2019云南中考英语复习课件：第2部分-语法专题突破-专题8-第2节

语法专题(zhuāntí)突破第二(dìèr)部分专题(zhuāntí)八动词与动词短语第二节动词短语第一页，共40页。动词短语是云南中考的必考点，在单项填空和完形填空中考查短语辨析，在词组翻译中考查词义和拼写。会有变形(biànxíng)的情况，如在介词后(用v.－ing)、固定句型中(用todo或v.－ing),根据语意判断用名词单数或复数形式。中考考点·精讲题型单项填空(tiánkòng)、完形填空(tiánkòng)与词组翻译第二页，共40页。 考向1动词短语(duǎnyǔ)辨析动词短语(duǎnyǔ)辨析主要在单项填空和完形填空中考查短语(duǎnyǔ)辨析。近5年云南省卷、昆明、曲靖卷单项填空题每年必考1道。云南省卷考查了11次(单项填空5次，完形填空6次)，昆明卷考查了8次(单项填空5次，完形填空3次)，曲靖卷考查了9次(单项填空5次，完形填空4次)。具体如下：云南：2018·27题，45题(完形);2017·24题；2016·23题，38题(完形);2015·38题，44、50题(完形);2014·31题，41、46题(完形)昆明：2018·31题，41题(完形);2017·30题；2016·25题；2015·33题；2014·29题，41、46题(完形)第三页，共40页。曲靖：2018·34题，44题(完形);2017·30题，49题(完形);2016·29题，49题(完形);2015·48题，54题(完形);2014·33题此类试题旨在通过题干或微型语境考查考生(kǎoshēng)对上下文的理解、动词短语的不同搭配与识记。这就需要考生(kǎoshēng)在平时学习中多积累不同动词短语的意思。第四页，共40页。【方法点拨】第1步：由四个选项lookup“抬头看；查找”、looklike“看起来像”、lookafter“照顾(zhàogù)”、lookforward常与to连用，表示“盼望；期盼”可知此题考查look相关短语辨析；第2步：由空格后的“someinformation”可知选A。第五页，共40页。【方法点拨】第1步：由四个选项可知此题考查与from搭配的动词短语辨析，learn…from…“从……学到/了解到……”，protect…from…“保护……免受……”，save…from…“从……救出……”，stop…from…“阻止(zǔzhǐ)……去做……”；第2步：由句意“他的重病从来没有阻止(zǔzhǐ)他过有意义的、丰富多彩的生活”可知选D。第六页，共40页。☞中考(zhōnɡkǎo)回放1．(2018·曲靖34题)Whenthebestsingerinourclass____，everyoneshoutedwithexcitement.A．tookup B．putupC．showedup D．madeup2．(2017·云南24题)Tom,thebabyissleeping.Please____theradioabit.A．turnon B．turnoffC．turnup D．turndownCD第七页，共40页。3．(2017·昆明(kūnmínɡ)30题)Aswe____onournewjourney,weshouldn'tforgetwherewecamefrom.A．takeout B．setoutC．cutout D．blowout4．(2017·曲靖30题)TheideaoftheBeltandRoad____China,butitbelongstotheworld.A．comesfrom B．comesoutC．comesup D．comesbackBA第八页，共40页。5．(2016·云南23题)AslongasalltheChinesepeoplepulltogether,ourChinaDreamwill____.A．cometrue B．comeoutC．comeup D．comedown6．(2016·昆明(kūnmínɡ)25题)HightechnologyisusedinEURO2016to____thematchesarefairenoughinFrance.A．makeup B．makesureC．comeout D．comeoverAB第九页，共40页。7．(2016·曲靖29题)Severalearthquakeshave____aroundtheworldin2016.A．takencareof

B．takenplace C．takenarest

D．takenaway8．(2015·云南38题)Thevolunteers____manysignstoremindpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.A．puton

B．putup C．putdown

D．putoff9．(2015·云南29题)—Waiter,Iorderedbeefnoodles,butIcan'tseeanybeefinthenoodles!—____yourglassesandyoucanseethebeef.A．Putoff

B．Putup C．Puton

D．PutintoBBC第十页，共40页。10．(2015·昆明(kūnmínɡ)33题)Teachersencouragestudentstodevelopthehabitofreadinginorderto____.A．keepfreshinmind B．beslowinactionC．laughatothers D．complainaboutages11．(2015·曲靖48题)—Whendidyou____goingbikeridingasyourhobby?—Oneyearago.A．showup B．takeupC．makeup D．putupAB第十一页，共40页。12．(2014·云南31题)—Oh,dear!Yourroomisuntidy.—Sorry,Mom.I'll____.A．setitup B．cleanitupC．putitup D．lookitup13．(2014·昆明(kūnmínɡ)29题)Wearesupposedto____asolutiontostoppeoplefromlookingdownattheirmobilephoneswhiledrivingcars.A．comeupwith B．comefromC．comeout D．cometrueBA第十二页，共40页。14．(2014·曲靖33题)—Look!Thereissomefishleft.It'sawasteoffood.—Weshould____.A．putitout

B．sellitoutC．drinkitup

D．eatitupD第十三页，共40页。☞重点突破(tūpò)初中常见的动词短语总结：1．同一动词型come短语comeacross(偶然)遇见(或发现)comeback回来 comedown下来；落下comefrom来自 comein/into进来comeon快点；加油 comeover顺便来访comeout出版；发表；开花；发芽cometrue(希望、梦想等)实现第十四页，共40页。go短语goaway走开；离开 goback回到goby(时间)流逝 godown下降gooff熄灭；离开 goon继续goover仔细检查 gothrough通过goup上升；增长give短语giveaway赠送；分发 givein投降giveback还给；归还；恢复(huīfù)(健康等)givebirthto生(孩子);产生giveout分发；发出 giveup放弃第十五页，共40页。look短语lookafter照顾；照看 lookat看；朝……看lookaround环顾四周 lookfor寻找(xúnzhǎo)；寻求lookinto调查 looklike看起来像lookout当心 lookover(仔细)检查lookthrough浏览 lookdownupon瞧不起lookupto钦佩；仰慕；尊敬lookup(在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找lookoutof…往……外面看lookforwardto盼望；期待第十六页，共40页。put短语putaway把……收起来；储存……备用putdown写下；放下(fànɡxià) puton穿上；上演；增加putoff推迟；拖延 putout扑灭；熄灭putup张贴；搭建第十七页，共40页。take短语takeafter(在外貌、性格等方面)与(父母等)相像takeaction采取行动 takeaway拿走；带走takecareof照顾；照料 takecare当心；小心takedown取下 takeexercise做运动takein吸入；吞入(体内) takenotes做笔记takeout取出 takeplace发生takeoff脱下(衣服);(飞机等)起飞(qǐfēi)takepartin参加 taketurns轮流takeup占据(时间、空间);开始从事；拿起第十八页，共40页。turn短语turndown关小；拒绝 turnoff关闭turnon打开 turnout结果是turnup开大；调高2．同一介词(副词)型away短语giveaway赠送；捐赠 goaway走开putaway把……收起来；储存(chǔcún)……备用runaway逃跑；跑掉 takeaway拿走throwaway扔掉第十九页，共40页。down短语cutdown砍倒；削减 falldown落下；摔倒diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失liedown躺下 putdown记下(jìxià)；放下sitdown坐下 takedown拆除；记录turndown调低；关小；拒绝writedown写下；记下(jìxià)第二十页，共40页。on短语carryon坚持下去 callon拜访comeon来吧；赶快；加油concentrateon全神贯注；专心于dependon/upon依靠，依赖；取决于geton上车；相处；进展holdon等一等(别挂电话)keepon继续(jìxù)(进行) liveon以……为食passon传递 puton穿，戴上；上演tryon试穿 turnon打开第二十一页，共40页。out短语(duǎnyǔ)blowout吹灭 carryout执行；完成breakout(战争、火灾等)突然发生；爆发bringout使显现；使表现出checkout查明；离开 comeout出版；发表cutout切断 findout查明；发现；了解getout出去；离开 giveout分发；散发goout出去；熄灭 handout分发hangout闲逛 lookout留神；当心第二十二页，共40页。leaveout不包括；不提及；忽略pickout挑选；取出 pointout指出putout扑灭；熄灭(火) runout用完；耗尽setout出发(chūfā)；启程 takeout取出workout算出第二十三页，共40页。up短语bringup教育；培养；提出 callup给……打电话cheerup使振奋；使高兴(gāoxìng)起来cleanup(把……)打扫干净；(把……)收拾整齐cutup切碎 dressup穿上盛装；装扮eatup吃光；吃完 fixup修理；修补getup起床 giveup放弃growup成长；长大 hangup挂断电话hurryup赶快；快点 mixup混合在一起lookup(在词典、参考书等中)查阅；查找第二十四页，共40页。makeup编造；拼凑成；形成；组成；构成(gòuchéng)pickup捡起 putup张贴；搭建setup建立；创立；开办 showup出席；露面stayup不睡觉；熬夜 turnup开大(声音);出现takeup(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做useup用完；用光；耗尽 wakeup叫醒；醒来第二十五页，共40页。☞

活学巧练1．Mysisterisill.Ihaveto____herathome.A．lookat

B．lookupC．lookafter

D．lookfor2．Theroomwasdark,sosheaskedmeto____thelights.A．turnup

B．turndownC．turnoff

D．turnonCD第二十六页，共40页。3．—WangLinisaselfishfriend.Healways____firstassoonasthereissomedanger.—Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.A．throwsaway

B．runsawayC．movesaway

D．staysaway4．WhenJerrywentacrosstheroad,he____abag.Buthedidn'tknowwholostit.A．pickedup

B．putupC．tookup

D．turnedupBA第二十七页，共40页。5．—Youlookunhappy.Whathashappened?—Wehavewaitedforhoursinthecinema.However,thatfamousactorhasnever___.A．gotup

B．stayedupC．comeup

D．shownup6．Wemustvaluenaturalresourcesontheearth,becausesomeofthemcan'tbefoundifthey____.A．runout

B．dieout

C．putout

D．giveoutDA第二十八页，共40页。7．Don't____thepaper.Itcanbeusedagain.A．putaway

B．throwawayC．runaway

D．goaway8．—WhatwouldIdowhentheearthquakehappens,Dad?—Firstofall,it'simportantto____andstayinthecorneroftheroomtowaitforhelp.A．calmdown

B．putdownC．getdown

D．falldownBA第二十九页，共40页。9．HowIwishIcouldsleeplonger!However,Ihavetogettherebeforetheplane____.A．takesdown

B．goesoutC．takesoff

D．turnson10．Asstudents,weshouldn'tonly____themarks.Weshouldfocusonwhatwehavelearned.A．careabout

B．dreamaboutC．knowabout

D．worryaboutCA第三十页，共40页。 考向2动词词组翻译将下列句子中的汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当的形式(xíngshì)题型主要考查动词词组的翻译，考查词义和拼写。近5年云南省卷考查了7次，曲靖卷也考查了7次。具体如下：云南：2018·75题；2017·74题；2016·71、72题；2015·74题；2014·73、74题曲靖：2017·76题；2016·78、79题；2016·80题；2015·81、83题；2014·81题第三十一页，共40页。☞考题例析(2018·云南75题)Whenyou'relearninganewlanguage,youcan'tbeafraidto__________，otherwise,youwon'tgetveryfar.(出错)【方法点拨(diǎnbo)】第1步：由所给汉语意思和句子结构可知，空白处缺的是动词短语“出错”；第2步：由空前的“beafraidto”可知填动词原形。故填makemistakes。第三十二页，共40页。☞中考回放1．(2017·云南74题)Lifeisn'tabout_____________thestormtopass.It'saboutlearningtodanceintherain.(等候)2．(2017·曲靖76题)Insomecountries,you'resupposedto______________(握手(wòshǒu))withothersforthefirsttime.3．(2016·云南71题)It'srainingnow.Please________yourraincoatwhenyougoout.(穿上)4．(2016·云南72题)Scottandhiswifeusually____________morningnewspapersbeforebreakfast.(浏览)5．(2016·曲靖78题)Now,________(付费电视)isacceptedbymostpeople.waitingforshakehandsputonlookthroughpayTV第三十三页，共40页。6．(2016·曲靖79题)It'seasytouseelectronicproductswithtouchscreens.()7．(2016·曲靖80题)Thefoodonthetablemakesmymouthwater.Iwanttotryitatonce.()8．(2015·云南74题)Childrentoday____________theirparentstoomuch.Theyshouldlearnhowtolookafterthemselves.(依赖；依靠(yīkào))9．(2015·曲靖81题)—I'mreallysorryto____________(顶嘴)tomymother.—Youshouldlearntocontrolyourself.10．(2015·曲靖83题)OnJenny'stwelfthbirthday,she_________________________________________________________(许愿)andblewoutallthecandlesinonego.触摸(chùmō)/触屏让/使我流口水dependontalkbackmadeawish/madethewish/madethewishes/madewishes第三十四页，共40页。11．(2014·云南73题)Wecanenjoyfreshairwhenwe____________inthecountryside.(去钓鱼(diàoyú))12．(2014·云南74题)I'mtryingtosleep.Wouldyoumind_______________themusic?(调低)13．(2014·曲靖81题)—Excuseme,isthereapostofficenearhere?—Yes.Goalongthestreetandthen___________(向右转),youwill