阅读填空题解法

Exploretheskillsofreadingandcompletion湖南省历年高考阅读填空题型考察分布设题类型答案特点200520062007200820092010直接信息题文章信息，无需加工42157

4归纳概括题标题归纳111101段落归纳224231组织信息题段落长句，浓缩信息354204湖南省历年高考阅读填空题型考察分布20114033Let’scometotheNMETof2005Task1:Howtogetthedirectinformation77.By201083.Nuclearfamily84.Workers85.In1989Numberofcitizens65orolder77.By2010By2020By203039million51million65million78._______79.____________Babyboomers’old--growing80._______81.______82.____________83._________________→multigenerationalfamily84._______tocitizens65andolder85.________By20303.5:12:1Title76._________NuclearfamilyWorkersIn1989Task2:howtosummarizemainidea:ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisgrowingolderandwillcontinuetodosoTopic:---ThegrayingoftheUnitedStates.

2．判定归纳概括词的方法

(1)根据段落主题句的关键词判定概括词。

段落主题句多在段首，其次在段尾，偶在段中，因此在读文章时要尤其注意段首尾，宜及时标注主题句。找到主题句后，要善于根据上下文的逻辑关系确认关键词。值得注意的是，有时所填写的概括词不能照抄主题句中的关键词，而需根据表达的需要改变关键词的词形或词性，甚至是另换一词。例如：文中的信息76.GrayingUSThegrayingoftheUnitedStates____________________________Topic:用作名词用作形容词保留核心词Numberofcitizens65orolder77.By2010By2020By203039million51million65million78._______79______Babyboomers’old--growing80._______81.______82.____________83._________________→multigenerationalfamily84._______tocitizens65andolder85.________By20303.5:12:1Title76._________NuclearfamilyWorkersIn1989GrayingUS根据句中的关键词“required”判断该空填Requirements，即将原来的动词过去分词形式改为了名词复数形式。

1._____PromotehumanrightsandequalityRespecttherights,dignityandcultureofothers再如：Volunteeringisrequiredtopromotehumanrightsandequality,andrespectedtherights,dignity(尊严)andcultureofothersaswell.(2)根据文中信息词判定概括词。howways,tips,methods，solutionswhy,because,resultin,leadto,becausedbyreasons,causesinshort,allinallsummaryreferto,be,becalled,bedefineddefinitiontherefore,thus,so,asaresultresult,conclusionfind,discoverfindingsMainideaofeachpart:Para1:ThepopulationoftheUnitedStatesisgrowingold----phenomenonPara2ThephenomenonismainlyduetoItwillgreatlyaffectthenation’sfamilyandworkforce

-----Causes/ReasonsPara3----Effects/Resultstwofacts____________Numberofcitizens65orolder77.By2010By2020By203039million51million65million78.79._________________Babyboomers’old--growing80.81.______-----------------------82.____________83._________________→multigenerationalfamily84._______tocitizens65andolder85.________By20303.5:12:1Title76.GrayingUSNuclearfamilyWorkersIn1989Causes/reasonsEffects/Results2总结性词汇原因；理由目的；意图历史；发展方式；手段建议；提议影响；结果定义；意义种类；范畴用途；功能cause(of);reason(for)goal，aim;purpose;intention，targethistory;developmentmethods;meansadvice;tips;suggestion;effect;influence;result;consequencedefinition;meaningkind;type;category,speciesusage;function时间；时期实例；方面实验；研究地方；位置成本；费用优势；益处方法；办法结论；摘要特点观点；看法；态度比较类example;aspectexperiment;researchplace;location；area，regioncost;expenseadvantage;benefitway;solutionconclusion;summarytime，periodfeature，characteristic，personalityopinion，view，point，attitudedifference，similarity，comparison，contrastTask3:howtorewritetheinformation78.reasons/causesBabyboomers’old--growing79.______theold-growingofthe“babyboomers”用名词所有格(genitivecase)形式“S”代替介词of来自文中的信息Babyboomers’old-growing(79)…peopleintheU.Sarelivinglonger

…thenumberofU.S

citizens85yearsold

79.Citizens’livinglonger

_____________________________________________________保留核心词78.reasons/causes79.

Citizens’livinglonger

Babyboomers’old--growing80.effect/results________83.nuclearfamilymultigenerationalfamily84.workerstocitizens65andolder85.In1989By20303.5:12:181._____82._____文中的信息→

Para3:Onelikelydevelopmentwillbeagradualchangeinthefamilyunit.

81.Familyunitchange82.Workforceproportionchange句子结构转换→

para3:Theotherlikelydevelopmentwillbeachangeintheproportionofthenation’sworkforce.___________________________________________________(81)(82)保留核心词保留核心词Numberofcitizens65orolder77.By2010By2020By203039million51million65million78.Causes/reasons79.Citizens’livinglongerBabyboomers’old--growing80Effects/Results81.______-----------------------82.____________83._________________→multigenerationalfamily84._______tocitizens65andolder85.________By20303.5:12:1Title76.__GrayingUS_FamilyunitchangeWorkforceproportionchangeNuclearfamilyWorkersIn19893.组织信息题如何组织信息正确表达？1.“间接替代法”，用名词所有格“’s”代替of，或巧用连字符号。1.ThepowerofgovernmentThegovernment’spower2.Ifheatstrokeisleftuntreated,permanentdamagetothebrainmayresult.Ifheatstrokeisleftuntreated,________________________mayresult.brain’spermanentdamage3.agirlwhois18yearsold

an18-year-oldgirl4.Thejudgepunishedthosewhohaddrivenfastbyfining200yuaneach.---____________________werepunishedbyfining200yuaneachbythejudge.Thoseover-speedingdrivers2.词性转换3.Marywasnotinterestedinsportsatschool.Mary______________sportsatschool.1.VitaminCisnecessaryforstrongbonesandteeth,andforhealthybloodvessels.

Beinga__________forstrongbonesandteethandhealthyblood.necessity2.Alackofvitaminsislikelytoresultinmanydiseases._________________mayresultinmanydiseasesLackingvitamins

lostinterestin

4.Whilepeopletraditionallyregardcaring,sharing

andgenerositythemostimportantinlifeandwork,

modernpeopleseemtobemoreself-concerned.

ValuesarechangingInthepastpeopleputcaring,sharingandgenerosityin_________________.Nowadays,peopleseemtobemore________________themselves.thefirstplace

concernedabout______________________________5.Cleanairisonlymadeupofnutrition,oxygenandwater.Ourcountryhasbeenindustrialized;ourcitieshavegrownandtraffichasincreased.Forthesereasonstherehascomeanincreaseinthenumberofbyproductreleasedintotheair,suchasparticlesfromburningfuelandpoisonousgasesfromchemicalreactions.Reasonsforairpollutionincreaseintrafficgrowthofcitiesindustrialization___________________________6.Fourth,manageyourtimewisely.Createaschedulethatallowsadequatetimeforaccomplishingagoal;forexample,yourscheduleshouldgiveyouenoughtimetostudyforandpassatest,aswellastimetorelax.Avoidingprocrastination

·Fourth,manageyourtimeina(78)

way.wise3.句子结构转换,句子转化为词组,词组转化为单词1.Parkingisusuallyfree,andtheweatherinsideisalwaysfine._______________andfineweather2.Thegirlwhohadbeencaughtstealingwassetfreeatlast.---Thegirl_______________wasfinallyliberated.

3.Whilehewasreadingthebook,heheardaloudnoise.---______________,heheard