内容参考教程

UNIVERSITYOFCAMBRIDGEINTERNATIONALEXAMINATIONS

InternationalGeneralofSecondaryEducation

MARKSCHEMEfortheOctober/November2011questionpaperfortheguidanceofteachers

0420COMPUTERSTUDIES

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Paper3,

umrawmark60

Thismarkschemeispublishedasanaidtoteachersandcandidates,toindicatetherequirementsoftheexamination.ItshowsthebasisonwhichExaminerswereinstructedtoawardmarks.ItdoesnotindicatethedetailsofthediscussionsthattookceatanExaminers’meetingbeforemarkingbegan,whichwouldhaveconsideredtheacceptabilityofalternativeanswers.

Markschemesmustbereadinconjunctionwiththequestionpapersandthereportontheexamination.

Cambridgewillnotenterintodiscussionsorcorrespondenceinconnectionwiththesemarkschemes.

CambridgeispublishingthemarkschemesfortheOctober/November2011questionpapersformostIGCSE,GCEAdvancedLevelandAdvancedSubsidiaryLevelsyllabusesandsomeOrdinaryLevelsyllabuses.

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1 (a)Anytwopointsfrom:

GanttchartPertchart

ProjectManagementSoftware

Spreadsheet(software) [2]

Onemarkforidentificationofmethod

OnemarkforidentifyingwhythemethodidentifiedwouldbesuitableforthefurnitureretailerUptotwomarksforafurtherexnationthatmatcheschosenmethod.

Method -questionnaire

Exnation-eachsetofquestionsguidessalesman/customer/filingclerkthroughtheiruseoftheexistingsystem

noneedforysttobepresentcanleavequestionnaireforcustomers/salesmenfilingclerks

usefulascansurveymanycustomers

allowscustomers/salesmenfilingclerkstoremainanonymous

savesyst’stimeetc.

Method -interview

Exnation-allowsquestionstobetailoredtosalesmen/filingclerk(NOTcustomers)

allowssalesman/filingclerktogivetheirownpointofview

allowsfollowupquestionstobeasked

suitableforthesmallnumberofsalesmen/filingclerksworkinginthefurnitureshowroometc.

Method -search/inspection

Exnation-allowsclosescrutinyofallcustomer/rorders

allowsidentificationofdatarequiredforcomputerisedfurnitureorderingsystem

providesinformationforthedesignoforderforms

thereisplentyofpaperworkavailabletolookatinthefilingcabinetsetc.

Method -observation

Exnation-givesfirst-handknowledgeofhowfurnitureorderingsystemworks

closesupervisionofsalesmen/filingclerkensuresthatthatnothingismissed

canobservesalesmenandclerksintheshowroomwithoutdisruptingtheprocessesetc. [8]

Onemarkperdevice,onemarkperreasonmustberelevanttospecifiedcomputer-basedfurnitureorderingsystem.

hiresolutionscreen

picturesoffurniture/orderformsneedtobeclear

largeharddisk/DVDwriter/CDwriter

manyorderformsandpicturesoffurniturerequirelargeamountofstoragespace

(laser)printer

printoutcustomers’and/orrs’orderforms

touchscreen/tablet

forsalesmantochooseitemoffurniture/entercustomerdetails/orders

barcodereader/scanner

toidentifyitemoffurniturewhensold/arrives

keyboard

toentercustomer/orderdetails [4]

Onemarkforperprocess,max3

Furnitureitemselection

Producecustomerorder

Updatethedailytakings

Produceordersforrs

Checkdaystakings

Onemarkperinput,max2

Customerdetails

Furnitureitemchoice

Barcode

Onemarkperdatastore,max2

rfile/database

Customerfile/database

Ordersfile/database

Takingsfile/database

Database

Onemarkperoutput,max3

Picture/Descriptionoffurnitureitem(screennotpaper)

rorder(paper)

Customerorder(paperand/orscreen)

Dailytakingstotals [8]

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Threemarksreasonsgiven

canbetailoredtomeettheneedsofthefurnitureretailer

cancontacttheactualprogrammersifthereisaproblem/programerrorscanfixedquickly

softwarecandevelopasitisusedbythesalesmen/filingclerk

doesn’tcontainanyfeaturesnotrequiredbythefurnitureretailer [3]

OnemarkperpointTestdatamax2

Useoftestdatasets

normaltestdatahasknown es

extreme/boundarytestdhecksvalidationrules

abnormaltestdatashouldproduceerrormessages

mentionofnormal,abnormal,andextremedata

Typesoftestingmax2

Blackbox

Whitebox

System

Alpha

Beta

Acceptance

Useretc.

Other

testingthattheorderingsystemmeetstherequirementsforthefurnitureretailer

volumetestingetc. [4]

Onemarkperexample,onemarkperreason

- 1234

thischecksthatsystemcanacceptappropriateinputs

- 12345

thischecksthatdataofthewronglengthisrejected/datahastherightnumberofdigits

w2yz

thischecksthatnon-numericdataisrejected [6]

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Onemarkperpoint,onemarkperreason

howtoloadthesoftware

soitcanbeinstalledreadytouse

howtorunthesoftware

sotheapplicationcanbestartedforregularuse

frequentlyusedgeneraltasks

howtosave/delete/amend/update(etc.)files

typicalscreenlayouts

sothatusersknowwhattoexpect

typicalprintoutpected

sothatusersknowwhatisavailable

sampleruns

providesknowledgeofwhattoexpectineverydayuse

showhowtotroubleshoot/whattoferrorsoccur

sothatcommonproblemscanbeeasilysortedout

hardwarerequirementsforthesystem

sothattherearenoproblemswithinstallation

softwarerequirementstorunthesystem

sothattheapplicationworksapected

howtocarryoutspecifiks

…suchasprintingorders/checkingtakingsetc.

howtodobarcodescanning

…forselectinganitemoffurnituretobepurchased/whenanorderarrivesfromaretc. [8]

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Onemarkforchosenmethod

Twomarksfordescriptionofthatmethod

Twomarksforreasonschosen,mustmatethodchosenandbeappliedtothefurnitureretailer.

Method -Directchangeover

Description-newsystemrecesoldsystemimmediay/overnight

notransitiontime/overlap

Reason -noneedtorun2systemebysidesolespensiveforfurnitureretailer

immediatebenefitstofurnitureretailerfromnewsystem

lessdisruptivetoshowroomstaff/salesmen/filingclerk

morelikelytoworkwhenfirstinstalledthefurnitureshowroomsinceitwillhavebeenfullytestedfirst

Method -Parallelimplementation

Description-operatebothsystemstogethersidebyside

foraperiodoftime

Reason -goodfortrainingshowroomstaff/salesmen/filingclerksincebothsystemscanbecompared

ifnewsystemfailsshowroomstaff/salesmen/filingclerkcanuseoldmanualsystemasabackup

Method -Pilotimplementation

Description-adoptnewsystemforoneronly

thenadoptforotherswhenfullyoperational

Reason -caneasilyre-introduceoldmanualsystemifproblemsoccuratpilotr

makessuresystemfullyworksbeforeadoptingforallrs

Method -Phasedimplementation

Description-partofsystem(e.g.furnituredatabase)

introducedinitiallyfortrials

ifitisOK,graduallyintroduceotherpartsofthenewsystem

Reason -ifaproblemoccurs,showroomstaff/salesmen/filingclerkcanstopusingitanystage

allowstrainingandshowroomstaff/salesmen/filingclerktogainconfidenceinitsoperation [5]

Onemarkperadvantagemustberelevanttocomputerisedfurnitureorderingsystem.

muchfasterresponsetocustomerrequests

lesslikelihoodforordering/r/customer/furnitureinformationtobelost

fewersalesmen/filingclerksarenowrequired/lesswagesneedtobepaid

reductioninpaperworkfororders

fewererrorsinorderformsetc.

lessspaceneededforlargefilingcabinetsetc. [3]

Onemarkperlimitationmustberelevanttocomputerisedfurnitureorderingsystem.

atbusytimessalesmenmayhavetowaitfor