人教版（2023）选择性必修第三册Unit 1 Art Discover Useful Structures 不定式作表语课件(共26张PPT)

第第页人教版（2023）选择性必修第三册Unit1ArtDiscoverUsefulStructures不定式作表语课件(共26张PPT)(共26张PPT)

Grammar动词不定式作表语

Unit1Art

Lead-in

1.Perhapsthebest____tounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.

2.DuringtheMiddleAges,the_________ofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.

3.Inhiswork,Monet’s___wastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene…

4._______________________wasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart”

way

purpose

aim

Whattheyattemptedtodo

Readthesesentencesandfillintheblanksusingthecorrectwordsfromthetextonpages2and3.

不定式:是一种非谓语动词。

1.非谓语动词:是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词，

2.动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。

3.动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。

不定式的定义:

Presentation

动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等，但不能作谓语。动词不定式(短语)作表语主要表主动和表将来。

基本形式：to+动词原形

其否定形式是:“not/nevertodo”/notdo

动词不定式做表语

主动语态被动语态

一般式todotobedone

进行式tobedoing

完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone

完成进行式tohavebeendoing

Presentation

1.结构

动词不定式可放在be和become,sound,taste等__________后

面作表语，由“todo”构成。

2.时态

动词不定式作表语时，如果不定式和逻辑主语之间是主动关系应使用__________如果是被动关系应该使用___________。

例1：Hisgoalis_____________(be)avolunteeratthelocalhospitalinthecomingholidays.

例2：Hisgoalis______________(admit)intoPekingUniversitythissummer.

动词不定式

系动词

tobecome

tobeadmitted

todo

tobedone

动词不定式作表语

1.主语通常是suggestion,advice,proposal,aim,goal,purpose,plan,ambition,idea,intention,way,dream,duty,task,wish,hope等表示意向、打算、计划的词，一般用不定式作表语说明主语的内容。

有时根据表达的需要，在作表语的不定式前，添加疑问代词/副词，包括what,who,how,when,where等,构成“疑问词+todo”作表语。

例如：Theproblemwashowtobegin.

Herwishistobeateacher.

Thedutyofsoldiersistodefendtheircountry.

1）主语是表示意向、打算、计划等的词，如aim，purpose,wish,idea,task,plan，decision，choice，duty,dream,job等词时，常用不定式作表语。

不定式作表语用法

Presentation

动词不定式(短语)作表语的用法

1．表示目的

Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowwhatisneeded.

Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.

Herdreamistomakeamovie.

举办2022年冬季奥运会是我们国家巨大的荣幸。

Tohostthe2022WinterOlympicsisagreathonorforourcountry.

作主语

判断下列不定式在句中作何成分

2．表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。

Youaretodieatninetyeight.

Youmustspeakout，ifwearetoremainfriends.

Thatexperiencewastochangehiswholelife.

Presentation

3.表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等

Theyaretomarrynextweek.

Childrenarenottosmoke.

Youmustbepatientifyouaretosucceed.

Youaretohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththem.

Presentation

Severalproblemsremaintobesettled.

5.动词不定式直接用在系动词seem,appear,remain,prove,turnout等之后，如：

Wearetomeetatthestationatthere.(表约定）

Howarewetoconvincehim（表可能性）

YouaretocomewhenIcall.（表命令）

4.用于表达想法，约定，义务，命令，可能性，命运等。如：

6.动词不定式在表语中表示___。

Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.

目的

即时训练

①Ourplanis______________________________.

我们的计划是下周完成这项工作。

②MyAmericanteacher________________________.

我的米国老师即将离开中国。

③Agreatdealis______________.

还有许多事要做。

④Thethingforustodois_________________________.

我们要做的事情就是要接受挑战。

⑤WhatIwanttodomostinseniorhighis________________________.

我在高中最想做的事就是提高我的英语水平。

⑥FewpeopleIknowseem_____________________________________.(2023·浙江卷语法填空改编)

在我认识的人中，似乎很少有人愿意或有时间做饭。

tofinishtheworknextweek

istoleaveChinasoon

yettodo

tohavemuchdesireortimetocook

toacceptthechallenge

toimprovemyEnglish

即时训练

①Todotwothingsatatimeis________(do)neither.

②Ourworkis___________(serve)thepeople.

③Itsgoalis____________(make)sureallchildrenhaveachanceforeducation.

④OldTom’spresentjobis_________(sweep)streets.

todo

serving

tomake

sweeping

动词不定式作表语和v-ing作表语的区别

动词不定式和v-ing作表语时，要注意与句子的主语在形式上保持一致，若句子的主语为v-ing，则表语也应使用v-ing；

若主语为动词不定式，则表语也应使用动词不定式。

Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.

动词不定式和v-ing作表语时可换用，但以下情况除外:

当动词所表达的是某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为或有待于实现的行为时，通常用动词不定式作表语。

Herbestwishistoputhernewideasintopractice.

若动词所表达的并不强调动作，而是表示主语的内容，则通常用v-ing作表语。

Myfavoritesportisswimming.

WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.

动词不定式（短语）作表语省略to的情况

动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般不定式符to不能省略,但以下情况下可省略：

1.all作主语其后的定语从句有do的某种形式时：

Allweneedtodoisliveeachdaywithhope.

2.what引导的从句作主语时，从句中含有do的某种形式时：

WhatIwanttodoistakeaholidayrightaway.

3.主语被only，first，one，least或形容词最高级修饰，其后的定语从句或短语中有do的某种形式时：

Intheeveningtheonlythinghedidwasreadthenewspaper.

运用*语法规则

1.Youknow，mygoalis___________(lose)150poundsinthecomingyear.

2.Listen！Thesoundseems________________(come)fromthejungle.

3.Theboywas_____________(blame)forwhathehaddone.

4.Oneofthemostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowas___________(punish)theirchildrenforpoormarks.

5.Thepurposeofeducationis_____________(develop)afinepersonalityinchildren.

6.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeen___________(make)plantsglow(发光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.(2023·全国卷Ⅰ阅读D)

7.Youappear___________________(travel)toquitealotofplacesaroundtheworld.

8.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto________________(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears，it’snotwithoutacost.(2023·浙江卷语法填空)

9.Anotherwaytohideamessageis_________(use)symbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.

10.Theonlythingthatinterestshimis_____________(dance).

tolose

tobecoming

toblame

topunish

todevelop

tomake

tohavetravelled

havebecome

touse

dancing

（Grammar部分练习:2.补全句子）

1.Youmustkeepitinmindthatyourworkis____________________.

你必须牢记你的工作就是为人民服务。

2.Whathehoped______________________________________.

他希望能被这所大学录取。

3.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreducestressis___________________________________________________.

减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人谈谈你的情感。

4.Themostimportantthingaboutvloggingis_____________________.

拍摄视频博客最重要的一点在于讲一个好故事。

servingthepeople

wastobeadmittedintotheuniversity

totalkaboutyourfeelingswithsomeoneyoutrust

totellagoodstory

1.Supposeyouare（be）ajournalistforChinaDaily，doyouknowwhatkindsofjobstheyhave

2.Youare（reward）ifyouhavemadeabreakthrough.

3.Throughmyyearsofschoollife，I’velearnedthatifweare_______（make）adifferenceinlife，it’sofgreatimportancethatweshouldbeginwithsmallthings.

4.Thestudentstrustherverymuch；asaresult，heradviceis________（influence）theirdecisions.

tobe

toberewarded

tomake

toinfluence

5.Themottoofthelittleboywhowassufferingfromamusclediseasewas_______(live)onedayatatime.

6.Itisyou,includingyourcousin,that____________(blame)forthelossofthegoldenchance.

7.Medicalexpertssaythemosteffectivewaytopreventthespreadofdiseaseisforpeople________(wash)theirhandswithsoapandwater.

8.Thenextstepis________surethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.

tolive

aretoblame

towash

tomake

（Grammar部分练习:3.语法填空）

AdamBraunestablishedtheorganizationPencilsofPromisein2023.Itsgoalis1.____________(make)sureallchildrenhaveachanceforeducation.

Itallstartedwhenhewasacollegestudent.AdamBraunwasvisitingIndiawhen2.____________girlstoppedhimonthestreetandaskedformoney.Heaskedherwhatshedesired3.____________(much)ofallintheworld.Astonishingly，heranswerwas“apencil”.Thegirlhadneverbeentoschoolbefore，andthatwasthe4.____________(real)for57millionchildrenaroundtheworld.

Aftergraduation，AdamBraunneverforgotthegirlandtheproblemof5.____________(her).

tomake

hers

a

reality

most

（Grammar部分练习:3.语法填空）

“Weliveinaworldinwhicheverysinglechildcanhaveaccess6.____________qualityeducation.SoIwasdeterminedtocreateschoolsinotherplaces7.____________childrenarehungryforeducation.”AdamBraunbegantoraisemoneyforhisprojectthroughsocialmedia.

“Weareworkinghardtomakesurethattheprogramisnotjustbeautifulphotosandvideosofchildren，butthatwe’re8.____________(actual)seeingamazingresultsintheclassroom.That’swhyour9.____________(kid)inPencilsofPromiseschoolsprogressfastfromonegradetothenext,”Braunsaid.

Sincethen，it10.____________(help)morethan22，000childreninAfrica，AsiaandLatinAmerica.

to

hashelped

where

kids

actually

1Ifyoureallywanttolearndriving,goingtoadrivingschoolmightbethebestchoice.(myadviceis...)

→Ifyouwanttol