牛津高中英语模块5-Unit2-Grammar-and-usage课件

牛津高中英语模块5Unit2Grammarandusage牛津高中英语模块5Unit2GrammarandusTHEENVIRONMENT-ingformGrammarandusageTHEENVIRONMENT-ingformGrammaThislessonisboring.Therearesleepingstudentsinclass.

（表语）（定语）Thislessonisboring.（表语）（定语Functionsasanadjective:V-ing形式可以同形容词一样置于名词之前修饰名词。

有时V-ing形式也可用副词修饰。V-ing形式亦可以同定语从句一样置于名词之后修饰名词，可以转化成定语从句。V-ing形式可以用作表语或宾语的补语。Functionsasanadjective:V-4.ThemanwhoisrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang.2.ThemanrunninginthepictureisLiuXiang.1.arunningman3.Themanrunningfastestgotthefirstplace.Attribute:4.Themanwhoisrunningint小结:V-ing形式作定语可表示动作正在进行（如例1、2）或表示和所修饰词之间有逻辑主动关系（如例3）。小结:V-ing形式作定语可表示动作正在进行（如例1、

单个V-ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之前（如例1）；V-ing词组修饰名词则置于名词之后（如例2、3），此时相当于一个定语从句（如例4）。单个V-ing词作定语修饰名词一般置于名词之前Rewritethefollowingsentenceswithattributiveclauses.TheteacherteachingusEnglishisMsZhou.

=Theteacher

whoisteachingusEnglish

isMsZhou.RewritethefollowingsentenceThepeoplesittingbehindusareallteachers.TheexpertcomingfromLishuiisaladycalledMsCai.=Thepeoplewhoaresittingbehindusareallteachers.=TheexpertwhocomesfromLishuiisaladycalledMsCai.ThepeoplesittingbehindusaTranslatethefollowingphrases.areadingroomawashingmachineanexcitingeveninganinterestingcrosstalk阅览室洗衣机激动人心的夜晚有趣的相声Translatethefollowingphraseasleepingcarasmokingroom

listeningpractice

anopeningspeechabookingofficerunningwater卧铺车吸烟室听力练习开幕词售票处自来水asleepingcarasmokingroomlIheard

thegirlsingingintheclassroom.Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.ObjectComplement:Thebabywatched

hisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.Wehavethefireburningallday.IheardthegirlsingingintV-ing形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后，表示一个正在进行的动作（如例1、2、3），或强调一个过程或一种状态。（如例4）小结：V-ing形式作宾语补足语置于宾语之后，表示一个正在进行的动V-ing形式作宾语补足语时，往往同宾语存在逻辑主动关系。V-ing形式作宾语补足语时，往往同宾语存在逻辑主动关系。V-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词：make,let,have,keep,leave,see,watch,hear,notice,find,feel等。V-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词：make,let,1.Sixtymillionpeople_____(live)inruralareasaremovingtothecitieseveryyear.2.Thebottle_________(contain)thepoisonwassenttothelaboratory.PracticelivingcontainingFillintheblankswiththeverbgiveninitsproperform.1.Sixtymillionpeople_____3.Theman______(sit)ontheplatformisaprofessorfromWuhanUniversity.4.Thechildren_________(play)theviolinovertherewillgiveaperformancenextweek.5.Ourtripwas______________(disappoint).Wedidnotfindanyunusualplants.sittingplayingdisappointing3.Theman______(sit)onthe6.Isawthem______(force)thedooropenwithahammer.7.Weheardthem_________(quarrel)aboutmoneyaftertheconcert;theylookedveryangry.8.Iheardhim________(drop)lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin.

forcingquarrelingdropping6.Isawthem______(force)th9.Youcanseethem__________(perform)everynightthisweekattheNewTheatre.10.Thenewswas__________(shock).Allthethreeboatshadsunkinthestorm.performingshocking9.Youcanseethem__________Functionasanadverb:

常用于stand,sit,lie等动词之后表示伴随的状态。

V-ing词组可以在句中充当时间、原因、结果、条件等状语。Functionasanadverb:常用于sta1.作时间状语-ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如：Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.=Whentheyheardthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.

当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。1.作时间状语Havingreceivedhisletter,Idecidedtowriteback.

=AfterIhadreceivedhisletter,Idecidedtowriteback.

收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。

2.作原因状语-ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如：Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.Havingreceivedhisletter,I=Becausehewassoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.因为太生气了，他不能入睡。

HavingbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes,hedidn’tgolastweek.

=Because(As)hehadbeentotheGreatWallmanytimes,hedidn’tgolastweek.

因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。=Becausehewassoangry,hec3.作条件状语-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：Workinghard,youwillsucceed.

=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.

如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。Beinggivenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.3.作条件状语=Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.如果对这些树再多注意些，它们可能长得更好。4.作让步状语

-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或句末，常与evenif,though连用。如：=IftheyhadbeengivenmoreaThoughworkingfrommorningtillnight,hisfatherdidn’tgetenoughfood.=Althoughhisfatherworkedfrommorningtillnight,hedidn’tgetenoughfood.虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。Thoughworkingfrommorningti

5.作伴随状语置于句首或句末。如：Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.

=Theysangandlaughed;theycameintotheclassroom.

他们又唱又笑地走进教室。5.作伴随状语Whenworkinginthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.=Whenheworkedinthefactory,hewasanadvancedworker.注意：1.-ing短语与when,while,though,until,if等连词连用时，相当于这些连引导的一个从句。如：Whenworkinginthefactory,hThoughwillingtoattendtheparty,herefusedtheinvitation.=Thoughhewaswillingtoattendtheparty,herefusedtheinvitation.WhilestayinginBeijing,hecametoseemetwice.=WhilehewasstayinginBeijing,hecametoseemetwice.ThoughwillingtoattendthepIfplayingallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.=Ifyouplayallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.Thoughrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon.=Thoughitwasrainingheavily,itclearedupverysoon.Ifplayingallday,youwillw2.动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。如：

Hetraveledontheplanelikethis,keepingthetortoisehiddeninablanket.=Whenhetraveledontheplanelikethis,hekeptthetortoisehiddeninablanket.2.动词-ing形式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语小结:

V-ing有其完成式havingdone,表示分词动作发生于主句动作之前。表示时间状语时常同连词when,whenever,while,once,until等连用。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语同主句的主语一致且有逻辑主动关系，往往可转换为相应的状语从句。

V-ing形式的否定not要置于V-ing之前。小结:V-ing有其完成式havingdone,表示1.a.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.b.Hearingthenews,shecriedoutsadly.2.a.Enteringtheclassroom,Ifoundnobodyinit.b.Enteringtheclassroom,nobodywasfoundinit.Choosethecorrectsentence.1.a.Hearingthenews,tears3.a.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.b.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wesawabeautifulgarden.4.a.Readingtheeveningnewspaper,adogstartedbarking.b.Iwasreadingtheeveningnewspaperwhenadogstartedbarking.3.a.Lookingoutthroughthe5.a.Beingfine,wewillhavethesportsmeetingnextweek.b.Itbeingfine,wewillhavethesportsmeetingnextweek.-ing形式的否定式为在其前面加not。如：

Hesatthere,notknowingwhattosay.5.a.Beingfine,wewillhave1.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus____thedelay.A.tocauseB.causingC.causedD.cause2.OnebyonePetersoldhisbitsandpieces,____onlyamiteoftheirworth.A.gettingB.gotC.togetD.getExercises1.Theircarwascaughtinat3.Afterseeingthemovie,_____.A.thebookwasreadbyhim B.thebookmadehimwanttoreaditC.hewantedtoreadthebook D.thereadingofthebookinterestedhim3.Afterseeingthemovie,___4.Thenextmorningshefoundthemaninbed,_____dead.

A.lyingB.lieC.layD.laying5.Therewasterriblenoise____thesuddenburstoflight.

A.followed

B.following

C.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed4.Thenextmorningshefound6.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,____alongspeechforthepresident.

A.toprepare

B.preparing

C.prepared

D.waspreparing6.Thesecretaryworkedlatei7.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid____tothenotice.

A.angrilypointing

B.andpointangrilyC.angrilypointed

D.andangrilypointing7.“Can’tyouread?”Marysaid8.Heworkeddayandnight,____histaskaheadoftime.A.finishedB.finishingC.finishD.tofinish9.Iwasinthebathroom,not___theknockatthedoor.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heard8.Heworkeddayandnight,__10.___areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.A.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived10.___areply,hedecidedto11.Whatworriedtheboymostwas___tovisithisfatherinthehospital.A.hisnotallowingB.hisnotbeingallowedC.havingnotbeenallowedD.hisbeingnotallowed11.Whatworriedtheboymost12.Theyapologizedfor____toattendthemeeting.A.theirnotbeingableB.theirbeingnotableC.themnotableD.thembeingablenot12.Theyapologizedfor____t高考链接1.Weallfoundhisargumentconvincingandinteresting.(P28)[考点]V-ing形式作宾语补足语。[考例]Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_____inthekitchen.（NMET2003）smoke B.smokingC.tosmoke D.smoked.高考链接[点拨]

选B。he和smoke是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用V-ing形式。该句中的“heisfound”是被动语态，还原成主动语态应该是“findhimsmoking”。[点拨]选B。he和smoke是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用2.Wearemakingbiggerholesinthenets,hopingtoavoidcatchingfishthatarenotfullygrown.(P30)[考点]V-ing形式作原因状语。相当于一个由because引导的原因状语从句。2.Wearemakingbiggerholes[考例]Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_____thatallchildrenlikethesethings.(2006全国卷III)A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothink D.thought[点拨]

选A。we