2023年考研考博考博英语华东师范大学考试高频考点参考题库答案

2023年考研考博考博英语华东师范大学考试高频考点参考题库带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Believeitornot,lastyearMattearned（）hisbrother,whohasabetterpositioninabigcompany.问题1选项A.astwicemuchasB.twiceasmuchasC.astwicemuchasD.asmuchtwiceas2.单选题Thewaves（）violentlyagainsttheshore,thepeopletherecouldn’thearthemcryingforhelp.问题1选项A.havebeatenB.beatC.werebeatingD.beating3.单选题YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeeting（）youdon’tmindtakingthenighttrain.问题1选项A.providedB.unlessC.thoughD.until4.单选题Asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty,we（）soformally.问题1选项A.needn’tdressupB.didnotneeddressupC.didnotneedhavedressedupD.needn’thavedressedup5.单选题WhenMr.Liwritesanarticle,healwayskeepseveraldictionaries（）.问题1选项A.underhishandsB.byhandC.outofhandD.athand6.单选题Parentsusedtohavea（）againstrockandrollintheearly1980’s.问题1选项A.predictionB.prejudiceC.preferenceD.prominence7.单选题Loveandfriendshiphavemuch（1）.Iftwopersonsaretobe（2）,theymustfindcontentmentineachother's（3）,sufferpainineachother'sfailure,and（4）pleasureineachother'ssuccess.Eachmustfind（5）themoodandtemperamentoftheothersomething（6）andcongenial.Butanydeepandpermanentfriendshipalargercommonareathanromanticlove.Notoriously,theprincemayfallinlovewiththechorusgirlwhenthetwohavealmost（8）incommon.Butfriendshipsarebased（9）,oncommoninterestsinaproject,anart,oracause;onethinksofMarksandEngels,CobdenandBright,GilbertandSullivan,theMayobrothers,WeberandFields.Still,commoninterestsbythemselveswillnot（10）friendshipandmanyco-workershavebeen（11）andenemies.

（12）

aboutvalues,aboutthings,admiredandlikedand（14）.Itisnot（15）if,wheneverwegrowenthusiasticaboutdancingormusicorflyingorscience,ourcompanioncanonlysay,“Sorry,butI（16）allthatdetestable.”

（17）oftheblessingsoffriendshipisthatitsuppliesasounding-boardwhich,

（18）ourowndelights,makesthemgreater.Andbyahappycorrelativelaw,sorrowswhensharedgrowless.Friends（19）eachotherlikethesidesofanarch;theygain（20）,security,reassuranceinfailure,addedhappinessinsuccess,andalargeincrementofcouragemerelyfromfacingthingssidebyside.问题1选项A.incommonB.differencesC.differentiationsD.tolearn问题2选项A.professorsB.friendsC.studentsD.competitors问题3选项A.attitudeB.personalityC.companyD.emergency问题4选项A.makeB.rakeC.fakeD.take问题5选项A.forB.inC.atD.on问题6选项A.strangeB.exclusiveC.destructiveD.attractive问题7选项A.callsforB.callsonC.callsoffD.callsdown问题8选项A.nothingB.somethingC.anythingD.everything问题9选项A.asaruleB.byruleC.toaruleD.witharule问题10选项A.guardB.guaranteeC.growD.grease问题11选项A.rivalsB.collaboratorsC.dedicatorsD.keepers问题12选项A.AB.NoC.FullD.Few问题13选项A.facetofaceB.frommouthtomouthC.eyetoeyeD.nosetonose问题14选项A.dislikingB.dislikedC.todislikeD.dislike问题15选项A.featuredB.featheredC.furtheredD.fettered问题16选项A.locateB.provideC.findD.sustain问题17选项A.AnyB.SomeC.NoneD.One问题18选项A.inechoingB.inwritingC.indrawingD.inmaking问题19选项A.produceB.fortifyC.yieldD.abuse问题20选项A.irritationB.silenceC.suspicionD.contentment8.单选题（）tospeakwhentheaudienceinterruptedhim.问题1选项A.NosoonerhadhebegunC.HardlyhadhebegunB.C.HardlyhadhebegunB.C.HardlyhadhebegunB.NotuntilbeganD.Scarcelydidhebegin9.单选题Hisdutyfulfilled,Henryfeltagreatweight（）offhismind.问题1选项A.takingB.totakeC.takenD.took10.单选题Don'tworry.Ifthisdoesnotwork,thereareothermethodswecan（）.问题1选项A.fallbehindB.falloutC.fallthroughD.fallbackon11.单选题Myneighborsoneithersideofmehavepaintedtheirhouses,（）ofcoursemakesmyhouselookshabbierthanitreallyis.问题1选项A.thatB.asC.whoD.which12.单选题Ise-mailablessingoracurse?Lastmonth,afteraweek’svocation,Idiscovered1218unreade-mailmessageswaitinginmybox.Ipretendedtobedismayed,butsecretlyIwaspleased.Thisishowwemeasureourwiredworthinthelate1990s.Ifyouaren’toverwhelmedbye-mail,youmustbedoingsomethingwrong.E-mail.Can’tlivewithit,can’tlivewithoutit.Artistsandrealartists,advertisersandfreedomfighters,loversandswornenemies—they’veallflockedtoe-mailastheywouldtoanynewmediumofexpression.E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.Booksarewritten,campaignsconducted,crimescommitted—allviae-mail.Butitisalsoinconvenient,wastesourtime,isolatesusinfrontofourcomputersandintroducesmorecomplexityintoouralreadytoo-hurriedlives.Toskeptics,e-mailisjustthelatestchapterintheevolvinghistoryofhumancommunication.Yete-mailallonlinecommunicationisinfactsomethingtrulydifferent;itcapturestheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcenturywithanauthoritythatfewotherproductsofdigitaltechnologycanclaim.Doesthepaceoflifeseemeverfaster?E-mailsimultaneouslyallowsustocopewiththataccelerationandcontributestoit.Areourattentionspansshrivelingunderbarragesofnew,improvedformsofstimulation?Thequickanddirtye-mailismadetoorderforthosewhoseabilitytoconcentrateismeasuredinnanoseconds.Ifweacceptthatthecreationoftheglobal-spanningInternetisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicalinnovationsofthelasthalfofthiscentury,thenwemustgivee-mail,thelivingembodimentofhumanconnectionacrosstheNet,prideofplace.Thewayweinteractwitheachotherischanging;e-mailisboththecatalystandtheinstrumentofthatchange.1.Accordingtothepassage,e-mailisconvenientbecauseit（）2.Theauthorofthispassageisaboute-mail（）3.Whichofthefollowingphrasesistheclosestinmeaningtothephrase“give...prideofplace”inParagraph3?4.AllthefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT（）5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?问题1选项A.savesourtimeB.introducesmorecomplexityintoourtoo-upsetlivesC.makescommunicationpossibleD.enrichourlives问题2选项A.skepticalB.positiveC.negativeD.firm问题3选项A.takeprideintheplaceB.beproudofC.give...themostimportantpositionD.putstresson问题4选项A.E-mailnotonlyallowsustocopewiththefasterpaceoflifebutalsomakesitacceleratedB.ThewayweinteractwitheachotherischangingC.E-mailcanhelpusmanageourever-more-complexlivesD.Onlyadvertisersmakeuseofe-mail问题5选项A.E-mailisoneofthemostimportanttechnologicalinnovationsofthelasthalfofthe20thcentury.B.E-mailistheinstrumentthatbringsaboutgreatchangesinhumanconnection.C.E-mailhelpsusunderstandtheessenceoflifeatthecloseofthe20thcentury.D.E-mailisnotonlyconvenientbutalsoinconvenient.13.单选题Therelationofthesalestaxtotheproblemofsocialbalanceisadmirablydirect.Thecommunityisrichinprivatelyproducedgoods.Itispoorinpublicservices.Theobvioussolutionistotaxtheformertoprovidethelatter—bymakingprivategoodsmoreexpensive,Thepublicgoodsaremademoreabundant.Motionpictures,electronicequipment,andcigarettesaremademorecostlysothatschoolscanbemorehandsomelysupported.Wepaymoreforsoap,make-ups,andvacuumcleanersinorderthatwemayhavecleanercitiesandfeweroccasionstousethem.Wehavemoreexpensivecarsandgasolinesothatwemayhavehighwaysandstreetsonwhichtodrivethem.Foodbeingcomparativelycheapandabundant,wetaxitinordertohavebetterservicesandbetterhealthinwhichtoenjoyit.Thisstraightforwardsolutionhasthefurtheradvantagethatsalestaxationcanbeemployedwithfairefficiencybystatesandevenbycities.Itisintheservicesrenderedbythesegovernmentsthattheproblemofsocialbalanceisespeciallysevere.Theyieldofthesalestaxincreaseswithincreasingproduction.Aswantsareplannedforprivategoods,morebenefitsareprovidedforpublicuse.Thegeneralpropertytax,theprincipalalternativetothesalestax,isrigidandinflexible.Sinceitsratesmustordinarilyberaisedforadditionalservices,includingthosethatareassociatedwithincreasingincomeandproduct,theburdenofprovingneedisespeciallyheavy.Thistaxisapoorservantofsocialbalance.1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?2.Theword‘handsomely’(Line5)means（

）.3.Accordingtotheauthor,thechiefadvantageofthesalestaxisthatit

（

）.

4.Thepropertytaxisnotregardedasanidealsolutiontosocialneedsbecause

（

）.

5.Theauthorofthispassageismostinterestedintellingusabout（

）.问题1选项A.Thepropertytaxisdifficulttocollect.B.Thesalestaxcanbeeasilyincreased.C.Thesalestaxhaslittleornosocialvalue.D.Thecommunityhasabundantgoodsproducedbyprivateenterprises.问题2选项A.skillfullyB.generouslyC.earnestlyD.easily问题3选项A.isadirectmeansofachievingsocialbalanceB.canbeimposedbycitiesandstatesC.islesseffectivethanthepropertytaxD.isapplicabletowideareas问题4选项A.itmustbechangedbytheHouseofRepresentativesB.itisnotstraightforwardasisthesalestaxC.itcanbeimposedbycitiesbutnotbystatesD.itsrisedependsonincreasingtheneedforadditionalservices问题5选项A.thecollectionofthepropertytaxB.therelationoftaxestotheproblemofsocialbalanceC.thebalanceofpublicandprivateconsumptionD.thesalestaxasasocialmeans14.单选题Itisridiculousthatwe（）.问题1选项A.areshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysrainingB.beshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysrainingC.mightbeshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysrainingD.couldbeshortofwaterinacountrywhereitisalwaysraining15.单选题Theparentsfeltverydelightedwhentheirdaughterdecidedto（）themoviesanddoherlessons.问题1选项A.forgiveB.forbidC.forgoD.foresee16.单选题Ihopeyouarenot（）thatIobtainedthismoneydishonestly.问题1选项A.implyingB.involvingC.deducingD.denoting17.翻译题在任何社会里教育总是反映这个社会的一面镜子。通过这面镜子我们可以看到我们的实力,我们的弱点,我们的希望,我们的偏见,以及我们这个国家的主要价值观念。过去四十年来人们对教育的重视说明了人们都强烈地感到不管每个人的个人情况如何,都应当给与充分发展他能力的机会。18.单选题（）thefactthathisinitialexperimentshadfailed,ProfessorWhitepersistedinhisresearch.问题1选项A.BecauseofB.InspiteofC.AstoD.Inviewof19.单选题Lifeinsuranceisfinancialprotectionfordependentsagainstloss（）thebread-winner'sdeath.问题1选项A.atthecostofB.onthevergeofC.asaresultofD.forthesakeof20.单选题TheGovernmentis（）thedangerofleadpollutioninourcities.问题1选项A.goingforB.countingonC.lookingintoD.turningup第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】B【解析】考查倍数的表达。倍数应放于asmuchas之前，所以选项B正确。2.【答案】D【解析】考査非谓语动词。beat的逻辑主语是thewaves，两者为主动关系，所以本题选D。3.【答案】A【解析】考査连词。provided假如,

倘若；unless除非,

如果不；though虽然,

尽管；until直到。句意：如果你不介意做晚上的火车的话，你可以提前抵达北京开会。选项A符合句意。4.【答案】D【解析】句意：原来是一个小型的家庭聚会，我们本没有必要穿得那么正式。Need的否定形式为needn’t，所以首先排除选项B和C。needn’thavedone表示不需要做某事却做了。所以选项D正确。5.【答案】D【解析】词组辨析题。byhand用手；outofhand脱手、无法控制；athand

在手边。句意：李先生写文章时，手边总有几本词典。选项D符合句意。6.【答案】B【解析】词义辨折题。prediction预言；prejudice偏见；preference偏爱；prominence显著,

突出。句意：在20世纪80年代初,

父母们就对摇滚乐有偏见。选项B符合句意。7.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:B第6题:D第7题:A第8题:A第9题:A第10题:B第11题:A第12题:C第13题:C第14题:B第15题:C第16题:C第17题:D第18题:A第19题:B第20题:D【解析】（1）固定搭配。havesth.incommon在...有共同点。故选择A。（2）逻辑衔接。根据上文提到的friendship可以推出填空处应该为friends,所以选项B正确。（3）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。成为朋友的两个人,要对彼此的个性感到满意。（4）takepleasure为固定搭配,指获得快乐。（5）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。将句子调整一下顺序便能理解了,句意为：在彼此的性格中去寻找共同点,选项B正确。（6）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文可知,填空处填入的词应与congenial（意气相投）意思相近,所以选项D符合原文。（7）逻辑衔接、词义辨析。callfor需求,需要；callon拜访,请求；calloff取消；calldown招致,责骂。根据原文,任何深厚且永恒的友谊都需要比浪漫爱情有更多的相同之处。选项A符合原文。（8）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文,王子和合唱队的女孩几乎没有没有共同点。（9）逻辑衔接、词义辨析。asarule通常,一般说来；byrule墨守成规地,按照规则地；选项C、D没有这种用法；填空处为插入语,所以选项A更符合原文。（10）语义衔接、词义辨析。guard保卫,监视；guarantee保证,确保；grow生长；grease贿赂。根据原文：然而,他们之间共同的兴趣也不能保证友谊长存。选项B符合原文。（11）语义衔接、词义辨析。根据原文可知,填空处应填入与enemies意思相近的词。rivals竞争对手；collaborators合作者；dedicators奉献者,献身者；keepers看护人。选项A正确。（12）逻辑衔接。根据原文可推断,这里应该指完全意义上的友谊。（13）语义衔接。Seeeyetoeye为固定搭配,意为看法一致,意见相同。（14）语义衔接。and连接的两个词,形式需保持一致。根据前面的“liked”,可知后面应该为“disliked”,选项B正确。（15）语义衔接,词义辨析。根据下文的内容,当我们都某些东西很感兴趣的时候,朋友却感到厌恶,那么友谊就不会进一步发展。所以选项C符合句意。（16）语义衔接、词义辨析。根据原文,这里应该指：我感觉/发现这一切都很无聊,选项C符合原文。sustain指维持,支撑。（17）语法、固定搭配。根据后面的谓语动词is可首先排除选项A和B。根据原文,这里指友谊的一个好处是...。（18）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据原文：友谊的好处之一是它提供了一个音板,在对我们自身的快乐做出回应时,使它们变得更伟大。（19）语义衔接、词义辨析。根据下文“likethesidesofanarch”可知这里应该选fortify加固、巩固。produce生产；yield产生；abuse滥用。（20）语义衔接、逻辑衔接。根据下文的security,reassurance可知填空处应填入意义相近的词。选项D符合。irritation恼火；silence沉默；suspicion怀疑。8.【答案】C【解析】考查固定搭配题。Hardly...when.…表示“一...就..”。句意：他刚一开始说话,

观众就打断了他。9.【答案】C【解析】考査独立主格结构。take的逻辑主语是weight，两者是被动关系，所以本题选C。10.【答案】D【解析】词义辨析题。fallbehind落后；fallout脱落；fallthrough失败；fallbackon求助于。句意：不用担心。如果这个办法没用的话,

我们还能求助于其它办法。11.【答案】D【解析】考查非限定性定语从句。which指代前面的整个句子,

对主句起附加说明的作用。句意：我两边的邻居都粉刷了他们的房子,

这使我的房子看起来比实际更破旧。12.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第二段的第四句“E-mailisconvenient,savestime,bringsusclosertooneanother,andhelpsusmanageourever-more-complexlives.”可知选项A正确。2.观点态度题。根据最后一段的倒数第二句“Ifweacceptthat....,prideofplace.”如果我们承认，创建全球范围的互联网是本世纪后半叶最重要的技术创新之一，那么我们就必须将电子邮件放在头等重要的位置，因为这是互联网上人与人之间联系的生动的体现。。由此可知作者对电子邮件态度是积极的。3.语义题。结合原文句意：如果我们承认，全球互联网的创建是本世纪后半叶最重要的技术创新之一，那么我们就必须将电子邮件放在头等重要的位置，因为这是互联网上人与人之间联系的生动的体现。prideofplace指头等重要的位置，选项C符合原文。4.细节事实题。根据第二段可知不仅仅是广告商，还艺术家，自由斗士，情侣以及敌人都用电子邮件，所以选项D错误。5.主旨大意题。本文主要主要围绕电子邮件讲述了其特点和作用，意在指出电子邮件是20世纪后半叶最重要的技术创新之一。所以选项A最能概括全文。13.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:A第4题:D第5题:D【解析】1.细节事实题。根据原文“Thegeneralpropertytaxisrigidandinflexible.”可知选项A正确；根据原文“Theyieldofthesalestaxincreaseswithincreasingproduction.”可知选项B符合原文；根据原文第一句“Therelationofthesalestaxtotheproblemofsocialbalanceisadmirablydirect.”可知选项C不正确；根据原文第二句“Thecommunityisrichinprivatelyproducedgoods.”可知选项D正确，所以本题选C。2.词义题。根据原文“...—bymakingprivategoodsmoreexpensive,thepublicgoodsaremademoreabundant.Motionpictures,electronicequipment,andcigarettesaremademorecostlysothatschoolscanbemorehandsomelysupported.”可知后面是对前面的论据列举的一个具体的例子。costly和expensive相对应，所以handsomely和abundant相对应。skillfully巧妙地,精巧地；generously慷慨地,大方地；earnestly认真地，诚挚地；easily容易地,无疑地。只有选项B符合原文。3.判断推理题。根据原文可知，这种直截了当的解决方案还有一个更大的优势，那就是各州甚至城市都可以公平高效地征收销售税。正是在这些政府提供的服务中，社会平衡的问题特别严重。作者着重强调的是socialbalance，而不是政府的服务。所以选项A正确。4.细节事实题。根据原文倒数二三句“Thegeneralpropertytax,theprincipalalternativetothesalestax,isrigidandinflexible.Sinceitsratesmustordinarilyberaisedforadditionalservices,...”可知选项D符合原文。5.主旨大意题。根据文章大意可知本文主要是讲营业税对社会平衡的作用和影响，所以选项D更符合原文。14.【答案】B【解析】考査虚拟语气。Itis/was+adj/n+that+主语+虚拟语气。that后面的从句用should+原形,

其中should可省略,

选项B就是省略了should的虚拟语气,

所以选B。15.【答案】C【解析】动词辨析题。forgo指放弃。句意：当他们的女儿决定放弃看电影而去上课时，父母感到非常高兴。选项C符合句意。16.【答案】A【解析】Implying暗示,

隐含；involving涉及,

包括；deducing推测；denoting指示,

表示。句意：我希望你不是在暗示我是通过不正当的手段获得这笔钱的。选项A符合句意。17.【答案】Inanysocialcommunity,educationisalwaysamirrorasthereflectionofthesociety.Throughthis,wecanhaveasightofourstrength,weakness,hope,prejudiceandthemajorvalueofourcountry.Havingpassedthroughfortyyears,people’sgreatimportanceoneducationprovesthatpeopleshouldprovidetheopportunitiestodeveloptheirabilitiesbutregardlessoftheirpersonalsituation.

18.【答案】B【解析】词义辨析题。Becauseof因为；Inspiteof

尽管,

虽然；Asto至于；Inviewof由于。句意：虽然事实是他最初的实验失败了,

但是White教授依然坚持他的研究。选项B符合句意。19.【答案】C【解析】atthecostof

以...为代价；onthevergeof濒临于,

接近于；asaresultof因此,

由于；forthesakeof为了。句意：人寿保险为被保者的家属提供经济保障,

以防止因养家糊口的人去世而造成的损失。选项C符合句意。20.【答案】C【解析】词组辨析题。gofor主张，拥护；counton指望，依靠；lookinto调查，观察；turnup出现,

发生。句意：政府正在对本城市的主要危险污染物进行调查。选项C符合句意。第2卷一.综合题(共20题)1.单选题Whilecrossingthemountainareas,allthemenhadgunsforprotectionlest（）bythelocalbandits.问题1选项A.beattackedB.wereattackedC.aretobeattackedD.wouldbeattacked2.单选题Idon’tthinkitis（）toreconstructthedestroyedforestecosysteminafewyears.问题1选项A.plausibleB.notableC.considerableD.feasible3.单选题Alltheinformationwehavecollectedinrelationtothatcase（）verylittle.问题1选项A.makesupforB.addsuptoC.comesupwithD.putsupwith4.单选题Withoutthefrictionbetweenthefeetandtheground,peoplewould（）beabletowalk.问题1选项A.innotimeB.byallmeansC.innowayD.onanyaccount5.单选题Yourimproperwordswillgive（）todoubtsconcerningyourtrueintentions.问题1选项A.riseB.reasonC.suspicionD.impulse6.单选题It’s（）intheregulationthatyoucantake20kilosofluggagewithyou.问题1选项A.laiduponB.laidoutC.laidupD.laiddown7.单选题TheestablishmentofEarthDaybeganwithanideaproposedinOctober1969byJohnMcConnell,aSanFranciscoresident.McConnellapproachedtheSanFranciscoBoardofSupervisorswitharesolutiontodevoteonedayayeartopublicawarenessdedicatedtonatureandtheweakecosystemthatmakesupit.Theday'seventswouldemphasizetheurgencyofallinhabitantsoftheplanettotakeresponsibilityforbuildingahealthyandecologicallysustainableplanetforthepresentandlongintothefuture.TheboardwasimpressedwithMcConnell'sideaanddeclaredEarthDayanannualcelebrationtobeheldonMarch21,thedateofthevernalequinox.McConnellstated“Thisisthemomentwhennightanddayareequalthroughouttheearth—remindingusofEarth'sbeautifulsystemofbalancewhichhumanityhaspartiallyupsetandmustrestore.”EarthdaywasestablishedasanationaldayofcelebrationintheUnitedStatesin1970andwasembracedbytheUnitedNationsin1971whenitdeclaredanEarthDayceremonytobeheldeachyearonthedayoftheMarchEquinox.WhenthefirstEarthDaywascelebratedintheUnitedStatesonApril22,1970,twentymillionparticipantsnationwidetookpartinteach-ins,streetdemonstrations,andworkshopsin2,000communitiesand12,000collegesandhighschoolcampuses.Themajorpublicconcernatthattimewasindustrialpollutionanditseffectontheairwebreathe,thewaterwedrink,andthehealthoftheplanetwaslivein.thosecelebrationsledtopowerfulpublicoutcriesforlegislationmandatingecologicallysoundenvironmentalpoliciesandrigidcontrolsonindustrialpollution.Overtheyears,theissuesofconcernhaveexpandedgreatlyintoaspectsofair,water,soil,andnoisepollution.Whetheritcomesfromvehicles,factories,agriculture,housing,orprivateproperty,publicconcernandactivismcontinueswithcitizensfromaroundtheworldinvolvedineffortstoachieveasustainableandenduringecosystem.EarthDayactivitiesaresupportedandsponsoredbyalargenetworkoforganizations,governmentagencies,businesses,universities,andinstitutions.TheyworkdiligentlyeachyeartomakeEarthdayeventsmeaningfulandrelevanttotheinhabitantsofPlanetEarth.Theregularobservanceofthisholidayfixesenvironmentalvaluesintothenationalconsciousnessandprovidesanopportunitytointroduceenvironmentalissuesintoschools,mediaandpublicevents.ItshouldbenotedthatEarthDayactivitieshavebeeninstrumentalinbringingaboutmanyofthesignificantenvironmentalchangesthathavetakenplaceinthelastthreedecades.1.Thispassageismainlyconcernedwith（）2.Accordingtothepassage,onMarch21,（）3.WhichofthefollowingdatesisdefinitelyaninternationalEarthDay?4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?5.Itcanbeconcludedthat（）问题1选项A.howtostartanationalholidayB.whentheEarthdaywasintroducedC.thereasonsforestablishingtheEarthDayD.theoriginandmovementoftheEarthDay问题2选项A.theboardacceptedtheproposalofMcConnellB.theUnitedNationsdeclaredanEarthDaycelebrationC.dayandnightareequallydividedthroughouttheworldD.theearthisatitsmostbeautifulmomentthroughouttheyear问题3选项A.October1,1969.B.March21,1970.C.April22,1970.D.March21,1972.问题4选项A.OnlycollegestudentsandscholarsparticipatedintheactivitiesonthefirstEarthDay.B.Themovementhasgrownfromconcernoverindustrialpollutiontoallkindsofenvironmentalpollution.C.Somepeoplecryfortheabandonmentofallvehiclesandagriculturebecauseoftheirpollution.D.Asustainableandenduringecosystemshouldbemaintainedatthecostofhousingandprivateproperty.问题5选项A.manyorganizationsandbusinessessuffervastlossesasaresultofEarthDaycampaignB.peoplehavelearnedtouseEarthDayactivitiesasinstrumenttoacquirewhattheywantC.supportersworkhardtomakethewholenationawareofEarthDayeventsbypublicizingtheminmediaD.EarthDayactivitieshavesucceededinchangingourenvironmentoverthepastyears8.单选题Accordingtoagrowingnumberofexperts,itisalreadytechnically（）toconstructapioneeringspacecolony,poweredbysolarenergy.问题1选项A.practicalB.flexibleC.feasibleD.beneficial9.翻译题PutthefollowingintoEnglish.

十九世纪末,中国开始举办师范教育。1949年中华人民共和国成立之后,在各级政府的关心和支持下,中国师范教育进入了前所未有的发展阶段。在科学技术迅猛发展的今天,振兴经济的希望在教育,教师队伍的数量和质量对教育发展具有决定性的影响。在中国这样一个拥有世界教师总量五分之一的庞大教师队伍的国家,人民教师的地位和作用直接关系到教育事业乃至整个国家的发展。师范教育(teachereducation)10.单选题Thephrase“meltingpot”hasbecomeassociatedwiththeAmericansociety,implyingthatmanyracialandethnicgroupshavebeenintegratedintooneculture.Scholarsdisagreeastowhatextentthisassimilationorintegrationhasactuallytakenplace.ManyofthemseetheAmericansocietyasa“saladbowl”,wherevariousgroupshaveremaineddistinctandseparatefromeachother,eventhoughtheyworkandliveinthesamesociety.Thereisnodoubtthatassimilationhastakenplace,especiallyamongthewhitesfromdifferentnationalitiesandreligiousbackgrounds;thedisagreementisonlyabouttowhatextentthisassimilationhasactuallytakenplace.Thescholarsarguethat“meltingplot”isaninaccuratedescriptionoftheAmericansociety.Letaloneothermoredistinctracesandethnicgroups,theypointtotheAmericanJewsasthegroupofwhiteswhohaveretainedtheirseparateness.ManyscholarsfeelthattheunwillingnessbytheJewishAmericanstoassimilatewiththeAmericansocietycomesmainlyfromcenturiesofpersecutioninEuropeancountries,someofwhichsurvivedandcamealongwithEuropeanChristianstoAmerica.Weakerformsofdiscriminationandanti-JewishfeelingsstillexistamongEuropeandescendents,makingitmoredifficultfortheJewstoassimilateintothemainstreamAmericanculture.Theirownculturalandreligiouspridealsoplaysimportantrolesinmaintainingtheirseparateness.Whatisinteresting,however,isthatJewishgroups,alongwiththeirseparateness,haveastrongsenseofbelongingtothelargerAmericancultureinwhichtheyhaveachievedsuccessinnearlyeveryfield.Infact,amongthegroupsthathaveretainedtheirnationalorethnicidentities,theJewishgroupsarethemostsuccessful,accordingtoanation-widesurvey.ManyJewsattributethissuccesstotheirseparateness,whichhaspreventedthemfromlosingvaluesthatcontributetotheirsuccess.1.Whatsentencewouldbestsummarizethispassage?2.TheEuropeandescendentswhomostlikelydiscriminateagainsttheAmericanJewsare（）3.ManyscholarsprefertodescribeAmericansocietyasa“saladbowl”becauseit（）4.TheauthorclaimsthatJewishgroupsretainmostoftheirculturalidentityand（）5.Accordingtothepassage,oneofthereasonswhytheJewshaveremainedmostlyseparateis（）问题1选项A.Americansocietyiseithera“meltingpot”ora“saladbowl”,dependingonwhoistalkingaboutit.B.JewishgroupshaveastrongsenseofidentityandrefusetoassimilatewithotherAmericans.C.ScholarsdisagreeabouttheextenttowhichassimilationofdifferentracesandethnicgroupshastakenplaceinAmericansociety.D.ThereisstillsomediscriminationandpersecutionofJewsinAmerica.问题2选项A.ChristiansB.scholarsC.capitalistsD.Catholics问题3选项A.showsculturalandreligiousdifferencesofvariousculturalgroupsB.showsthetogethernessandseparatenessofdifferentethnic,national,andracialgroupsC.ismorecolorfulandimaginativeD.ismoreprogressive问题4选项A.theirseparatenesspreventsthemfromachievingsuccessB.othergroupsdislikethemfortheirseparatenessfromthemainstreamAmericancultureC.alsothinkofthemselvesasbelongingtotheAmericancultureD.refusetocooperatewithotherculturalgroups问题5选项A.seeingnoadvantageinassimilatingB.lackofopportunitytoassimilateC.thefearoflosingtheiridentityD.theirprideintheirownculture11.单选题Doweneedlawsthatpreventusfromrunningriskswithourlives?Ifso,thenperhapslawsareneededprohibitingthesaleofcigarettesandalcoholicdrinks.Bothproductshavebeenknowntokillpeople.Thehazardsofdrinkingtoomuchalcoholareasbadasorworsethanthehazardsofsmokingtoomanycigarettes.Allrightthen,let’spassalawclosingtheliquorstoresandthebarsinthiscountry.Let’sputanendonceandforalltotheruinousdiseasefromwhichasmanyas10millionAmericanscurrentlysufferalcoholism.Butwait,we’vealreadytriedthat.For13years,between1920and1933,therewerenoliquorstoresanywhereintheUnitedStates.TheywereshutdownabolishedbyanamendmenttotheConstitution(the18th)andbyalawofCongress(theVolsteadAct).AfterJanuary20,1920,therewassupposedtobenomoremanufacturing,selling,ortransportingof“intoxicatingliquor”.Withoutanymoreliquor,peoplecouldnotdrinkit,andiftheydidnotdrinkit,howcouldtheygetdrunk?Therewouldbenomoredangerstothepublicwelfarefromdrunkennessandalcoholism.Itwasallverylogical.Andyetprohibitionofliquor,beer,andwinedidnotwork.Why?Because,lawornolaw,millionsofpeoplestilllikedtodrinkalcohol.Andtheywerewillingtotakerisksofgettingit.Theywerenotabouttochangetheirtastesandhabitsjustbecauseofachangeinthelaw.Andgangsofliquorsmugglersmadeiteasytobuyanillegaldrink.TheysmuggledmillionsofgallonsoftheoutlawedbeveragesacrosstheCanadianandMexicanboarders.DrinkerswereluckytoknowofanillegalbarthatservedMexicanorCanadianliquor.Crimeanddrunkennesswerebothsupposedtodeclineasaresultofprohibition;insteadpeopledrankmorealcoholthanever—oftenpoisonedalcohol.OnDecember5,1933,theyrepealedprohibitionbyratifyingthe21stAmendmenttotheConstitution.1.WhichofthefollowingwasNotacharacteristicreasonfortheproposalofthe18thAmendmenttotheConstitutionandtheVolsteadAct?2.Duringprohibition,illegalalcoholwas（）3.Whenenactingtheprohibitionlaws,people（）4.Whenenactingtheprohibitionlaws,governmentofficialsassumedthat（）5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）问题1选项A.Therewouldbenofurtherdangertothepublicfromalcoholism.B.Therewouldbeariseinthecostofalcoholicbeverages.C.Withoutliquor,peoplewouldnotdrink.D.Peoplewouldn’tbecomedrunkorcreateapublicnuisance.问题2选项A.soldopenlyB.nolongeratemptationC.amajorfactorinthepassageoftheVolsteadActD.broughtacrosstheMexicanandCanadianborders问题3选项A.livedinfearofthelawB.werewillingtoriskofarrestingforthep