美国文学工大浪漫主义

The

literature

ofRomanticismAmerican

Romanticism1.

It

started

with

the

publication

of

WashingtonIrving's

The

Sketch

Book（1819）and

ended

withWhitman's

Leaves

of

Grass（1855）;2.

It

was

a

rebellion

against

the

objectivity

ofrationalism.

For

romantics,

the

feelings,

intuitionsand

emotions

were

more

important

than

reason

andcommonsense;3.

The

writers

emphasized

individualism,

placing

theindividual

against

the

group.

They

affirmed

the

innerlife

of

the

self,

and

cherished

strong

interest

in

thepast,

the

wild,

the

remote,

the

mysterious

and

thestrange.2American

Romanticism4.

the

writers

stressed

the

element

of“Americanness”

in

their

works;5.

Being

a

period

of

the

great

flowering

ofAmerican

literature,

it

is

also

called

theAmerican

Renaissance;6.

American

Romanticism

is,

in

a

certainway,

derivative.3Characteristics

of

AmericanRomanticismI.

The

American

national

experience

of "pioneering

into

the

west"

proved

to

be

a

rich source

of

material

for

American

writers

to

draw upon.

They

celebrated

America's

landscape

withits

virginprairies,forests,

meadows,

groves,

endlessstreams,

and

vastwilderness

came

to

functionoceans.

Thealmost

as

adramatic

character

that

symbolized

moral

law.4characteristics

of

AmericanRomanticismII.

American

Puritanism

as

a

culturalheritage

exerted

great

influences

overAmerican

Romanticism:American

romantic

writers

tended

more to

moralize

than

their

English

and European

counterparts.a

preoccupation

with

the

Calvinistic

view of

original

sin

and

the

mystery

of

evil marked

the

works

of

Hawthorne,

Melville and

a

host

of

lesser

writers.characteristics

of

AmericanRomanticismWith

the

growth

of

American

nationalconsciousness,

American

character

types

speaking

local

dialects

appeared

inpoetry

and

fiction

with

increasingfrequency.New

England

Transcendentalism

is

themot

clearly

defined

Romantic

literarymovement

in

this

period.Distinct

Feature

of

AmericanRomanticism1.

It

was

the

expression

of

“a

realnew experience”;2.

It

tended

to

be

didactic

because

of Puritan

influence;3.

It

was

both

imitative

and independent7Distinct

Feature

of

AmericanRomanticismThemes:

home,

family

and

children,nature,

idealized

love;

Apathy

to

majorproblems

of

American

lifeTechnique:

Traditional

meters

and

stanzaforms,

British

English,

stereotypedmetaphors,

explicit

and

superficialsymbolismMajor

writers

of

this

periodPoets:

Henry

Wordsworth

Long

Fellow,

EdgarEllen

Poe,

Walt

Whitman,

Emily

DickinsonFiction:Washington

Irving--

comic

fablesJames

Fenimore

Cooper

--

frontier

adventuresNathaniel

Hawthorne

--

psychological

romancesEdgar

Allen

Poe

--

Gothic

talesMajor

writersof

theromanticperiodThere

emerged

a

great

host

of

men

of

letters during

this

period,

among

whom

the

better- known

are

poets

such

as

Philip

Freneau,

William Cullen

Bryant,

Henry

Wordsworth

LongFellow, James

Russel

Lowell,

John

GreenleafWhitter, Edgar

Ellen

Poe,

and,

especially,

Walt

Whitman, whose

Leaves

Of

Grass

established

him

as

the most

popular

American

poet

of

the

19th

century.10Major

writersof

theromanticperiodThe

fiction

of

the

American

Romantic

period

is an

original

and

diverse

body

of

work.It

ranges

from

the

comic

fables

of

Washington Irving

to

the

Gothic

tales

of

Edgar

Allen

Poe, from

the

frontier

adventures

of

James

Fenimore Cooper

to

the

narrative

quests

of

Herman Melville,

from

the

psycho1ogical

romances

of Nathaniel

Hawthorne

to

the

social

realism

of Rebecca

Harding

Davis.11Washington

Irving

(1783-l859)the

first

American

writers

to

earnaninternational

reputationFather

of

the

American

literatureHis

The

Sketch

Book

markedthebeginning

of

American

romanticism北京师范大学2003年《英美文学》14.

whichcontainsstorieslike“RipVan

Winkle”

and

“The

Legend

of

SleepyHollow”

was

a

great

success.北京第二外国语学院2006年硕士研究生入学考试试卷英语专业文学专业综合考试1卷VIII.

Complete

the

following

sentences

bychoosing

and

mark

the

best

alternative

(A,

B,

Cor

D)

in

each