2022-2023学年高一英语上学期第二次月考A卷（上海专用）（全解全析）

2022-2023学年高一上学期第二次月考A卷（上海专用）

英语试题

注意事项：

1.考试范围：上教版必修一Unit1-Unit3

2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡

皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

I.ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeach

conversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespoken

onlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,

anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.IntwoweeksB.WithintwoweeksC.TwoweeksagoD.Fortwoweeks

【答案】c

【原文】

M:Howlonghaveyoustayedinthecity?

W:Onlyabouttwoweeks,ImovedherefromMalaysia.

Q:Whendidthewomanmovetothecity?

2.A.AtthegarageB.InaparkinglotC.AtacarshopD.Inacarshowroom

【答案】A

【原文】

M:Couldyoupleasehavemycarreadyat4o'clock?

W:Noproblem.Sir.Thedamageisnotthatserious.

Q:Wheredidtheconversationprobablytakeplace?

3.A.Surprised.B.Disappointed.C.DelightedD.Offended.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Youlookmuchslimmer!

W:Oh,that'stheloveliestwordI'veheardtodaydelighted.

Q:Howdoesthewomanreacttotheman'sremark?

4.A.Inapostoffice.B.Onafarm.C.Ataclinic.D.Atarestaurant.

【答案】D

【原文】

W:Wouldyouliketoordernow?

M:Yes.Pleaseshowmethemenu.

Q:Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

5.A.Doctorandpatient.B.Bossandemployee.

C.Assistantandcustomer.D.Teacherandstudent.

【答案】C

【原文】

W:MayIhelpyou?

M:Yes.IforgottoaskforareceiptforwhatIbought.

Q:What'stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

6.A.Shelosthercar.B.Shedrovehere.

C.Hercarwentwrong.D.Shebrokethetrafficrules.

【答案】C

【原文】

M:Youdidn'tdrivehere,didyou?

W:No,Ididn't.Iwasgoingto,butmycarbrokedown

Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?

7.A.5minutes.B.10minutes.C.15minutes.D.20minutes.

【答案】B

【原文】

M:Whendoesthenexttrainleave?

W:Youhavejustmissedoneby5minutes.Trainsleaveeveryfifteenminutes,soyou'llhavetowaitforawhile.

Q:Howlongdoesthemanhavetowaitforthenexttrain?

8.A.$2.5B.$3.00C.$5,00D.$8.00

【答案】B

【原文】

M:I'dliketosendthispackagebyspecialdeliveryandinsureitfor$5.

W:That'llbe$2.50forthepostageand50centsfbrtheinsurance.

Q:Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisdeliveryinall?

9.A.Hedoubtsthewoman'swords.B.Hehasn'treadthenovelyet.

C.Heenjoyedreadingthenovelalot.D.Heisnotinterestedinthenovelatall.

【答案】C

【原文】

W:IhopeyoulikethenovelIlentyou.Iwasn'tsurewhetheritwasthekindofbookyouwouldbeinterestedin.

M:Youknow,Ihadthesamedoubtatfirst.ButonceIstarted,Isimplycouldn'tputitdown.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

10.A.Shedidn'tnoticewhoJohnsonwastalkingto.B.Johnsonwastoobusytotalktosomeone.

C.Shewasbusyeatingsomethingdelicious.D.Johnsonwasmeetingthenewgueststhen.

【答案】A

【原文】

M:DidyounoticewhoJohnsonwastalkingtoattheparty?

W:Iwassobusygreetingalltheguests.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB.youwillheartwoshortpassagesseveralandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbe

askedseveralquestionsoneachofthem.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecide

whichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.WastefromanimalB.Agriculturalchemicals

C.SafecontainersD.Industrialwaste

12.A.UndamagedmetalcansB•Alltheboxesofjuiceormilk

C.WaterproofcontainersD.Leakingcans

13.A.Youshouldcleanupthecansonly.

B.Youshouldmakethecanscleanandboilthemthoroughly

C.Youshouldplacethecansinsafeareas.

D.Youshouldbrushthecansandthenputtheminboiledwater

【答案】11.C12.D13.B

【原文】

Waterandfoodfromfloodsmaycontainanimalandhumanwaste.Itcanalsocontainotherpollutantslike

chemicalsfromagricultureandindustrysofoodsafetyspecialistshavesuggestedsomeadvicetoavoiddangers

fromuncleanwaterandfood.

Throwawayanythingthatisnotstoredinawaterproofcontainerandthrowawayboxesofjuiceormilkif

theyhavecomeintocontactwithfloodwater.Alsothrowawaydamagedmetalcansorhardplasticcontainers.

Don'tusecansthatareswollenorleaking.

Someunopened,undamagedall-metalcanscanbesaved.Beforeuse,washthecanswithsoapandwater,and

brushorwipeawaydirtandthenplacethecansagaininwaterandheatthewatertoonehundreddegreesCelsius.

Boilthecansfortwominutes.Also,remembernottoeatfreshvegetablesfromthegardenifithascomeincontact

withfloodwater.Tobesafe,havethesoiltested.

Questions:

11.WhatmaynotbecontainedinwaterandfoodfromHoods?

12.Whichofthefollowingmustbethrownawayinfloodedareas?

13.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttosavesomeunopenedcans?

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.AlaboratoryassistantB.Achemistryteacher

C.AprofessorinthehospitalD.Ateacherofalaboratory

15.A.HecanmakeuptheclassB.Hewillattendotherclasses.

C.HewillreportedimmediatelyD.Hewillbedroppedfromtheclass.

16.A.Thestudentswillbeaskedtoleavetheclass.

B.Itshouldbecutrightaway

C.itmustbefastenedtightlytogether.

D.Thestudents9parentswillbecalledtoschool

【答案】14.A15.D16.C

【原文】

Goodmorning,everyone,IamProfessorSmith,andIamyourlaboratoryinstructor.Thisclassisintendedas

anecessarypartofthecourse,whichDr.Jameswillbeinchargeof.Thisclasswillmeettwiceaweekinthis

laboratory.Itbeginsatnine.Iexpectyoutobeontime.Idonotintendtowaitforlatecomersorrepeatwhathas

alreadybeencoveredifyoumisstheexplanation.Donotarrivelateandinterruptyourneighbor:youmayaswell

notcomeifyoucan'tbeontime.

Attendanceisequallyimportant.Ifyoumissthreelabclasses,yournamewillberemovedfromtheclasslist,

I'mafraid.Noexcuses.Youcan'tcompletethecoursewithoutcompletinglabclass.

Safetyiskeyhere.Itisveryimportanttokeepthingsneatandclean,dressproperly,andbecareful.Youmay

noteat,drinkorsmokeinthelaboratoryandyoushouldalwayscleanthetabletopandwashyourhandsbefore

andaftertheclass.Longhairmustbetiedup.And,finally,anylaboratoryaccidentmustbereportedimmediately.

Ihopeyou'llenjoythelaboratory.It*sawonderfulplacebutalltheseinstructionsaretobestrictlyfollowed.

Wewillbegintodaybylearningaboutthemicrophone.

Questions:

14.Whoisthespeaker?

15.Whathappensifastudentmissesthreeclasses?

16.Whatshouldbedoneiflonghairisworn?

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Ithasstartedaweek-longpromotioncampaign.

B.Ilhasjustlauncheditsannualanniversarysales.

C.Itoffersregularweekendsalesalltheyearround.

D.Itspecializesinthesaleofmen'ssuits.

18.A.Priceadjustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchase.

B.Giftcardsforcustomerswithanypurchases.

C.Freedeliveryofpurchasesforseniorcustomers.

D.Pricereductionsforcustomersatanytime.

19.A.Mailagiftcardtoher.B.Allowhertobuyoncredit.

C.Creditittoheraccount.D.Givehercashdirectly.

20.A.Ithasalreadybeensoldout.B.Itwillbesenttothewomanbymail.

C.Itisnotavailableforthemoment.D.Itisoneoftheitemsonsale.

【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.D

【原文】

M:ThankyouforcallingFannydepartmentstore.HowcanIhelpyoutoday?

W:Hi.Iwasinyourstorethispastweekendandboughtafewitems.Yesterday,myfriendtoldmethattheannual

anniversarysaleshadbegun.SheboughtthesamesweaterasIdid,butforamuchlowerprice.

M:Yes.OuranniversarysalestartedonMonday.Wedoofferpriceadjustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchaseto

ensureourcustomersatisfaction.Yousaidyoudidthepurchaseherethispastweekend?

W:Yes.IwasshoppinginyourstorelastSundayafternoon.

M:Thatwoulddefinitelyfallwithinthepriceadjustmentwindow.Doyouhaveanaccountwithus?Wecancredit

youraccountdirectlywiththedifferenceifyouwish.Otherwisewecansendagiftcardbymailifyouprefer.

W:Creditingmyaccountwouldbewonderful.Thankyou.Nowthatyoumentionthere,sasalegoingon,I

rememberadressIquitelikewhenIwasintheshoponSunday.Isitonofferaswell?

M:Yes,ma'am.Allthenewarrivalsare15-20%off.

W:Thafsgoodnews.Thedressreallycaughtmyeye.

M:Ifyoulike,1cansetoneasideforyou.Ifyou'reabletocomethisafternoon,youcangiveyournametothe

salesmanagerandtheywillbeabletoassistyou.

Questions:

17.WhatcanwelearnaboutFannydepartmentstore?

18.WhichofthefollowingservicesdoesFannydepartmentstoreoffer?

19.Whatdoesthewomanwantthestoretodotoaddressthepricedifference?

20.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthedressthewomanisinterestedin?

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

FANGHUSHENGisabright,lively,82-year-oldwomanfromBeijing21islearningtousea

smart-phone...butit'sbeen22struggle."Technologyadvancessofast.Whatissupposedtomake

life23(easy)isnowcreatingproblemsforusoldpeople,"shesays.

Fanggrewupinasimplerage24youhadtoactuallyleaveyourhousetoshop,buyatrainticket

or25(make)adoctor'sappointment.Nowallofthesethingscanbedonewithasmart-phoneand,in

somecases,onlywithasmart-phone.RecentlyanelderlymaninDalianwasunabletotravelonthe

subway26hisQRhealthcodeneeded27(scan)toenterthesubway."WhatisaQRcode?"the

manasked.nIhavemoneytobuyaticket,whydoIneedasmart-phone?1'Intheend,heleftthestation,

28(feel)confusedandembarrassed.

Manyolderpeoplehavephysicalandhealthissues.Pooreyesightmakesreadingcharactersonsmallscreen

difficult.And"leatheryfingers0(itmeanstheirfingersarelesssensitive)make29hardtousetouch

screens.Perhapstheseareproblemsthatsmart-phonemakers_____30_____trytoresolve.

【参考答案】

21.who22.a23.easier24.when25.make

26.because27.tobescanned28.feeling29.it30.can

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述J'技术进步如此之快，给老年人带来了麻烦。

【详情解析】

22.【who】考查定语从句。句意:方互生是一位来自北京的82岁的聪明、活泼的老妇人，她

在学习使用智能手机……但这是一场斗争。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词是人，在从句中作

主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。

22.[a]考查冠词。句意同上。设空处修饰名词struggle,可数名词，根据句意，此处泛指“一场斗争”，应

用不定冠词，且struggle以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。

23.[easier]考查形容词比较级。句意：“技术进步如此之快。本来应该让生活更轻松的东西，现在却给我

们老年人带来了麻烦，”她说。设空处为宾语补足语，应用形容词形式，根据句意可知，有比较之意，

应用比较级，故填easiero

24.[when]考查定语从句。句意：方成长在一个简单的年代，在那个年代，你不得不离开家去购物、买

火车票或预约医生。分析可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词age,在从句中作时间状语，应用关

系副词wherio故填when。

25.[make]考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析可知，设空处和动词shop,buy并列都接在不定式to后面，

应用动词原形。故填make。

26.[because]考查原因状语从句。句意：最近，大连一位老人无法乘坐地铁，因为需要扫描他的健康码

才能进入地铁。分析可知，设空处引导原因状语从句，由句意可知，应用because引导。故填because。

27.[tobescanned]考查非谓语动词。句意同上。动词need后需要用不定式作宾语，并且不定式

的逻辑主语hisQRhealthcode,和不定式构成被动关系，应用不定式的被动结构。故填tobescanned。

28.[feeling]考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，他离开了车站，感到困惑和尴尬。设空处为状语，和主语之

间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填feeling。

29.[it]考查代词。句意：“粗糙的手指”（这意味着他们的手指不那么敏感）让触摸屏很难使用。设空处代

替后面的不定式作形式宾语，应用储故填it。

30.[can]考查情态动词。句意：或许这些都是智能手机制造商可以尝试解决的问题。分析可知，设空处

后是动词原形，所以推测设空处应用情态动词，根据句意，应用can。故填can。

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.generallyB.unnecessaryC.attitudesD.reluctantE.respectF.cause

G.incorrectlyH.sparklyI.communitiesJ.protectK.contributions

DuringtheoutbreakofCOVID-19,almosteveryoneinChinawearsamaskto31themselvesagainst

thevirus.However,manypeopleintheWestfeel32towearmasks,evenifthereisanincreasingnumber

oftheircompatriotsbeinginfected.AccordingtotheGlobalTimes,differentattitudestowardwearingmasks

largelylieinthecultures.IntheWest,whatpeople33believethatunlessoneisalreadyill,wearingamask

issimply34.

SivaKumarfromtheUSisoneofthem.uMaskscanonlyprotectyoufromparticulatematterintheairyou

breathe,buttheycan,tholdupmicrobes,"KumartoldChinaDaily.''Wearingamaskwhenyou'rehealthywill

35tensionforothers.^^

USinfectionpreventionspecialistEliPerencevichtoldForbes,Theaveragehealthypersonshouldn11be

wearingmasks.**Sheadded,“Iftheywearthem36itcanincreasetheriskofinfectionbecausethey're

touchingtheirfacesmoreoften.”

However,forpeopleinAsiancountrieslikeChina,wearingamaskisdeep-rootedintheirculture.Valuing

collectivism（集体主义）,peopleinAsiaalwayswanttomake37tothegroupsthattheybelongto.Insuch

uncertainandpotentiallydangeroustime,manypeoplehavetakentheirresponsibilitytowearmaskstoensurethe

safetyoftheir38.

ChenXinjie,amediaworkerinBeijing,said,Wearingthemaskforalongtimeishot,stuffy43热的）and

uncomfortable...Butasamemberofthegroup,it'sourdutytodoso.

Influencedbysocialcultures,the39towardwearingamaskcanbedifferentintheEastandWest.But

asUSessayistRalphEmersononcesaid,“Wemusteach40othersevenaswerespectourselves.^^

【参考答案】

31.J32.D33.A34.B35.F36.G37.K38.I39.C40.E

【语篇解读】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在疫情期间，东西方民众对待戴口罩的态度不同。

【详情解析】

31.【J】考查动词。句意：在COVID-19爆发期间，中国几乎每个人都戴着口罩，以保护自己免受病毒感

染。protect…against保护.免遭....。前面有不定式to,所以用动词原形。故选J。

32.[D]考查形容词。句意：然而，在西方，即使有越来越多的同胞被感染，很多人还是不愿意戴口罩。

be/feelreluctantto不情愿做某事。故选D。

33.【A】考查副词。句意：在西方，人们普遍认为，除非一个人已经病了，否则戴口罩是不必要的。修饰

动词believe,用副词形式。表示“通常，普遍地”，故选A。

34.【B】考查形容词。句意：在西方，人们普遍认为，除非一个人已经病了，否则戴口罩是不必要的。副

词simply后接形容词形式。表示“不必要的”，故选B。

35.1F1考查动词。句意：健康的时候戴口罩会让别人感到紧张。情态动词will后接动词原形•表示“引

起，造成“，故选F。

36.[G]考查副词。句意：她补充说：“如果佩戴不当，会增加感染的风险，因为他们会更频繁地接触自

己的脸。''修饰动词wear,用副词形式。表示“不恰当地”，故选G。

37.【K】考查名词。句意：亚洲人崇尚集体主义，总是希望为自己所属的群体做出贡献。makecontributions

to为……做贡献。故选K。

38.[I]考查名词。句意：在这种不确定和潜在危险的时刻，许多人都承担起佩戴口罩的责任，

以确保社区安全。形容词性物主代词their后接名词形式。表示“群体，团体”，故选I。

39.【C】考查名词。句意:受到社会文化的影响，戴口罩的态度可能在东方和西方是不同的。attitudeto”……

的态度”。故选C。

40.【E】考查动词。句意：我们必须在尊重自己的同时也尊重别人。情态动词must后接动词原形。表示“尊

重”，故选E。

III.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillin

eachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

IsClimateChangeConsumingYourFavoriteFoods?

Astheincreasedamountofcarbondioxideintheatmosphere,heatstress,longerdroughts（干旱）,andmore

intenserainfallslinkedtoglobalwarmingcontinuetoupsetourdailyweather,weoftenforgettheyalsoimpactthe

quantity,quality,andgrowing41ofourfood.Manyfoodshavealready42topspotsonthe

world's"endangeredfoods"list,indicatingtheirpossibilitytobecome43withinthenext30years.

Tostartwithwhatis44inmanypeople'sliveswearedisappointedtofindthatcoffeeplantationsin

SouthAmerica,Africa,Asia,andHawaiiareallbeingthreatenedbyrisingairtemperaturesandirregularrainfall

patterns,whichinvitediseaseto45thecoffeeplantandbeans.Theresult?Significant46in

coffeeoutput.

Andcoffee'sculinary（烹饪的）cousin,cacao（akachocolate）,isalsosufferingstressfromglobalwarming's

risingtemperatures.Butforchocolate,itisn'tthewarmerclimatealonethat'stheproblem.Cacaotreesactually

47warmerclimatesaslongasthatwarmthispairedwithhighhumidityandsufficientrain.48.

theproblemisthatthehighertemperaturesprojectedfortheworld'sleadingchocolate-producingcountriesarenot

expectedtobe49byanincreaseinrainfall.Thereforeashighertemperaturestakemoremoisturefrom

soilandplants,it's50thatrainfallwillincreaseenoughtomakeupfbrthisloss.

Anothernotablynutritiousplant,peanutgrowsbestwhenitgetsfivemonthsofcontinuouswarmweather

and20to40inchesofrain.Anything5Jandplantswon'tsurvive.Thatisn'tgoodnewswhenmost

climatemodelsagreethattheclimateofthefuturewillbeoneofthe52,includingdroughts.The

worldhasalreadycaughtaglimpseofpeanut'sfuturefatewhenlastyearaseriousdroughtacrossthe

peanut-growingSoutheasternU.Sledmanyplantstodie.Accordingtoafinancialreport,the53spells

（日寸期）causedpeanutpricestorisebyasmuchas40percent!

Finally,intheworldofsea,asairtemperaturesrise,oceansandwaterwaysabsorbsomeoftheheatand

undergowarmingoftheirown.Theresultisthe54infishpopulation.Warmerwatersalsoencourage

viciousmarinebacteria,likeVibrio,togrowandcauseillnessinhumans.Andthatsatisfying“crack“youget

wheneatingcrabcouldbe55asshellfishstruggletobuildtheircalciumcarbonate（碳酸钙）shells,a

resultofoceanacidification.

41.A.attitudesB.choicesC.locationsD.resources

42.A.contributedB.earnedC.featuredD.reflected

43.A.amazingB.uniqueC.typicalD.scarce

44.A.necessaryB.luxuriousC.practicalD.original

45.A.defendB.robC.shockD.infect

46.A.increasesB.cutsC.changesD.failure

47.A.surviveB.preferC.admireD.encounter

48.A.MoreoverB.BycontrastC.HoweverD.Therefore

49.A.accompaniedB.influencedC.blockedD.doubled

50.A.unlikelyB.irrelevantC.inappropriateD.immeasurable

51.A.moreB.lessC.warmerD.colder

52.A.patternsB.depthsC.extremesD.ends

53.A.rainyB.shinyC.freezingD.dry

54.A.revolutionB.shrinkC.extinctionD.evolution

55.A.silencedB.heightenedC.changedD.minimized

【参考答案】

41.C42.B43.D44.A45.D46.B47.B48.C49.A50.A

51.B52.C53.D54.B55.A

【语篇解读】

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球变暖对我们食物的影响。

【详情解析】

41.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着大气中二氧化碳含量的增加，热压力，更长时间的干旱，以及与

全球变暖有关的更强降雨继续扰乱我们的日常天气，我们常常忘记它们也影响我们食物的数量，质量和

种植地点。A.attitudes态度；B.choices选择；C.locations地点；位置；D.resources资源。由上文“theyalso

impactthequantity,quality,andgrowing”可知，大气中二氧化碳含量的增加会影响我们的种植地点，故选

C。

42.[B]考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多食物已经在世界“濒危食物”名单上名列前茅，表明它们有可能在

未来30年内变得稀缺。A.contributed捐赠;B.earned赚得；获得：C.featured以.为特色;D.reflected

反映。由上下文“Manyfoodshavealready42topspotsontheworld's"endangeredfoods"list,“可知，

许多食物已经在世界“濒危食物”名单上占前几名，所以此处表示“获得前几名“，故选B。

43.[D]考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多食物已经在世界“濒危食物”名单上名列前茅，表明它们有可能

在未来30年内变得稀缺。A.amazing惊人的；B.unique独一无二的；C.typical典型的；D.scarce缺乏

的：稀缺的。由上文“Manyfoodshavealready42topspotsontheworld's"endangeredfoods"list,“

可知，许多食物已经在世界"濒危食物'’名单上，所以这表明未来30年内粮食会变得稀缺的，故选D。

44.[A]考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我们先从许多人的生活必需品说起，我们失望地发现，南美、非

洲和夏威夷的咖啡种植园，都受到气温上升和降雨模式不稳定的威胁，这些因素会导致疾病感染咖啡树

和咖啡豆。A.necessary必要的;B.luxurious奢侈的;C.practical实用的；D.original起初的。由下文“in

manypeople'slives”（在我们生活中）和下文“coffeeplantations”（咖啡种植园）可知，咖啡是许多人们生活的

必需品，故选A。

45.[D]考查动词词义辨析。句意：让我们先从许多人的生活必需品说起，我们失望地发现，南美、非洲

和夏威夷的咖啡种植园，都受到气温上升和降雨模式不稳定的威胁，这些因素会导致疾病传染咖啡树和

咖啡豆。A.defend防御；B.rob抢劫；C.shock使震惊；D.infect传染。由上下文“whichinvitediseaseto

45thecoffeeplantandbeans.“可知，一些疾病会传染咖啡树和咖啡豆，故选D。

46.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大幅削减咖啡产量。A.increases增加;B.cuts削减;C.changes改变；

D.failure失败。由上文“Theresult?”（结果是什么？）和空处前后“Significant46incoffeeoutpuf

可知，南美、非洲和夏威夷的咖啡种植园，都受到气温上升和降雨模式不稳定的威胁，这些因素会导致

疾病传染咖啡树和咖啡豆，结果会造成咖啡产量削减，故选及

47.【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：可可树实际上更喜欢温暖的气候，只要温暖的气候伴随着高湿度和充

足的雨水。A.survive幸存；B.prefer更喜欢；C.admire钦佩；D.encounter偶遇。由下文“aslongasthat

warmthispairedwithhighhumidityandsufficientrain.”可知，可可树更喜欢温暧的气候，故选B。

48.[C]考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，问题在于，预计全球主要巧克力生产国的气温上升，而降雨量

不会伴随着增加。A.Moreover此外；而且；B.Bycontrast相比之下；C.However然而；D.Therefore

因此。由下文“theproblemisthatthehighertemperaturesprojectedforthewordsleadingchocolate-producing

countriesarenotexpectedtobe49byanincreaseinrainfall.”可知，止匕处表示转折，故选Co

49.[A]考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，问题在于，预计全球主要巧克力生产国的气温上升，而降雨量

不会伴随着增加。A.accompanied伴随；陪伴；B.influenced影响；C.blocked阻挡；D.doubled使力口倍。

由上下文“theproblemisthatthehighertemperaturesprojectedfbrtheworld'sleadingchocolate-producing

countriesarenotexpectedtobe49byanincreaseinrainfall.“可知，全球主要巧克力生产国的气温

上升，而降雨量不会伴随着增加。这是主要问题，故选A。

50.[A]考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，随着温度升高，土壤和植物吸收更多的水分，降雨量不太可

能增加到足以弥补这一损失。A.unlikely不可能的；B.irrelevant不相关的；C.inappropriate不合适的；

D.immeasurable不可估量的。由上文“thehighertemperaturesprojectedfbrtheworld'sleading

chocolate-producingcountriesarenotexpectedtobe49byanincreaseinrainfhlL"和下文“rainfhll

willincreaseenoughtomakeupforthisloss.”可知，全球主要巧克力生产国的气温上升，而降雨量不会伴

随着增加，所以靠降雨量增加来弥补这一损失是不太可能的，故选A。

51.【B】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：少于这个数量，植物就无法生存。A.more更多的；B.less

更少的；C.warmer更暖和的；D.colder更冷的。由上文“Anothernotablynutritiousplant,peanutgrowsbest

whenitgetsfivemonthsofcontinuouswannweatherand20to40inchesofrain.”（另一种极富营养的植物

—花生，在连续五个月的温暖天气和20到40英寸的降雨中生长得最好。）可知，此处以花生为例，说

明指物生长需要一定的降雨量，如果少于这个量，植物就无法生存，故选B“

52.【C】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可不是什么好消息，因为大多数气候模型都认为未来的气候将是极

端天气，其中包括干旱。A.patterns模式；方式；B.depths深度；C.extremes极端；D.ends结尾。由下

文“includingdroughts”可知，此处指极端天气，故选Co

53.[D]考查形容词词义辨析。句意：根据一份财务报告，干早期导致花生价格上涨了40%!A.rainy

有雨的；B.shiny有光泽的；C.freezing极冷的；D.dry干的。由上文“Theworldhasalreadycaughtaglimpse

ofpeanut'sfuturefatewhenlastyearaseriousdroughtacrossthepeanut-growingSoutheasternU.Sledmany

plantstodie;（世界已经看到了花生的未来命运，去年美国东南部发生严重干旱，这导致许多花生死亡。）

可知，去年美国东南部发生严重干旱，这导致许多花生死亡，所以可以推出，此处指干旱期导致花生价

格上涨，故选D。

54.【B】考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果就是鱼类数量的减少。A.revolution革命；B.shrink收缩；缩小；

C.extinction灭绝；D.evolution进化。由上文“Finally,intheworldofsea,asairtemperaturesrise,oceansand

waterwaysabsorbsomeoftheheatandundergowarmingoftheirown."（最后，在海洋的世界里，随着气温上

升，海洋和水道吸收了一些热量，自身也会遭遇变暖。）可知，海水变暖会导致鱼类数量的减少，故选

Bo

55.[A]考查动词词义辨析。句意：吃螃蟹时那种令人满足的“爆裂声”可能会消失，因为贝类很难形成它

们的碳酸钙壳，这是海洋酸化的结果。A.silenced使安静；压制；B.heightened提高；C.changed改变；

D.minimized使减少到最低限度。由下文“asshellfishstruggletobuildtheircalciumcarbonate（碳酸钙）

shells,aresultofoceanacidification”可知，贝类很难形成它们的碳酸钙壳，这是海洋酸化的结果，这会造

成人们吃螃蟹时不会出现那种令人满足的“爆裂声”，故选Ao

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfallowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccording

totheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

A

COVID-19hasgreatlyaffectedthelivesofpeopleacrosstheworld.Ithaschallengedandchanged

people'slifestyles.Ithasalsohelpedusthinkaboutourrelationshipswithothers.

Changingourlives

•COVID-19hasmadepeoplethinkharderabouttheirrelationshipwithnature.Ithasalsoraisedquestions

abouturbanlifestyles.Thesharingeconomy,workinginopenoffices,livingincrowdedapartmentsandthefood

industry^useofreusableproductshavemadetheperfectstormforapandemic.

•Althoughthesharingeconomymightbegood—it'scheapertorentthantoown—sharingspacesand

objectsaregreatwaystospreadthevirus.Howdoesonedo“socialdistancing^^whentheyareexpectedtoshare

cars,bikes,apartmentsandeventhesameoffices?

•Thetrendofusingopenoffices,whichcansavespace,isworkingagainstus.Inthistypeofoffice,workers

don'thavetheirowndesk—everythingisshar