牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册Unit 4 Looking GoodFeeling Good 复习教案

高一上册必修一英语教案Contents第四单元复习Teachingobjectives知识目标：学生能够掌握第四单元的词汇和语法2.技能目标：学生能够掌握定语从句的关系副词用法3.情感目标：学生精通时间关系副词在定于从句中的运用Keypoints,Difficultpoints1.定语从句2.关系副词和关系代词的使用区别Teachingprocedure：Ⅰ.Lead-in:名人名言1.Happinesslies，firstofall，inhealth. —G.W.Curtis快乐首先在于有健康的身体。 ——柯蒂斯2.Earlytobedandearlytorise，makesamanhealthy，wealthyandwise.—BenjaminFranklin早睡早起，使人健康、富有、明智。 ——本杰明·富兰克林3.Healthisbetterthanwealth. —Ray健康尤胜于财富。 ——雷4.Alightheartliveslong. —Shakespeare豁达者长寿。 ——莎士比亚Medicalresearchershaveprovedthatwhatpeopleeataffectstheirhealth.Theyadvisepeopletoeatmorefruitandvegetablesandlessmeat.Gettingridofbadhabitslikesmokinganddrinkingalcoholisalsoanimportantwaytokeephealthy.Smokinganddrinkingalcoholinjureone'shealthagreatdeal，andthereforeshouldbegivenup.美文欣赏Whatisbeauty？Iamsureeveryonehasparticularunderstanding，however，humanbeingshavecommonvalueaspectabouthowtodistinguish(辨别)beautifulthingsorpeoplesomehow.Yourbeautyisnotatruebeautyuntilyougettoknowwhatarealbeautymeans.Beingattractiveislikebeingrich—itcanhelpyoufindhappiness，butitdoesn'talwaysmakeyouhappy.Simplytrytobeaninterestingperson.Forinterestingpeoplehaveinterestingfaces，andinterestingfacesarealmostalwaysattractive.Thephysicalbeauty，forexampleyourskincolor，isnotstable(稳定的)forever，whilethesoulbeautywillliveforever.Beautyisingoodthingsthatyoudo.Yournicebehaviorwithothers，thewayyouunderstandaperson，thewayyoutrustaperson，thewayyouloveaperson，thewayyoucare，thewayyoushare，yourhonestyandyourself­confidencemakeyourpersonality(个性)sobeautiful.Onethingtoremember：Peoplewillforgetwhatyousay；peoplewillforgetwhatyoudo；buttheywillneverforgetwhatyoumakethemfeel.Tolivewonderfully，youhavetofeelwonderful！Itistruethatabeautifulwomanisadiamondbutatruthful，honestwomanisatreasure.AndfinallyIwouldliketosaythatthebeautifulpersonistheonewhodoesbeautifully，whosaysbeautifullyandwhofeelsbeautifullyandwhohelpsotherpeopletodothesame！【探索发现】1.Readthepassagecarefullyandthinkofasuitabletitleforit.WhatisBeauty？2.Howcanyoumakeyourpersonalitysobeautiful？Ishouldhavenicebehaviorwithothers，behonestandself­confident.3.Trytofindoutwhatbeautywillstayforeveraccordingtothetext.Itisnotthephysicalbeautybutthesoulbeautythatwillstayforever.Ⅱ.Languagepoints:根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1．concernn．担心；关心vt.使担忧；涉及；关系到→concernedadj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的2．effectn．效果，作用；影响→effectiveadj.有效的；生效的→effectivelyadv.有效地3．officialn．官员，要员adj.公务的，公职的；正式的，官方的→officiallyadv.正式地；官方地4．frightenv．使惊恐，吓唬→frightenedadj.害怕的，惊吓的，受吓的→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的；令人害怕的5．energyn．精力，活力→energeticadj.精力充沛的，充满活力的→energeticallyadv.精力充沛地6．immediateadj.立即的→immediatelyadv.立即，马上conj.一……就7．slightadj.轻微的→slightlyadv.稍微，略微8．stableadj.稳定的；稳重的→stablyadv.稳定地1．skipvt.&vi.不做(应做的事情等)；跳过，略过；跳绳，蹦蹦跳跳地走；快速转移①Thegirlswereskippingintheplayground. 跳绳，蹦蹦跳跳地走②Shedecidedtoskiptheafternoon'sclass. 不做(应做的事情等)③Youcanskipthenextchapterifyouhavecoveredthetopicinclass. 跳过，略过④Shekeptskippingfromonetopicofconversationtoanother. 快速转移2．faintadj.微弱的，微小的vi.昏厥①Hisbreathingbecamefaint. 微弱的②Thereisstillafainthopethatshemaybecured. 微小的③Suddenlythewomaninfrontofmefainted. 昏厥WordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)concentratevi.&vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；聚集；全神贯注(教材P45)Shetoldmeshehadtroubleconcentratinginclass.她告诉我她在课上注意力不集中。[例1]Ican'tconcentratewithallthatnoisegoingon.吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神。[例2]Weneedtoconcentrateresourcesonthemostrun­downareas.我们需要把资源集中用于最衰败的地区。【考试题型】翻译，语法填空[造句]我决定全力以赴找个住的地方。【答案】Idecidedtoconcentrateallmyeffortsonfindingsomewheretolive.[归纳拓展](1)concentrateon/upon(doing)sth. 专心(做)某事concentrateone'smind/attention/energy/effortson 集中注意力于；全力以赴于(2)concentrationn. 集中精力；专心[即学即练]单句语法填空①Youmustconcentrateyourattentionon(improve)yourEnglish.②Youshouldconcentrateyourmindfinishingthehomework.③TurnofftheTV，soyoucanconcentrateyourattentionyourhomework.【答案】improving/on或者upon/oneq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)concernedadj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的(教材P45)Healthexpertsareconcernedaboutthesefigures.健康专家对这些数字表示担忧。[例1]Shewasconcernedthatshemightmisstheturningandgetlost.她担心自己会因错过转弯的地方而迷路。[例2]Thoseconcernedparentsheldameeting.那些忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会。【考试题型】单选，语法填空,文章填空[造句]我担心她的安全。【答案】Iamconcernedfor/abouthersafety.[归纳拓展](1)concernn． 关心，关注；关系vt. 与……有关；使担忧concernoneselfabout/with 关心，担心(2)concernedadj. 关心的，担心的；有关的beconcernedabout/for 对……感到担心beconcernedwith 与……有关(3)concerningprep. 关于，有关[即学即练]单句语法填空①Herlatestdocumentaryis（concern）withyouthunemployment.②Theyshowgreatanxiety(concern)theirretirementallowance.③AsfarasIam(concern)，theyoungman'sdesignisn'tattractiveatall.【答案】concerned/concerning/concernedeq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)effectn．影响；效果，作用(教材P45)Theyareincreasingtheireffortstoeducateteenagersaboutthesideeffectsoflosingweighttooquickly.他们正在加大力度来教育青少年减肥过快的副作用。[例1]Theoveralleffectofthepaintingisoverwhelming.这幅画的总体效果气势磅礴。[例2]Thesuggestionswillsoonbeputintoeffect.这些建议即将付诸实施。【考试题型】翻译，语法填空[造句]新法令明日起生效。【答案】Thenewlawtakeseffectfromtomorrow.[归纳拓展](1)haveaneffecton＝haveaninfluenceon＝haveanimpacton 对……有影响put/oeffect 使某物开始使用ineffect 事实上；实际上takeeffect 生效；奏效comeintoeffect 开始实施；开始生效sideeffect 副作用(2)effectiveadj. 有效的(3)affectv. 影响；感动[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thegovernmentshouldtakesomeeffective(effect)measurestoreducepollution.②Thetwosystemsare，ineffect，thesame.③Violenceontelevisionhasabadeffectonthedevelopmentofchildren.【答案】effective/effect/aeq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)dietn．节食；日常饮食vi.节食；进行规定饮食(教材P45)Shepointedoutthatitisimportanttohaveahealthybalanceddiet...她指出有健康均衡的饮食很重要……[例1]Allyouneedisenoughsleepandabalanceddiet.你所需要的是充足的睡眠和均衡的饮食。[例2]You'reoverweight，andI'mgoingtoputyouonadiet.你的体重超重了，我要让你节食。【考试题型】翻译，语法填空[造句]医生建议他控制饮食减肥。【答案】Thedoctoradvisedhimtogoonadiettoloseweight.[归纳拓展]abalanceddiet 均衡的饮食beonadiet/goonadiet 控制饮食putsb.onadiet 使某人节食[明辨异同]diet，fooddiet指的是日常饮食或特定饮食，尤其指维持健康的定质定量的营养饮食。常用作可数名词，和a连用food是食物的总称。凡是可以充饥的有营养的东西都可以称作food，常作不可数名词；但表示食物的种类时为可数名词[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thegirlisadiet，hopingtobecomeslimmer.②Ireallyoughttogoondiet.I'veputonsomuchweightsinceIgaveupjogging.③Everypersonneedswaterandadietof(health)food.【答案】on/a/healthyeq\a\vs4\al(知识要点5)functionn．作用，功能，职能vi.起作用；正常工作，运转(教材P45)...teenagersarestillgrowingandtheirbodiesneedalotofnutritiontofunctionwell.……青少年还在成长，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能完全发挥功能。[例1]Thesofacanalsofunctionasabed.这沙发也可以当床用。[例2]Thefunctionofachairmanistoleadandcontrolthemeeting.主席的职责是主持会议。【考试题型】翻译，语法填空[造句]这台机器运转不正常。【答案】Thismachineisnotfunctioningproperly.[归纳拓展]functionas 担任……；起……作用performafunction 发挥功能specialfunction 特殊功能[即学即练]单句语法填空①SomeEnglishadverbsfunctionadjectives.②Heissearchingforawaytomakethismachineperformfunction.③Whenhermotherwasill，thegirlhadtofunctionbothcookandnurse.【答案】as/a/aseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点6)takein包括；摄入，吸收；欺骗；领会，理解；收留(教材P45)Iftheydonottakeinenoughfood，theymayfeelweakandgetilleasily.如果没有摄入足够的食物，他们可能会感到虚弱，且很容易生病。[例1]Thisisthetotalcostoftheholiday，takingeverythingin.这是假期的总费用，包括一切在内。[例2]Hewashomeless，sowetookhimin.他无家可归，所以我们收留了他。【考试题型】翻译，语法填空[造句]我不明白你在说什么。【答案】Idon'ttakeinwhatyouaretalkingabout.[归纳拓展]takeaway 拿开；拿走；解除，消除(痛苦等)takedown 拆掉；写下；记录takesth.apart 拆散，拆开takeon 呈现；雇用；承担takesb./sth.out 杀死；毁灭[即学即练]单句语法填空①Iamnottobetakeninbyyourlies.②Iwasgivensomepillstotakeawaythepain.③Aftertheheavyrain，thewillowstookonabrightergreen.【答案】in/away/oneq\a\vs4\al(知识要点7)frightenedadj.害怕的，受惊的，惊吓的(教材P47)IwasveryfrightenedwhenIwokeupinhospitallastThursday.上星期四当我在医院醒来时很害怕。[例1]Theyfrightenedtheoldladyintosigningthepaper.他们恐吓那位老太太，使她签了字据。[例2]Shewasfrightenedthattheplanewouldcrash.她害怕飞机会坠毁。【考试题型】翻译，语法填空[造句]我害怕天黑后独自一人走回家。【答案】I'mfrightenedofwalkinghomealoneafterdark.[归纳拓展](1)befrightenedof... 害怕……befrightenedat... 对……感到惊恐(2)frightenvt. 使惊恐，吓唬frightensb./sth.away 把……吓跑frighteno/outof(doing)sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事(3)frighteningadj. 令人恐惧的；令人害怕的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thenewswas(害怕）andtheywereall(害怕)②Thelittlechild(害怕)bythefiercedog.③Whenthechildheardthe(害怕)story，hebegantocry.④Hefrightenedmeinto(告诉)himwhathappened.①frightening/frightened②wasfrightened③frightening④tellingSentencePatterneq\a\vs4\al(重点句式)where引导定语从句(教材P45)Inasocietywherebeingthinisoftenseenasbeingbeautiful，teenagerssometimesturntoextrememethodstoslimdownquickly.在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。句式分析：这是一个复合句。wherebeingthinisoftenseenasbeingbeautiful是定语从句，修饰先行词society。[例1]ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.这是我两年前住过的房子。[例2]We'rejusttryingtoreachapointwherebothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.我们正努力达到一个双方能坐在一起谈一谈的状态。[造句]他为学习做准备的那段时间确实非常重要。Thestagewhereheispreparingforhisstudyisreallyimportant.[归纳拓展]当先行词为stage，case，situation，position，point等抽象地点名词，且定语从句中缺少状语时，用where引导定语从句。[翻译1]Atthattimewehadreachedastagewherewehadmoreblackreadersthanwhiteones(我们已到了黑人读者比白人读者还要多的阶段)．[翻译2]Studentsshouldtakepartinsomeactivitieswheretheycangainexperience(他们能获得经验的一些活动)．[即学即练]单句语法填空①It'shelpfultoputchildreninasituationwheretheymanageeverythingallbythemselves.②Youreachapointwheremedicinecan'thelp.长难句分析1．(教材P45)Inasocietywherebeingthinisoftenseenasbeingbeautiful，teenagerssometimesturntoextrememethodstoslimdownquickly.[分析]本句是一个主从复合句。where引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词society，其中动词­ing短语beingthin作定语从句的主语；asbeingbeautiful作主语补足语；主句中不定式短语toslimdownquickly作目的状语。[译文]在一个往往以瘦为美的社会里，青少年有时会借助极端的方法来快速减肥。2．(教材P45)It'snormalforteenagerstobeslightlyoverweightandthereisnoreasonwhytheyshouldbeworried.[分析]本句是一个并列复合句。and连接表示顺承关系的两个并列分句，第一个分句中it是形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语tobeslightlyoverweight，第二个分句中why引导的是一个限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason。[译文]青少年轻微超重是正常的，他们没有理由担心。教材对接高考教材高考1.Healthexpertsareconcernedaboutthesefigures.(2019·江苏卷)Hefeltconcernedabouthisillness.2.Theyareincreasingtheireffortstoeducateteenagersaboutthesideeffectsoflosingweighttooquickly.(2019·江苏卷)Favorablepoliciesareineffecttoencourageemployees'professionaldevelopment.3.IwasveryfrightenedwhenIwokeupinhospitallastThursday.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Hehadtriedtocoax(哄)thedogtohimbut，frightened，ithadrunoff.WordsAndPhrases知识要点8contributevi.&vt.促成，造成；捐献，捐助；是……的原因之一；增加，添加(教材P48)Noisepollutionandlightpollutioninbigcitiesmayalsocontributetosleepproblems.大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。[例1]Pollutionfromnearbyfactorieshasalsocontributedeq\a\vs4\al(totheproblem).来自附近工厂的污染也是造成这一问题的原因。[例2]TheSongDynastycontributedthreegreatinventionstoworldcivilization.宋朝为世界文明贡献出三大发明。【考试题型】翻译，单句语法填空[造句]他在这次谈话中几乎什么也没说。【答案】Hehadverylittletocontributetotheconversation.[归纳拓展](1)contribute...to... 把……贡献给……； 给……投/撰稿；把……捐赠给……contributeto 有助于；促成，起作用(2)contributionn. 贡献；捐款makeacontribution/contributionsto 对……做出贡献[即学即练]单句语法填空①HecontributedanarticleChinaDaily.②Hehasmadeagreat(contribute)toaspacedevelopmentprogram.③Sheoften(contribute)tosomemagazines.④Ihopeyoursuggestionswillcontributeto(solve)theproblem.【答案】①to②contributions③contributes④solving知识要点9intheshortterm从短期看(教材P48)Intheshortterm，peoplewithsleepproblemsoftenfeeltiredandhavetroubleconcentrating.从短期看，有睡眠问题的人经常感到疲倦，难以集中注意力。[例1]Intheshortterm，wewilllosemoney，butinthelongtermtheprofitswillbeverylarge.短期内我们会赔钱，但从长远看，利润将会是非常丰厚的。[例2]Intheshorttermitmightwork.在短期内，这个做法可能会奏效。【考试题型】翻译，单句语法填空[造句]就短期而言，这种药会对你起作用的。【答案】Thismedicinewillhaveaneffectonyouintheshortterm.[归纳拓展]inthelongterm 就长期而言intermsof... 就……来说；从……角度beongood/badtermswith... 和……关系好/不好cometotermswith(sb.) 与(某人)达成协议/妥协/和解[即学即练]单句语法填空①Protectingourenvironmentisverycostly，butinthelongterm，itwillbenefitthewholesociety.②Ihadnoideathatyouandhewereonsuchgoodterms(term)．【答案】①in②terms知识要点10attackn．发作；攻击；抨击vt.&vi.攻击；侵袭；抨击(教材P48)Inthelongterm，theymaybeatincreasedriskofhavingapoormemory，beingoverweightandsufferingaheartattack.从长期看，他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。[例1]Theterroristsmadeseveralattacks，buttheydidn'tsucceed.恐怖分子发起了几次袭击，但是没有得逞。[例2]Athiefmadeanattackon/againstawomaninthestreetyesterday.昨天一个小偷在街上袭击了一个女人。【考试题型】翻译，单句语法填空[造句]他醒来时，被告知，这个城市正在被攻击。【答案】Whenhewokeup，hewastoldthatthecitywasunderattack.[归纳拓展](1)attacksb.for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而责难某人beattackedwith 患/得(病)(2)makeanattackon/against 攻击；袭击；抨击underattack 遭到攻击；遭到抨击aheartattack 一次心脏病发作[即学即练]单句语法填空①Themanattackedhimaknife.②Itisadiseasethat(attack)thebrain.③ThenewspapersmadeattackonthePrimeMinisterbecauseofthenewlaw.【答案】①with②attacks③an知识要点11amountn．数量vi.合计；共计；接近(教材P49)Everyoneknowsthattheamountofqualitysleepthatwegetisimportanttous.每个人都知道高质量的睡眠对我们很重要。[例1]Agoodamountofsleepeverynightisalsoimportantforyourhealth.每晚充足的睡眠对你的健康也很重要。[例2]Everyday，weproducealargeamountofgarbage，whichisabigburdenforourearth.每天我们制造大量的垃圾，这对地球来说是一个沉重的负担。【考试题型】翻译，单句语法填空[造句]到目前为止大量的精力已经被投入到了这个工程上。【答案】Sofaralargeamountofenergyhasbeendevotedtotheproject.[归纳拓展]（1）eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(agreat/gooddealof,agreat/largeamountof,quitealittle))eq\a\vs4\al(＋不可数名词（作主语,时，谓语动词用单数；）)largeamountsof＋不可数名词（作主语时，谓语动词用复数）；（2）eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(inlarge/smallamounts大/少量地,agood/greatmany,alarge/great/goodnumberof,agoodfew/quiteafew))＋eq\a\vs4\al(可数名词复数,（作主语时，谓,语动词用复数）；)（3）eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(alotof＝lotsof,plentyof))＋eq\a\vs4\al(可数名词复数或不可数名词,（作主语时，谓语动词根据名词,确定）)。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thematerialscanbeproducedinlarge(amount)．②Alargeamountofmedicine(send)tothefloodstrickenareainthelastfewdays.③Alargenumberofbooks(steal)fromthelibraryyesterday.【答案】①amounts②hasbeensent③werestolen知识要点12inaddition此外(教材P50)Inaddition，MissEdwardssaysthesurgerymakesherlookunnaturalandthatsheisunabletomakecertainfacialexpressions.此外，爱德华兹小姐说，手术使她看起来不自然，而且她无法做出某些面部表情。[例1]Inaddition，mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.另外，大多数报纸上也几乎没有吸引大众读者的东西。[例2]Thereis，inaddition，onefurtherpointtomake.此外，还有一点要说。【考试题型】翻译，语法填空[造句]另外，你应该注意发音。【答案】Inaddition，youshouldpayattentiontoyourpronunciation.[归纳拓展](1)inaddition(相当于副词additionally)此外，除……之外(还)inadditionto(相当于介词，后加名词、代词、动名词)除……之外(还)(2)additionaladj.额外的[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thechargeforthedeliveryis(addition)．②ShecanspeakFrenchandJapanesein(add)toEnglish.③Inadditiontheschool，thevillagehasaclinic，whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.【答案】①additional②addition②to知识要点13liveupto达到，符合，不辜负(教材P53)Teenswhotrytocopythelooksoftheirfavouritestarsarefightingalosingbattle—thesestandardsaresimplyimpossibleformostofthepopulationtoliveupto.那些试图模仿他们最喜爱的明星形象的青少年们正在打一场无望取胜的仗，因为这些标准对于大多数人来说是根本不可能达到的。[例1]Wewillneverfailtoliveuptowhatourparentsexpectofus.我们决不辜负我们的父母对我们的期望。[例2]Saleshavenotliveduptoexpectationsthisyear.销售额今年还没有达到预期目标。【考试题型】翻译，单句语法填空[造句]他辜负了父母的期望。【答案】Hefailedtoliveuptohisparents'expectations.[归纳拓展]liveon 继续生存；继续存在；靠……生活livewith 容忍；忍受livea(n)．..life 过……的生活livethrough 经历……而幸存livebydoing 靠……为主[即学即练]单句语法填空①Forawholeweekwehadtolivefriedfishandchips.②Theoldmanlivesby(sell)newspaperseveryday.③Thepatientwillnotlivetonight.【答案】①on②selling③through知识要点14talentn．天资，天赋；天才；人才；特殊能力(教材P54)Everyonehastheirowntalents—youmaybegoodatpaintingorplayingthepiano，sotakeprideinthingsyoudowellinsteadofworryingaboutthingsyoucannotchange.每个人都有自己的特长——你可能擅长画画或弹钢琴，所以为自己擅长的事情感到自豪，而不要担心你不能改变的事情。[例1]ThecoachthinksIhavethetalenttobecomearealstar.教练认为我有成为明星的天赋。[例2]Hehadatalentforgettingwhathewanted.他很有天赋，能够心想事成。【考试题型】翻译，单句语法填空[造句]我哥哥在很小的时候就表现出音乐天赋。【答案】Mybrothershowedatalentformusicwhenhewasveryyoung.[归纳拓展](1)havethetalenttodosth. 有做某事的天赋haveatalentfor... 有……的天赋showatalentfor... 表现出……的才能(2)talentedadj. 有才能的；聪明的betalented/giftedin 在某方面有才能[即学即练]单句语法填空①AsfarasI'mconcerned，theyoungmanisa_________(talent)actor.②Sheisproudthatbothherchildrenhaveatalent________music.③Theyareusuallyhighlyeducated，talented_________artandaresensitive.【答案】①talented②for③inIII.Grammar关系副词的用法当先行词在定语从句中作状语时（定语从句完整），通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where,when和why。关系词先行词充当从句成分关系副词when时间时间状语where地点地点状语why原因原因状语（一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。(1)when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语。①IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.②Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.【跟踪典例】完成句子①I

will

never

forget

the

day

__________

I

spent

in

Chongqing.②I

will

never

forget

the

day

__________

I

first

cameto

Chongqing.【答案】①that/which/省略②when(2)where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语①ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.②ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.【跟踪典例】完成句子①This

is

the

factory

__________

I

worked

two

yearsago.

②This

is

the

factory

__________

I

visited

two

yearsago.

【答案】①where②that/which/省略注意：若先行词为表地点的抽象名词，如：point,stage,case,position,condition,atmosphere等，需要用where引导定语从句。①It

got

tothe

point

where

he

hadto

leave.②Describe

a

condition

where

youwouldexpect

it

to

fail.③Theboss

of

the

company

istrying

to

create

an

easy

atmosphere

where

his

employeesenjoy

their

work.

(3)why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语①Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.②Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.【跟踪典例】完成句子①Give

me

one

good

reason

__________

I

should

help

you.

②What

is

the

reason

___________

causes

the

difference?【答案】①why②that/which注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换。（when一般可用inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等替代；where一般可用inwhich,onwhich,atwhich,等替代；why可用forwhich替代）①Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,②Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.③Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhich./whereIwasborn.IV.Extendedreading阅读技能推理判断题——根据文章体裁和内容推断文章出处判断文章出处的题目应从文章的体裁和内容来着手。一般来说，报纸上的新闻前面会出现日期、地点或通讯社名称等；广告类文章因其格式特殊，容易辨认；产品说明类文章如器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会告知服用时间、次数、药量等；来自网络的文章一般比较新颖，时效性强。[典例]ManyofusloveJulybecauseit'sthemonthwhennature'sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia'sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.Ofthecommonberries，strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC，although，becauseoftheirseeds，raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein(蛋白质)，ironandzinc(notthatfruitshavemuchprotein)．Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants(抗氧化物质)．TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries(樱桃)，theyaresodeliciouswhocares？However，theyarerichinvitaminC．Whencombinedwithberriesorslicesofotherfruits，frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick，coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”．Forthispurpose，selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike，asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks，dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.Ifyouhaveajuicer，youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesofslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft­serve”creamydessert，tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren'sparty；theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.解题技巧：推理判断题的解题技巧即要牢记以下原则：(1)忠实原文原则：严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理，千万不要掺杂自己的主观想法或经验。(2)深层推断原则：如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复，那它就不是推论，也就不是正确答案。(3)全面分析原则：如果某个选项表达的内容虽在文中提到，但很片面或很不完整，那也不是正确答案。※Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Abiologytextbook. B．Ahealthmagazine.C．Aresearchpaper. D．Atravelbrochure.[分析]全文主要介绍了一些七月份成熟的果实以及这些果实的营养成分等，而这自然与健康饮食有关，介绍这类内容的文章应该是刊载在健康杂志上的。故选B项。[练习]请快速解答有关下面这篇文章出处的推理判断题：WhenIwasachildgrowingupinOhio，thebutterflieswouldsometimespassthroughontheirwaytoMexico.Anditwasawesometoseefootballfieldsfullofthem—andIwantedtorevisitthatonalargerscale.IknewIhadtogotoseethemigration(迁徙)inMexico.ButIwasonabudget.Ididn'twanttorentacarinMexicoortakeabustoValledeBravo，thestartingpointformostbutterflyadventures，soIcalledtheguysatTheMuddyBoot，travelexpertsinMexicowhocanmakealmostanythinghappenatareasonablerate.Andso，onJanuary2，IfoundmyselfinTheMuddyBootvan(面包车)，beingdrivenfortwohoursfromMexicoCitytoValledeBravo，alovelytownonavolcaniclakewhichisacentralpointforthebutterflyjourneys.Ibookedatwo­nightstayattheHotelRodavento，analleco­friendlyhotelwithindividualwoodenhousesspreadingthroughouttheforestandaroundalake.Thefirstsanctuary(保护区)IvisitedwasPiedraHerrada，apopulardestination，asitisonly40minutesawayfromValledeBravo.Theclimbupistiring.Itisadvisabletohireahorse.Butthehorsecannottakeyoualltheway，andthereissomehikinginthinair，soyoumustbepatient，drinkalotofwater，andbeinreasonablygoodshape.Thewalkismorethanworthitthough.AsIstruggledtocatchmybreath，Ilookedupandlostmybreathagain.Atfirstglance，thetreeshadturnedintodifferentshapes，butoncloserinspection，everyinchofthemwascoveredwithbutterflies.Afewflewthroughtheair(Mostofthemwerenotwarmenough)．Asthesunrose，theybegantocomealive.Soontheairwasfilledwithflyingbutterflies，transformingtheforestintosomethingmagicalandstraightoutofafairytale.※Whattypeofwritingisthetext?A．Anewsreport. B．Ascientificpaper.C．Atraveldiary. D．Acommercialad.C[本文作者以第一人称叙述了自己观看蝴蝶迁徙的起因、过程和结果，是一篇旅行日志，所以此题属于文章体裁及出处推理判断题，答案选C。]语法配套练习Dr．Rowan，______secretaryresignedtwoweeksago，hashadtodoallhisowntyping．A.whose B.ofwhom C.ofwhich D.whichAmongthemanydangers___sailorshavetoface,probablythegreatestofallisfog.            A.which B.what C.where D.whenMr.Smithownedthisoilpaintinguntiltheearly1990s，____hegaveittohisgrandson．A.which B.when C.where D.whoManylessonsarenowavailableonline，from______studentscanchooseforfree．A.whose B.which C.when D.whomAsachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,______isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.thatMyfriendshowedmeroundthetown,______wasverykindofhim.A.which B.that C.where D.itWhenIarrived，Bryantookmetoseethehouse______Iwouldbestaying.A.what B.when C.where D.whichThatevening，______Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater，Iendedupworkingverylate.A.that B.which C.what D.whenAsachild，Jackstudiedinavillageschool，______isnamedafterhisgrandfather.A.which B.where C.what D.thatWhenIarrived，Bryantookmetoseethehouse______Iwouldbestaying.A.what B.when C.where D.whichShebroughtwithherthreefriends，noneof______Ihadevermetbefore.A.them B.who C.whom D.theseIrefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething______wassomeoneelse'sfault.A.who B.that C.as D.whatTheprizewillgotothewriter______storyshowsthemostimagination.A.that B.which C.whose D.whatOppositeisSt.Paul'sChurch,______youcanhearsomelovelymusic.A.which

B.that

C.when

D.whereThelittleproblems______wemeetinourdailylivesmaybeinspirationsforgreatinventions．A.that B.as C.where D.whenThe

boss

of

the

company

is

trying

to

create

an

easy

atmosphere

__________

his

employees

enjoy

their

work．A.where B.which C.when D.whoMy

eldest

son,_______

work

takes

him

all

over

the

world,is

in

New

York

at

the

moment.A.that B.whose C.his D.whoIn

1963,the

UN

set

up

the

World

Food

Programme,one

of_____purposes

is

to

relieve

worldwide

starvation．A.which B.it's C.whose D.whomSheandherfamilybicycletowork,__________helpsthemkeepfit.A.which B.who C.as D.thatWehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.A.which B.what C.when D.thatTheirchildisatthestage________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.​A.why B.where C.which D.whatBetweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval，______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.A.when B.where C.that D.whichLifeislikealongrace______wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.why B.what C.that D.whereAsthesmallestchildofhisfamily,Alexisalwayslongingforthetime________heshouldbeabletobeindependent.A.which B.where C.whom D.whenCareofthesoulisagradualprocess______eventhesmalldetailsoflifeshouldbeconsidered.A.what B.inwhat C.which D.inwhichWe'llreachthesalestargetsinamonth

wesetatthebeginningoftheyear.A.which B.where C.when D.whatWehavelaunchedanotherman­madesatellite，______isannouncedintoday'snewspaper.A.that B.which C.who D.whatSelf-drivingisanarea_______Chinaandtherestoftheworldareonthesamestartingline.A.that B.where C.which D.whenAlotoflanguagelearning，______hasbeendiscovered，ishappeninginthefirstyearoflife，soparentsshouldtalkmuchtotheirchildrenduringthatperiod.A.as B.it C.which D.thisJuliewasgoodatGerman，FrenchandRussian，allof______shespokefluently.A.whoB.whom C.which D.thatKey:1-5AABBA6-10ACBAC11-15CBCDA16-20ABCAC21-25BADDD26-30ABBAC第四单元配套习题（中档难度）Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Runningischeap，easyandit'salways________(energy)．2．Risingtemperaturesarehavingharmfuleffects________atleastfivespeciesofrabbitsintheUS.3．________isknowntoyou，shehasn'tgotmarried.4．Shewantednochocolatebecauseshewason________diet.5．Somestudentsfoundithardtotake________whattheirteacherhadtaught，sotheyaskedhimtoexplainitagain.6．Parentsweretoo________(frighten)t