D.emotions感情。根据上文作者在学校有很多“职位”，所以这里指作者的职务被罢免了。故选B。【27题详解】考查介词辨析。A.until到…为止；B.after在…之后；C.when当…时候；D.since自…以来；因为。表原因，我被劝退因为我无法胜任学习上的事情，前三项都表时间，故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.exam考试；B.chance机会；C.course科目；D.lecture演讲。指选择了最后一门大学课程，故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.attached附上；B.contributed贡献；C.longed渴望；D.experienced经历。Experience指我曾经遇到过的、经历过的，故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。A.head头；B.hand手；C.arm胳膊；D.voice声音。根据下文可知作者勇敢举手回答问题，故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.little一点；B.fewer较少的；C.more更多的；D.much多。作者开始更多地举手问问题，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.addressing与…说话；B.reminding提醒；C.asking询问；D.shouting大喊大叫。这里考查address的熟词生义，“称呼”，故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.complex复杂的；B.considerate体贴的；C.interesting有趣的；D.disappointed失望的。根据下文，老师对于作者的问题是赞赏的，所以选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.walk散步；B.follow跟随；C.lead带领；D.invite邀请。Walksb.to…“与某人走到……”，故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.treating对待；B.challenging挑战；C.entertaining娱乐；D.accompanying陪伴。根据下文，问作者比较启发性的问题，对作者来说是一种挑战，故选B。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.sank沉没；B.developed发展；C.inspired鼓舞；D.bloomed兴盛。这里指我的心胸打开了，故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.tragic悲剧的；B.comic喜剧的；C.opposite相反的；D.magic魔术的。根据上文可知，作者的故事是悲剧的，作者在悲剧中学到了人生道理。故选A。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。A.encourage鼓励；B.grateful感激的；C.satisfied满意的；D.guilty有罪的；内疚的。作者对老师的照顾是感激之情。故选B。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.promises承诺；B.permits允许；C.respects尊重；D.acknowledges承认。作者对老师的“认可”最为感激，故用acknowledge表示“承认；认可”，故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。A.send发送；B.reserve保留；C.reach达到；D.sacrifice牺牲。Reachsb.“帮助某人”，故选C。三、阅读理解18.AnewstudyrevealedthattheformationoftheEarth,SunandMoonthatcausechangesinEarth’stidescanalsotriggeraspecialkindofEarthquakealongtheCalifornia’sSanAndreasFault(断层）.Thestudy,publishedinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofScience，isbasedonpreviousresearchersuggestingthatthegravitationaltugofsunandmoonisnotonlyaffectingthesealevelsofEarth,butcanalsostretchandcompressthatEarth’scrust,producingtremorsandquakes.Furthermore,thenewstudyshowedthatsmalltremorsdeepundergroundweremorelikelytooccurduringcertainperiodsofthetidalcycle.Forthestudy,theresearcherslookedatabout81,000low-frequencyearthquakesfrom2008to2015alongtheParkfieldsectionoftheSanAndreasFaultandcomparedittothetwo-weektidalcycleknownasthe“fortnightlytide，”Low-frequencyearthquakesarenamedduetotherumblingsoundtheymakeandnotbytherateofitsoccurrence.Thesekindsofearthquakeonlyoccurabout15to30kilometersbelowgroundandarenolargerthanmagnitude1intheRichterscale.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatlow-frequencyearthquakestendtooccurduringthewaxingperiodofthetidalcycle,whenthetidesaregettinglittlebylittle.ItisalreadyknownthatthestrongestEarthtidesoccurwhenthesunandmoonareinastraightline,whilethetideisatitsweakeststatewhenthesunandmoonare90degreesapart.Accordingtotheresearchers,low-frequencyearthquakesshowthatsomepartoftheSanAndreasFaultiscreeping,orslowlymoving,almostallthetime.Withthehelpofthetidalforces,low-frequencyearthquakescouldprovidemoreinformationaboutthedeeperpartofthefault.“TheytellusthatthefaultcontinuesdownbelowwheretheregularortypicalearthquakesstopontheSanAndreas,about10or12km(about6to7miles),”saidDavidShelly,aseismologistatUSGSandhelpedwritethestudy,inastatement.“Andtheytellusalotofthingsaboutthatdeeppartofthefaultthatwehadnoideaexistedatallbefore.”“It’salmostlikehavingalotoflittlecreepmetersembeddedinthefault，“Shellysaid.“Wecanusetheselow-frequencyearthquakesasmeasurementsof,atleastinasense,howmuchslipishappeningateachlittlespotonthedeeppartofthefaultwhereweseetheseevents.Whenwedon’tseethem,wedon'tknowwhat’shappening;wedon’tknowwhetherit，sslippingsilentlyornotslippingatall.”Theinformationisincrediblyuseful,headded.Wheneverthedeeppartofthefaultslips,thestressgetstransferredtotheshallowpartofthefault.“Soifallofasudden,wesawthatthedeeppartofthefaultwasslippingahugeamount,itmightbeanindicationthattherewasanincreasedchanceofhavinganearthquakecomeattheshallowerpartofthefault”hesaid.61.Whatcausestremorsandquakesaccordingtothepassage?A.TheformationoftheEarth,SunandMoon.B.ThechangeofthesealevelsofEarth.C.TheeffectofthegravitationaltugofsunandmoononEarth’scrust.D.ThemovementofcreepinginthedeeppartoftheSanAndresFault.62.Theunderlinedword‘"they”inParagraph6refersto_.A.theresearchers

B.thetidalforcesC.thelow-frequencyearthquakes

D.thetypicalearthquakes63.Low-frequencyearthquakesoccurwhen_.A.thetidesaregettingbiggergraduallyB.thesunandmoonareinastraightlineC.thesunandmoonare90degreesapartD.theSanAndreasFaultmovesslowly64.AccordingtoShelly,themostimportantfunctionofthestudyis_.A.tofindoutwherethetypicalearthquakesoccurB.toindicatewhentheregularearthquakesoccurC.touncoverhowlow-frequencyearthquakesoccurD.tooffermoreinformationaboutthedeeperpartofthefault参考答案：61．C62．C63．A64．D61．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“…thegravitationaltugofsunandmoonisnotonlyaffectingthesealevelsofEarth,butcanalsostretchandcompressthatEarth’scrust,producingtremorsandquakes.”（太阳和月亮的引力不只是影响地球的海平面，而且也拉伸和压缩地壳，产生震动和地震。）可推知，太阳和月亮的引力对地壳的影响会造成震动和地震。故选C。62．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Withthehelpofthetidalforces,low-frequencyearthquakescouldprovidemoreinformationaboutthedeeperpartofthefault.”及第六段中的“Theytellusthatthefaultcontinuesdownbelowwheretheregularortypicalearthquakes…”可推知，此处的they指的是low-frequencyearthquakes（低频地震）。故选C。63．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Theresearchersdiscoveredthatlow-frequencyearthquakestendtooccurduringthewaxingperiodofthetidalcycle,whenthetidesaregettinglittlebylittle.”（研究人员发现，低频率地震倾向于满月时期的潮汐周期，当潮汐变得一点点发生。）可推知，低频地震会让潮汐逐渐地变强。故选A。64．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段及倒数第二段中的“Theinformationisincrediblyuseful,headded.Wheneverthedeeppartofthefaultslips,thestressgetstransferredtotheshallowpartofthefault.”（他补充道，这信息是非常有用的。每当深层断裂带的一部分滑动时，压力会转移到断裂带的浅层部分。）可知，这个研究的主要功能是为研究深层断裂带提供有效的信息。故选D。【点评】本文为科技说明文。文章介绍了对低频地震及地球潮汐现象的研究及其研究价值。19.Ihadthemeanestmotherintheworld.Whileotherkidsatecandyforbreakfast,Ihadtohavecereal,eggsandtoast.Othershadcokesandcandyforlunch,whilewehadtoeatasandwich.Asyoucanguess,mysupperwasdifferentthantheotherkids’.ButatleastIwasnotaloneinmysuffering.MysisterandtwobrothershadthesamemeanmotherasIdid.Mymotherinsistedonknowingwherewewereatalltimes.Shehadtoknowwhoourfriendswereandwhatweweredoing.Wehadtowearcleanclotheseveryday.Otherkidsalwaysworetheirclothesfordays.Wereachedtheheightofdisgracebecauseshemadeourclothesherself,justtosavemoney.Theworstisyettocome.Wehadtobeinbedby9:00eachnightandupat7:45thenextmorning.Sowhilemyfrien