高中英语Unit3Inventorsandinventions学业质量标准检测作业新人教版选修

/22/22/Unit3学业质量标准检测时间：120分钟，满分：150分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace？BA．Atalibrary. B．Atabookstore.C．Inaclassroom.2．What'sthewomanlookingfor？AA．Herpurse. B．Hermoney.C．Herbag.3．Wherearetheticketsmostprobably？AA．Inthewoman'spocket.B．Inthewoman'shandbag.C．Intheman'spocket.4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutthemovie？BA．It'sdisappointing. B．It'senjoyable.C．It'sthrilling.5．Howmuchdidthewomanpayforthecoat？BA．$40. B．$120.C．$200.第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whenwillthepartybeheld？AA．Today. B．Tomorrow.C．Thedayaftertomorrow.7．Who'sabletocometotheparty？BA．Kate. B．Mark.C．Lucy.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8．WhydidthewomancometoNewYork？CA．Toattendcollege. B．Forfurthereducation.C．Tofindwork.9．Wheredoesthewomanwanttoliveinafewyears？BA．Inabiggercity. B．Inasmallercity.C．Inherhometown.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．WhatdidDrunkinLovewinattheGrammy's？AA．BestR&BPerformance. B．BestSong.C．BestMusicandSinger.11．Who'sthesingerofthesongHappy？BA．Beyonce.B．PharrellWilliams.C．MirandaLambert.12．Whatwillthewomandotomorrow？BA．Walkinthepark. B．Playthepiano.C．BuysomeCDs.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．Wheredoesthewomanwanttospendthesummer？AA．Onheruncle'sfarm. B．InBeijing.C．InLondon.14．Wheredoesthewoman'smothercomefrom？BA．America. B．China.C．Britain.15．Whatdoesthewomancareaboutspendingherholiday？BA．Theplace. B．Theweather.C．Thecompanion.16．Whatwillthemandoforthesummermostprobably？CA．TraveltoLondon. B．Visithisfriends.C．Doapart-timejob.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Wheredoesthehotellie？BA．Inapalace. B．Inthecitycenter.C．Neararestaurant.18．Howmanyroomsdoesthehotelhave？AA．34. B．30.C．100.19．Whatisavailableinthehotel？CA．Freelaundry. B．Freeparking.C．Freewi-fi.20．Whatfoodcanpeoplehaveinthehotel？CA．Westernfood. B．Frenchfood.C．Indianfood.听力原文Text1W：Excuseme，isthisnovelavailable？Myfriendtoldmesheboughtithere.Sorry.ISorry.Isoldthelastcopyjustamomentago.Text2W：Didyouseemypurse，honey？TheoneIboughtlastweek.IrememberIputitonthebed.ButIcan'tfinditnow.M：Isn'tthatyourpurse?Text3W：Areouroperaticketsinyourpocket？Ican'tfindtheminmyhandbag.M：IrememberI'vegiventhemtoyou.Isawyouputtheminyourpocket.Theymustbethere.Text4M：Ireallylovethemovie.Whatdoyouthinkofit，Helen?W：Iloveit，too.Ihaven'tlaughedsohappilyforweeks.It'sagoodmovieforafamilytowatchtogether.Text5M：Youlooksmartinthiscoat.Howmuchdoesitcost?W：It'sareallygoodbargain.Thepricetagsaid200dollars.ButIgotitatafortypercentdiscount.Youcangetoneforyourgirlfriend.Itgoesonsaletoday.Text6W：Shouldn'tweinviteKatetothepartytonight?M：Idon'tthinkshe'llmakeit.W：Why？Isshebusywithanythingtoday?M：Shehasanimportantcontesttotakepartintomorrow.I'mafraidshe'llprepareforit.Bytheway，haveyouinvitedMark?W：Yes.Andhesaidhewouldcome.M：WhataboutLucy?W：She'stravellinginAustrianow.Shewon'treturnuntilthedayaftertomorrow.There'snowayshe'llmakeit.Text7M：SohowlonghaveyoubeenlivinginNewYorkCity?W：Icameherefiveyearsago.Howtimeflies！I'vebeenintheBigAppleforsuchalongtime.M：DidyoucometoNewYorkforyourfurthereducation?W：No.IcametoNewYorkafterIgraduatedfromcollege.Icameheretowork.M：Wheredidyoucomefromthen?W：Icamefromasmalltowninthesouth.Itwasnoteasytofindworkthere.SoIcametothisbigcity.M：Doyouenjoyworkinginthishotel?W：Verymuchso.Icanmeetpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.Ilovedealingwithdifferentpeople.M：Sowillyoukeepworkinghereinthefollowingyears?W：No.ThoughIlikeworkinghere，Idon'tlikethebusylifehere.I'llgotoasmallercityinacoupleofyears.Iwanttoliveamorerelaxinglifethere.M：Goodidea.Text8M：Areyoulisteningtothemorningnews，Lisa?W：No.I'mlisteningtoDrunkinLovebyBeyonceandJayZ．ItwontheGrammyAwardforBestR&BPerformance.M：Ilovethissong，too.Ilovetheirmusicverymuch.W：Yes.They'reaverypopularcoupleintheworld.Whoelse'smusicdoyoulikelisteningto?M：IalsolovePharrellWilliams'music.Ofallhissongs，IloveHappythemost.IjustwanttodanceeverytimeIlistentothesong.Doyoualsolikehismusic?W：Yes.ButIprefertolistentoMirandaLambert'smusic.IoftenlistentohersongswhenI'mtakingawalkinthepark.M：Ilovehersongs，too.IoftenlistentoLittleRedWagonbyher.Bytheway，doyouwanttogodowntowntomorrow?W：No.I'llpracticeplayingthepiano.Whydoyouask?M：IwanttobuysomenewCDs.Text9M：What'syourplanforthesummer，Lydia?W：Iplannedtospendamonthonmyuncle'sfarminthecountry.ButmymotherwantedmetogotoBeijing，China.M：WhydoesshewantyoutogotoBeijing？Doesshewanttotravelaroundthecitywithyou?W：No.MymotherisfromChina.ShewantstosendmetoBeijingtolivewithmygrandmother，hopingIwilllearntoappreciateChineseculture.M：Well，doyouwanttogotoBeijing?W：No.It'susuallyveryhotinsummerthere.Ijustwanttospendarelaxingsummeratmyuncle's.M：Sowhatwillyoudo?W：IguessI'lltellmymotherthatI'llgotoBeijinginthefall.It'susuallyverycomfortableinBeijingthen.M：Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.W：Sowhat'syourplanforthesummer?M：I'veplannedtogotoLondonwithsomefriends.Butthey'renotgoing.SoI'lljuststayinLosAngelesanddosomepart-timework.Text10WelcometoHotelPeacePalace.HotelPeacePalacewasestablishedintheyear2,000.Ourhotelislocatedinthecentreofourcity.HotelPeacePalaceisabusinessclasshotel.Ithasarestaurant，abarandaparkinglot.Italsohasabeautifulgardenbehindit.Altogether，thehotelhas34neatandcleanrooms.AlltheroomsareequippedwithTVsets，telephones,24-hourhotandcoldwater.Eachroomhasabathroom.Ourhotelalsohas2largehallsforpartiesandconferences.Theycanhold30to100guestswithfreewi-fiservice.Thehotelalsohasabusinesscenterthatprovidesphotography，fax，desktops，printing.Ifyouwanttoeatattherestaurantinourhotel，youcanchoosefromIndian，Chinese，andNepalifoodswithhighlytrainedfriendlyandhelpfulstaff.Ourhotelalsodoescateringserviceondifferentoccasions.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)TheLakeDistrictAttractionsGuideDalemainHistory,Culture&Landscape(景观).Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.OwnedbytheHasellfamilysince1679,hometotheInternationalMarmaladeFestival.Giftsandantiques,plantsales,museums&MediaevalHallTearoom.Open：29Mar-29Oct，SuntoThurs.Tearoom，Gardens&GiftShop：10：30－17：00(16.00inOct)．House：11：15－16：00(15：00inOct)Town:PooleyBridge&PenrithAbbotHallartGallery&MuseumThoseviewingthequalityofAbbotHall'stemporaryexhibitionsmaybeforgivenforthinkingtheyareinacitygallery.TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.Open:MontoSatandSummerSundays.10：30－17：00Sumner.10：30－16：00Winter.Town：KendalTullieHouseMuseum&ArtGalleryDiscover,exploreandenjoyaward-winningTullieHouse,wherehistoriccollections,contemporaryartandfamilyfunarebroughttogetherinoneimpressivemuseumandartgallery.Therearefourfantasticgalleriestovisitfromfinearttointeractivefun,sothere'ssomethingforeveryone!Open:HighSeason1Apr-31Oct:MontoSat10：00－17：00,Sun11：00－17：00.LowSeason1Nov－31Mar:MontoSat10：00－16：30,Sun12：00－16：30.Town:CarlisleDoveCottage&ThewordsworthMuseumDiscoverWilliamWordsworth'sinspirationalhome.TakeatourofhisLakelandcottage,walkthroughhishillsidegardenandexploretherichesofthecollectionintheMuseum.Visittheshopandrelaxinthecafé.Exhibitions,eventsandfamilyactivitiesthroughouttheyear.Open:Daily,09：30–17：30(lastadmission17：00)．Town:Grasmere文章大意：本文是应用文。是湖区景点指南，介绍了几个主要的景点的特色，地点和参观时间。21．WhenistheHouseatDalemainMansion&HistoricGardensopenonSundaysinJuly？CA．09：30－17：30. B．10：30－16：00.C．11：15－16：00. D．12：00－16：30解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的DalemainMansion&HistoricGardens可知定位在第一部分，根据段中的House：11：15－16：00可知，在7月周日的参观时间是11：15－16：00。C.11：15－16：00.符合以上说法，故选C项。22．WhatcanvisitorsdoatAbbotHallArtGallery&Museum？AA．EnjoyRonney'sworks.B．Havesomeinteractivefun.C．Attendafamousfestival.D．Learnthehistoryofafamily解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的AbbotHallArtGallery&Museum可知答案定位在第二部分，根据其中的TheimpressivepermanentcollectionincludesTurnersandRomneysandthetemporaryexhibitionprogrammehasCanalettoandtheartistsfromStIves.(令人印象深刻的永久性收藏包括特纳和罗姆尼，临时展览计划有卡纳莱托和来自圣艾夫斯的艺术家)可知，在这个博物馆可以欣赏到Romneys的作品。A.EnjoyRomney'sworks.(欣赏Romneys的作品)符合以上说法，故选A项。23．WhereshouldvisitorsgoiftheywanttoexploreWordsworth'slife？DA．Penrith. B．Kendal.C．Carlisle. D．Grasmere.解析：细节理解题。根据题干中的exploreWordsworth'slife可知答案定位在最后一部分第一句，以及最后一行Town:Grasmere可知，如果想了解Wordsworth's的生活，可以去Grasmere。D.Grasmere.符合以上说法，故选D项。BReportstellusthatAmericansworkmoreandvacationlessthanpeopleinothermajorindustrialcountries.Still,millionsofAmericansdotrytogetawayfromhomeforaweekortwointhesummermonths.Somemightevenhavetimeandmoneytospendlongeronvacation.Forexample,manyretiredAmericanscanbefounddrivingaroundtheUnitedStatesinbigrecreationalvehicles,knownasR．V.'s.Theseserveasahomeawayfromhome.Infact,itmightevenbetheironlyhomeastheyseethecountry.SomeAmericanfamiliesgetintheircarsanddrivetohistoricplaceslikeColonialWilliamsburginVirginia.There,theycanexperiencewhatlifewaslikeforearlyAmericans.Ifthatisnotexcitingenough,alsoinWilliamsburgisawaterparkandanamusementparkwithrides.OtherAmericansvisitnationalparkslikeYellowstoneorYosemiteoutintheWest.Theywanttospendtimewithnature.Ortheytaketheirvacationbyalakeortheocean.Theymightswimorfish.Butmanyjustwanttositandenjoythefeelingofdoingnothing,exceptmaybereadabook.Somefamiliesflytoothercountriesonvacation.Ortheygoonacruiseship(大型游轮)andstopindifferentports.Cruiseshipsarelikefloatingcities.Butnoteveryonegoessomeplacespecialonvacation.Thismightbetheonlytimeforpeopletoworkonthingslikehomeimprovementprojects.Andwhiletheydothat,theymightthinkofallthefuntheirfriendsarehaving.文章大意：本文讲述了美国人比其他工业城市的人工作时间多，而休息时间少。当他们休息时，大部分家庭会选择在暑假离开家出去旅游一两周，甚至更长的时间，通过不同的方式去各个地方感受不一样的旅行快乐。24．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？BA．AmericansWorkMoreandVacationLessB．WhereAmericansGoonTheirSummerVacationsC．DifferentPlacesforSummerVacationsD．NotAllAmericansTakeSummerVacations解析：标题归纳题。本文介绍了在暑假，美国人会花费一两周，甚至更长的时间离开家出去旅游，他们旅游的方式和地点很多，如一些人驾车环游美国、一些人去历史悠久的地方，还有一些人利用假期接近大自然，由此可推断出B项“美国人夏季去哪度假”作为文章标题最佳。故选B项。25．Ifyouwanttospendtimewithnature,youcandothefollowingthingsexceptD.A．tovisitnationalparks B．toseethecountryC．tostaybyalake D．tovisithistoricplaces解析：细节理解题。根据文章第四段“OtherAmericansvisitnationalparkslikeYellowstone...Ortheytaketheirvacationbyalakeortheocean...maybereadabook.”可知，如果想接近自然，你可以去参观国家公园，或待在湖边或去海边玩耍，甚至可以读书。而tovisithistoricplaces只是能让人们感受到早期的美国生活，不属于接近自然。故选D项。26．WhichofthefollowingisFalse？CA．Peoplechoosedifferentdestinationsdependingondifferentinterests.B．PeopleinterestedinhistorycanhavefuninColonialWilliamsburg.C．Allthepeopletakevacationsonlytodonothingbutrelaxthemselves.D．NotallAmericanscanaffordtimeandmoneytogoonavacation.解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Butnoteveryonegoessomeplacespecialonvacation.Thismightbetheonlytimeforpeopletoworkonthingslikehomeimprovementprojects.”可知，并不是每个美国人都会在假期放松自己去各个地方旅游，有些人也许只有在假期才能进行他们的家庭改进工作。C项中的Allthepeople和only用词过于绝对，C项表述错误，故为答案。27．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceofthepassagemean？DA．Theyfullyenjoydoingtheirworkonhomeimprovementprojects.B．Theythinkoftheirworkathomeasaspecialkindofvacation.C．Theycanimaginewhatfuntheirfriendsarehavingonvacation.D．Theymightenvytheirfriendshavingtimegoingonvacation.解析：句意猜测题。根据文章最后一段的描述可知，有的美国人会利用假期做家庭改进的工作，而这些人是不能出去旅游的，由此可推断出画线句表达的是他们可能会羡慕他们的朋友有时间出去旅游。故选D项。C“Themomentbeforetheycalledmyname,Iwasreallynervousbecausetheotherfinalists'presentationsarereallygoodandIthoughttheywouldwin,”KaraFan,14,whohaswonAmerica'sTopYoungScientist,toldYahooFinance.“Whentheyannouncedmyname,Iwasreallysurprisedactually.”Towinthatclaim,Fan'snano-particleliquidbandagehadtosurpasstheexperimentsofhundredsoffifthtoeighthgradersaswellasnineotherfinalists.FanstarteddevelopingherliquidbandageinApril2019tofighttheoveruseofantibiotics(抗生素)．AccordingtotheCDC,roughly2millionpeopleeveryyearsufferabacterialinfectionintheU．S.andabout23,000passedawayasaresult.Ifleftalone,aUNstudyreported,drug-resistantdiseasesorthe“superbug”couldleadto10milliondeathsacrosstheglobeby2050.WhenFan'ssprayablebandagedriesonaperson'sskin,itcreatesathinlayerthatprotectsthewoundedareawhilebreakingthecellwallandkillingthebacteriaontheskin.Afterexperimentingwithcoppernitrate(硝酸铜)tofightbacteria,switchingtothesilvernitrateendedupbeingthemajorcatalyst(催化剂)toseeingresultsforheraward-winningproject.“Thousandsofyearsago,ancientpeoplewouldusecopperandsilvertoeatwithandtheywoulddrinkwaterfromlikecopperbowlstokillbacteria,”Fanexplained.“Ifoundoutthatitdidn'twork.SoIusednanosilver.”SirAlexanderFleming'sdiscoveryofpenicillin—atypeofantibiotic—isFan'sfavoritescientificdiscovery.Thatsaid,shedoesn'tthinkhumansshouldrelytooheavilyonpenicillin.FollowingheryearsatWestviewHighSchool,FanhopestocontinueherbiologytrackatStanfordUniversity.Alongwiththe$25,000cashprizeshewononOctober29,becomingAmer-ica'sTopYoungScientistmayhelpgettheprivateuniversity'sattention.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国最佳青年科学家奖的卡拉·范发明液体绷带的故事。28．HowdidKaraFanfeelaboutherwinningtheprize？DA．Confident. B．Regretful.C．Proud. D．Unexpected.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whentheyannouncedmyname,Iwasreallysurprisedactually.”可知，卡拉·范说：“当他们宣布我的名字时，我真的很惊讶”，由此可知，卡拉·范对自己的获奖感到很意外，故D项正确。29．ForwhatpurposedidFandevelopherliquidbandage？AA．Tofightoveruseofantibiotics.B．Toenteranationalcontest.C．Toreducedeathsfrominjuries.D．Togetintoagooduniversity.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“FanstarteddevelopingherliquidbandageinApril2019tofighttheoveruseofantibiotics”可知，卡拉·范于2019年4月开始发明液体绷带，以对抗抗生素的过度使用，故A项正确。30．WhichofthefollowingdoesFanusetokillbacteria？DA．Coppernitrate. B．Copper.C．Silver. D．Nanosilver.解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Thousandsofyearsago,ancientpeoplewouldusecopperandsilvertoeatwithandtheywoulddrinkwaterfromlikecopperbowlstokillbacteria,”Fanexplained.“Ifoundoutthatitdidn'twork.SoIusednanosilver.”可知，范解释说：“几千年前，古人会用铜和银吃饭，他们会喝铜碗里的水来杀灭细菌。”，但我发现这不起作用，所以我用了纳米银(来杀菌)，故D项正确。31．WhatmightbeFan'sopinionaboutpenicillin？BA．Addictive. B．Valuable.C．Useless. D．Irreplaceable.解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“SirAlexanderFleming'sdiscoveryofpenicillin—atypeofantibiotic—isFan'sfavoritescientificdiscovery.”可知，亚历山大弗莱明发现的青霉素是范最喜欢的科学发现，由此可知，范认为青霉素是有价值的，故B项正确。D(2020·新高考江苏卷)Forthosewhocanstomachit，workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst,accordingtoastudyofmealtimingandphysicalactivity.Athletesandscientistshavelongknownthatmealtimingaffectsperformance.However,farlesshasbeenknownabouthowmealtimingandexercisemightaffectgeneralhealth.Tofindout,Britishscientistsconductedastudy.Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesare,forbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.Theytestedthemen'sfitnessandrestingmetabolic(新陈代谢的)ratesandtooksamples(样品)oftheirbloodandfattissue.Then,ontwoseparatemorningvisitstothescientists'lab,eachmanwalkedforanhouratanaveragespeedthat,intheoryshouldallowhisbodytorelymainlyonfatforfuel.Beforeoneoftheseworkouts,themenskippedbreakfast,meaningthattheyexercisedonacompletelyemptystomachafteralongovernightfast(禁食).Ontheotheroccasion,theyatearichmorningmealabouttwohoursbeforetheystartedwalking.Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout,thescientiststookadditionalsamplesofthemen'sbloodandfattissue.Thentheycomparedthesamples.Therewereconsiderabledifferences.Mostobviously,themendisplayedlowerbloodsugarlevelsatthestartoftheirworkoutswhentheyhadskippedbreakfastthanwhentheyhadeaten.Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.Butitwastheeffectsdeepwithinthefatcellsthatmayhavebeenthemostsignificant,theresearchersfound.Multiplegenesbehaveddifferently,dependingonwhethersomeonehadeatenornotbeforewalking.Manyofthesegenesproduceproteins(蛋白质)thatcanimprovebloodsugarregulationandinsulin(胰岛素)levelsthroughoutthebodyandsoareassociatedwithimprovedmetabolichealth.Thesegenesweremuchmoreactivewhenthemenhadfastedbeforeexercisethanwhentheyhadbreakfasted.Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.文章大意：本文是说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，结果表明对于那些能忍受的人来说，不吃早餐锻炼可能对健康更有益。32．Theunderlinedexpression“stomachit”inParagraph1mostprobablymeans“B”．A．digestthemealeasilyB．managewithoutbreakfastC．decidewiselywhattoeatD．eatwhateverisoffered解析：词句猜测题。根据下文“workingoutbeforebreakfastmaybemorebeneficialforhealththaneatingfirst”可知，早餐前锻炼可能比先吃饭再锻炼对健康更有益，因此推断这里说的是那些不吃早饭先锻炼的人，因此推断划线词与B项“不吃早饭能应付”意思相近。故选B。33．Whywerethe10peoplechosenfortheexperiment？AA．Theirlifestylesweretypicalofordinarypeople.B．Theirlackofexerciseledtooverweight.C．Theycouldwalkatanaveragespeed.D．Theyhadslowmetabolicrates.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Theyfirstfound10overweightandinactivebutotherwisehealthyyoungmen,whoselifestylesarefarbetterandworse,representativeofthoseofmostofus.”可知，他们首先找到了10个超重的，不活跃但健康的年轻人，他们的生活方式可以说更好，也可以说更糟，代表了我们大多数人。因此可知，实验时选择的10个人的生活方式代表了普通人。故选A。34．Whathappenedtothosewhoatebreakfastbeforeexercise？BA．Theysuccessfullylostweight.B．Theyconsumedabitmorecalories.C．Theyburnedmorefatonaverage.D．Theydisplayedhigherinsulinlevels.解析：细节理解题。根据第六段的“Asaresult,theyburnedmorefatduringwalksonanemptystomachthanwhentheyhadeatenfirst.Ontheotherhand,theyburnedslightlymorecalories(卡路里),onaverage,duringtheworkoutafterbreakfastthanafterfasting.”可知，结果，他们空腹散步时燃烧的脂肪比他们首先吃东西时所燃烧的脂肪要多。另一方面。平均而言，他们在早餐后锻炼时燃烧的卡路里略多于禁食后。因此可知，锻炼前吃早饭消耗更多一点的热量。故选B。35．Whatcouldbelearnedfromtheresearch？DA．Aworkoutafterbreakfastimprovesgeneperformances.B．Toomuchworkoutoftenslowsmetabolicrates.C．Lifestyleisnotasimportantasmorningexercise.D．Physicalexercisebeforebreakfastisbetterforhealth.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theimplicationoftheseresultsisthattogainthegreatesthealthbenefitsfromexercise,itmaybewisetoskipeatingfirst.”可知，这些结果暗示，为了从运动中获得最大的健康益处，先不吃东西可能更明智。因此推断早饭前的体育锻炼对健康更有益。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)AFewTipsforSelf-AcceptanceWeallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.36.BHere'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.●37.FDonotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown；youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.38.DYouwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?“Thatdidn'tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest.”●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.39.C●Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.40.ATurntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?A．Feelingupsetagain?B．Wheredoyoustart?C．Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.D．Remember,youareonlyhuman.E．Setanintentionforself-acceptance.F．Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.G．Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。解析：36．根据题目“AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance”及下文的“Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)”可知，选项B.Wheredoyoustart?(从哪里开始呢？)最合下文语境，故选B项。37．根据下文“Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyoneinthisworld.(你是否希望最终你会因为自己的生活比他们的好而感到有力量？要知道，你的生活是你自己的；你在这个世界上是独一无二的。)”可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.(停止把自己和别人进行比较。)可以作为本段中心句，故选F项。38．根据本文的中心句“Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.(原谅自己所犯的错误。)”及下文的“Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.(你会一次又一次地犯错误。)”可知，选项D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.(记住，你只是个人。)与上下文衔接最好，故选D项。39．根据上文“Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)”可知，选项C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好，故选C项。40．结合上文“Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.(用语言来解释为什么你觉得自己不值得，为什么你觉得自己不够好。现在，自己读一下这些话。)”和下文的“Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?(翻到你日记本上记下你的优点和成就的那页。看到你有多棒了吗？)”可知，选项A.Feelingupsetagain？(再次感觉心烦意乱了吗？)最合上下文语境，故选A项。第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节；满分30分)第一节：完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2020·山东枣庄高三模拟)WhenyouwalkthroughthedoorsofMortonPlantHospitalonanearlyTuesdayafternoon，you'llbegreetedbythecomfortingvoiceofMaryEllenOwens.Owens,whoisnow98,started41.Aatthehospitalafterherhusbanddiednearly20yearsago.“Myhusbandwasa(n)42.Chere,offandonforaboutsixweeksoverfouryears,”she43.D.“Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.”Toshowher44.B，Owenswantedtogivebackinabigway.“Idon'thaveseveralmilliondollars,butIcangivemy45.D，”shesaid.Owensisapproaching7,000hoursinvolunteertime.“Iusedtogivethreedaysaweek，”shesaid.“NowI'm46.A.SoIdon'tgetaroundasmuchasI47.C，soIonlygiveonedayaweek.”Togettoherweeklyfour-hour48.D，Owensreceivesaridefromavolunteerwhoshenowcallsherfriend.“Every49.D，Richardpicksmeupfrommyhomeandbringsmehere,”shesaid.“Idon'tbelievepeopleofmyageshouldbe50.B.”Inheryoungeryears,OwensusedtowalkupanddownthefashionrunwaysinNewYorkCityandRichmond,Virginia.Shealsohada(n)51.Dtobeinthe1939filmclassicGonewiththeWind.Becauseshehadotherworkatthetime,however,Owens52.Atoturnitdown.“WhatIdidn'tdoinmylifeismore53.BthanwhatI'vedone”，shelaughs.54.Ashe'sinhergoldenyears,Owensplanstocontinuetoliveherlifewith55.Cbygreetingeachpatientwithasmile.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了现年98岁的欧文斯的早年经历以及她在医院做志愿者的故事。41．A．volunteering B．trainingC．working D．nursing解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者。A.volunteering志愿者；B.training培训；C.working工作；D.nursing护理。根据下文中的“Owensisapproaching7,000hoursinvolunteertime.”可知，欧文斯在医院做志愿者，故A项正确。42．A．doctor B．expertC．patient D．assistant解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我丈夫在这里住过院(曾是这家医院的患者)，四年来断断续续地住了六个星期的院。”A.doctor医生；B.expert专家；C.patient病人；D.assistant助手。根据空后的“Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.”可知，欧文斯的丈夫生病的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，这说明欧文斯的丈夫在这里住过院(曾是这家医院的患者)，故C项正确。43．A．commented B．promisedC．responded D．explained解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她解释道：“他生病(住院)的时候，医院里的每个人对我们都很好”。A.commented发表评论；B.promised承诺；C.responded答复；D.explained解释。空后的“Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.”是欧文斯解释说的话，故D项正确。44．A．attitude B．appreciationC．sympathy D．response解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表达她的感激之情，欧文斯想以另一种方式回报这家医院。A.attitude态度；B.appreciation感激；C.sympathy同情；D.response回答。空前一句说欧文斯的丈夫生病(住院)的时候，医院里的每个人对他们夫妇俩都很好，因此她要表达对医院的感激，故B项正确。45．A．hand B．love C．smile D．time解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：我没有几百万美元，但我可以献出我的时间。A.hand手；B.love爱；C.smile微笑；D.time时间。根据上文中的“Owens,whoisnow98,started41atthehospitalafterherhusbanddiednearly20yearsago.”可知，现年98岁的欧文斯在丈夫20年前去世后就开始在医院做志愿者，因此此处是说她可以献出自己的时间(在医院做志愿者)，故D项正确。46．A．old B．strongC．sick D．lucky解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我年纪大了，不像以前那样到处走动了，所以我每周只有一天去做志愿者。A.old年纪大的；B.strong强壮的；C.sick生病的；D.lucky幸运的。根据上文中的“Owens,whoisnow98”可知，欧文斯现在已经98岁了，年纪已经非常大了，故A项正确。47．A．hadto B．hopedto C．usedto D．oughtto解析：考查短语词义辨析。句意同上。A.hadto不得不；B.hopedto希望；C.usedto过去常常；D.oughtto应该。根据上文中的“Iusedtogivethreedaysaweek”及空后的“soIonlygiveonedayaweek.”可知，欧文斯以前一周有三天去做志愿者，现在一周只有一天去做志愿者，这说明她现在年纪太大，不能像以前那样走得那么多了，故C项正确。48．A．stand B．rideC．turn D．shift解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了每周四小时的轮班，她请一名志愿者载她上下班，她现在把这位志愿者称为自己的朋友。A.stand站立；B.ride车程；C.turn转动；D.shift轮班。根据上文可知，欧文斯现在每周去医院做一次志愿服务，因此此处指“去医院上班”，故D项正确。49．A．day B．MondayC．morning D．Tuesday解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：每周二，理查德都会去我家接我，送我来医院。A.day白天；B.Monday周一；C.morning早晨；D.Tuesday周二。根据上文中的“WhenyouwalkthroughthedoorsofMortonPlantHospitalonanearlyT