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2023年考研考博考博英语辽宁大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案(图片大小可自由调整)答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Internationalfinancialissuesaretypically()bytheUnitedStatesmediabecausetheyaretootechnicaltomakesnappyheadlinesandtooinaccessibletopeoplewholackabackgroundineconomics.问题1选项A.neglectedB.criticizedC.overratedD.repudiated2.单选题Thefinalrecommendationwasthattheemployeeonprobation(

)aspecialnightclassforonesemester.问题1选项A.attendB.hasattendedC.attendsD.attended3.单选题Becauseadegreefromagooduniversityisthemeanstoabetterjob,educationisoneofthemost(

)areasinJapaneselife.问题1选项A.sophisticatedB.competitiveC.considerateD.superficial4.翻译题Today,weanxiouslyscrutinizeexaminationscoresandworrywhetherourchildwillbeadmittedintoprestigiousuniversity.Mostofthetime,theirritatingchildorstudentwithlowscoresonlyreceivesnegativeattention.ConsideringthehueandcriesaboutteachingChinesestudentstobemorecreative,andtheconstantcomparisonsofthedifferencesbetweenEastandWesteducation,maybewearefutilelytryingtopoundsquarepegintoroundholes.Creativityisrelatedtoproblem-solvingability,andthefundamentaltruthisthatcreativityandeffectivenesscallsforafullyengagedmind.Ontheonehand,acreativepersonislikeafleshandbloodcomputer,collecting,assembling,arrangingandintegratingdata.Ontheotherhand,thecreativepersonistheattentivestudentoflife.Peoplewantingtoacquireacreativementalitymustfirstandforemostbeinthemind-setoffullyembracingalloftheirlearningexperience.Themindisthechain,andthevarietyofideasandexperiencesarethegears.Thepersonalorientationtowardachievementisanattitude.Learninganddemonstratingcreativedecision-makingisnotaby-productfrombeingconditionedtomemorizecorrectanswers,orretrieveexactbitsofdataforproducingahighfinalscore.Creativityisaby-productofmentalrisk-takingandexperimentation,andoneisfullyengagingpersonalthinkinginthefunofabstractplay:mentalgymnastics.5.单选题Hewasaskedtobethe(

)ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.问题1选项A.judgeB.umpireC.fanD.controller6.单选题Ityouweretobeginanewjobtomorrow,youwouldbringwithyousomebasicstrengthsandweaknesses.Successorfailure,inyouworkwoulddepend,to(1)greatextent,onyourabilitytouseyourstrengthsandweaknessestothebestadvantage.(2)

theutmostimportanceisyouraltitude.Apersonwhobeginsajobconvincedthatheisn’tgoingtolikeitoris

(3)

thatheisgoingtoallailisexhibitingaweaknesswhichcanonlyhinderhissuccess.Ontheotherhand,apersonwhoissecureinhisbeliefthatheisprobablyascapableofdoingtheworkasanyoneelseandwhoiswillingtomakeacheerfulattempt(4)

itpossessesacertainstrengthofpurpose.Thechancesarethathewilldowell.

(5)theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.Lackingthoseskillsisobviouslyaweakness.Abookkeeperwhocan'tadd,oracarpenterwhocan'tcutastraightlinewithasaw(6)

hopelesscases.Thisbookhasbeendesignedtohelpyoucapitalize(7)

thestrengthandovercometheweaknessthatyoubringtothejoboflearning.Butingroupstomeasureyourdevelopment,youmustfirst(8)

stockofsomewhereyourstandnow.Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe

(9)

with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.However,tobeginwith,youshouldpausetoexamineyourpresentstrengthsandweaknessesinthreeareasthatarecriticaltoyoursuccessorfailureinschool;your

(10)

,yourreadingandcommunicationskills,and.yourstudyhabits.问题1选项A.aB.theC.someD.certain问题2选项A.OutofB.OfC.ToD.Into问题3选项A.ensureB.certainC.sureD.surely问题4选项A.nearB.onC.byD.at问题5选项A.HaveB.HadC.HavingD.Hadbeen问题6选项A.beingB.beenC.areD.is问题7选项A.exceptB.butC.forD.on问题8选项A.makeB.takeC.doD.give问题9选项A.dealB.dealtC.bedealtD.dealing问题10选项A.intelligenceB.workC.attitudeD.weakness7.单选题Shehasbeenmelancholyfornearlytwoweeks.问题1选项A.upsetB.sadC.voraciousD.satiated8.单选题Somepeoplethinkthata(

)translation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthanafreetranslation.问题1选项A.liberalB.literaryC.literalD.linear9.单选题Hehadheardtheverybadnews;butwhenhespoke,he______hisremarkstoafewhintsthatsaleshadslipped.问题1选项A.boundB.polishedC.optimizedD.confined10.单选题Successfulpoliticiansaregoodatgiving______answerstoquestionsondifficultissues.问题1选项A.definitiveB.ubiquitousC.ambiguousD.ineffable11.单选题Alltheoff-shoreoilexplorerswereinhighspiritsastheyreadlovinglettersfromthefamilies.问题1选项A.sentimentalB.affectionateC.intimateD.sensitive12.翻译题FiveNationalHealthService(NHS)trustshavesignedpartnershipswithGoogletoprocesssensitivepatientrecords,inwhatarebelievedtobethefirstdealsoftheirkind.ThecollaborationscameafterDeepMind,theLondon-basedartificialintelligencecompanyownedbyAlphabet,transferredcontrolofitshealthdivisiontoitsCalifornianparent.DeepMindhadcontractstoprocessmedicaldatafromsixNHStruststodevelopitsapp,whichalertsdoctorsandnurseswhenpatientsareatriskofacutekidneyinjury,aswellastoconductAIresearch.FiveofthetrustschosetosigncontractswithGoogle.AccordingtopapersfromtheRoyalFree,thedatathatwillbesharedwithGooglewillincludedetailssuchasmedicalhistory,diagnoses,treatmentdatesandethnicorigin.13.单选题Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand16thcenturies.Yetmuchhadhappenedbetween.Aswasdiscussedbefore,itwasnotuntilthe19thcenturythatthenewspaperbecamethedominantpre-electronic(1),followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookandinthe(2)

oftheperiodical.Itwasduringthesametimethatthecommunicationsrevolution(3)

up,beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading(4)

throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpicturesintothe20thcenturyworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane.Noteveryoneseesthatprocessin(5)

.Itisimportanttodoso.Itisgenerallyrecognized,however,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,followedbytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,althoughitsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately(6)

.Astimewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame“personal”too,aswellasinstitutional,withdisplaybecomingsharperandstorage(7)

increasing.Theywerethoughtof,likepeople,

(8)generations,withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuchsmaller.Itwaswithinthecomputeragethattheterm“informationsociety”begantobewidelyusedto

describethecontextwithinwhichwenowlive.Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas(9)

bothworkandleisureandhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutplaceandtime,buttherehavebeencontroversialviewsaboutitseconomic,political,socialandculturalimplications.“Benefits”havebeenweighed(10)

“harmful”outcomes.Andgeneralizationshaveproveddifficult.问题1选项A.meansB.methodC.mediumD.measure问题2选项A.processB.companyC.lightD.form问题3选项A.gatheredB.speededC.workedD.picked问题4选项A.onB.outC.overD.off问题5选项A.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspective问题6选项A.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausible问题7选项A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.faculty问题8选项A.bymeansofB.intermsofC.withregardtoD.inlinewith问题9选项A.regardedB.impressedC.influencedD.effected问题10选项A.aboveB.uponC.withD.against14.单选题

Evidencecameupthat______speechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.问题1选项A.specificB.distinctiveC.explicitD.blunt15.翻译题FormanyChinesepeople,thebeginningof2011holdsthepromiseofafreshroundofeducationreforms,whichareexpectedtoboostthecountry’seducationqualitythroughincreasinggovernmentinvestment,narrowinggapsbetweenurbanandruralschools,achievinginternationallyacknowledgedhighereducationandreducingacademiccorruptionandbureaucracy.Accordingtothelandmarkreformplan,governmentinvestmentwillincreasesteadilytosupporttheeducationsector,witheducationexpenditureamountingto4%ofGDPby2012.Chinafirstpledgedtoincreaseitseducationspendingto4percentoftheGDPin1993,buthas,sofar,failedtoachievethetarget.Theplan,whichtookoneyearandninemonthstodrawupandinvitedpublicsubmissionontwoseparateoccasions,wasseenassettingthetoneforthedevelopmentofeducationsector,whichhaslongsufferedfromfundingshortageandunbalanceddevelopmentbetweenruralandurbanareas.Thedevelopmentofeducation,rangingfrompreschooleducationtovocationaleducationinruralareas,willbeapriorityofthecountry’soveralldevelopmentprograms.The22-chapterplansayspreschooleducationshouldbasicallybeuniversalby2020,andnine-yearcompulsoryeducationpolicyshouldbeconsolidated.Theenrolmentrateforseniormiddleschoolshouldbe90percentofschoolagechildren,whiletheenrolmentrateforhighereducationshouldbe40percentofhighschoolgraduates.ThekeyforChinatobuildworld-leveluniversitiesliesinauthorizingtheeducators,studentsandsocietytoassessthequalityofeducation,allowingprofessorstoconductacademicresearchwithfullfreedomandempoweringstudentstoparticipateinuniversityadministration.16.翻译题TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

随着年岁的增长,精力日减,效率渐低,作风渐延:激情有失,理智有增。看来,这样的互易不可能总是得失相当的。但是,一定的年龄总有一定的长处。因此,可以告慰的是,即使你已度过了部分盛年,在未来的经历中,依然会有另一种盛年期的出现。某些重要的盛年期似乎在人生后期才达到顶峰。原始人一旦由于周围的许多令人愉快的情景而第一次开口大笑了,又由于笑对周围所产生的那些明显的愉快的效果,笑就开始具有了人类社会所特有的价值。具有用爽朗的笑声来传播愉快能力的人,开始比他的较为严肃、古板的同事更能享受到社会的优惠,从而使自己处于有利的地位。他成了个“善于交际的人”,在社交方面成了大家所推举的人,受到社会的喜爱。当今的世界,即非丝绸之路的吋代,亦非马可波罗(MarcoPolo)吋代。从上海去东京,只需两个多小时。从中国区地球另一端的美国,也能在日历的同一天到达。昔日遥远的地理距离,被现代科学技术一下缩短到令人难以置信的程度。这是人类文明的共同成果。17.翻译题人性的完整在于承认自己的缺陷,勇敢地摒弃不现实的幻想而又不以此为缺憾。人性的完整还在于意识到自己能够使悲剧性的人生继续存在下去,能够在失去亲人后依然表现出完整的个人风范。当我们承认瑕疵是构成人性的一部分,同时又能继续在生活中不懈地奋斗,并大大赞美这样的人生价值时,我们就会获得其他人仅能期盼的完整人生。我相信这就是上帝对我们的要求:不求“完美”,也不求“永不犯错误”,而是求得人性的“完整”。18.翻译题以前人们常说,英国人享乐时也会郁郁不乐。如今,如果英国人真有什么乐趣可享的话,情况无疑还会依然如此,不过英国的烟酒价格构成了足以令人忧愁的外因。有时我觉得,这种享乐时也郁郁不乐的癖性已经传到了大西洋彼岸,我不由得纳闷:这么多讲英语的人身体又健康,收入又丰厚,怎么人生观却如此消沉。我在美国旅行期间,注意到了一种根深蒂固的忧郁症。我觉得这种忧郁症似乎极其普遍,这就给社会改革家出了难题。大多数社会改革家认为,若是消除了贫困,有了经济保障,太平盛世就会到来。但是,无论在贵国还是在蔽国,看着坐在豪华轿车里的人们的面孔,却见不到社会改革家引导人们期待的那种喜气洋洋的神情。相反,十有八九,我看到的是一副厌倦不满的神情,以及一种近似疯狂的渴望,想找点东西吊起早已发腻的胃口。19.翻译题Itwasableak,rainyday,andIhadnodesiretodriveupthewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn’shouse.ButshehadinsistedthatIcomeandseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.Turningdownanarrowtrack,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblackgreenevergreenstoweredover.Graduallythepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacorner—andIstoppedandgaspedinamazement.Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossfoldsandvalleyswereriversofdaffodilsinradiantbloom.Aprofusionofcolor—fromthepalestivorytothedeepestlemontothemostvividsalmon—blazedlikeacarpetbeforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.Ariotofquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?Why?How?Asweapproachedthehomethatstoodinthecenteroftheproperty,wesawasign:ANSWERSTOTHEQUESTIONSIKNOWYOUAREASKING.Thefirstanswerwas:ONEWOMAN—TWOHANDS,TWOFEETANDVERYLITTLEBRAIN.Thesecondwas:ONEATATIME.Thethird:STARTEDIN1958.Aswedrovehome,IwassomovedbywhatwehadseenthatIcouldscarcelyspeak.“Shechangedtheworld,”Ifinallysaid,“onebulbatatime.Shestartedalmost40yearsago,probablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit.”Thewonderofitwouldnotletmego.“Imagine,”Isaid,“ifI’dhadavisionandworkedatit,justalittlebiteveryday,whatmighthaveIaccomplished?”20.翻译题Abstractionisanoldstorywiththephilosophers,butithasbeenlikeanewtoyinthehandsoftheartistsofourday.Whycan’twehaveanyonequalityofpoetrywechoosebyitself?Wecanhaveinthought.Thenitwillgohardifwecan’tinpractice.Ourlivesforit.Granted,noonebutahumanistmuchcareshowsoundapoemisifitisonlyasound.Thesoundisthegoldintheore.Thenwewillhavethesoundoutaloneanddispensewiththeinessential.Wedotillwemakethediscoverythattheobjectinwritingpoetryistomakeallpoemssoundasdifferentaspossiblefromeachother.Itshouldbeofthepleasureofapoemitselftotellhowitcan.Thefigureapoemmakes.Itbeginsindelightandendsinwisdom.Thefigureisthesameasforlove.Noonecanreallyholdthattheecstasyshouldbestaticandstandstillinoneplace.Itbeginsindelight,itinclinestotheimpulse,itassumesdirectionwiththefirstlinelaiddown,itrunsacourseofluckyevents,andendsinaclarificationoflife—notnecessarilyagreatclarification,suchassectsandcultsarefoundedon,butinamomentarystayagainstconfusion.Ithasdenouement.Ithasanoutcomethatthoughunforeseenwaspredestinedfromthefirstimageoftheoriginalmood—andindeedfromtheverymood.第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项neglected“被忽视的”;B选项criticized“被批判的”;C选项overrated“被高估的”;D选项repudiated“被拒绝的”。句意:国际金融问题通常被美国的媒体所(),因为这些问题过于专业而不能给出一个生动活泼的标题来,而且是非常难于被缺乏经济学背景的读者来理解。由too...to可知,国际金融问题因为太过专业而不好给出一个生动活泼的标题,所以空格应填的选项是由于文章标题而不能给出impressive的效果。因此A选项正确。2.【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。表示“建议、要求、命令”等意思的词相关的从句谓语部分要用should+动词原形,should可以省略,因此选A。句意:最终的建议是试用期雇员一个学期参见一次特殊夜校学习。3.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。sophisticated意为“见多识广的,老练的”;competitive意为“竞争的,比赛的”;considerate意为“考虑周到的,体贴的”;superficial意为“肤浅的,表面的”。由前面because引导的原因状语,可知好大学的学位意味着好更好的工作,故此推测教育领域具有竞争性,因此选B。句意:因为一所好大学的学位是获得更好工作的手段,所以教育是日本人生活中最具竞争的领域之一。4.【答案】【参考译文】今天,我们焦虑地查着考试分数,担心小孩是否有望被名牌大学录取。大多数情况下,令人恼火的小孩或分数低的学生仅得到消极的关心。在呼吁提高中国学生创造性的抗议声和中西方教育差异的对比的影响下,我们的做法无异于方枘圆凿不得其所。创造力通常与问题解决能力相关,而且基本的事实是创造力和有效性需要全神贯注的头脑。一方面,一个有创造力的人如同一台有血有肉的计算机,对数据进行收集、汇集、整理和整合;另一方面,有创造力的人是生活中最细心的学生。想要拥有创造性头脑的人必须首先下定决心去彻底领会所有的学习经历。头脑是链条,而各种想法和经历是齿轮。个人的成就取向是一种态度。学习和展示创造性的决策,并不是为了获得高分而习惯于记住正确答案或检索精确数据的副产品。创造力是一种脑力冒险和试验的副产品,且创造力需要完全地让个人的思考忙于抽象活动(即脑力训练)的乐趣中。5.【答案】B【解析】考查名词辨析。judge意为“法官,审判员”,泛指各种场合中的评判人员;umpire意为“裁判员”多用于仲裁者本身不需随比赛移动位置,如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等;fan意为“迷,狂热爱好者,风扇”;controller意为“(尤指大型机构或部门的)管理者,控制者”。由thebadmintongame(羽毛球比赛)可知选B。句意:他被要求担任羽毛球比赛的裁判,因为他是一个公正的人。6.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:C第6题:D第7题:D第8题:B第9题:D第10题:C【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。toagreatextent为固定搭配,意为“很大程度上,非常”。(2)of与名词连用,表示具有某种性质,状态,位于句首,表示强调。正常语序为:Yourattitudeisoftheutmostimportance.(beof+名词)(3)考查固定搭配。or后面省略了主语he,besurethat后面加从句,此处表示“或肯定不适应这项工作”。(4)考查固定搭配。attempt用作名词时,意为“努力,尝试,试图”。makeanattemptonsth.“试图夺取”,makeanattemptat意为“打算,试图”。(5)考查非谓语动词。句子“25theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.”缺少主语,have与theprerequisite之间是主动关系,故用其动名词形式,表示“具有某一工作的必要技能是一个优势”。(6)考查主谓一致。or连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词采用就近原则,即谓语与靠近的名词在“人称,数”上保持一致。“abookkeeper...oracarpenter”是本句的主语,因此谓语动词用单选,选D。(7)考查固定搭配。capitalizeon是固定搭配,意为“充分利用某事物”。(8)考查固定搭配。takestockof是固定搭配,意为“估计,考虑”。(9)考查时态。句子“Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe_____with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.(随着我们进一步了解这本书,我们将详细论述发展和加强学习技能的具体过程)”为将来时,因此选D。(10)考查逻辑关系。根据前面的“______theutmostimportanceisyourattitude”可知此处选C,与文章前面的内容相呼应。7.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。melancholy意为“悲伤的,忧郁的”;upset意为“心烦的;混乱的”,指因为受挫而沮丧;sad意为“难过的,悲哀的”,指感情上的悲伤;voracious意为“贪吃的,求知欲强的”;satiated意为“满足的”。句意:她已经忧郁了将近两周了。8.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。liberal意为“自由的”;literary意为“文学的”;literal意为“文字上的,字面的”;linear意为“直线的,线形的”。由句中的than可知是与afreetranslation(意译)相比较,翻译一般分为意译与直意,因此选C。句意:有些人认为直译,或者说逐字逐句的翻译,比意译容易。9.【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项bound“绑;装订;包扎;凝固”;B选项polished“抛光,擦亮;修改,润色;(使)完美,改进”;C选项optimized“优化;持乐观态度;使最优化,使完善”;D选项confined“限制,使局限;禁止离开,关押;卧床分娩”。句意:他听到了这个坏消息,但当他对员工们讲话时,他把自己的话______在一些暗示销售下滑的迹象上。此处填“限制”一词最符合句意,所以D选项正确。10.【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项definitive“最后的;最佳的;最权威的”;B选项ubiquitous“普遍存在的;无所不在的”;C选项ambiguous“模糊不清的,模棱两可的;不明确的,不明朗的;引起歧义的”;D选项ineffable“不可言喻的;不应说出的;难以形容的”。句意:成功的政治家善于对棘手问题给出______答案。政治家的重要职能便是处理争端和分配利益,所以他们的回答不能太过绝对化,此处填“模棱两可的”更符合句意,所以C选项正确。11.【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。loving意为“爱的,充满爱的”;sentimental意为“伤感的”;affectionate意为“深情的,挚爱的”;intimate意为“亲密的,亲近的”;sensitive意为“敏感的”。句意:所有的海上石油探险家在读家里寄来的充满爱的信件时都兴高采烈。12.【答案】【参考译文】英国国家医疗服务体系的五家信托公司与谷歌签署了合作伙伴关系,以处理敏感的患者记录,这被认为是此类交易的首次。此前,总部位于伦敦的Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind将其医疗部门的控制权转让给了位于加州的母公司。DeepMind与NHS签订了合同,处理来自6个信托机构的医疗数据,以开发自己的应用,以及进行人工智能研究。当患者面临急性肾损伤风险时,该应用会向医生和护士发出警报。其中5家信托公司选择与谷歌签订合同。根据皇家自由报的文件,谷歌将共享的数据包括病史、诊断、治疗日期和种族等细节。13.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:A第5题:D第6题:A第7题:C第8题:B第9题:C第10题:D【解析】(1)考查逻辑关系。mean意为“方法,手段”;method意为“方法”;medium意为“(传播信息的)媒介,手段”;measure意为“测量,度量”。由句中的newspaper可知它属于一种媒介,因此选C。(2)考查固定搭配。intheprocessof意为“在……的过程中”;inthecompanyof意为“伴随,在……的陪同下,当着……的面”;inthelightof意为“鉴于,由于,按照”;intheformof意为“用……的形式”。空格处与“inthewakeof(紧紧跟随,随着……而来)”相对应,因此选B,表示“继小册子和图书之后,与期刊一起……”(3)考查词组辨析。gatherup意为“概括,收集起”;speedup意为“(使)加速”;workup意为“激发(热情),鼓起(勇气)”;pickup意为“拿起,捡起”。由“thecommunicationsrevolution(通讯革命)______up,beginningwithtransport,therailway(从运输开始,铁路)...hthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpictures(电报、电话、收音机和电影)”可推测是对通讯革命发展的介绍,B选项最符合逻辑,表示“通讯革命的发展也加快了步伐”。(4)考查词组辨析。leadon意为“代领……继续前进,继续引领,劝诱,哄骗”;leadout意为“出发,开始”;leadover意为“领先”;leadoff意为“起始于(某处),开始”。由句中的状语“beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading______throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpicturesintothe20thcenturyworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane(从运输、铁路开始,……到电报、电话、收音机和电影,知道20世纪的汽车和飞机时代)”可知A选项最符合逻辑。(5)考查固定搭配。inperspective为固定搭配,意为“正确地”。此句意为“并不是每一个人都能正确地看待这个过程”。(6)考查形容词辨析。apparent意为“显而易见,显然的,表明的”;desirable意为“令人满意的”;negative意为“消极的,否认的”;plausible意为“(借口或解释)有道理的,可信的,花言巧语的”。although引导的是让步状语从句,由前面的“radicallychangedtheprocess(从根本上改变了这个过程)”可推测“对媒体的影响并不是很明显”,因此选A。(7)考查名词辨析。ability意为“能力,资格”;capability意为“才能,能力”;capacity意为“容量”;faculty意为“能力,全体教员”。由“storage(储存,贮存)”可知C选项最符合逻辑。(8)考查词组辨析。bymeansof意为“用,依靠,借助于”;intermsof意为“根据,按照,在……方面”;withregardto意为“关于”;inlinewith意为“跟……一致,符合”。由“withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuchsmaller(代与代之间的差距逐近变小)”可知此处是将计算机按照“人”的“代”来划分的,因此选B。(9)考查动词辨析。regard意为“认为,当作”;impress意为“给……留下深刻印象”;influence意为“影响”;effect作动词时,意为“使发生,引起”,作名词时,意为“影响,结果”。由后面的“implications(可能的影响,暗指)”可推测此处指对工作等方面的影响,因此选C。(10)考查词义辨析。此处是将““benefits”与“harmful”是对立关系,weigh表示“认真考虑,权衡”,四个选项中只有“against”含有“反对,与……相反”,因此选D。14.【答案】A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项specific“特殊的,特定的;明确的;详细的”,着重指某种、某类事物具有的特殊或特定的属性;B选项distinctive“独特的,有特色的;与众不同的”,常被用来突出某个特点,也就是说由于某个特点的存在使其不同于其他的人或事物;C选项explicit“明确的;清楚的;直率的;详述的”;D选项blunt“钝的,不锋利的;生硬的;直率的”。句意:有证据表明,6个月大的婴儿就能识别______语音。此处强调语音,用“特定的”一词修饰更符合句意,所以A选项正确。15.【答案】【参考译文】对许多中国人而言,2011年初有望进行新一轮教育改革,通过增加政府投资、缩小城乡差距、取得国际承认的高等教育、减少学术腐败和官僚主义,来实现中国的教育质量的提高。根据这个具有里程碑意义的改革计划,政府支持教育部门的投资将会稳步增加,到2012年,教育经费将总计达到国内生产总值的百分之四。中国在1993年首次承诺将教育经费增加至国内成产总值的百分之四,但到目前为止还没有达到该目标。这个耗费了一年又九个月时间来起草并在两个单独场合邀请公众提供意见的计划,被视为为长期遭受资金短缺的城乡发展不平衡的教育部门的发展奠定了基础。农村地区从学前教育到职业教育的教育发展将是我国整体发展规划中的一个重点。这个有二十二个章节的计划称,学前教育到2020年时应该基本普及且九年义务教育政策应该被巩固。高中的升学率应该是儿童的90%,而高等教育的升学率应该是高中毕业生的40%。中国建设世界级大学的关键在于授权教育工作者、学生和社会去评估教学质量,允许教授自由进行学术研究,允许学生参加大学的管理。16.【答案】Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughnessandpassionforreason.Theseexchangesmaynotalwaysseemfair,butateveryage,therearesomeadvantages.Soitisreassuringtonotethatevenifyou’vepassedsomeofyour“primes”,youstillhaveotherprimeyearstoexperienceinthefuture.Itseemsthatsomeprimeperiodwillreachitspeaklaterinourlife.Oncetheprimitivemenburstoutlaughingforthefirsttimebecauseofsomethingpleasantaroundthem,andthenthelaughbringstheobviouslypleasanteffectaround,thelaughhashadvaluethatthehumanbeingsisholding.Thepersonwhopossessestheabilitytospreadhappinessbybrightandclearlaughwillgetmoresocialbenefitsthanhisseriousandstuffycolleagues,whichgetshiminanadvantageousposition.Thushebecomesa“goodmixer”whoiscommendedbyothers,especiallygiftedsocially.TheworldtodayisneithertheeraofSilkRoad,northeageofMarcoPolo.ItjusttakesabouttwohoursfromShanghaitoTokyo.Onthesamedayonthecalendar,youalsocanarriveintheUnitedStatesontheothersideoftheearthfromChina.Thefargeographicdistanceoftheolddayshasbeenshortenedtoanunbelievableextentbymodernscienceandtechnology.It’sthecommonachievementsbroughtaboutbytheprogressofhumancivilization.17.【答案】【参考译文】Thereisawholenesstohumannaturethatconsistsinadmittingourlimitations,inbeingbraveenoughtoletgoofunrealisticdreamsandnotfeellikeafailurefordoingso.Thereisawholenessaboutthemanorwomanwhohaslearnedthatheorsheisstrongenoughtogothroughatragedyandsurvive,canlosesomeoneandbestilllikeacompleteperson.Whenweacceptthatimperfectionispartofbeinghuman,andwhenwecancontinuerollingthroughlifeandappreciateit,wewillhaveachievedawholenessthatotherscanonlyaspireto.That,Ibelieve,iswhatgodasksofus—not“beperfect”,not“donotevenmakeamistake”,but“bewhole”.18.【答案】【参考译文】ItusedtobesaidthatEnglishpeopletaketheirpleasuresadly.Thiswouldnodoubtstillbethecasetodayiftheyhadanypleasuretotake,butthepriceofalcoholandtobaccoinBritishhasprovidedsufficientexternalcausesformelancholy.IhavesometimesthoughtthatthehabitoftakingpleasuresadlyhascrossedtheAtlantic,andIhavewonderedwhatitisthatmakessomanyEnglish-speakingpeoplesomberintheiroutlookinspiteofgoodhealthandagoodincome.DuringmytravelsintheAmerica,Ihavebeenimpressedbyakindoffundamentalmalaisewhichseemstomeextremelycommonandwhichposesdifficultproblemsforthesocialreformer.Mostsocialreformershaveheldtheopinionthat,ifpovertywereabolishedandtherewerenomoreeconomicinsecurity,themillenniumwouldhavearrived.ButwhenIlookatthefacesofpeopleinluxurycars,whetherinyourcountryorinmine,Idonotseethatlookofradianthappinesswhichtheaforesaidsocialreformershadledpeopletoexpect.Inalllikelihood,onthecontrary,Iseeinsteadalookofboredomanddiscontentandanalmostfranticlongingforsomethingthatmightticklethejadedpalate.19.【答案】【参考译文】凄风细雨,山路蜿蜒,我毫无兴致驱车前往女儿卡罗琳的家。可女儿一定要我前去看看山顶上的景致。转过一条狭窄的小道我们停下车出来,沿着铺满厚厚一层松针的小路走去。头顶上高大的墨绿色常青树耸入云霄。渐渐地这地方的平和宁静开始令我陶醉。然后我们拐了个弯,我停下了脚步,惊诧不已。从山顶往下好几英亩的山坡上,满是怒放的水仙花,犹如江河直下,越过山坳,穿过峡谷,一片五彩缤纷:有洁净无比的象牙白,有极其浓郁的柠檬黄,有鲜艳夺目的鲑鱼橙,如同一幅地毯展现在我们而前,令人眼花缭乱。仿佛太阳倾翻了,把一片金光溢泻到了山坡上。一大堆问题在我的脑海中翻腾。谁创造了这种美景?为什么要创造?又是如何创造的?我们走近这块宝地中央的屋子,只见一块牌子上写着:我知道你要问的问题,答案如下。答案一:一位妇女,一双手,两只脚,而且天资不高。答案二:一次种一株。答案三:开始于1958年。驱车回家的路上,我为所见的一切感动不已,无言以对。“她改造了世界,”我终于说道。“一次种一株。她几乎40年前就开始了。当时也许只是一念之闪,但她持之以恒。”这一奇观令我回味良久。“试想,”我说道,“如果我有一个梦想,并为之努力,每天干一点,最后我会做出怎样的成绩呢?”20.【答案】【参考译文】抽象对哲学家来说已是轻车熟路,但对当代艺术家们却还是比较陌生。为什么我们不能把诗本身的特质抽象出来呢?我们可以意会这种特质的存在,但是如果我们不能实际找出这种特质,那么它是否存在可能就会成为一个问题。我们的生命向往那种特质。如果诗真的只是一种音律,我们认为只有古典文学爱好者才会关注它的完美。音律就像掺在矿石里的金子,我们只需把金子挑出,抛弃其他非必要之物。过去我们一直这样认识,直到发现写诗的目标竟然是尽量使得所有诗彼此不同。如果一首诗本身能说明它的形成过程,这将是非常愉快的。这就是一首诗的思路历程:它从愉悦的激情开始,以智慧的理性结束。这历程同爱情一样,没有人能够让那种强烈的情感静止于一点。它以愉悦的激情开始,趋向狂热的冲动,追踪着写出第一行诗所设定的方向,经历一系列妙手偶得的过程,达到一个恬适宁静的人生境界。并不需要宗教仪式里的那种庄严伟大,只要能片刻脱离尘世的纷扰。它有一个结束,它的结束虽难以预料但却已由其最初展现的心情注定,的确是完全由原来心情确定。第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Inanycommercialtransactionaconsumermusthaveconfidencethatthebusinesswhoseproducttheyareabouttopurchaseisreliableandthattheproductbeingofferedisworththepricethatispaid.Theimportanceingainingandmaintainingisespeciallytruewhentheconsumerandbusinessdonotsharecommonalitiesofgeography,cultureand/orlegalframework.Thebestcompaniesalwaysunderstandthisexpectationandcontinuallystrivetoexceedit.Othercompanies-includingmanyneweronlinemerchants---mayhavegoodintentions,butlacktheskillsorexperiencetoturntheconsumer’sexpectationintoareality.Afewcompanieswillintentionallyseektoexploitthisconsumer'sexpectation.Howtoseparatethesecompaniesinavirtualworldisnotalwayseasy,andhasbeenthesubjectofintensivediscussionbyconsumergroups,businessesandgovernments.Moreover,policingthecompaniesinthevirtualmarketplaceisperceivedtoadauntingchallenge.Thesediscussionshavegenerallyfocusedonthreekeyideas.CodesofConductforOn-lineBusiness:Individualcorporations,businessassociationsand/orgovernmentsaroundtheworldhaveworkedtodevelopCodesofConduct,Guidelines.Principles,orBestPractice,etc.foron-linebusinesses.TheydescribetheactionsthataCompanyshouldtaketoprotectaconsumer’srights.Theymaybeincludedonthecompany’swebsiteandaconsumercanreviewthembeforemakingapurchase.Trademark:Toincreaseconsumer'sconfidencethatacompanywillactinaccordancewithacodeofconductorbestpractices,athirdparty"Tmstmark"isoftenused.Theconceptisthatbydisplaying"Trustmark'.Thecompanyrepresentsthatitissubjecttoexternaloversight.Thecompanywouldnotbeallowedtodisplaythethirdpartymarkifthecompany’sactionwereinconsistentwithwhatiscontainedinthe"CodeofConduct"orsimilardocument.Trustmark’saremostusefulwhentheyhavestrongbrandrecognitionandcredibilityamongcustomers.DisputeResolution:Consumer'sconfidencereliesonthebeliefthatanydisputewillbesettledquicklyandfairlyeitherbythecompanydirectlyorthroughsomeothermeans.Inthebricksandmortarworldaconsumerusuallyhastheabilitytoinspectproductbeforepurchasingitand---ifitisdefective-returnitforarefund,repairorreplacement.Mostofcompaniesseethisformofdisputeresolutionastheirownbestinterestandanextensionoftheircustomerrelationprograms.Whilethesameholdstrueintheworldofon-linetransactions,thecriticaldifferenceisthataconsumercan'tinspecttheproductbeforepurchasing,andinsteadhastorelyonthemerchant'sphotosordescriptionsoftheproduct.Inboththetraditionalandon-lineworld,whendisputecannotberesolveddirectlybetweentheconsumerandthecompany,themerchantandtheconsumermustresorttoothermeans.Theseoftenincludeappealstoconsumerprotectionagencies,recoursetothecourts,oruseofalternativedisputeresolutionsystems.1.Thetopicofthearticleis(

).2.Whenthereexistdifferencesinculture,legalframeworkandgeographybetweenconsumersandbusinesses,whatappear(s)moreimportant?3.Whatarethethreefocusesdiscussedandconsideredimportantinmarketplace?4.InwhichcaseisTrustmarkmostinfluential?5.Whatareotherwaystoresolvedisputesbesidesrefund,repairandreplacement?问题1选项A.meetingconsumer'sexpectationinthemarketplaceB.resolvingdisputeC.displayingTrustmark’sD.settingcodesofconduct问题2选项A.Thebusiness'sreliability.

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