中央空调安装调试难点及处理措施中英文对照解读

00中心空调安装调试难点分析及处理措施中英文比照Analysisandtreatmentmeasuresofdifficultinstallationofcentralair—conditioningengineering随着经济建设的不断进展和人们生活水平的不断提高,中心空调系统已经成为大型建筑和中心空调工程安装调试质量，发挥中心空调应有的效能.Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandtheimprovementofpeople”slivingstandard,thecentralair-conditioningsystemhasbecomeanindispensableimportantfacilitiesoflargebuildingsandofficeenvironment.Howthecentralairconditioningeffect？Tomeettheneed?Inadditiontothedesignandconstruction,keyring，liesintheinstallationanddebuggingworkquality,itwilldirectlyaffecttheair—conditioningeffect。Difficultiesincentralair—conditioningengineeringinstallationprocessareanalyzed,andputsforwardsomemeasuresaccordingtotheproblems，inordertofurtherimprovethequalityofinstallationofcentralair-conditioningengineering,playacentralairconditioningeffectiveness.1空调系统结露 空调系统在运行中发生结露,导致消灭风管及吊架结露风口滴水、天花滴水、墙面渗水发霉、墙面涂料脱落等现象虽然不会造成太大的事故，但已经影响到了观感和使用功能，给用户使用和大楼物业治理带来很多不便，并造成了肯定的经济损失。其缘由为保冷施工不标准，保冷层厚度不达标,保冷措施未发挥作用等等。因此，保温保冷的施工应聘请技术过硬的施工队进展施工。airconditioningsystemofdewcondensationintheoperationoftheairconditioningsystem ，ledtotheemergenceofwindpipeandoutletwater，condensation,hangerceilingdripping,wallseemoldy,wallpaintoffphenomenon,althoughnotcausetoomuchoftheaccidet buthasaffectedtheperceptionandusefunction,theuseandthebuildingpropertymanagementtobringalotofinconvenience,andcausedacertaineconomicloss。Thereasonforthecoldnon—standardconstruction，coldlayerthicknessisnotstandard,coldmeasuresdoesnotplayarole。Therefore，constructionofthermalinsulationcoldfortheconstructionteampleaseskilledconstruction.风管的处理:目前中心空调风管主要有无机材料复合风管和镀锌铁皮风管两种.无机1“://jinzhongwc/“://jinzhongwc/ “://jnxinliang/“://jnxinliang/低,成品板材现场切割制作、安装比较便利等特点，保温层一般为2cm厚聚苯烯泡沫。由于材料构造比较合理，一般很少消灭结露现象,施工前应重点检查板材有无剥壳、胀板变形等状况。11windpipeprocessing:thecentralair—conditioningductmainlyinorganicmaterialcompositewindpipeandgalvanizedironducttwo。Theinorganicmaterialcompositewindpipeconsistsoftwofloorswithmildinorganicmaterialwithacompositelayerofinsulationmaterial，hastheadvantagesoflightweight,notburning,lowcost,finishedplatemaking，fieldcuttinginstallationmoreconvenient,theinsulationlayerisgenerally2cmthickpolystyrenefoam。Becausethematerialstructuremorereasonable，rarelydewingphenomenon,shouldfocusonexaminationofsheethasnopeeling,bilgeplatedeformationbeforeconstruction。空调水管道的处理:空调水管道温度低，消灭结露的概率比较大，需要重点处理。施工时需严格掌握供、回水及冷凝水管道和其他管道、风道、梁、柱、墙体之间的距离,常规15cm以上，以便于保温工程的施工及确保保温质量，对于管道与支、吊架接触部位,正常状况下需增加木瓦管托，如无条件，也可以局部裹贴橡塑发泡板，再用卡箍收紧。同时需要留意各条管线应单独进展绝热施工。1。2airconditioningwaterpipeline：airconditioningwaterpipetemperatureislow,thereiscondensationprobabilityisbig，needtofocusontreatment。Whenconstructionshouldstrictlycontrolthesupply，betweenwaterandcondensatewaterpipelineandotherpipelines，ducts,beam，column，walldistance，normaldistancecontrolin15cmabove，inordertofacilitateheatpreservationprojectconstructionandensurethattheinsulationquality，forthepipelineandbranch，hangercontactsite,undernormalcircumstancesshouldincreaseshinglespipesupport，suchasnoconditions，canalsopartiallycoatedrubberandfoamboard，andthentightentheclamp.Atthesametimetheneedtopayattentiontoeachlineshouldbeinsulatedconstructionalone。死角部位的处理：风道、水管紧贴梁底、墙边及穿墙的部位也是保温施工的关键部位，如正常施工有困难，可以先在这些部位做好简易模具,再承受局部聚氨酯发泡填充，在风道、水管与障碍物接触周边外表形成保温层，以此隔离死角部位与空气的接触。1.3cornerpartsofthekeypartsofairduct，waterpipe：closetothebottomofbeam，wallandwallpartisinsulationconstruction,suchasthenormalconstructiondifficulty,canbethefirstto“:///“:/// “://tayibang/“://tayibang/dieintheseparts，andlocalpolyurethanefoamfilling,intheairduct，waterpipeandthebarrierisformedonthesurfaceofthecontactperimeterinsulationlayer，inordertoisolatedeadpartsandaircontact。1。4送风口的处理:一般而言，相对封闭或面积较小的房间及走道的送风口消灭结露的可能性较大，梅雨季节尤为明显,分析缘由主要有以下几点。Treatmentof1。4inlets：Generallyspeaking,theroomandcorridorrelativelyclosedorsmalleroutletdewingpossibilityislarger,therainyseasonisparticularlyevident，analysisthemaincausesareasfollows。①空调区域内的空气相对湿度大：夏季,特别在梅雨季节或者雷雨天，空气相对湿度大,水蒸气多，空调送风口很简洁产生结露现象。Theairconditioningareatheairrelativehumidity：summer，especiallyinrainyseasonorthunderstormdays，airrelativehumidity，watervapor,theairoutletiseasytoproducecondensation.②空调送风温差大：在某些时段，冷水温度比较低，而风机送风量又偏小,引起送风温差偏大，从而消灭结露现象.这时可以适当手动调小风机盘管末端进水阀开度,加大风机送风量，从而减小送风温差.Theairtemperature：atcertainhours,coldwatertemperatureisrelativelylow,andthefanairvolumeissmall，causethesupplyairtemperaturedifferenceistoolarge,resultingincondensation.Atthistimecanbemanuallyadjustablesmallfancoilendinletvalveopening,increasethefanairflow，therebyreducingthesupplyairtemperaturedifference.③送风口为铝合金材质：目前空调风口大局部承受铝合金材料制作，由于是金属外表，结露会比较严峻。在购置风口时应留意：a)托付生产厂家在铝合金外表进展喷塑处理，降低风口外表温度；b〕在风口法兰边后侧敷贴PE保温条，削减气流与风口的换热.由于空调送风量大、温差小，送风口消灭结露现象的概率比较小。Theairoutletforaluminumalloymaterial：thecurrentairconditioningmostoftheuseofaluminumalloymaterials,duetothemetalsurfacecondensationwillbemoreserious。Shouldpayattentiontointhepurchaseofair：a)commissionedbythemanufacturerstosprayonthesurfaceofaluminumalloytuyere，reducesurfacetemperature;b)PEinsulationstripattachedtotheoutletflangebacksidedressingreducetheheatflowandair。Becausetheairvolumelarge，smalltemperaturedifference,theprobabilityofoutletcondensationisrelativelysmall。“://jinzhongwc/“://jinzhongwc/ “://jnxinliang/“://jnxinliang/2。空调器噪声大、有振动The2airconditionernoise,vibration3体积较小,消灭问题的概率小；组合式空调机组、柜式变风量空调器由于体积大，机械设备功率大，消灭问题的概率较大，需要逐步排查。Centralair-conditioningendequipmentgenerallyhaveacabinettypeairconditionersets，VAVairconditioningandfancoilunit3.Fancoilhastheadvantagesofsmallvolume，smallprobabilityofoccurrenceproblem；cabinetcombinedtypeairconditioningunits，VAVairconditionerduetolargevolume，mechanicalequipmentpower，thegreatertheprobabilityproblem，needtograduallyinvestigation.2。1检查设备内部：系统调试前，按规定必需进展单机试运转，检查工程包括:空调器内部有无施工残留物，减振器或垫块是否安装到位,底脚螺栓和相关紧固件是否拧紧，风机叶轮是否摩擦蜗壳,轴承是否有润滑油，电动机皮带松紧如何等等,以保证设备自身有良好的运行条件.2。1internalinspectionequipment:beforedebugging,stand-alonecommissioningrequiredbytheregulations，inspectionitemsinclude：theairconditionerhasnoconstructionresidues，shockabsorberorblockisinstalledinplace,thefootboltandtheassociatedfasteneristightened，thefanimpellerfrictionwormshellbearingforlubrication,themotorbeltHowtowait,toensurethattheequipmenthasgoodoperatingconditions。2。2检查全部与空调器连接的部位是否有软接头:空调水管与空调器连接必需承受可曲挠法兰橡胶软接头.风管与空调器连接部位需安装静压箱,静压箱的主要作用有两点：①降低送、回风气流噪声;②合理混合并安排气流.静压箱与空调的连接可以用铝箔复合通风软管,也可以用三防帆布软接头。2。2checkallpartsconnectedwiththeairconditionerisasoftjoint:airconditioningpipeandairconditionerconnectingmustadoptflexibleflangesoftrubberjoints.Thewindpipeandairconditionerconnectingpartsneedtoinstallstaticpressurebox,therearetwomaineffectofstaticpressurebox：toreducesend，returnairnoise；thereasonablemixingandgasdistribution。Connectedstaticpressureboxandairconditioningcanusealuminumfoilcompositeventilationhose,canalsousethreecanvassoftjoint。2。3检查吊杆是否加装减振垫块或弹簧减振器：对于风量小的吊顶空调器，由于电动“:///“:/// “://tayibang/“://tayibang/机功率小、振动小,可以在机组根底与设备吊架横托之间加装减振橡胶板垫块;风量大的空调:设备总质量÷吊杆数量〔一般为4根〕×〔1。3～1。5〕(系数〕,因此在吊装前需具体了解设备质量,否则，弹簧减振器选用偏大会影响减振效果。Checkwhethertheinstallationof2。3hangersdampingpadorspringshockabsorberforceilingairconditionerair:small，becausethemotorpowerissmall，smallvibration,dampingrubberpadblockcanbeinstalledbetweenthebaseunitanddevicehangertransversesupport；airconditioningairvolumecanbeaddedontheliftingrodspringshockabsorber,selectioncriteriaspringshockabsorberfor：thenumberofequipmentquality/boom(usually4〕×〔1.3~1.5)(coefficient〕,soweneedadetailedunderstandingofthequalityofequipment,beforeinstallationotherwise,springanddamperselectionbiaswillaffectthedampingeffect。2.4检查设备吊架上是否接有其他用途:,网架的主吊筋固定在空调器周边，并与空调器保持肯定距离，以便空调器检修.2.4checktheequipmentonthehangerisconnectedwithotheruses:intheairconditionerinstallationends,shouldbeindependentofanincreaseinitsbottomangleorsquarecrossarmformgrid,asotheruseshangerhangingthesupportframe,mainhangerisfixedontheairconditioner，andkeepsacertaindistancewiththeairconditioner，sothatairconditioningmaintenance。3局部区域空调效果差 系统调试时消灭的局部区域空调效果差的现象,可以从以下几个方面来排查并处理.Localairconditioningeffectofair—conditioningeffectof3localareadifferentialsystemdebuggingwhenthepoorphenomenon,canfromthefollowingseveralaspectstotheinvestigationandtreatment。3。1检查空调器过滤网是否脏 在施工中，由于施工环境比较脏，灰尘很简洁进入设备内部，设备运行肯定时间后，过滤网会发生堵塞，造成空调器进风受堵,送风量偏低。3.1checktheairconditionerfilterisdirtyintheconstruction,duetorelativelydirtyconstructionenvironment，dustcaneasilyentertheinsideofthedevice,equipmentoperationafteracertainperiodoftime，thefilterblockagecanoccur,causedbyblockingtheairconditionerairinlet，airflowislow.“://jinzhongwc/“://jinzhongwc/ “://jnxinliang/“://jnxinliang/3。2检查风阀是否完全开启3。2checkvalveisfullyopen未准时开启或全部翻开，造成空调器送风受堵、风量偏低。Thewindpipeinstallationprocess，duetoconstructionworkersdonotpayattentiontoorfirevalvelinkagedebuggingsend,returnairmainairvalvefailstoopenorfullyopenedresultinginairbyblockingtheairconditioner,low。3。3检查有无异物堵塞表冷器checkwhethertheforeignbodyblockingthesurfacecooler弯头比较多,或者受现场条件限制以及有些施工人员职业素养不高等缘由，造成管道冲洗不干净,管道内残渣较多,最终堵塞空调表冷器的进口，影响水和空气的换热。Accordingtothespecification，chilledwaterpipingandequipmentarerequiredtowashbeforeconnection,intheactualsituation，becausethepipelineislong,bendmore,orrestrictedsiteconditionandsomeconstructionpersonneloccupationqualityisnothigh,resultinginpipelinecleaningnotclean，residueinthefinaljammorepipes，airimporttablecold,theheattransfereffectsofwaterandair.软接头，清理表冷器进口。Ifthetablecoolerofthepipelineisprovidedwithafilter,toremovingcleaning,ifnotinstalled,softconnectordismountingandcleaningunit，asurfacecoolerinlet.系统内有空气3.4systemwithair在冷水管网注水过程中，假设注水速度过快，管网内会残留大量空气，水流淌循环后，这局部空气会集中在系统顶部或其他区域，造成局部空调器内冷水不流淌或流淌不畅,影响换热.Inthecoldwaterpipenetworkwaterinjectionprocess，iftheinjectionspeedtoofast，thepipenetworkwithintheresidualamountsofair，watercirculation,theairwillbeconcentratedinthesystemorontopofotherregions，causinglocalairconditioningcoolingwaterdoesnotflowortheflowisnotsmooth，effectofheattransfer.“:///“:/// “://tayibang/“://tayibang/这种状况下，需手动开启空调器放气旋塞和翻开系统高点排气阀排气。由于自动排气阀中，可以在排气支管上安装一个三通，三通水平端安装一般闸阀，向上端安装自动排气阀,在管网注水过程中,可以翻开闸阀，让管网内的空气快速大量排出，正常后再关闭，使用自动排气装置排气。Inthiscase，theneedtomanuallyopenairconditioningventplugandopenthesystemhighexhaustvalve。Theautomaticexhaustvalveslowly,thereforeintheconstruction，canafewexhaustdeviceinstalledinreturnforcharge,thehighestpoint,intheactualproject，athreeisinstalledontheexhaustpipethreehorizontalendinstalledordinarygatevalvestheinstallationofautomaticexhaustvalveinthepipenetworktotheupperend,intheprocessofwaterinjection,canopenthevalve,lettheairinsidethepipefastdischarge，normalafterclosing,automaticexhaustexhaustuse.3。5水流量调整安排不合理3。5waterflowregulatingunreasonabledistribution阀门，以分别掌握不同场所的水流量,在调试中需调整好这些阀门的开启圈数,保证每个场所空调水系统的顺当循环和流量的合理安排.Designersinthedesignofthesystem，accordingtotherequirementofdemandandconservationofdifferentfunctionalareas,theamountofthevalveinstalledinthewaterseparator，waterflowofdifferentplaces,theneedtoadjustthevalveopeninglaps,ensurethereasonabledistributionofeachplacessmoothcirculationandflowofairconditioningwatersystem。4.冷水机组制冷量达不到额定值Coolingcapacity4chilleramountedtolessthantheratedvalue者在这里只谈几点粗浅的生疏。Refrigerationunitistheheartofcentralairconditioningsystem，suchastheemergenceofrefrigerationcapacityofrefrigerationunitstandardsarenottheproblem，hasagreatinfluenceonthecentralairconditioningsystem.Thecauseoftherefrigeratingcapacitynottheproblemmore,itisdifficulttoanalyzecompletetechnologyknowtheauthoronlytalkedafewsuperficialhere。“://jinzhongwc/“://jinzhongwc/ “://jnxinliang/“://jnxinliang/4。1实际冷负荷超出机组制冷量4.1actualcoolingloadexceedstherefrigerationcapacity设计时,对于制冷机组的制冷量要求，设计人员已经进展了具体的冷负荷计算.但在施工过程中,业主有时会在不是设计范围内的场所增加空调设备,因此,需核对实际空调效劳面积是否超出图纸设计范围,如超出,冷负荷会比制冷量大，造成机组冷水出水温度偏高.Thedesignforthecoolingcapacityofrefrigerationunits，requirements,designpersonnelhavecarriedoutadetailedcalculationofcoolingload.Butinthecourseofconstruction，theownerswillsometimesnotindesignrangeofplacesincreasedairconditioningequipment,therefore，needtochecktheactualairconditioningserviceareaisbeyondthescopeofdesigndrawings,suchasbeyond,coolingloadthanlargerefrigeratingcapacitycausedbytheunit,outlettemperatureofchilledwater.4。2冷却水参数达不到规定要求The4。2coolingwaterparametersdonotmeetrequirements冷却水的水温顺流量是制冷机组运行时很重要的参数机组效率会产生很大的负面影响,对冷却水参数是否到达规定要求肯定要多加重视和检查。另外，在设计和土建施工时，要尽量将冷却塔布置在相对空旷的屋面上,塔的数量超过2台时，需保证相邻塔的间距为塔直径的1～1。5倍以上,以保证各塔的进风气流不受影响。Thecoolingwatertemperatureandflowrateareimportantparametersofrefrigerationunitinoperation，thetemperatureofcoolingwaterandhighflowissmallontheefficiencyoftherefrigeratingunitwillhaveagreatnegativeimpact,onthecoolingwaterparametersmeetsthespecifiedrequirementsmustpaymoreattentionandcheck.Inaddition，inthe