高级英语-张汉熙-第二课-课件

《高级英语》精品课程

第二册

制作人：徐李洁^^《高级英语》精品课程

1

Unit2Marrakech

ByGeorgeOrwell^^Unit2MarrakechB2ObjectivesofLessonTwoTofamiliarize withthebackgroundknowledgeofGeorgeOrwell,Morocco,Frenchcolonies,Marrakech;JewsTolearnexpositorywriting;Toanalyzethethemeandthewriter’sopinionofcolonialism.^^ObjectivesofLessonTwoTofam3BackgroundKnowledgeGeorgeOrwellMoroccoMarrakechFrenchColoniesJewsAnalysisofthetext^^BackgroundKnowledgeGeorgeOrw4Orwell’sPoliticalpointOrwellwasakeencriticofimperialism,fascism,Stalinism,andcapitalism.Hisworksareconcernedwiththesociopoliticalconditionsofhistime,notablywiththeproblemofhumanfreedom.Hisworkismarkedbyaprofoundconsciousnessofsocialinjustice,anintensedislikeoftotalitarianism（极权主义）,andapassionforclarityinlanguage.AsinAnimalFarm,Nineteeneighty-four

^^Orwell’sPoliticalpointOrwell5Orwell’sRulesforwriters

Neverusemetaphor,simile,orotherfigureofspeechwhichyouareusedtoseeinginprint.Neverusealongwordwhereashortonewilldo.Ifitispossibletocutawordout,alwayscutitout.Neverusethepassivevoicewhereyoucanusetheactive.Neveruseaforeignphrase,ascientificword,orajargonwordifyoucanthinkofaneverydayEnglishequivalent.Breakanyoftheserulessoonerthansayanythingoutrightbarbarous.^^Orwell’sRulesforwriters

Nev6DefinitionofColony1.a.emigrantsortheirdescendantsinadistantterritorybutremainsubjecttoorcloselyassociatedwiththeparentcountry.Inpoliticsandinhistory,acolonyisaterritoryundertheimmediatepoliticalcontrolofageographically-distantstate(orcity,inancienttimes).b.Aterritorythussettled.2.Aregionpoliticallycontrolledbyadistantcountry;adependency.3.Agroupofpeoplewhohavebeeninstitutionalizedinarelativelyremotearea^^DefinitionofColony^^7Colonizevt.e.g.BritaincolonizedAustralia.Colonist(殖民地居民，移民），colonialism,colonialist,Colonization,colonizationist(主张开拓殖民地者）ColonialcountryColony（殖民地，居住区）e.g.theartists’colonyinNewYorkcity^^Colonizevt.e.g.Britaincol8EvilsofcolonialismScene1(1-3)Scene2(4-7)Scene6(22-26)Scene3(8-15)Scene5(19-21)Scene4(6-18)^^EvilsofcolonialismScene1(19SixScenestoexposetheevilsofcolonialismScene1:Theburialofthepoorinhabitants(para1-3)Theidea:Lifeischeap.Peoplearesopoorthattheycannotaffordproperburials.Scene2:Thebeggingofbreadofanemployee(para4-7)Theidea:Lifeispoor.Peoplecan’taffordproperfood.Scene3:LivingconditionoftheJews(para8-15)Theidea:Jewsliveingreatpovertyandunderprejudice.Scene4:Cultivationofsoil(para16-18)Theidea:Hardwayofmakingaliving.Scene5:Lifeofwomen(para19-21)Theidea:Miserablelifeofoldwomen,nobetterthanadonkeyScene6:thesoldiers(para22-26)Theidea:Thenegroes’attitudetowardsthewhites^^SixScenestoexposetheevils10Whydidthewriterchoosethesescenes?Whatdoyouthinktheyrepresent?Doyouthinkthesescenesareeffectivetoachievethewriter’spurpose?Whatelsewouldyouadd?Whatisthetoneofthewriterthroughoutthetext?^^Whydidthewriterchoosethes11Scene1:Theburialofthepoorinhabitants(para1-3)

Lifeischeap.Peoplearesopoorthattheycannotaffordproperburials.

WordsandExpressionswail:

tocryoutinmourningorlamentation悲伤地哭号Thewindwailedthroughthetreeschant:

asimpleliturgicalsonginwhichastringofsyllablesorwordsissungtoeachtonebier:aplatformorportableframeworkonwhichacoffinorcorpseisplacedhack:tobreakup(land)withahoe,mattock,etc.oblong:adj.longerthanbroad;elongatedhummocky:adj.fulloforlookinglikelow,roundedhills布满小丘的derelict:adj.

desertedbytheowner;abandoned;forsakenpricklypear:

anyofagenusofcactusplanshavingcylindricalorlarge,flat,ovalstemjointsandediblefruits仙人掌(属)^^Scene1:Theburialofthepo12Paragraphing&Interpreting…theflieslefttherestauranttableinacloudandrushedafterit,buttheycamebackinafewminuteslater.

Thecloudoffliesflyingtothecorpseandthencomingbacktotherestaurantshowstheunsanitaryconditionsofthecity…thetaxisandthecamels…

modernmeansoftransportationalongsidetheoldandbackwardmeansoftransportationWhenthefriendsgettotheburying-groundtheyhackanoblongholeafootandtwodeep,dumpthebodyinitandflingoveritalittleofthedried-up,lumpyearth,whichislikethebrokenbrick.

Thelistofactionverbsareallsingle-syllabic,showingthequickspeedandsimpleburyingprocedure^^Paragraphing&Interpreting…th13Aretheyreally…?Dothey…?Orarethey…individualasbeesorcoralinsects?

Alistofrhetoricalquestionsaddedforcetoauthor’sdenunciationTheyriseoutoftheearth,theysweatandstarve

forafewyears,andthentheysinkbackintothenamelessmoundsofthegraveyardandnobodynoticesthattheyaregone.

alliteration,showingthemonotonouslife.Theyareborn.Thenforafewyearstheywork,toilandstarve.Finallytheydieandareburiedingraveswithoutaname.^^Aretheyreally…?Dothey…?O14Scene2:Thebeggingofbreadofanemployee(para4-7)

Lifeispoor.Peoplecan’taffordproperfood.

WordsandExpressions

gazelle:

n.anyofvarioussmall,swift,gracefulantelopesofAfrica,theNewEast,andAsia,withspirallytwisted,backwardpointinghornsandlarge,lustrouseyes.瞪羚hindquarter:

n.eitheroftwohindedgeslegsandloinsofacarcassofveal,beef,lamb,etc.(pl.)thehindlegsofafour-leggedanimalnibble:

toeat(food)withquickbites,takingonlyasmallamountatatime,asamousedoes.

Thefishwerenibblingatthebaitbutt:

tostrikeorpushwiththeheadorhorns;ranwiththehead^^Scene2:Thebeggingofbread15navvy:

(BrE)anunskilledlaborer,anoncanals,roadssidle:

tomovesideways,esp.inashy,fearfulorstealthilymannerstow:

topackorstoreaway,esp.topackinanorderly,compactmannermunicipality:

acity,town,etc.havingitsownincorporatedgovernment自治市^^navvy:(BrE)anunskilledlabo16Paragraphing&InterpretingAnArabnavvyworkingonthepathnearbyloweredhisheavyhoeandsidledslowlytowardsus.

Althoughthelaborerwashungry,hewasnotusedtobegging.Thereforehemovedslowlyandshyly.Icouldeatsomeofthatbread.

Thisisanindirectrequestandexpressesadesiretoeatsomeofthebread.Theword“could”suggestspolitenessanduncertainty.^^Paragraphing&InterpretingAn17Itookoffapieceandhestoweditgratefullyinsomesecretplaceunderhisrags.

Theword“stow”and“secret”showthatthenavvylooksatthepieceofbreadassomethingprecious.Heisafraidofloosingit.Thismanisanemployeeofthemunicipality.

Thissimplestatementisveryimportant.Itservestoconveyadeepermeaning.“Evenanemployedlaborergoesstarving,soyoucanimaginetheplightofthepoorerpeople.^^Itookoffapieceandhestow18Scene3:LivingconditionoftheJews(para8-15)

Jewsliveingreatpropertyandunderprejudice.

WordsandExpressions

ghetto:

n.

(incertainEuropeancities)asectiontowhichJewswereformerlyrestricted;cluster:

togatherorgrowinaclusterorclustersskull-cap:

n.alight,closefitting,brimlesscap,usuallywornindoors.infest:

tooverrunorinhabitinlargenumbers,usu.soastobeharmfulorbothersome;swarminorover.Fly-infestedwarp:

tobecomebentortwistedoutofshapefrenzied:

adj.fullofuncontrolledexcitementclamour:

v.n.(to)makealoudconfusednoiseorshout;cryoutself-contained:

adj.havingwithinoneselforitselfallthatisnecessary;self-sufficient,asacommunity^^Scene3:Livingconditionoft19Impossible--hardtodealwith,sth.Thatcannothappene.g.Itwasnotanimpossiblescheme.Hisbadtempermakeslifeimpossibleforallthefamily.Heisanimpossiblepersontoworkwith.Inflationisanimpossibleproblem.Grope–tofeelorsearchaboutblindlye.g.Inthedarkness,Igropedforthedoorhandle.ThroughouttheagesmenhavegropedafterthemeaningoftheUniverseandtheirownroleinit.Thelecturerpaused,gropingforthemosteffectivewordtoexpresshismeaning.Theyhadtogropetheirwaythroughamistthatwasrapidlyturningintoathickfog.

^^Impossible--hardtodealwith,20Paragraphing&Interpreting(para9)…thehousesarecompletelywindowless.

Windowlessbecausethehousessitsoclosetoeachotherthatitisinconvenienttohavewindows.Sore-eyedchildrencluster…,likecloudsofflies.

Asimile,comparingclustersofchildrentocloudsofflies.Therepeateduseoffliesshowstheunsanitaryconditionsandtheprevalenceofdiseasesincolonialcountries(para11)Fruitsellers,potters,silversmiths,blacksmiths,butchers,leather-workers,tailors,water-carriers,beggars,porters–

Thereisalistofjobshereincludingthatofbeggar.^^Paragraphing&Interpreting(pa21whicheverwayyoulook…agoodjobHitlerwasn’there.

ItwasluckyfortheJewsthatHilterhadnotcometothisplace.Ifhehad,theJewswouldhavebeenexterminatedastheywereinPolandandotherEuropeanscountries.(para15)Injustthesameway,acoupleofhundredyearsago,pooroldwomenusedtobeburnedforwitchcraftwhentheycouldnotevenworkenoughmagictogetthemselvesasquaremeal.

asquaremeal:adecentsubstantialmealAnalogyisusedhere.Itmeansthatthesepeople’saccusationoftheJewswasasabsurdandirrationalastheaccusationofthewitchcraft.^^whicheverwayyoulook…agood22Scene4:Cultivationofsoil(para16-18)

Hardwayofmakingaliving.

WordsandExpressions

conspicuous:

adj.attractingattentionbybeingunexpected,unusual,outstandingChancesarethat:

(oral)itispossible

Chancesarethathehasheardthenews.ones’eyestakein:

see,lookat

Iwastoobusytakinginthebeautifulfurnituretonoticewhowasintheroom.Hereyesweretakinginnothingbuttheexpensivehats.Itwasamusingtoseehissurpriseashetookinthenewcar.^^Scene4:Cultivationofsoil(23ForeignLegionnaires:FranceorganizedaforeignlegionshortlyaftertheconquestofAlgiersin1830,enlistingrecruitswhowerenotFrenchsubjects.Itsinternationalcharacterandthetraditionofnotrevealingenlistees’backgroundshavehelpedtosurroundtheForeignLegionwithanauraofmysteryandromancewring:

v.togetorextractbyforce,threats,persistence,etc;extort

wringmoneyfromsb.勒索某人back-breaking:requiringgreatphysicalexertion;verytiring;nerve-rackingdesolate:

adj.uninhabited;deserted,forlorn^^ForeignLegionnaires:Franceo24Paragraphing&InterpretingTheauthorisextremelybitterandironical.Insteadofopenlyblamingthewhitecolonialistswhodon’tpaytheleastattentiontothepeoplewhosufferfrompovertyandhunger,hepretendsthattheyhaveasoundreasontoignoresuchpeoplejustbecausetheyhavethecoloroftheearth.(para16)awhiteskinisalwaysfairlyconspicuous.

synecdoche:awhite-skinnedEuropeanisalwaysfairlyconspicuous.Itisonlybecauseofthis…touristresorts.

“This”herestandsforthefactthatpeoplealwaysmissthepeasantslaboringinthefieldsbecausetheyhavethecoloroftheearthandarealotlessinterestingtolookat.(para17)WhatdoesMoroccomeantoaFrenchman?...OrtoanEnglishman?

Questionandanswerbothelliptical.Thisparagraphmeansthatthiscolonialcountryarousespeople’sinterestforvariousreasonsexcepttrueconcernforthepeoplelivinginpoverty(para18)Thisisasmuchasthestrengthoftheanimalsisequalto.

Theanimalsyokedtotheploughhadjustenoughstrengthtoploughthesoiltoadepthofaboutfourinches.^^Paragraphing&Interpreting^^25ApassagefromInvisibleMan--RalphEllisonIAMAninvisibleman.No,IamnotaspooklikethosewhohauntedEdgarAllanPoe;noramIoneofyourHollywood-movieectoplasms.Iamamanofsubstance,offleshandbone,fiberandliquids—andImightevenbesaidtopossessamind.Iaminvisible,understand,simplybecausepeoplerefusetoseeme.Likethebodilessheadsyouseesometimesincircussideshows,itisasthoughIhavebeensurroundedbymirrorsofhard,distortingglass.Whentheyapproachmetheyseeonlymysurroundings,themselves,orfragmentsoftheirimagination---indeed,everythingandanythingexceptme.(Prologue)^^ApassagefromInvisibleMan26Sentencestoshowthehardwork

(para17)…therealityoflifeisanendlessback-breakingstruggletowringalittlefoodoutofanerodedsoil.(para18)MostMoroccoissodesolatethatnowildanimalbiggerthanaharecanliveonit.Hugeareaswhichwereoncecoveredwithforesthaveturnedintoatreelesswastewherethesoilisexactlylikebroken-upbrick.Neverthelessagooddealofitiscultivated,withfrightfullabor.(para18)…Longlinesofwomen,bentdoublelikeinvertedcapitalLs,worktheirwayslowlyacrossthefields,tearingupthepricklyweedswiththeirhands.^^Sentencestoshowthehardwor27Scene5:Lifeofwomen(para19-21)

Miserableofoldwomen,nobetterthanadonkey

WordsandExpressions

file:

alineofpersonsorthingssituatedonebehindanother纵队mummify:

v.todryup(becomeamummy)register:

v.record记录,登记

toregisterthebirthofababy’/toregisterthenamesofabsentstudents

Thecourtstenographerregisteredthetrialproceedings.damnably:

adv.Inadamnablymanner

tobedamnablytreated遭到虐待packsaddle:

asaddledesignedtosupporttheloadcarriedbyapackanimal驮鞍^^Scene5:Lifeofwomen(para128bridle:

n.aheadharnessforguidingahorse;itconsistsofstall,bitandreinshalter:

n.arope,cord,strap,etc.usuallywithaaheadstall,fortryingorleadingananimal,withorwithoutarope（缰绳）（马）笼头gut:

（usu.Pl.)thebowels;entrails内脏

havethegutstodosth.有胆量做某事plight：n.conditionorstateofaffairs;esp.now,anawkward,sad,ordangeroussituationtip:v.t

topoursth.fromoneplaceorcontainerintoanother

Shewipedouttheflourandtippeditintoabowl^^bridle:n.aheadharnessfor29

Thecomparisonoffatebetweenthedonkeyandthewomen

DonkeyWomennobiggerthanaSt.Bernarddogtiny,mummifiedOverloaded,workingforweeksvastofloadofwoodAwillingcreatureacceptedstatusasabeastofburdenWhendead,tippedintoaburiedsimply,dumpedintoaditch,throwntodogshole,noname,nograveyardPeoplefeelenragedatnobodyfeelssympatheticforthem,unnoticed

Bydescribingthefateofdonkeytheauthor’spurposeistoarousethesympathyandangerofthereadersfor“people”,Peoplearealsocruellytreatedbuttheyarenotnoticed,simplyinvisible^^

Thecomparisonoffatebetwe30Paragraphing&Interpreting(para19)Allofthemaremummifiedwithageandthesun,andallofthemaretiny.

Yearsofhardworkandheatofthesunhavedrieduptheoldwomen.TheylooklikemummiesSheacceptedherstatusasanoldwoman,thatistosayasabeastofburden.

Shetookitfrograntedthatasanoldwomanshewasthelowestinthecommunity,shatshewasonlyfitfordoingheavyworklikeananimal.(para20)thoughtheyhadregisteredthemselvesonmyeyeballsIcannottrulysaythatIhadseenthem.

Hiseyesmusthaverecordedthescenebuthedidnotconsciouslyobservewhatwashappening(forhedidnotseetheoldwomancarryingtheheavyloadoffirewood)^^Paragraphing&Interpreting(pa31Itcarriesaloadwhich…toomuchforafifteen-handsmule.

fifteen-handsmule:amuleabout60inchesorffeethigh.(para21)Thiskindofthingsmakesone’sbloodboil.

metonymy.Thecrueltreatmentofthedonkeymakesoneveryangry.Peoplewithbrownskinarenextdoortoinvisible.

Peoplewithbrownskinsarealmostinvisible.Itisgenerallyowingtosomekindofaccident…

Ifpeopleevernoticestheoldwomen,itisasheerchance.^^Itcarriesaloadwhich…toomu32Scene6:thesoldiers(para22-26)

Thenegro’sattitudetowardsthewhites

WordsandExpressions

stork:

n.anyofagroupoflarge,long-leggedwadingbirds,havingalongneckandbill,andrelatedtoherons鹳infantry:

soldierswhofightonbattle步兵clump:v.

tocausetoformthesoundsofheavyfootsteps

Grandpaclumpedalonginhisboots.clatter:

n.Arapidsuccessionofloud,sharpnoises急促的敲击声reach-me-down:

adj.colloq.Second-handorreadymade^^Scene6:thesoldiers(para2233sullen:

showingresentment,sulky;glum揾怒的，闷闷不乐的syphilis:n.aninfectiousvenerealdisease,causedbyaspirocheteandusu.transmittedbysexualintercourseoracquiredcongenitally梅毒charger:

n.

ahorseriddeninbattleoronparade战马，军马garrison:

n.troopsstationedinafortorfortifiedplace驻军reverence:

n.feelingorattitudeofdeeprespect,loveandawe,asforsth.sacred;

glitter:v.

toshinewithasparklinglight;glisten;sparkle;bebright^^sullen:showingresentment,su34Squash–vt.压坏,捏坏，

e.g.Shesatonhishatandsquashedit.Hesquashedtheinsectwithhisfinger.Thispackagewassquashedinthemail.Squash–vi.e.g.Softfruitssquasheasily.(aglassoforangesquash)Thishatsquasheseasily.Squash–vi.vt(使劲)挤e.g.Shesquashedintothecrowdedtrain.Don’talltrytosquashintothelifttogether.Hesquashedhisclothesintoabox.Squash–vt.(使不说话/谈)e.g.WhenItriedtospeak,hesquashedme.Heistryingtosquashthestoryofthedefeat.^^Squash–vt.压坏,捏坏，^^35Slump–vi.沉重地倒下[践踏]e.g.Heslumpedinhischairasleep.Tiredfromhiswalk,heslumpedintoachair.Theboy’sfeetslumpedrepeatedlythroughthecorridor.Slump–vi.(质量,价格等)下降,(买卖)清淡起来e.g.Herworkslumpedbecauseofpersonalproblems.Thecompany’ssharesslumpedlastmonth.Businesshasslumped.Slump—n.e.g.Theeconomywentintoasevereslump.

Whenthereisaslumpinacountryitisdifficulttodotrade,andmanypeopleareoutofwork.Therewasaseriousslumpinthe1930s.

^^Slump–vi.沉重地倒下[践踏]^^36Paragraphing&InterpretingInthispart,theauthorshowsthementalityofthecolonizedbydescribingtheboy’slook.(para23)Theirsplendidbodies…curiouslysensitiveblackfaceswereglisteningwithsweat.

TheSenegalesesoldierswerewearingready-madekhakiuniformswhichhidtheirbeautifullywell-builtbodies.Theirfeetweresqueezedintobootswhatweretoosmallandwereflatandsquarelikeblocksofwoodandtheirheadswerealsosqueezedintotinytinhatswhichseemedtobealittletoosmallforthem.

Thewords‘splendid’and‘sensitive’showtheauthor’spositiveattitudetowardsthem.Thisparagraphrevealsthepoorconditionsofthesoldiers.^^Paragraphing&InterpretingIn37(para24)Itwastheshy,wide-eyedNegrolook,whichactuallyisalookofprofoundrespect.

wide-eyes:withtheeyesopenedwidely,asbecauseofsurprise,fear,lackofsophistication.TheNegrogenerallylooksatthewhitemasterswithhiseyesopenedwidelyshowingbashfulness,fear,uneasiness,etc.itisadocile,subservientlook.(para24)Thiswretchedboy,whoisaFrenchcitizenandhasthereforebeendraggedfromtheforest

toscrubfloorsandcatchsyphilisingarrisontowns

Thismiserableblackboyis,asaresultofthecolonizationofhiscountry,aFrenchcitizen.Thereforehehasbeenconscribedandforcedtoleavehishomeintheforesttocometoagarrisontownwherehewillcatchsyphilis.^^(para24)Itwastheshy,wide38(para25)Inthisconnectionitdoesn’tmattertwopenceifhecallshimselfasocialist.

itdoesn’tmattertwopence:itdoesnotmatteratall.Everywhiteman,eventhosewhocallthemselvessocialistscan’thelpbutthinkthisthoughtwhenheseesablackarmymarchingpast.(para26)Andreallyitwaslikewatchingaflockofcattletoseethelongcolumn,…likescrapsofpaper.

Watchingtheone-or-twomileslongcolumnofsoldiersmarchingpeacefully.Uptheroadwasjustlikewatchingaflockofcattle.Cattledon’tthink,don’taskquestions,butfollowtheirmastersblindly.Theseblacksoldierswerejustlikecattle.Comment:Soldiersaretoservethegovernment.TheSenegalesesoldiersaresupportingthecolonialmasterswhoarecruellyexploitingthecountry.Itsoundsironical.Yettheyoungman,insteadofhatingthewhitemen,actuallyholdsadeeprespectforthem.Thewholesituationgivesadepressingfutureofthecountry.

^^(para25)Inthisconnectioni39SummaryThetextisapieceofobjectiveexpositionofthepoverty,miseryanddegradationoftheinhabitantsinMarrakech.Theordinarylocalfuneral,whichtreatsthedeadasanimals,ismerelyoneepisodeofthemiserablelivesofnativepeople.However,thisfactisthebasisuponwhichalltheimperialistsbuilduptheirempires.

Theauthorillustratesthefollowingfactstoshowtheplightoftheinhabitants.AnArabnavvy,anemployeeofthemunicipality,begsforapieceofbreadwhichisformerlythefoodofthegazelles.

IntheunsanitaryghettoeswhicharecrowdedwithJews,peopleoverworkinawretchedsituation,buttheycannotpossiblyaffordapieceofcigarette.

Thebrownlaborersworkinginthebarrenfieldsinabackwardwayarepartlyinvisibletothewhitecolonistswhoareinsensi-tivetothesufferingallaroundthem.Theoldwomencarryingfireworkaremoreinvisiblefortheirskinnyanddistortedfigures.Ironically,oblivioustothemiseriesofthehumanbeings,thewhiteexpressmoresympathytothedamnablefateofthedonkeys.However,thecolonized,suchasoneoftheSenagalesesoldiers,bearblinddeeprespectforthewhitemasters.Thisprovokesthewhitetoreexaminethemselvesaswellastheirwaysoftreatingthecolonizedpeople.^^SummaryThetextisapieceof40DetailedAnalysisoftheText1)Whichsentenceexpressesthethemeofthetext?(or:Whichisthethesisstatement?)

Allcolonialempiresareinrealityfoundeduponthisfact(para.3)2)Whatisthethemeofthetext?

Theauthordenouncestheevilsofcolonialism.Hemercilesslyexposespoverty,miseryanddegradationofthenativepeopleinthecolonies.Thesepeoplearenotconsiderednoraretheytreatedashumanbeings.3)Howmanysceneshasthewriterdescribedtoexposetheevilsofcolonialism?Whatarethey?^^DetailedAnalysisoftheText141

StylisticfeaturesGenerallyspeaking,OrwelldescribesobjectivelythesufferingandmiseryofthecolonialpeopleinMarrakech,yethemanagestoshowthatheisoutragedatthespectacleofmisery.Hesucceedsinimpartingthisfeelingtohisreaders:a)

throughthecleverchoiceofthesceneshedescribesb)throughtheappropriateuseofwords:concretec)throughthetoneinwhichhedescribesthesescenes:objective,matter-of-factly,yetreaderscanseehisangerbeneath.d)bycontrastingtheindignationatthecruelhandlingofthedonkeywiththeunconcerntowardsthefateofthehumanbeings.e)figuresofspeechused:simile,metaphor,parallelism,repetition,rhetoricalquestion,synecdoche,analogy,transferredepithet^^StylisticfeaturesGenerall42Dictation

1.wailachant2.hackanoblonghole 3.inhabitants 4.undifferentiated5.derelict6.medievalghettoes7.fly-infested8.warpoutofshape9.conspicuous 10.frenziedrush11.gropeintheair12.erodedsoil13.desolateplace14.conservewater15.mummifiedwithage16.invisibility17.beinfuriated18.plightofhumanbeings19.slumpunderweight20.glistenwithsweat21.contemptuous22.reverence23.sullen24.inquisitive25.scrapsofpaper26.hummocky27.pricklypear28.bumpy29.hindquarter30.nibble31.sidle32.stow33.municipality34.skull-cap35.booth36.prehistoric37.clamour38.self-contained39.grove40.witchcraft41.hobble42.damnably43.bridle44.packsaddle45.halter46.reach-me-down47.squash48.syphilis49.garrison50GeorgeOrwell^^Dictation1.wailachant43Unit

Four

InauguralAddress^^Unit

FourInauguralAddres44TeachingAimsToacquaintstudentswiththehistoricalbackgroundofthetext.ToenablestudentstoappreciatethestyleofKennedy’sspeech.TohelpstudentstolearnthedifferentstylesofChurchillandKennedy'sspeeches^^TeachingAimsToacquaintstude45J.F.Kennedy’sprofile--the35thpresidentoftheUnitedStates,wasthefirstRomanCatholictobecomepresidentoftheUnitedStated.At43hewasalsotheyoungestmaneverelectedtothehighestofficeofhiscountry.Born:May29,1917,inBrookline,Massachusetts,thesecondbornof9childrenFamilysource:IrishDeath:assassinatedonNovember22,1963,inDallas,Texasforaspeech-makingtour,BuriedinArlingtonNationalCemetery,Arlington,VirginiaMarriage:JacquelineLeeBouvier(1929-1994),onSeptember12,1953Religion:RomanCatholicEducation:GraduatedfromHarvardCollege(1940),enteredtheNavyPoliticalParty:DemocratCareer