高考语法填空词性转换

语法填空一、题型介绍：200词左右，类型为，短文或对话,10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。二、步骤：

1.

通读全文，把握大意。（2min）1）对话：确定双方关系，谈话主题，情境，语气等2）短文：弄清该文体裁，话题，中心思想，结构。通读全文的目的是为了把握全文的大意，为下一步填空做好语义上的准备。因为语义决定着空白处应填一个什么样的词语并采用什么样的语法形式。在通读全文的过程中，为了准确地把握其大意，很有必要弄清文章的题材，体裁，中心思想，写作线索，篇章结构，段落层次，逻辑关系，词句理解等。这样有助于考生真正读懂文章大意，也有利于填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。2.

边读边填，先易后难，语义形式双管齐下3.

复读全文，检查答案。（一）Mum(putting

on

her

coat):

I’m

going

to

have

to

go

down

to

the

shop

for

more

bread.

Alan:

Why?

Mum:

I’m

not

sure

what

___61____(happen).

I

made

some

sandwiches

earlier

and

left

them

on

the

table

____62_____

I

went

to

answer

the

phone.

But

someone

must

have

taken

them

because

they’re

___63___(go).

Alan:

Oh,

it

must

have

been

Dad.

I’m

sure

he

was

in

the

kitchen___64____(early).

Mum:

No,

he

went

off

to

his

tennis

match

before

I

finished

___65____

them,

so

he

couldn’t

have

done

it.

____66______,

he

couldn’t

carry

a

plate

of

sandwiches

as

well

as

his

tennis

stuff,

so

I’m

sure

___67____

wasn’t

him.

Alan(opening

fridge

door):

Well,

it

wasn’t

me.

But

Mum,

look!

Are

these

your

sandwiches

here

on

the

bottom

shelf

of

___68____fridge?

Mum:

Are

they

there?

Oh,

my

goodness.

I

___69___

have

put

them

in

there

when

the

phone

rang.

Oh,

dear.

I

really

must

be

losing

my

___70____.

Now,

why

did

I

put

on

my

coat?61.

happened

62.

when

63.

gone

64.

earlier

65.

making

66.

Besides/Anyway

67.

it

68.

the

69.

must

70.

memory/mind（二）M:Hi,Mrs.Brown,thisisBillNelson,fromFlatRentalCompany.How’syourapartmentworkingoutforyou?W:Well,Mr.Nelson.That’s______Iwouldliketotalktoyouabout.Wouldyoumindtalkingtothepersonupstairsand_______(ask)himtokeephismusicdownatnight?M:Ohhh.Who?Me?W:Yes.Itthunderseverynight.Andisn’t______yourjobtotakecareofthesethings?M:Ijustcollect_____rent.W:Andtheairhere______(smell)!Isthereachemicalfactorynearby?M:No.It’sthefarm.Seethosehorses,pigsandsheeponthefarmnearbytheriver?Sothere’snothingIcandoaboutthat.W:Well,whataboutthat…noise?M:Whatnoise?Idon’thear________(something).W:There,thereitisagain.M:Oh,thatnoise.Iguessthatisfromtheguns.Soldiersaredoingtheirweeklydrills.W:Weekly?You_______(kid)!Can’tanythingbedoneaboutit?M:Certainly.I_______(protest),andtheseactivitiesshouldstop…withinthenextthreetofiveyears.W:Hey,younevertoldmeabouttheseproblems_______Isignedtherentalagreement!Stillexpectmetokeep______theagreement?Well,mylawyerwillseeyousoon.(三)OneSundaymorninginAugustIwenttolocalmusicfestival.IleftitearlybecauseIhadanappointment__1__(late)thatday.Myfriendswalkedmetothebusstopandwaitedwithme__2__thebusarrived.Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman__3__(sit)atthefront.He__4__(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.Hemustbe__5__(mental)disabled.Behindhimwereotherpeopleto__6__hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutes__7__walkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.Ididn’twanttobelaughedatfortalkingtohimbutIdidn’tlikeleavinghim__8__hisowneither.AfterawhileIrosefrommyseatandwalkedtothefrontofthebus.Isatnexttothemanandintroducedmyself.Wehad__9__amazingconversation.HegotoffthebusbeforemeandIfeltveryhappytherestofthewayhome.I’mgladImadeachoice.Itmade__10__ofusfeelgood..1.later2.until/till3.sitting4.waspretending5.mentally6.whom7.they8.on9.an10.both3）在形容词性物主代词后，或者在“冠词(+形容词)”后，用名词形式。如：[1]…theremainsdatefromthisperiodbecauseoftheir___38___(similar)tothosefoundelsewhere.解析：在形容词性物代词(their)后应当用名词，故填similarities。[2]Withthelargenumbersofstudents,the________(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.解析：在冠词后，要用名词，故填operation。4）修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词。[1]

AsIlooked___32___(close)atthisgirl,Ifountthat…解析：修饰动词looked，作状语，用副词，故填closely。[2]Theremustbesomething___40___(serious)wrongwithoursociety.解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong，作状语，用副词，故填seriously。[3]Singlesareflocking(涌向)totheInternet___33___(main)becausetheirbusylifestylesleavethemlittletime…解析：修饰because引导的原因状语从句，修饰整个句子，作状语，用副词，故填mainly。5）可能词义转换，与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un—,im—等，在词根后加—less等。[1]Peoplecertainlyhaveavarietyofreasonsforgoingbacktoschoolbutoneimportantthingtoknowis,noknowledgeis________(use).解析：作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知，作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”，故填useless。[2]Yourmistakecausedalotof________(necessary)workintheoffice.解析：在名词前作定语，仍用形容词形式；但根据句意可知，错误是引起不必要的麻烦事，故填unnecessary。课后习题：1.Hepushedandpulledwithallhis39(strong)tomoveit.2.Thoughnotsopopularasbefore,thecustomisstillobservedbypeopleinmanyplaces,especiallyTujiapeople,whoviewitasa34(necessary)tomarriageprocedure.3.Peoplearen’talwaysthosewhotheydeclaretobeintheironline39(describe)4.Polarbearsdependontheseaicefortheir36(survive).5.Butnothinghaspreparedthebearsforthedangerthat34(threat)theonlyhometheyknow.6.Polarbearsdependontheseaicefortheir36(survive)7.Tomostofus,friendshipsareconsidered33(importance)。8.withalongreadingassignmentisgiven,instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliarwith32_____(inform)inthereadingeveniftheydonotdiscussitinclassortakeanexamination.9.Themanrantohisson,knockedhimaway,hammeredthelittleboy'shandsintopulp(果浆汁)as33(punish).10.Butsomewherealongthelinetheylearntobe____36____(practice).11．Butthistypeofhousing,___33___(call)co-housing,isgaining___34___(popular)intheUnitedStates,too.12.Aco-housingcommunityhas___35___(private)ownedhousesandsharedland.13.33(tradition),itwasthewoman'sjobtocookfoodand34(set)thetable.14.Shetookmefromapoor,unhappycollegestudentand38(bring)meintoherworld;aworldofsmiles,loveand39(warm).15.WhileyourIQtellsyouhow36______(intelligence)youare,yourEQtellsyouhowwellyouuseyourintelligence.16.Itookoutmyguidebookinwhichtherewasalotofinformationaboutthecity'swell-knowntourist34(attract)andstartedtoread.17.Thankstothecampaign,public39(aware)ofagriculturalproductqualityandfoodsafetyhasbeenstrengthened.18.Soonthe"toy"turnsouttobeacommunicationdevicelostbyaliens,who__36__(desperate)wantitback.19.Onceagain,theotherfrogscriedathimandtoldhimtostopandjustallowhimselftodie.Hejumpedevenharderand37(final)madehimselfout.20.Singlesareflocking(涌向)totheInternet33becausetheirbusylifestylesleavethemlittletimetolookforasignificantother.21.AsfarasIamconcerned,my37(suggest)isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishdictionarywithineasyreach.22.Butsome__37__(put)forwardtheideathattheremainsdatefromthisperiodbecauseoftheir__38__(similar)tothosefoundelsewhere."23.Oftenthischildgrowsuptobefunny.Butarecentstudysawthingsquite38(difference).24.Duringthistimethefortunesofthewarwereso34(c