小学pep英语语法总复习课件

《小学英语》语法专项复习蛟河市红星小学李景艳《小学英语》蛟河市红星小学李景艳1一、名词二、代词三、冠词四、动词五、介词六、数词七、形容词和副词八、therebe结构九、句式1.肯定句2.否定句3.疑问句4.祈使句十、时态：1.一般现在时2.一般过去时3.现在进行时4.一般将来时十一、“wh”“how”引导的特殊疑问句一、名词八、therebe结构2《小学英语》语法一、名词《小学英语》语法一、名词3一、名词名词具体名词抽象名词普通名词专有名词个体名词集体名词名词可数名词不可数名词单数复数一、名词名词具体名词抽象名词普通名词专有名词个体名词集体名词4名词复数形式的构成形式变化规则发音例词一般情况+s1.清辅音结尾的名词后[s]2.浊辅音结尾的名词后[z]；3.元音结尾的名词后[z];books,cupsdogs,,armsdays,players以-s,-sh,-ch,-x,结尾的名词+es[iz]buses,dishes,boxes,watches,以-o结尾的有生命力的名词+es[z]tomatoes,potatoes，以元音字母o结尾的名词+s[z]photos,pianos以辅音字母加y结尾的名词把y改成i再加es[z]stories,babies以f和fe结尾的大多数名词把f或fe改成v再加es[z]leaves,knives不规则名词的复数由元音字母的变化构成：man-men,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,woman-women2.有些名词的复数形式与单数的形式一样：Japanese,Chinese,sheep,deer3.特殊变化：child-children名词复数形式的构成形式变化规则发音例词一般情况+s1.清辅5Practicepeach_________ 2.potato_________3.class_________ 4.box_______5.story_________ 6.woman_________7.house___________ 8.photo_________9.monkey__________ 10.leaf__________11.mouse___________12.foot__________13.child___________ 14.sheep___________peachespotatoesclassesboxesstorieswomenhousesphotosmonkeysleavesmicefeetchildrensheepPracticepeach_________ 6《小学英语》语法二、代词《小学英语》语法二、代词7二、人称代词+物主代词主格： I we you she he it they宾格： me us you her him itthem形容词性物主代词： my our your her his its their名词性物主代词：mine ours yours hers his its theirs我/我们你/你们她/他/它/他们后跟名词能够在句子中独立作主语、宾语或表语二、人称代词+物主代词主格： I we 8Practice_______(她)ismysister.2.Sheoftenplayssportswith__________(她)father.3.Pleasesend_________(我)anemailsoon.4.Howcan_______(我们)getthere?Let_____(我们)ask______(他).5.________(他)hasglasses,_________(他的)shoesareblack.6.Canyouhelp_________(我)with________(我的)English.7.________(你)mustkeep_________(你的)roomclean。8.________(他们)arenewshoes.CanItry_______(它们)on?9.Whosecoatisthis?--It’s_______(我的).10._______（我们的）booksarenew,theseare_______(他们的).ShehermeweushimHeHismemyYouyourTheythemmineOurtheirsPractice_______(她)ismysiste9所有格所有格的形式单数人称名词末尾加‛s Mike-Mike’s不规则的复数人称名词末尾加‛s

children-children’s以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加‛

girls-girls’以-s结尾的一些人名末尾加‛s James-James’sof所有格表示无生命的名词一般与of构成短语，表示所属关系。of所有格翻译时英汉顺序不同“AofB”要翻译为“B的A”。如：apictureofBeijing一幅北京的图画’s结构也可以用于“of”结构之后，如：afriendofmyfather’s,出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一个限定词，又如：afriendofyours,acousinofhers等等。所有格所有格的形式of所有格of所有格翻译时英汉顺序不同10《小学英语》语法三、冠词《小学英语》语法三、冠词11冠词不定冠词a,an定冠词the只能用于单数可数名词之前单数可数名词复数可数名词不可数名词冠词不定冠词a,an定冠词the只能用于单数可数名词之前单数12不定冠词a/an的用法：表示“一”，“任何一个”或“不管哪一个”的意思。

Ihaveasisterandtwobrothers.2.在某些度量表示法中：

WehavePElessonsthreetimesaweek.3.用在单数的名词前，以表示职业、行业、宗教、等级等。

Mikewantstobeateacher.4.在以what引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名词前。

Whataprettygirl!5.一些常用短语中。

haveagoodtime,halfanhour.不定冠词a/an的用法：13定冠词the的用法：用来表示“独一无二”的意思。

Thesunrisesintheeast.2.表示“说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物”。

Thereisaboatintheriver.Theboatissmall.3.用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前。

TheletterfromAmerica.4.用在泛指的乐器名词前。

Heplaysthepiano.5.一些常用短语。

bytheway,inthemorning.定冠词the的用法：141.Thereis_____eraseronmydesk._____eraserisnew.2.Thereis______bottleonthetable._____waterinitissweet.3.Mike'smotheris_____Englishteacher.Sheworksin____university.4.Chinais______ancientcountrywith_____longhistory.5.Lastyear,Iwentto____GreatWallwithmysister.6____sunrisesintheeast7.Threemeals___day.8.Icansee____moonat___nightPracticeantheaTheanaanatheTheathe/1.Thereis_____eraseronmy15《小学英语》语法四、动词《小学英语》语法四、动词16四、动词

动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，有时态、语态、语气等形式的变化。

小学阶段所涉及的动词主要有：实义动词、be动词、情态动词can等。四、动词动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，有时态17Be动词am,is,arewas,wereBe动词am,is,arewas,were18Practice1.He________verygoodatEnglish.2.MyfatherandI________goingtoBeijingnextmonth.3.________youondutythedaybeforeyesterday?4.Mr.King________inLondontwoweeksago.5.There________manykindsofanimalsinthezoo.6.What________thedateyesterday?7.Look!Alittlegirl________flyingakite.8.Who________notatschoollastMonday?9.They________inthehospitallastnight.10.I______notanurse.isareWerewasarewasiswaswereamPractice1.He________verygo19动词的基本形式原形第三人称单数现在式过去式现在分词studystudiesstudiedstudyingdodoesdiddoinghavehashadhavinglearnlearnslearned/learntlearning动词的基本形式原形第三人称单数现在式过去式现在分词study20第三人称单数现在式情况变化规则例词一般情况+sworks,learns,eats,needs结尾为s,x,sh,ch,o+espasses,washes,teaches,goes,fixes结尾为辅音字母+y变y为i+escarries,studies,flies,hurries,cries

动词be和have的第三人称单数现在式分别是is和has。第三人称单数现在式情况变化规则例词一般情况+sworks,21动词的过去式构成规则变化规则例词一般情况+edwork---workedplay---played结尾是e的+dlive---livedhope---hoped末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节的词先双写这个辅音字母再+edstop---stoppedtrip---tripped结尾是辅音字母+y先变y为i再+edstudy---studiedworry---worried动词的过去式构成规则变化规则例词一般情况+edwork---22英语中动词变为过去式的不规则变化的规律1.把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变．如become—became,come—came2．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam，3．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：drive—drove，ride—rode，win—won，write—wrote4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：get—got，forget—forgot5．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept6.动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：stand—stood7．改动词原形中的aw／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw英语中动词变为过去式的不规则变化的规律238．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式如：break—broke，speak—spoke9．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：sell—sold，tell—told10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是［:t］的过去式。如：buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught11．以ould结尾且读音为［ud］的情态动词过去式。如：can—could，shall—should，will—would12．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：hear—heardsay—said13．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：cut—cut,hurt—hurt,let—letput—put，read—read，set—set14.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have／has—had，leave—left，lose—lost，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，smell—smelt，take—tookwake—woke，wear—wore8．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式24现在分词情况变化规则例词一般情况+ingdoing,asking,helping以不发音的e结尾的动词去e加inghaving,taking,writing,living以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ingrunning,swimming,putting,sitting现在分词情况变化规则例词一般情况+ingdoing,ask25原形第三人称单数现在式过去式现在分词have

givegetread

sleepplay

carry

hashadhavinggivesgavegivinggetsgotgettingreadsreadreadingsleepssleptsleepingplaysplayedplayingcarriescarriedcarryingPractice原形第三人称单数现在式过去式现在分词havegive26《小学英语》语法五、动词的时态《小学英语》语法五、动词的时态27五、动词的时态

动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表示方式的一种动词形式。小学阶段所学的时态有：1.一般现在时：work/works2.现在进行时：am/is/areworking3.一般过去时：worked4.一般将来时：am/is/aregoingtoworkwill+work五、动词的时态动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间28一般现在时

通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。常与时间副词连用：always,often,usually,every…,onSundays,twiceaweek等。基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句Iwork.Wework.Idon′twork.Wedon′twork.DoIwork?Dowework?Youwork.Youdon′twork.Doyouwork?Theywork.Theydon′twork.Dotheywork?SheHeworks.ItSheHedoesn′twork.ItsheDoeshework?it一般现在时通常表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作或目前的状态。29现在进行时

通常表示说话时或现阶段正在发生或进行着的动作。它所表示的动作具有持续性、暂时性和未完成性。常见的与现在进行时有关的词有：now,look,listen等。基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句Iamworking.Weareworking.I′mnotworking.We′renotworking.AmIworking?Areweworking?Youareworking.Youaren′tworking.Areyouworking?Theyareworking.Theyaren′tworking.Aretheyworking?SheHeisworking.ItSheHeisn′tworking.ItsheIsheworking?it现在进行时通常表示说话时或现阶段正在发生或进行着的动作30一般过去时通常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，其中也包括习惯性动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用：yesterday,last…,…ago,justnow,in1998等。基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句Iworked.Weworked.Ididn′twork.Wedidn′twork.DidIwork?Didwework?Youworked.Youdidn′twork.Didyouwork?Theyworked.Theydidn′twork.Didtheywork?SheHeworked.ItSheHedidn′twork.ItsheDidhework?it一般过去时通常表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或基本结构肯定句否31一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或情况。常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用：tomorrow,next…,thisevening...Begoingtodo表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要做某事；也可以表示“预见”，即现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句I’mgoingtowork.We′regoingtowork.I′mnotgoingtowork.Wearen′tgoingtowork.AmIgoingtowork?Arewegoingtowork?You′regoingtowork.Youaren′tgoingtowork.Areyougoingtowork?They′regoingtowork.Theyaren′tgoingtowork.Aretheygoingtowork?SheHeisgoingtowork.ItSheHeisn′tgoingtowork.ItsheIshegoingtowork?it一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或情况。基本结构肯定句否定句一般32Peter________(play)basketballtwiceaweek.2.I________(live)inthevillagewhenIwasachild.3.Look!Thecat____________(sleep)inthesofa.4.There_______(be)abookandtwopensonthedesk.5.

_____you_______________(see)afilmtomorrowmorning?6.She____________(notplay)theguitaratthemoment.7.What______hisfatherusually_______(do)intheevening?8.They______________(have)ameetingnextweek,aren'tthey?9.BothheandI________(be)teachers.10.I___________(notfeel)verywellyesterday.11.Heputonhiscoatand_________(go)out.12.Heoften____________(have)dinneratschool.NextSunday,we___________________(visit)theGreatWall.14.Hurry!Yourmother____________(wait)foryouattheschoolgate.PracticeplayslivedissleepingisAregoingtoseeisn’tplayingdoesdoaregoingtohavearedidn’tfeelwenthasaregoingtovisitiswaitingPeter________(play)basketba33《小学英语》语法六、介词《小学英语》语法六、介词34六、介词介词在句子中表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系。不能单独作句子成分，常位于名词或代词（或与之相当的其他词类、短语、从句）前面构成介词短语。介词后面的成分作介词的宾语。方位介词in,on,at,under,to,behind,beside,near,before,infrontof,nextto,between时间介词in,on,at,after,before,from…to,past,between

其它of,by,with,into,outof,for,

六、介词介词在句子中表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系。不能35Practice1.Look_____thepicture.It'sapicture___myschool.

2.Thereisaschoolbuilding____myschool.Ithasfivefloors.thereisabigplayground.________school,thechildrenalwaysplaygamesthere.

3.Myclassroomis____thefifthfloor.4.MissLicomes______schoolearlyeverymorning.Shecomes____bus.shedoesmorningexercises______us.Tomorrowisherbirthday.Wewillmakeacard___her.5.Therearesomeapples_____thetree.6.–Where’syourstudy?–It’snext____mybedroom.7.Thecar_____thetreeisJack’s.8.Theballis________thedoor,soyoucan’tseeit.9._______________thehouse,therearemanytrees.10.Listen!Someoneisknocking____thedoor.11.Thereissomethingwrong_____mycomputer.atofinAfterontobywithforontounderbehindInfrontofatwithPractice1.Look_____thepict36《小学英语》语法七、数词《小学英语》语法七、数词37七、数词表示数目的词称为基数词表示数目顺序的词称为序数词1—12的基数词：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve13—19的基数词：

thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen20—90的基数词：

twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety21—29的基数：

twenty-one,twenty-two,twenty-three,twenty-four,twenty-five,twenty-six,twenty-seven,twenty-eight,twenty-nine

-teen-ty十位数和个位数之间要加连字符号“-”七、数词表示数目的词称为基数词1—12的基数词：-teen-38英语序数词第1-19除了first,second与third有特殊形式外，其余的都由基数词加后缀-th构成。

注意：fifth,eighth,ninth和twelfth的拼法。2.十位数的序数词的构成方法是：先把十位数的基数词的词尾ty中的y变为i，然后加后缀-eth,如：

twenty—twentieth,forty—fortieth3.十位数的序数词如果含有1-9的个位数时，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词，中间用“-”连字符。如：

twenty-fourth,ninety-fifth

基数词变序数词的口诀：基变序，有规律，1,2,3特殊记；th从4起，8少t,9去e,ve要用f替；ty几十变y为ie，然后再加th;若想表示几十几，只变个位就可以。英语序数词第1-19除了first,second与thir391.Thereare__________seasonsinayear.2.Thereare__________daysinaweek.3.Father’sDayisonthe_________SundayofJune.4.The________dayofaweekisMonday.5.Iliveonthe_________(4)floor.6.WeareinClass________（3）.7.Thereare________（12）monthsoftheyear.8.Thisismy________（1）bag.9.MybirthdayisDec.________（21）.10.Todayismy________(11)birthday.fourseventhirdsecondfourththeretwelvefirst21steleventhPractice1.Thereare__________seasons40《小学英语》语法八、形容词和副词《小学英语》语法八、形容词和副词41八、形容词和副词形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的词。副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词。Heisagood

student.2.Thefilmisvery

interesting.3.Lucyisolder

thanHelen.Theproblemisverydifficult.2.Hewrotetheletterscarefully.八、形容词和副词形容词是用来描写或修饰名词（或代词）的词。副42形容词和副词的比较级和最高级情况比较级最高级一般情况+er,

如：taller,longer,faster,sooner+est,

如：tallest,longest,fastest,soonest以e结尾的词+r,如：later,nicer,larger+st,如：latest,nicest,largest以重读闭音节结尾的词双写最后一个字母，再+er,如:bigger,fatter双写最后一个字母，再+est，如：biggest,fattest以辅音字母加y结尾的词把y改为i再+er,

如：busier,earlier把y改为i再+est,

如：busiest,earliest大部分多音节词在前面加more,如：morecareful,在前面加most,如：mostcareful,不规则的词：good/well,many/much,farbettermorefarther/furtherbestmostfarthest/further形容词和副词的比较级和最高级情况比较级最高级一般情况+er,43比较级的用法1.用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示“比……更……一些”的意思，通常用一个由从属连词than引导的状语从句来表示和什么相比。为了避免重复，从句中有些成分可以省略。如：HelenistallerthanLucy.HegotmoreinformationthanIdid.HerunsfasterthanI.比较级的用法1.用来把彼此独立的事和人进行比较，表示“比…44比较级的用法2.为了表示持续不断的变化，我们可以用“双重比较”的方法，这种结构后面不可跟than引导的比较状语从句。如：Heiscryingharderandharder.Ourcountrygetsmoreandmorebeautiful.Computersaregettingsmallerandsmaller,andcomputingfasterandfaster.比较级的用法2.为了表示持续不断的变化，我们可以用“双重比45Practice1.Shanghaiis________thanBeijing.Itis____________cityinourcountry.(large)2.9.I’m____(tall)and______(heavy)thanyou.3.Marydrawsas______asBill,andsheismuch_______thanhimatsinging.(well,good)4.Springiscoming.Theweatherisgetting________and_________.(warm)5._Look!How__________Kittyis!(happy)6.Itisalittle__________todaythanyesterday.(wet)7.MrsBrownismuch________thanMrBrown.(healthy)8.Whichdoyoulike_________,basketball,volleyball,orfootball?(well)largerthelargesttallerheavierwellbetterwarmerwarmerhappywetterhealthierbestPractice1.Shanghaiis_______46《小学英语》语法九、Therebe句型《小学英语》语法九、Therebe句型47Therebe的结构肯定句：Thereis/wasa…Thereare/were…一般疑问句:Is/Wasthere…?Yes,thereis/was.No,thereisn’t/was.Arethere…?Yes,thereare/were.No,therearen’t/weren’t.否定句：Thereisn’t/wasn’t….Therearen’t/weren’t….Therebe表示“存在有”,即当我们告诉某人某事存在(或不存在)常用这种结构。其中there是引导词,本身无词义;be为谓语动词,后面跟的是名词,也就是主语,也就是说therebe结构的运用也就是倒装的具体运用。其真正的主语在therebe之后。Therebe的结构肯定句：Thereis/wa48Therebe

的结构Some和any

一般情况下，some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句中。如：

Thereissomemilkinthebottle.Therearen’tanypicturesonthewall.Isthereanythingnewintoday’snewspaper?3.特殊疑问句：What’sinthebasket?Therearesomeeggsinit.2)Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?Therearefiftystudents.2.Be动词与后面所跟名词的就近原则：

Thereisapenandtwopencilsinthebox.Therearesomestudentsandateacherintheclassroom.Therebe的结构Some和any3.特殊疑问句494.Therebe+no+可数名词复数/不可数名词

a/an+可数名词

=Therebe+not+any+可数名词复数/不可数名词=小学pep英语语法总复习ppt课件50Practice1．There________

noteainthecup．

A．is

B．are

C．has

2．

Thereis____“f”and_____“u”intheword“four”．

A．an；a

B．a；a

C．an；an

3．Thereissome

________

ontheplate．

A．apple

B．bread

C．sandwich4．There________

somepaperandapenonthedesk．

A．is

B．are

C．have

5．There'sgoingto________

intomorrow'snewspapers．

A．havesomethingnew

B．havenewsomething

C．besomethingnew

6．Thereissomemilkinthebottle，________？

A．isn'tthere

B．aren'tthere

C．isn'tit

7．________arethereonthetable？

A．Howmanyapples

B．Howmuchbread

C．Howmuchbreads

8．Thereis________

oldwomaninthecar．

A．×

B．a

C．an

AABACAACPractice1．There________

not51《小学英语》语法十、“Wh”的特殊疑问句《小学英语》语法十、“Wh”的特殊疑问句52“Wh”的疑问句What——1)What’sthis/that?2)What’syourname?3)Whatareyoudoing?4)Whatdoyoulike/need?5)Whatdidyoudo?6)Whatishisjob?7)Whatdoyouusuallydoontheweekend?8)Whatareyo