关系副词引导的定语从句课件

Unit5GrammarThe

AttributiveClauseUnit5GrammarTheAttributive关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中作用关系代词that人/物主语、宾语、表语which物主语、宾语,表语who人主语、宾语whom人宾语whose人/物定语(whose+n.)as主语.宾语Theuseoftherelativepronoun(关系代词)口诀:定语从句三步：第一找出先行词第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）第三选择合适的关系词关系词先行词所指关系词在从句中作用that人/物主语、宾1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.WhatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanythingelse_____youwant?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.itChoosethebestanswers:1.Thisisall____Iknowabo4.Pleasetakethesecondchair_______isoverthere.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.that

5.Isoxygentheonlygas__helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it6.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything_____hehadstolentothepolice（NMET98’)A.whichB.whatC.whateverD.that4.Pleasetakethesecondchai7.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,

____

wasmorethanweexpected.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.it7.Theweatherturnedouttob关系副词的用法关系副词指代在从句中的作用when(=at/in/on/duringwhich)

where(=in/at/on/underwhich)why(=forwhich)

时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语关系副词的用法关系副词指代在从句中的作用when(=at（一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。where引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示地点的名词。例：Chinaistheonlycountrywherewildpandascanbefound.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.（一）关系副词where引导的定语从句。知识拓展：1.关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换为“介词(in/on/at/under等)+which”引导的定语从句。Eg:Thehotelwherewestayedwasn’tclean.＝Thehotelinwhichwestayedwasn’tclean.

=Thehotelwhich/thatwestayedinwasn’tclean.知识拓展：＝ThehotelinwhichwestThehousewhereLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.

=ThehouseinwhichLuXunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.ThehousewhereLuXunonceliv2.若定语从句的先行词是地点，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句，而不用where来引导。

Thelibrarythat/whichyouvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.

2.若定语从句的先行词是地点，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，用w3.如果定语从句分别修饰point,

situation,stage,condition和case,position等表示抽象意义的词，常用where/prep+which引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。

例：I’vecometothepoint

whereIcan’tstandhim.

3.如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,【典型例题】1.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation

_______theycanseethemselvesdifferently.

A.that

B.when

C.which

D.where【典型例题】2.Lifeislikealongrace_____wecompetewithotherstogobeyondourselves.A.why

B.what

C.that

D.where2.Lifeislikealongrace__3.Ihavereachedapointinmylife

Iamsupposedtomakedecisionsofmyown.A.which

B.where

C.how

D.why

3.Ihavereachedapointinm4.TheywillflytoWashington,___theyplantostayfortwoorthreedays.A.where

B.there

C.which

D.when

4.TheywillflytoWashingtonwhen引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。例：ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.（二）关系副词when引导的定语从句when引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示时间的名词。（二）关先行词是time时若time是作“次数”讲时，应用关系代词that引导的定语从句，that可以省略。Thisisthesecondtime(that)thepresidenthasvisitedthecountry.Icouldhardlyrememberhowmanytimes(that)I’vefailed.若time

作”一段时间，时代”讲时，应用关系副词when或介词at/during+which引导的定语从句Thiswasatatimewhen/duingwhichtherewasnoradios,notelephonesornoTVs.先行词是time时若time是作“次1.Thisisthesecondtime___Ihavebeenhere.2.Canyoustillrememberthetime___wespenttogetherinourchildhood.3.Thefirsttime__hesawher,hefellinlovewithher.(1.that/不填2.that/which3.that/不填)1.Thisisthesecondtime___4)Wearelivinginaage____manythingsaredoneontheInternet.A.WhichB.ThatC.WhoseD.when4)Wearelivinginaage___知识拓展：1.关系副词when引导的定语从句也可以转换为“介词(in/at/on/during)+which”引导的定语从句。Istillrememberthetimewhen(duringwhich)Ilivedinthecountryside.

知识拓展：2.若定语从句的先行词是时间，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。

I’llneverforgetthetimethat/whichIspentoncampus.I’llneverforgetthetimethat/whichwasspentwithyou.2.若定语从句的先行词是时间，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用1.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone_____local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.A.if

B.when

C.which

D.since1.Becauseofthefinancialcr2.Wewentthroughaperiod___communicationswereverydifficultintheruralareas.A.which

B.whose

C.inwhich

D.withwhich

2.Wewentthroughaperiod__3.Occasionsarequiterare_____Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.WhoB.WhichC.WhyD.When3.Occasionsarequiterare__（三）关系副词why

引导的定语从句。why引导的定语从句其先行词往往是表示原因的名词，如：excuse;explanation;reason等。例：Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcometothepartyisthathedidn’twanttoseeJane.（三）关系副词why引导的定语从句。Wecan’taccepttheexcusewhyyouwereabsent.Thisistheexplanationwhytheyputoffthemeeting.Wecan’taccepttheexcusewhy知识拓展：1.关系副词why引导的定语从句可以转换为“for+which”引导的定语从句。Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.知识拓展：2.若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语从句缺主语或宾语，则用which或that引导定语从句。Thereasonthat/whichshegavemewasnottrue.2.若定语从句的先行词是reason，但定语从句缺主语或宾即学即用1)Thereason________hedidn’tcomewasthathewasill.2)Thereason

heexplainedisnottrue.

why

that/which

即学即用why

that/which3)Thereason___hewasabsentwas___hehadabadcold.A.When,becauseB.When,whyC.WhybecauseD.Whythat3)Thereason___hewasabsen(四)Way后接定语从句的情况way后面的定语从句的引导词有which/

inwhich/that/不填，如：

Irecognizedhe’sfromAustraliafromtheway__________________hespeaks.inwhich(that/不填)(四)Way后接定语从句的情况way后面的定语从句的引填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺状语缺宾语缺少主语或宾语:引导词用that/which/不填(缺宾语时)主语宾语都不缺:引导词用that/inwhich/不填填上合适的关系词并分析原因：that/which/不填th1.Idon’tliketheway____youlaughather.

Inwhich/that/不填1.Idon’tliketheway____yo（四）判断关系代词与关系副词

（四）判断关系代词与关系副词

1.Thisisthemountainvillage_____

_Ivisitedlastyear.2.Thisisthemountainvillage_______Istayedlastyear.3.Thisisthemountainvillage_______Istayedinlastyear.that/whichwherethat/which/不填1.Thisisthemountainvillag介词可后移，此时关系代词可以省略Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.=Thisisthebookwhich/that/不填

youaskedfor.但是有些固定动词短语不能拆开，介词不能提前，只能能够放在动词的后面Eg.ThisisXuJinglei’slatestmovie(which/that)sheislookingfor.介词可后移，此时关系代词可以省略Thisisthebo1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?A.where

B.that

C.onwhich

D.theone2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?A.where

B.that

C.onwhich

D.theone1.Isthismuseum___youvisi归纳：关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词(where地点状语，when时间状语，why原因状语)。归纳：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句介词后的关系代词只能是which（指物）whom（指人）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句介词后的关系代词只能是wh介词选择的三原则：一介词根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定

onwhichIspent5yuan.

forwhichIpaid5yuan.ThisisthebookfromwhichIlearntalot.

aboutwhichTomoften

talks介词选择的三原则：一介词根据从句谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定二.介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而

确定

Iremembertheday

onwhichIjoinedtheParty.

thedays

duringwhichI

livedhere.

themonthinwhicIstayed

there.

二.介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而

三.介词根据从句所表达的意义而

确定Mycomputer,withoutwhichIcan’tplaycomputergames,crashedyesterday.Learningacountry’scultureislikeopeningawindow,throughwhichyoucanknowaboutthatcountrybetter.三.介词根据从句所表达的意义而

四.当表示所有关系或是整体中的一部分时，常用ofwhich/whom引导定语从句Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomaredoctors.Thisisthehouse,thewindowsofwhich(whosewindow)areverybeautiful.四.当表示所有关系或是整体中的一部分时，常用ofwh五.介词短语+关系代词常见短语：

atthefootof;atthebakeof;infrontof;onthetopofEg:Theystayedinabighotel,infrontofwhichwasagarden.五.介词短语+关系代词常见短语：atthefoo六.名词（代词/数词）+of+关系代词该结构一般引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中一般做主语Eg;Thebuildinghadbeenrepaired,theroofofwhichwasdestroyedagaininthebigfire.六.名词（代词/数词）+of+关系代词该结七.介词+whose在定语从句中做定语，修饰其后的名词Eg:SheistheverypersoninwhosepocketIfoundmylostwatch.七.介词+whose在定语从句中做定语，修饰其后的名1.Guncontrolisasubject_____Americanshavearguedforalongtime.A.OfwhichB.WithwithC.AboutwhichD.Intowhich1.Guncontrolisasubject__2.ThehouseIgrewup____hasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.A.InitB.InC.InthatD.Inwhich2.ThehouseIgrewup____ha3.Tomreceivedtraininginacomputerforoneyear,_______hefoundajobinabigcompany.A.AfterthatB.AfterwhichC.AfteritD.Afterthis3.Tomreceivedtrainingina4.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,____wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.Withthat4.Wesawseveralnativesadva5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenWindows,mostof____hadn’tbeencleanedfortenyears.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which5.Hepaidtheboy$10forwas定语从句与其他从句的比较1.非限制性定语从句和单句/并列句的比较Hehastwosons.Bothof_____areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons,andbothof______areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons;bothof_____areteachers.（句）Hehastwosons,bothof_______areteachers.（句）A.them

B.whomA简单AA并列并列B定语从定语从句与其他从句的比较A简单AA并列并列B定语从分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句的一个关键。分析：注意标点符号和是否有连词是区分定语从句、简单句和并列句2.as引导的非限制性定语从句与

it引导的句子Theearthisround,and____isknowntoall.______isknowntoall,theearthisround.______isknowntoallthattheearthisround.

A.(I)it

B.A(a)sABA2.as引导的非限制性定语从句与ABA3.定语从句和状语从句(1)Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanliftit.（从句）Thisissuchabigstone_______noonecanlift.（从句）状语thatas定语分析：从引导词来看，状语从句中的that是连词，在从句中不充当任何成分，而定语从句中的as在从句中要作一个成分（主语，宾语或表语）。3.定语从句和状语从句状语thatas定语分析：从引导词来(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawerwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）Pleaseputtheletterwherehecaneasilyfindit.（从句）定语状语总结：where前面有被修饰的地点名词时，是定语从句，否则是状语从句。(2)Pleaseputtheletterint4.when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。ItwasOctober_______wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）ItwasinOctober_____wemetinBeijingforthefirsttime.（句）whenthat定语从强调总结：强调句句型：Itis/was+被强调的部分+that/who+其它部分，去掉Itis/was…that/who…,句子照样成立。而定语从句的引导词在句中要作一成分。4.when引导的定语从句与强调句句型。whenthat定解题技巧：1.通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。2.题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。3.分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主语或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词4.注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and,but等。解题技巧：即学即用：1)Yesterdaymyphysicsteachersetsuchadifficultexamproblem______noneofusworkedout.

A.that

B.as

C.sothat

D.whichB即学即用：B2)HereareplayersfromJapan,someof_________areouroldfriends.A.which

B.that

C.whom

D.themC2)HereareplayersfromJapan3)Itwaseleveno’clock___theywentoutofthecinema.A.which

B.that

C.when

D.onwhichC3)Itwaseleveno’clock___t1.I’llneverforgetthedays_____________weworkedtogether.2.I’llneverforgetthedays______we

spenttogether.3.Iwenttotheplace______________Iworkedtenyearsago.when/inwhichwhichwhere/inwhich几种易混的情况及物动词1.I’llneverforgetthedays4.Iwenttotheplace_______Ivisitedtenyearsago.5.Thisisthereason_____________hewaslate.6.Thisisthereason__________hegave.

whichwhy/forwhichthat/which及物动词及物动词4.Iwenttotheplace_______1.Lastweek,0nlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse，____wantedtobuythem.A.NoneofthemB.BothofthemC.NoneofwhomD.Neitherofwhom1.Lastweek,0nlytwopeoplThemanpulledoutagoldenwatch,-____weremadeofsmalldiamonds.A.ThehandsofwhomB.WhomthehandsofC.WhichthehandsofD.ThehandsofwhichThemanpulledoutagoldenwaThenewlybuiltcafe,thewallsof___arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especiallyafterhardwork.A.ThatB.ItC.whatD.whichThenewlybuiltcafe,thewallThat’sthenewmachian___partsaretoosmalltobeseen.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhoseD.whatThat’sthenewmachian___partsYouwillfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation__youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.A.WhichB.WhereC.whenD.asYouwillfindtaxiswaitingatJuliewasgoodatGerman,French,andRussian,allof____shespokefluently.A.WhoB.WhomC.WhichD.thatJuliewasgoodatGerman,Fren(2011·四川高考)Thatevening,_______Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.A．which

B．thatC．when D．what(2011·四川高考)Thatevening,_____(2011·陕西高考)Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.A．which B．where