大学英语必背干货（词汇+谚语）

1/26大学英语必背干货（词汇+谚语）1.同义词转换gloomy一pessimistic悲观的tolerant一indulgent容忍的outraged一indignant/raged/enraged愤怒的cruel一inhuman残忍的future一prospect未来road一track道路wonder一curiosity好奇心innovation一creativemind创新accuracy一precision准确性unbiased—unprejudiced/just/fair没有偏见的prohibit—ban禁止confirmed—identified确认late—putoff延期cleanup—bring...backtonormal回归常态

expand—take...forward推进trouble—harm很小一部分；对人有害causedamageto—undermine破坏

deny—avoid否定getolder—age变老offer—provide...with提供improve...healthconditions—notspendingtimeinhospital保持健康warn—arealertedwith警告notathome—outof不在saygoodbye—seeyouoff送行feedon—sustain供养idlingabout—doingnothing无所事事

gonedown—fallen下降efficient—workedwelltogether配合得很好

didsomething—succeeded成功started—launched开始2.高频词汇壹.历史文化篇京剧Peking

opera昆曲Kunqu

opera中国画traditional

Chinese

painting画像portrait山水

landscape泼墨

splash-ink毛笔

writing

brush书法

calligraphic

art书法家

calligraphic

artist楷体

formal

script/regular

script行书

running

script宋体

Song-dynasty

script手工艺品

handwork/handicrafts文物

cultural

relics/antiques国宝

national

treasure孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子LaoZi儒学ConfucianSchool论语AnalectsofConfucius孔庙

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科举制ImperialExaminationforrecruitingcivilservants丝绸之路theSilkRoute长征LongMarch解放战争WarofLiberation煮

poach/boiled蒸

steamed火锅

chafing

dish/hotpot煲；炖；焖stewed煎

pan-fried炒

stir-fried炸

deep-fried烘

baked熏

smoked泡辣菜

pickled

hot

vegetables北京烤鸭

roast

Beijing

duck炒饭

stir-fried

rice油条

deep

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twisted

dough

stick饺子

jiaozi汤圆

tangyuan馄饨

hundun烧麦

shaomai月饼

moon

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black

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tea陈酒

old

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arrack贰.教育篇素质教育educationforall-rounddevelopment应试教育exam-orientededucationsystem义务教育compulsoryeducation初等教育elementaryeducation中等教育secondaryeducation高等教育highereducation职业教育vocationaleducation学院college/institute/school普通高校regularinstitutionofhigherlearning重点大学keyuniversity211工程211Project减轻学生负担reduceburdenforstudents基础课basiccourse专业课coursewithinone’smajor必修课requiredcourse选修课electivecourse学分制creditsystem入学考试entranceexamination入学资格admissionqualification择优录取merit-basedenrollment中考

seniorhighschoolentranceexamination高考collegeentranceexamination报名application/signup毕业设计diploma-winningdesign/graduationproject毕业论文graduationthesis毕业证书graduationcertificate同学schoolmate/classmate校友alumni

叁.交通篇航班号

flight

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economy

class登机牌

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card口岸

customs

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stopping

train普快

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express直达列车

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special

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high-speed

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lower

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departure

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destination站台

platform地铁

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speed

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slow

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brake高速公路

highway十字路

crossroads酒后驾驶

driving

under

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alcohol疲劳驾驶

fatigue

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肆.经济篇宏观经济macroeconomy社会主义市场经济socialistmarketeconomy知识经济knowledgeeconomy网络经济Internet-basedeconomy经济规律lawofeconomy大规模生产massproduction生产力productiveforces生产关系relationsofproduction公有制publicownership私有制privateownership国有企业state-ownedenterprises(SOEs)私营企业privatebusiness民营企业privately-runbusiness中小企业smallandmediumenterprises(SMEs)连锁企业franchise/chainbusiness国民生产总值GrossNationalProduct(GNP)国内生产总值GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)实际增长率growthrateinrealterms年均增长率averagegrowthrateperannum可持续增长sustainablegrowth经济效益economicreturns投资回报率rateofreturnoninvestment衰退recession宏观调控macrocontrol提高经济效益enhanceeconomicperformance扭亏为盈turnaloss-makingbusinessintoaprofitableone优化经济结构optimizeeconomicstructure扩大内需expanddomesticdemand国计民生nationalinterestandpeople’slivelihood改革开放reformandopeningup经济特区specialeconomiczones"十三五规划"the13thFive-YearPlanforNationalandEconomicandSocialDevelopment风险投资ventureinvestment经济繁荣economicboom发达国家developedcountries不发达国家underdevelopedcountries发展中国家developingcountries经济交流economicexchange跨国公司multinationalcorporation利用外资utilizationofforeigncapital知识产权intellectualpropertyrights版权copyright专利patent商标trademark互通有无mutualexchangeofneededproducts法治ruleoflaw平等互利equalityandmutualbenefit电子商务e-business信用卡creditcard信息时代informationage科教兴国rejuvenatethecountrythroughscienceandeducation研究开发researchanddevelopment高新技术innovativeandhightechnology创新innovation尖端科技state-of-the-arttechnology普及率popularizingrate伍.地理篇人民大会堂

Great

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Huashan

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Lushan

Mountain滇池

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lake黄河YellowRiver长江YangtzeRiver珠江PearlRiver太湖LakeTai鄱阳湖LakePoyang洞庭湖LakeDongting青藏高原TibetPlateau东北平原NortheastChinaPlain华北平原NorthChinaPlain长江中下游平原PlainofMiddleandLowerReachesofChangjiangRiver南沙群岛NanshaIsland

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Moon陆.社会篇小康社会awell-to-dosociety人民生活people’slivelihood生活水平livingstandards生活质量qualityoflife住房条件housingconditions文化程度educationallevel就业率employmentrate人均收入averageincomepercapita年平均工资averageannualpay奖金bonus生活费用costofliving消费价格指数consumerpriceindex环境污染指数environmentpollutionindex衣食住行food,clothing,shelteringandmeansoftraveling购买力purchasingpower贫困家庭theneedyfamily贫困地区poverty-strickenregion下岗belaidoff小康relativeaffluence安居乐业liveagoodlife共同富裕sharedprosperity社会保险socialinsurance助学金grant-in-aid赈灾救济金disasterrelieffunds人口population人口分布populationdistribution流动人口transientpopulation城市人口urbanpopulation农业人口agriculturepopulation出生率birthrate自然增长率naturalgrowthrate负增长率negativegrowthrate普查census户口册householdregister计划生育familyplanning/plannedparenthood优生优育ensuregoodprenatalandpostnatalcare自治区autonomousregion民族ethnicgroups少数民族ethnicminorities/minoritypeoples中国共产党CommunistPartyofChina

柒.节日篇元旦NewYear'sDay情人节Valentine'sDay国际妇女节InternationalWomen'Day植树节TreePlantingDay愚人节AprilFools'Day国际劳动日InternationalLaborDay中国青年节ChineseYouthDay国际儿童节InternationalChildren'sDay中国共产党成立纪念日AnniversaryoftheFoundingoftheCommunistPartyofChina建军节ArmyDay国庆节NationalDay教师节Teacher'sDay万圣节Halloween母亲节Mother'sDay春节theSpringFestival元宵节LanternFestival端午节theDragon-BoatFestival乞巧节(中国情人节）Double-SeventhDay中秋节theMid-AutumnFestival重阳节theDoubleNinthFestival腊八节thelabaRicePorridgeFestival春联SpringFestivalcouplets年画NewYearpictures剪纸paper-cuts除夕theeveofthelunarNewYear守岁stayuplateontheNewYear’sEve放爆竹letofffirecrackers拜年payaNewYearvisit团圆饭familyreuniondinner敬酒proposeatoast红包redpackets(cashwrappedupinredpaper)舞狮liondance舞龙dragondance灯笼lantern灯谜riddleswrittenonlanterns灯会exhibitoflanterns禁忌taboo压岁钱giftmoney;moneygiventochildrenasalunarnewyeargift祭祖宗offersacrificestoone’sancestors元宵ricedumpling踩高跷stiltwalking扭秧歌yanggedance扫墓sweepgravesofone’sancestorsorlovedones赛龙舟dragon-boatracing粽子zongzi(stickyricedumplingwrappedinreedorbambooleaves)月饼mooncake赏月appreciatethegloriousfullmoon赏菊admirethebeautyofchrysanthemum登高climbmountain

3.99个谚语常备1、thewisemanknowsheknowsnothing,thefoolthinksheknowsall.聪明人自认一无所知，愚笨人自负无所不知。2、thewolfhasawinninggamewhentheshepherdsquarrel.螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后。3、theworldisaladderforsometogoupandotherstogodown.世界如阶梯，有人上有人下。4、theworldisbutalittleplace,afterall.海内存知己，天涯若比邻。5、thinktwicebeforeyoudo.三思而后行。6、thingsattheworstwillmend.否极泰来。7、timeandtidewaitfornoman.时不我待。8、timecuresallthings.时间是医治一切创伤的良药。9、timeflies.光阴似箭。10、timeismoney.时间就是金钱。11、timelostcannotbewonagain.时光流逝，不可复得。12、timepastcannotbecalledbackagain.时间不能倒流。13、timetriesall.路遥知马力，日久见人心。14、titfortatisfairplay.人不犯我，我不犯人;人若犯我，我必犯人。15、toerrishuman.人非圣贤，孰能无过16、talkofthedevilandhewillappear.说曹操，曹操就到。17、talltreescatchmuchwind.树大招风。18、teachothersbyyourexample.躬亲示范。19、thebestheartsarealwaysthebravest.无私者无畏。20、thebestmanstumbles.伟人也有犯错时。21、thecatshutsitseyeswhenstealing.掩耳盗铃。22、thedangerpastandgodforgotten.过河拆桥。23、thedarkesthourisnearestthedawn.黎明前的黑暗。24、thedarkestplaceisunderthecandlestick.烛台底下最暗。25、thedevilknowsmanythingsbecauseheisold.老马识途。26、thedevilsometimesspeaksthetruth.魔鬼有时也会说真话。27、thedieiscast.木已成舟。28、theearlybirdcatchestheworm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。29、theendjustifiesthemeans.只要目的正当，可以不择手段。30、theendmakesallequal.死亡面前，人人平等。31、theeyeisbiggerthanthebelly.贪多嚼不烂。32、thefarthestwayaboutisthenearestwayhome.抄近路反而绕远路。33、thefinestdiamondmustbecut.玉不琢，不成器。34、thefireisthetestofgold,adversityofstrongman.烈火验真金，艰难磨意志。35、thefirststepistheonlydifficulty.迈出第一步是最艰难的。36、thefoxknewtoomuch,that'showhelosthistail.机关算尽太聪明，反误了卿卿性命。37、thefoxpreysfarthestfromhome.兔子不吃窝边草。38、thefroginthewellknowsnothingofthegreatocean.坐井观天。39、thegrassisgreenerontheotherside.这山望着那山高。40、thegreatesttalkersarealwaysleastdoers.语言的巨人总是行动的矮子。41、thehigherup,thegreaterthefall.爬得高，摔得惨。42、theleopardcannotchangeitsspots.本性难移。43、themorenoble,themorehumble.人越高尚，越谦虚。44、pleasurecomesthroughtoil.苦尽甘来。45、pourwaterintoasieve.竹篮子打水一场空。46、practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧。47、praiseisnotpudding.恭维话不能当饭吃。48、praisemakesgoodmenbetter,andbadmenworse.好人越夸越好，坏人越夸越糟。49、preferlosstounjustgain.宁可吃亏，不贪便宜。50、preventionisbetterthancure.预防胜于治疗。51、pridegoesbefore,andshamecomesafter.骄傲使人落后。52、promiseisdebt.一诺千金。53、proverbsarethedaughtersofdailyexperience.谚语是日常经验的结晶。54、pullthechestnutoutoffire.火中取栗。55、putthecartbeforethehorse.本末倒置。56、putyourshouldertothewheel.鼎力相助。57、readingenrichesthemind.开卷有益。58、readingistothemindwhileexercisetothebody.读书健脑，运动强身。59、respectyourself,ornooneelsewillrespectyou.要人尊敬，必须自重。60、romeisnotbuiltinaday.冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。61、sayingisonethinganddoinganother.言行不一。62、seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。63、seekthetruthfromfacts.实事求是。64、sendawisemanonanerrand,andsaynothingtohim.智者当差，不用交代。65、setathieftocatchathief.以贼捉贼。66、shortaccountsmakelongfriends.好朋友勤算账。67、somethingisbetterthannothing.聊胜于无。68、soonlearn,soonforgotten.学得快，忘得快。69、soonripe,soonrotten.熟得快，烂得快。70、speechissilver,silenceisgold.能言是银，沉默是金。71、stillwaterrundeep.静水常深。72、striketheironwhileitishot.趁热打铁。73、successbelongstothepersevering.坚持就是胜利。7