内蒙古北京八中乌兰察布分校2020-2021学年高二上学期期中考试（学科素养评估二）考试英语试卷

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精PAGE23-版权所有@高考资源网学必求其心得，业必贵于专精乌兰察布分校2020—2021学年第一学期学科素养评估二高二年级英语试题注意事项：1。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。2.将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交回.第一部分：阅读理解（本大题共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ADiscoverBritainthroughliteratureLiteraturegivesyouthesafetyoftravellingwithinthecomfortsofyourownhome.IwouldliketotakeyouonajourneythroughGreatBritain。ThroughthesenovelsyouwillbeabletotransportyourselfanddiscoverthebeautyandthecultureofGreatBritain。PrideandPrejudicebyJaneAustenJaneAusten'sromanticnovelcentresaroundtheBennetfamilyduringthe19thcenturyandtheimportanceofmarriageandsocialexpectations。Thestyleofthenovelisusingexaggerated(夸张的）characterstomakefunofthesociety.Setting：Longbourn(afictionaltown）inHertfordshireTheHarryPotterSeriesbyJK.RowlingIt’shighlyunlikelythatyou’vemanagedtoavoidhearingofHarryPotter,evenifyouareamuggle(不会魔法的人）。Itisafantasticseriesofnovelswhichmakesyoubelieveinmagicandthatanythingispossible.Setting：HogwartsOliverTwistbyCharlesDickensThenovelfollowsOliver’slifeasanorphaninLondonandthecharactershemeetswhilelivingonthestreets。Setting:LondonHowGreenWasMyValleybyRichardLlewellynInthenovel,LlewellynwritesaboutaWelshfamilyandtheirlifeamongaminingcommunity.Itgivesreadersareallygoodrepresentationofthestrugglesfacedbythoselivinginthissortofcommunity.Setting：SouthWales1.Whichdealswiththemaincharacter'schildhood？A.PrideandPrejudice B.TheHarryPotterSeriesC.OliverTwist D.HowGreenWasMyvalley2.WhatcanweknowaboutHowGreenWasMyvalley?A。Itintroducesthehistoryofaminingcommunity.B.Ithelpsreaderslearnhowtofacedifficulties。C。Itencouragesreaderstoexplorethebeautyofnature。D。Itpresentsaminingfamily’slife。3.Whomakesreadersinterestedinmagicaccordingtothetext？A.JaneAusten. B.J.K.Rowling。 C.CharlesDickens. D。RichardLlewellyn。【答案】1。C2。D3.B【解析】这是一篇应用文.文章主要向作者介绍了几部有名的英文小说，通过小说来探索英国社会和发现英国文化之美.【1题详解】细节理解题。根据OliverTwistbyCharlesDickens部分的“ThenovelfollowsOliver’slifeasanorphaninLondonandthecharactershemeetswhilelivingonthestreets。"可知，这部小说讲述了奥利弗在伦敦的孤儿生活以及他在街上生活时遇到的人。即OliverTwist讲述的是主人公的童年时代.故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题.根据HowGreenWasMyValleybyRichardLlewellyn部分的“Inthenovel，LlewellynwritesaboutaWelshfamilyandtheirlifeamongaminingcommunity.”（在小说里，卢埃林描写了一个威尔士家庭和他们在一个采矿社区的生活)可知，HowGreenWasMyValley讲述了一个矿工家庭的生活。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题.根据TheHarryPotterSeriesbyJK.Rowling部分的“Itisafantasticseriesofnovelswhichmakesyoubelieveinmagicandthatanythingispossible。”（这是一部神奇的系列小说，它让你相信魔法,相信一切皆有可能）可知，JK.Rowling让读者对魔法感兴趣.故选B项。B“Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway。”Similarly,ifwedrinkalittlemorewatereveryday,wemayfindthatweneedtogotothedoctoralotlessoften.Ahealthydietismadeupofwaterandagreatmanydifferentkindsoffoods。Weknowthathealthyfoodslikefruits,vegetablesandfish,areimportantastheyprovideuswithenergyandfiber,withoutgivingustoomuchfatandsugar.Butwhyiswaterimportant？Thehumanbodyneedswatertosurvive.Waterisimportantasitcarriespoisonsandwasteoutofourbodies。However，doctorsadviseustodrinkplentyofwater,muchmorethanthesmallamountweneedtostayalive.Somedoctorsbelievethatwaterisimportantforourhealthinallkindsofways。Theybelievethatagreatmanyillnessesandhealthproblemsstartasaresultofdehydration（脱水)——alackofwaterinthebody.Mostpeoplearedehydratedatleastsomeoftime,althoughtheyprobablydon'tknowit。Itissurprisingtolearnthatifwefeelthirsty,wearealreadyinthefirststageofdehydration。Infact，weareadvisedtodrinkwaterbeforewefeelthirsty.Thesedoctorsthinkthathealthproblemssuchasheadacheshighbloodpressureandasthma(哮喘)couldbehelpedifpeopledrinkmorewater.Theyalsobelievethatdrinkingmorewatercanhelppeoplewhoareoverweight.Watercontainsnocaloriessoitwillnotmakeusputonweight.Ifwedrinkwater，wewillprobablydrinklesssugarysoftdrinkssuchasCoca-cola.Doctorsalsobelievethatdrinkingmorewatermaystoppeoplefromovereating.Theysaythatmanypeoplethinkthattheyarehungrywhentheyare,infact,thirsty。Doctorssuggest,therefore,thatweeatlessfoodanddrinkmorewater.Therearestillmanyhealthproblemsthatcannotbesolvedbydrinkingwater,soweshouldnotstopgoingtoseeingthedoctorcompletely。However,ifwemakeadecisiontodrinkwatereveryday，wemayfindthatweneedtogotothedoctoralotlessoften。4.Fromthetext,weknowwatercancarry_________.A.energyandfiberinourbodies B。fruit，vegetablesandfishinourbodiesC.sugarandfatoutofourbodies D。poisonsandwasteoutofourbodies5.Somedoctorsthinkthat________。A。somehealthproblemsarecausedbyalackofwaterB。waterisnotimportantforourhealthC。weshouldgotothedoctorlessoftenD。peopleeattoomuchsugar6.Lackofwatercausedpeopletoputonweighttoomuchbecause_______。A.theythinktheyarethirstyandeatless B.theythinktheyarehungryandeattoomuchC。waterhasnocalories D.itmakesthemthirsty7。Whichofthefollowingisn’tmentionedinthepassage?A.Theamountofwaterapersonshoulddrinkinaday.B。Somehealthyproblemsstartbecauseofalackofwater。C。Drinkingmorewatermaystoppeoplefromovereating。D。Fruit

provides

us

with

energy

and

fibre。【答案】4。D5.A6.B7。A【解析】本文属于说明文，文章主要讲述了水与人体健康的关系，告诉我们要每天多饮水，让身体处于健康状态。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Waterisimportantasitcarriespoisonsandwasteoutofourbodies。可知，水很重要,因为可以把毒素和废弃物排出体外，故D选项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题.根据第三段Theybelievethatagreatmanyillnessesandhealthproblemsstartasaresultofdehydration(脱水)——alackofwaterinthebody.可知，医生认为很多疾病和健康问题都是由于脱水导致的，故选A.【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句Infact,weareadvisedtodrinkwaterbeforewefeelthirsty.可以推断缺水时会让我们长胖，因为缺水时就去喝水和暴吃,其实在感觉口渴之前就应该去喝水。故B选项正确。【7题详解】推理判断题.通读全文可以知道，全文并未提及一个人一天可以喝多少水，故A选项符合题意。CResearcherscontinuetoshowthepowerbehindoursenseofsmell．Recentstudieshavefound，amongotherthings,thatthesmelloffoodslikepizzacancauseuncontrollableangerindriversonroads．Thereviewexplainsthatsmellisuniqueinitseffectsonthebrain．AccordingtoConradKing,theresearcherwhocarriedoutthereview,”morethananyothersenses,thesenseofsmellgoesthroughthelogicalpartofthebrainandactsonthesystemsconcernedwithfeelings。Thisiswhythesmellofbakingbreadcandestroythebestintentionsofadieter．”Smell,whichdictates（决定）theunbelievablecomplexityoffoodtastes,hasalwaysbeentheleastunderstoodofoursenses.Ournosesareabletodetectupto10，000distinctsmells．Ourabilitytosmellandtastethisextremelylargerangeofsmellsiscontrolledbysomethinglike1,000genes,whichmakeupanamazing3%ofthehumangenome．ResearchersRichardAxelandLindaBuckweretogetherawardedaNobelPrizein2004fortheirground—breakingresearchonthenatureofthisextraordinarysense．Thesetwoscientistswerethefirsttodescribethefamilyof1，000olfactory（嗅觉）genesandtoexplainhowourolfactorysystemworks．Accordingtoonestudyintheresearchreview，smellingfreshpizzaoreventhepackagingoffastfoodscanbeenoughtomakedriversfeelimpatientwithotherroadusers．Theyarethenmorelikelytospeedandexperienceuncontrollableangeronroads．Themostreasonableexplanationisthatthesecanallmakedriversfeelhungry，andthereforedesperatetosatisfytheirappetites．Incontrast，thesmellsofpeppermintandcinnamonwereshowntoimproveconcentrationlevelsaswellasreducedrivers’impatience．Similarly，thesmellsoflemonandcoffeeappearedtopromoteclearthinkingandmentalfocus．However,thewaygenesregulatesmelldiffersfrompersontoperson．AstudybyresearchersinIsraelhasidentifiedatleast50olfactorygeneswhichareswitchedoninsomepeopleandnotinothers．Theybelievethismayexplainwhysomeofuslovesomesmellsandtasteswhileothershatethem．TheIsraelresearcherssaytheirstudyshowsthatnearlyeveryhumanbeingshowsadifferentpatternofactiveandinactivesmell—detectingreceptors．8.WhatdidRichardAxelandLindaBuckfindout?______A.Thetypeoffoodsmells．B。Thelogicalpartofhumanbrain．C。Thenatureofhumanolfactorysystem．D。Therelationshipbetweenfoodandfeelings．9.Whichofthefollowingcanhelppeopleconcentrate?______A.Bread． B。Fastfood．C.Pizza． D.Coffee．10.Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph？______A。Differentpeoplearesensitivetodifferentsmells．B.Everypersonhasadifferentpatternofgenes．C。Somepeoplecanrecognizeupto50smells．D。Therearestillsomeolfactorygenestobefoundout．11.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?______A.Logicandbehavior． B。Smellanditsinfluence．C。Senseabilityandfoodtastes． D。Olfactorygenesanditssystem．【答案】8.C9。D10.A11.B【解析】这是一篇科普类阅读.文章主要介绍了人类的嗅觉基因和嗅觉系统，科学家们通过研究嗅觉基因和嗅觉系统是如何工作的，发现了嗅觉对我们的生活影响.【8题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第三段Thesetwoscientistswerethefirsttodescribethefamilyof1，000olfactory（嗅觉)genesandtoexplainhowourolfactorysystemworks。（这两位科学家首次描述了1000个嗅觉基因家族，并解释了我们的嗅觉系统是如何工作的。)由此可知RichardAxel和LindaBuck这两位科学家发现了人类嗅觉系统的本质，故选C.【9题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第五段Similarly,thesmellsoflemonandcoffeeappearedtopromoteclearthinkingandmentalfocus.可知喝咖啡有助于提高思考和注意力,故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题.答案定位在最后一段TheIsraelresearcherssaytheirstudyshowsthatnearlyeveryhumanbeingshowsadifferentpatternofactiveandinactivesmell—detectingreceptors。（以色列研究人员表示,他们的研究表明，几乎每个人的嗅觉感受器的活跃和不活跃模式都不一样。）由此可知不同的人对不同的气味敏感,故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。第一段Recentstudieshavefound，amongotherthings，thatthesmelloffoodslikepizzacancauseuncontrollableangerindriversonroads。（最近的研究发现,比萨等食物的味道会让道路上的司机产生无法控制的愤怒）是全文的主题句,结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要介绍了气味及其影响，故选B。DTheconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch。Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects。AstudyconductedinYoungstown，Ohio，forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime。Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15％moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants。TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse，evenunusualfunctions。Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.＂We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,＂explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow（发光）inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables。Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and—a—halfhours。Thelight，aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby，isjustastart.Thetechnology，Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps。Inthefuture，theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime。Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff＂switch＂wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS。Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(电源)-suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission（传输）.Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.12.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B。Abigfallincrimerates。C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants。13.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineer？A.Todetectplants’lackofwaterB。TochangecompositionsofplantsC.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger。D。Totestchemicalsinplants。14.Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?A。Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.B。Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.D。Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants。15。Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?B。Howdowelivewithglowingplants？C。Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution—free?【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物。文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程,以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，达到节约能源的作用。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio，forexample，discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime。Inanother，employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants。可知例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低.在另一项研究中,当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%.由此可知,第一段的主旨是关于绿色植物的益处。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.可知这就包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的有害化学物质.由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺水的情况。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy。可知发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源.由此可知，这种发光的植物在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission.Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.可知照明约占美国总耗电量的7%。由于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离,在传输过程中会损失大量能源.发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们发明这种植物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯,达到节约能源的作用.由此可知，C选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗?”最符合文章标题.故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoLoveYearParentsEvenifyouthinkthatyourparentsaremean-spirited（小心眼的)attimes,lovingyourparentsisanormalandfulfillingpartoflife.Youlovethemforthefactthattheycreatedyou,raisedyou,andareinpart，asourceofwhoyouare。___16___。Tellthemyoulovethemeverymorning。Agentle“goodmorning”and“Iloveyou”willwarmacoldestheart.Rememberthattheybroughtyouintothisworld.Withoutyourparents,wemightstillwanderatanunknowncornerinanunknownworld。Respectthemmoreandcherishthesemoments。Youcanusethesemomentstolearnfromthem，preparingyourselfforwhenyou’reoffonyourown.It’sOKtogetangrybutangryactionsdon’thelpyouoryourparents。Actcalmly，cooloff，writedownyourfeelings，ortalktoafriend。___17___。Obeytheirrequests.Itwillmakeyourattitudebetterandearnyoumorerespectfromthem.Itmayseemasifyouaregoingthroughhellwhenyoudon’tgetwhatyouwantoryouhavetoclean.However,youhadbetterremembertheykeeparoofoveryourheadwhenit’scold，raining，snowing，ortoohot.Understandthatparentsarehumanbeingsandmakemistakes。___18___Sinceyoucanforgiveyourfriends，whynotforgiveyourparents？Keepcompanywiththem.DothingswithyourparentslikewatchingTV,orgosomewherewiththem。___19___Listentotheiroldstoriesandlearnfromthem。Youwillfindtheyareyourteachersinthiswayoranother.Somepeoplesimplymaynotbeabletolovetheirparents。___20___Seekhelpifyouarebeingabusedinanyway。Parentsdonothavearighttoharmyou。A。Pleaserememberparentsareasimportantasfriends.B。Parentswillinturnexpresstheirlovetoyou。C.Forgivenessisthekey。D。Herearesomewaystoloveyourparents.E.Therecanberealisticreasonsforthis,familyviolenceforexample.F.Anyway，spendasmuchtimewiththemasyoucan。G.Afterthis,shareyourfeelingswithyourparents。【答案】16.D17。G18.C19。F20.E【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一些爱父母的方法:1。每天向父母问好；2。服从父母的要求；3.陪伴他们;4.如果受到虐待,就应该寻求帮助。【16题详解】本空是一个段落过渡句。起承上启下的作用。根据下文内容：都是介绍爱父母的方法.所以本句引出下文，D.Herearesomewaystoloveyourparents.（这里是一些爱父母的方法)符合语境.故选D。【17题详解】空前一句的意思是：不要生气，要冷静，可以在日记本上记下你的感受或者和朋友说说。G。Afterthis,shareyourfeelingswithyourparents.（然后,把你的感受和父母分享）符合语境.故选G。【18题详解】空前一句的意思是：父母是我们的天,给我们挡风遮雨，父母也是人，也会犯错误。空后一句的意思是：能原谅朋友，为什么不能原谅父母的错误呢？C.Forgivenessisthekey.(谅解是关键)符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】空前一句的意思是:和父母一起做一些事，如看电视，或者去某地；空后一句的意思是：听听他们的经历，你会想到很多。F。Anyway，spendasmuchtimewiththemasyoucan.（无论怎样，要尽可能地花些时间和他们在一起）符合语境。故选F.【20题详解】空前一句的意思是：有些人可能不能爱父母是因为某些原因.空后一句的意思是：父母没有权利伤害你.如果你被虐待，就应该寻求帮助。E.Therecanberealisticreasonsforthis,familyviolenceforexample。(可能有一些实际原因，比如家庭暴力）符合语境。故选E。第二部分：英语知识运用（本大题共两节,满分45分）第一节：完型填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wearechanged,sometimesinunexpectedways，bytheproblemsoflife。Oneday，WilliamOsler，abeloveddoctor，was___21___inoneofBritain’smilitaryhospitalsduringtheWorldWarⅠ.Hewascalledoutofthewardsduringhisdaily____22____tobegivenanimportantmessage.Hisownsonhadbeenkilledonthe____23____ofFrance。Shockedbythenews,hestillcamebackto___24___hisrounds.Foralongtimeafterwardhewas___25___different.Andthosewhoknewhimbestsaidthathe___26___asadoctorthatday。The___27___notewasgonefromhisvoiceandneveragaindidfriendshearthetunewhichhesooften___28___ashewentfromwardtoward。Thoughthesethingsnever___29___,somethingeventuallycametotaketheir____30____。Everyonenoticedanewsympathyinhiscareofthesoldierswhoeachday____31____infromthebattlefield。Before,hehadtheprofessional____32____ofthedoctor,soimportanttothepracticeofmedicine。Nowtherewasanaddedobviousnoteofa____33____sympathy,likethatofafatherforhisson。Likemostpeoplewhohave____34____suchlosses,Oslermusthavespentalotoftimeingreat____35____。Butashehealedandmixedthelossintohislife，itlefthima____36____person。Painwilldothat。Itchangesus,ofteninunexpectedways。Itcanleaveusangryand____37____，or,asinthecaseofOsler，itcanbringforth____38____suchassympathyortenderness.Theworldisfullofsuffering.Wecan’tavoiditnomatterhowhardwetry.Butthe____39____oflifeisoneofourgreatestblessings。Itteachesusthattheworldisalsofullofthe____40____ofsuffering.21。A.working B.resting C。studying D.marching22.A.break B.activities C.rounds D.stay23。A。tour B.field C。mountain D。river24.A。payfor B。throwaway C。pickup D.figureout25.A。noticeably B。perfectly C.eventually D。strangely26.A.changed B。balanced C.failed D.continued27。A。respectful B.cheerful C。helpful D。thoughtful28。A.wrote B.heard C.danced D.whistled29。A。broke B.left C。returned D.spread30.A.advice B.choice C。time D.place31。A。arrived B.streamed C。dropped D。jumped32。A。interest B。humor C。energy D.concern33.A.personal B.mental C.typical D.regular34A。handled B.experienced C.caused D.prevented35。A。anger B.joy C。sorrow D。regret36.A.boring B。famous C.positive D。different37。A.ruined B。amazed C.broken D。relaxed38。A。preferences B.determinations C。senses D.qualities39。A。struggle B.attempt C.comfort D。excuse40。A。selecting B。overcoming C。knowing D.avoiding【答案】21。A22.C23.B24.C25.A26。A27。B28.D29。C30。D31。B32.D33.A34.B35.C36。D37。C38。D39.A40.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了在一战期间，受人爱戴的WilliamOsler医生听到儿子阵亡的消息后，将自己的痛苦转化为工作的动力，战胜了痛苦。说明了生活的挣扎是我们最大的幸福之一,但世界上也充满了战胜苦难的过程.【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一天，备受爱戴的医生WilliamOsler，在第一次世界大战期间，正在一家英国军事医院中工作。A.working工作；B.resting休息；C.studying学习；D。marching前进，行军。由句中的“abeloveddoctor”和“hospital”可知，此处表示医生正在医院中工作。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析.句意：在他日常查房的时候，他被叫出病房，听到了一个重要的信息.A。break间断，休息；B.activities活动；C。rounds巡视；D。stay逗留。由下文“rounds."可知，此处表示医生在日常查房的时候被叫出去了.故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他儿子在法国战场上阵亡了.A。tour旅游，旅行;B。field领域，战场；C。mountain山，山脉；D。river河流.由句中的“duringtheWorldWarⅠ"可知此处指法国战场.故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:他被这个消息震惊了，但还是回来继续查房。A。payfor赔偿，为…而付钱；B。throwaway扔掉，丢弃；C.pickup捡起,（汽车；飞机）乘载;D.figureout解决，算出。由上文的“Hewascalledoutofthewardsduringhisdaily（2)”可知,此处表示继续刚才的工作。故选C.【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：此后很长一段时间里，他明显不同了。A。noticeably显著地，引人注目地；B。perfectly完美地;C.eventually最后，终于;D。strangely奇怪地.由下文的“The7notewasgonefromhisvoiceandneveragaindidfriendshearthetunewhichhesooften8ashewentfromwardtoward。”可知，此后很长一段时间里，他明显不同了。故选A.【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些最了解他的人说,他在那一天成为了一名“医生"。A。changed改变；B.balanced用天平称，保持稳定,使….。.相称；C.failed失败;D.continued继续。由句中的“asadoctor”可知，此处表示改变的意思。他在那一天成为了一名“医生”。故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他那欢快的音调从他的声音中消失了，朋友们也再也听不到他在病房间经常吹的那个曲调了。A.respectful恭敬的，有礼貌的；B.cheerful快乐的，愉快的；C。helpful有帮助的，有益的；D。thoughtful深思的，体贴的。根据“hewas5different。”可知，医生曾经吹的欢快的口哨声消失了。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析.句意同上。A.wrote写；B。heard听见；C.danced跳舞；D。whistled吹口哨。由句中的“fromhisvoice”可知,朋友们也再也听不到他在病房间经常吹的那个曲调了。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这些东西再也没有回来过，但有东西最终取代了它们的位置。A.broke破坏;B。left离开；C.returned返回；D.spread传播。由上文的“neveragaindidfriendshearthetune"可知，此处表示曾经欢快的的口哨声再也没回来过.故选C.【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.advice建议；B.choice选择；C。time时间；D。place地点.由下文的“Everyonenoticedanewsympathyinhiscareofthesoldiers”可知，此处表示取代,替代。有东西最终取代了它们的位置。takeone'splace取代某人的位置，代替，固定短语。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:每个人都注意到他对每天从战场上涌来的士兵们的关怀有了一种新的同情。A。arrived到达；B。streamed流，涌进；C。dropped下降，掉下;D.jumped跳。由句中的”fromthebattlefield”可知,此处表示每天从战场上涌来的士兵们，用streamin蜂拥而入，固定短语。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析.句意:以前，他有医生的专业关怀，这点对医学实践很重要.A.interest兴趣；B.humor幽默；C.energy能量,精力；D。concern担心,关心.由上文的“Everyonenoticedanewsympathyinhiscareofthesoldierswhoeachday(11)infromthebattlefield。”可知，以前WilliamOsler医生有医生的专业关怀，现在是对受伤战士的同情.故选D.【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：还有一种明显的个人同情，就像父亲对儿子的同情一样.A.personal个人的;B.mental精神的；C.typical典型的；D.regular定期的，有规律的。由句中的“likethatofafatherforhisson”可知，这是一种个人的情感。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：像大多数经历过这种损失的人一样，奥斯勒一定在很大的悲痛中度过了很多时间。A。handled处理;B.experienced体验；C。caused导致；D.prevented阻止。由句中的“suchlosses"可知，像大多数经历过这种损失的人一样。奥斯勒一定在很大的悲痛中度过了很多时间.故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A。anger愤怒；B.joy高兴；C。sorrow悲伤;D。regret后悔。由下文的“Butashehealedandmixedthelossintohislife."可知，此处表示斯勒一定在很大的悲痛中度过了很多时间。故选C。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但当他治愈了伤痛，并将伤痛融入生活时，他就变成了另一个人。A。boring无聊的；B。famous著名的；C。positive积极的；D。different不同的。由下文的“Itchangesus,ofteninunexpectedways。"可知，痛苦改变了WilliamOsler医生，使他变成了另一个人。故选D。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析.句意：它可以让我们愤怒和心碎,或者，就像奥斯勒的例子一样,它可以带来一些品质，比如同情心和柔情.A。ruined毁灭的，荒废的;B。amazed大为惊奇的,惊讶的；C。broken破碎的，坏掉的；D.relaxed放松的，自在的.句中and之前是angry，其后并列的应该与angry同义，选项中broken适合。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.preferences偏好；B.determinations决心；C。senses感觉，官能；D。qualities品质。由句中的“suchassympathyortenderness"可知,这是一种品质。故选D.【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但生活中的挣扎是我们最大的幸福之一。A。struggle斗争,挣扎;B。attempt企图,试图；C.comfort安慰，舒适;D。excuse借口，理由。由上文的“Theworldisfullofsuffering.”可知，生活中充满了挣扎。故选A.【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它告诉我们，世界上也充满了战胜苦难的过程.A。selecting选择，挑选;B。overcoming克服;C.knowing知道；D.avoiding避免.由上文的“Theworldisfullofsuffering.Wecan'tavoiditnomatterhowhardwetry。”可知,生活中充满了苦难，但是也会有战胜苦难的过程。故选B。第二节：语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Scienceexperimentscanhelpyoutounderstandthereasonbehindanythingandeverything。Aswegrowup,wegettoknowmanythingswhichwewouldbe___41___(astonish）toseeaskids。___42___(make）akidunderstandthedifferencebetweenmagicandreality，youneedtoshowhimthesciencebehindit.Youwillnotfaceanydifficultyindoingsoastheyarealwayseagertoknowaboutit。Itisabasichumanabilitytorememberthingswhichhe___43___(watch)anddoesbyhimself.Hence（因此)practicalexercisesareveryimportantforchildrenintheirdailylife。Fewthingsyoushouldkeepinmindwhile___44___(select）theexperimentsforkids。The___45___(much)importantthingistotakeasimpleconcept.Iftheconceptistoodifficult，___46___willbedifficultforchildrentofinishthatexperiment.Soyoushouldselectsimpleexperimentswhicharerightfortheirage.Theotherthingisthatyouneedtochoose___47___experimentswhicharenotpoisonousandwitheasy___48___（equip）andthatcanbehandled___49___(easy）byyourkids。Child’ssafetyshouldbeyourpriority(优先考虑的事情)。Iamgoingtogiveyousomescienceexperiments____50____willhelpyoutomakethesesmallkidsunderstandsimplefactswithcompletesafetyinmynextarticle。【答案】41.astonished42。Tomake43。watches44。selecting45.most46.it47。the48。equipment49.easily50。that【解析】本文是一篇说明文.主要介绍了科学实验是让孩子了解科学的主要途径。为此,作者给出了一些在挑选实验的时候应该注意的一些事项.【41题详解】考查形容词.句意：随着我们的成长，我们会了解很多我们小时候看到会惊奇的事情。根据上文be可知应填形容词作表语，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词astonished，表示“感到惊奇的”。故填astonished。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了让孩子明白魔术和现实的区别，你需要向他展示背后的科学。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中作目的状语应用不定式。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Tomake。【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是一种人类的基本能力，记住他自己看和做的事情。根据后文“anddoes"可知此处为一般现在时，主语为he，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数.故填watches。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在为孩子选择实验时,你应该记住几件事.分析句子结构可知select在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语you构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语.故填selecting.【45题详解】考查形容词最高级.句意：最重要的是要有一个简单的概念.根据上文定冠词“The”以及句意“最重要的”可知应填形容词最高级，themostimportant最重要的。故填most。【46题详解】考查形式主语。句意：如果概念太难，孩子们就很难完成实验.此处为句型“itbe+adj.+forsb。todosth.”，it在句中作形式主语,不定式为真正主语.故填it。47题详解】考查冠词。句意:另一件事是，你需要选择无毒的，使用简单的设备且你的孩子可以轻松操作的实验。名词experiments后面有定语从句修饰，故本空填定冠词，表示特指。故填the。【48题详解】考查名词.句意:另一件事是,你需要选择无毒的，使用简单的设备且你的孩子可以轻松操作的实验。此处作介词with的宾语应用名词equipment，且equipment不可数。故填equipment。【49题详解】考查副词。句意同上.修饰动词handled应用副词easily，作状语。故填easily.【50题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在下一篇文章中，我将给你一些科学实验,帮助你让这些小孩完全安全地理解简单的事实。此处为定语从句，先行词scienceexperiments（指物)由some修饰，关系词用that，在从句中作主语，故填that。第三部分：写作（本大题共两节，满分35分）第一节:短文改错（共10小题;每小题1分；满分10分)51。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改.增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2。只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分。InDecember2012，myfathertoldmysisterandmethathecouldnˈtaffordbuyusanyclothesthatyear，notevenourtraditionaltreatsofapples，oranges,andcandy。Heardwhatmyfathersaid,mysisterandIbothfeltalittlesadly.However,wequiteunderstoodhimself。Mymotherhadbeenhadanillnesstheyearbeforeandwasfrequentlygoingtothehospital,sotherewerenomoneyforNewYear.OnNewYearˈsEve,weheardaknockonthedoor.Two