备战 中考【中考语法考点梳理+真题必刷】定语从句

备战中考【中考语法考点梳理+真题必刷】定语从句【考点梳理】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。考点主要集中在限制性定语从句关系代词的选择。Part1考点梳理考点一、关系词的作用关系词常有三个作用：①引导定语从句②代替先行词③在定语从句中担当一个成分【注】A：作宾语从句时可以省略Heshowedmethephotos(that/which)hetookyesterday.他给我看了他昨天拍的照片。B：作主语时谓语动词的数取决于先行词Hisclassmatestaughthimsomeskillswhich/thatwereveryuseful.他的同学教了他一些非常有用的技能。考点二、关系词的选择（一）关系代词的选择常考关系代词:that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)指人，作主语who/that指人，作宾语whom/who/that/省略（/）指物，作主语which/that指物，作宾语which/that/省略（/）作定语-whoseIprefermusic(that/which)Icandanceto,itcanhelpmerelax.(指物,作宾语）我更喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐，它能帮助我放松。Weshouldbethankfulforthepeoplewho/thathelpedandsupportedus.（指人,作主语）我们应该感谢那些帮助和支持我们的人。China'sfirstAItextbookthat/whichisforprimaryandhighschoolstudentswasintroducedtothepublicin2019.(指物,作主语）中国首本面向中小学生的人工智能教材于2019年向公众推出。Heisoneofthepeople（who/whom/that)Iadmirethemost.(指物,作宾语）他是我最钦佩的人之一。Wemustcallthewomanwhosebagisleftinthedininghall.(作定语）我们必须给那个包忘在餐厅里的女人打电话。（二）关系副词的选择（了解）关系副词：when和where（在定语从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语）1.when的用法when代替的先行词是表示时间的名词，在定语从句中作时间状语。when往往可以由介词+which代替。Canyoutellmethetimewhen/atwhichthefilmwillstart?你能告诉我这部电影什么时候开始吗？2.where代替的先行词是表地点的名词，在定语从句中作地点状语。where往往可以由介词+which代替。HaveyoueverbeentoHangzhou，whereliestheWestLake?你去过杭州吗？那是西湖的所在。考点三、定语从句中只能使用关系词that不能使用which的情况1.当先行词是不定代词时,如:all,few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything等。2.当先行词被不定代词little,few,no,any等或被theonly,thevery,thesame等修饰时。3.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。4.先行词既有人又有物时。5.在疑问词which开头的句子中。考点四、定语从句中只能使用关系词which不用that的情况1.介词+whichToenteragoodhighschool,weshouldn'tonlystudythesubjectsinwhichweareinterested.为了进入一所好的高中，我们不应该只学习我们感兴趣的科目。2.非限制性定语从句中（非限制性定语从句：从句为独立成分，不受主句限制，去掉后，主句仍然成立）Themeeting,whichwasheldinourschool,wasagreatsuccess.这次会议在我们学校举行，非常成功。Part2真题必刷1．（2023·青海·统考中考真题）Abestfriendisaperson_________isalwaystherewhenyouneedhimorher.Asthesayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”A．whom B．whose C．who2．（2023·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）Iwillremembertheimportantpeople________helpedandsupportedmeinmylife.A．which B．whose C．whom D．who3．（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）Today’sChinaisacountry________keepstothisnationalcharacter.A．what B．who C．that4．（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）GuoMoruoisafamousChinesewriter________ispopulararoundtheworld.A．which B．whom C．who5．（2023·黑龙江·统考中考真题）—Whatcanwedofortheleft-homechildren________needhelp?—Wecouldhelpthemwiththeirstudyonlineonweekends.A．which B．who C．whom6．（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Mrs.WangisanEnglishteacher________makesherclasslively.A．which B．whose C．who7．（2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）LeiFengisagreatperson________setsagoodexampletous.A．who B．which C．whose8．（2023·新疆·中考真题）LotsofChineseyoungpeople___________werebornafter1995usedoor-to-doorcookingtosavetime.A．that B．those C．which D．/9．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）MissXiangisagreatteacher_________alwaysmakesherclasseslivelyandfascinating.A．which B．who C．what D．whom10．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnothing________can’tbeachieved.A．who B．that C．whom11．（2023·吉林·统考中考真题）Thestudentsarereadingbooks________arefullofthe“redspirit”thesedays.A．who B．where C．which12．（2023·四川成都·统考中考真题）Heshowedmethephotos________hetookathisgraduationceremony.A．that B．who C．what13．（2023·四川达州·统考中考真题）—TheLifelongJourneyisoneofthemosttouchingbooks________Ihaveeverread.—Yeah,thebookisfantasticandIamlookingforwardto________itagain.A．that,reading B．which,toread C．that,toread14．（2022·内蒙古·中考真题）—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Iprefermovies________givemesomethingtothinkabout.A．who B．that C．what D．/15．（2022·西藏·统考中考真题）Accordingtoarecentstudy,adults________oftendohouseworkmightstayhealthyintooldage.A．when B．which C．who D．what16．（2022·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Tom,whatkindofstoriesdoyouprefer?—Theones________haveahappyending.A．that B．who C．those D．whom17．（2022·广西玉林·统考中考真题）—Volunteeringisameaningfulactivity.—Iagree.Weshouldexpressthankstothepeople________dovolunteerjobs.A．whom B．what C．who D．which18．（2022·湖南邵阳·统考中考真题）—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike,Linda?—Ilikemusic________Icandanceto.A．when B．that C．what19．（2022·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）Ican’tforgettheteachersandtheuniversity________Ivisitedtwoyearsago.Theybringmemanysweetmemories.A．that B．which C．what20．（2022·湖北十堰·统考中考真题）Studentslovetheteachers________areoutgoingandhumorous.A．who B．whom C．which D．whose21．（2022·四川自贡·统考中考真题）—WhatdoyouthinkoftheMonkeyKing?—Ithinkhe’sahero________keepsfightingtohelptheweakpeople.A．who B．where C．whose22．（2021·四川甘孜·统考中考真题）—Doyouknowthegirl________isstandingoverthere?—Yes.Sheismysister.A．when B．where C．who D．which23．（2021·四川巴中·统考中考真题）Theapp“MAYI”encouragespeopletogiveawaytheclothes________theydon’tneedtothepoor.A．what B．whom C．who D．that24．（2021·西藏·统考中考真题）We’llneverforgettheheroes________bringpeoplehopeindifficulttimes.A．which B．whom C．whose D．who25．（2021·江苏徐州·统考中考真题）AgathaChristiewasafemalewriter________isconsideredthequeenofcrimenovels.A．what B．whose C．who D．which26．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江·统考中考真题）Isthisthemuseumyouvisitedlastyear?A．where B．that C．inwhich27．（2021·吉林长春·统考中考真题）Iwillneverforg