新版新目标英语八年级下册unit5知识点总结

Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?SectionA1.过去进行时用法①过去某个时间正在发生的动作Hewascookingatsixlastnight.昨天晚上六点，他正在做饭。②过去某段时间正在发生的动作IwasstayingherefromMarchtoMaylastyear.去年从3月到5月，我一直呆在这里。与过去进行时连用时间状语，atninelastnight/atthattime=then/atthistimeyesterday/或有whentheteachercamein/whilehewasreading的提示⑶构成：was'were+现在分词(4)四个基本句型肯定句 Hewascookingatsixlastnight.否认句 Hewasnotcookingatsixlastnight.一般疑问句Washecookingatsixlastnight?答复 Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.特殊疑问句Whatwashedoingatsixlastnight?过去进行时的固定句型Jimwasreadingwhentheteachercamein.当老师进来的时候，吉姆正在读书。JimwasreadingwhileKatewaswatchingTV.在凯特正在看电视的同时，吉姆正在读书。JimcameinwhileKatewaswatchingTV.在凯特正在看电视的时候，吉姆进来了。比较HewatchedTVlastnight.〔过去时间lastnight,用一般过去时〕HewaswatchingTVatninelastnight.(过去时间lastnight+点时间atnine,用过去进行时)atthetimeof在 的时候〔常用于过去进行时〕rainstormn暴风雨raincoat雨衣raindrop雨滴alarmn闹钟analarmclock一个闹钟gooff发出响声,(闹钟)闹响，离开Thealarmwentoffjustnow.刚刚警钟响了goover复习goaway离开goby(时间)过去 goforawalk出去散步gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming去钓鱼/去买东西/去溜冰/去游泳heavilyadv在很大程度上heavyadj.沉重的Howheavyareyou?heavilyadv沉重地Thearmylostheavily.形容风大的时候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的时候用heavily/hard【注】heavy改y为i+ly变为adv,类似的adj还有：hungry饥饿的hungrilyhappy快乐的happilyangry生气的angrilylucky幸运的luckilymissv.错过(后接名词、代词或动车ing〕 Bequick!Oryouwillmisstheearlybus.想念；思念Imissyou.n.用于或姓之前，是对未婚女子的称呼，但首字母要大写，“小姐；女生”pickup接pickup接Tom,Icalledyou,butyoudidn'tpickup捡起；拾起Ipickupawalletonmywayhome〔开车〕接某人Iwillpickyouupatthestation

学到；获得Hewaspickinguptheskillsquickly.7.strangeadj.奇怪的—strangelyadv奇怪地—strangern陌生人bestrangeto对 感到陌生strange奇怪的It'sstrangethatshecametotheparty.陌生的Hestandsinastrangerstreet.Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.外面没有一丝光亮，让人感觉这是在午夜。with+n+adv，在句中做伴随状语with+n+adj.Shecanseestarsinthedarkskywiththewindowopenfeellikedoingsth=wouldlike/wanttodosth想要做某事Ifeellike (catch)aclodtoday.10.reportv报道—reportern记者makeareport做报告weatherreport天气预报giveareport作报告It'sreportedthat...据报道11.so做语气词无实际意义，表示惊讶或领会，引出后面内容So,youwerethefirstonetoentertheclassroom.作副词so+adj./adv“如此..”Thebookissointeresting.作连词so+adj./adv+that从句so+从句所以sothat+从句以便，为了..12.Isee.我知道了。〔表示通过别人提醒而明白、了解〕seesb.dosth看到某人做某事seesb.doingsth看到某人正在做某事either也also也，用于肯定句句中，用在实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、情态动词之后。too也，用于肯定句句末either也，通常放于否认句末while当 的时候makesure确信；确保makesuretodosthmakesureofPleasemakesuretoturnoffthecomputerwhenyouleave.Doyouknowthetimeofthetrain?You'dbettermakesureofit.work运转；发挥作用Themadicinedoesn'twork.工作，不可数名词 Hehastoomuchworktodo.他要做的工作太多。work—worker著作或作品，可数名词，但多用复数 HehasreadmanyofHemingway'sworks.工厂，只用复数形式，但可表示单数意义Theglassworks〔=factory)is[are]nearthestation.玻璃工厂在车站附近。17..beat与w€17..beat与w€inbea辨„析比赛赛、竞争对手(如或球队球队战争We£eat；hSiWby„h奖杯re奖牌to1.我们以2:1赢了他们。Whichteamwon止比比赛、游戏match?哪个对赢了那场足球赛?18.heavilyadv在很大程度上；大量地;猛烈地 heavyadj.重的〔反〕light形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard19.against倚；碰；撞反对，反义词for。假设表强烈反对，一般用副词stronglyAreyoufororagainsttheplan?你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?位置，靠着、顶着、Theteacher'sdeskisagainstthewall.老师的办公桌靠墙放着。Hestoodleaningagainstthetree.他站着斜靠在墙上。atfirst首先；最初atfirst=atthebeginning最初，开始【强调在时间顺序或做某事过程等开始之初】firstofall首先，第一【说明陈述事情的重要性】fallasleep进入梦乡；睡着sleep=beinbedv睡觉，指睡的动作状态gettosleep=fallasleep入睡，强调进入睡眠的状态gotobed上床睡觉，强调睡觉的动作Hewenttobedattenlastnight,buthedidn'tgotosleepuntil.Heonlyfellasleepfor5hours.beasleep强调睡着的状态Thebabyisasleepfallasleep强调入睡的动作Myfatherwassotiredthathefellasleepquicklyfallasleep,sleep,gotosleep,gettosleep,gotobed用法区别fallasleep连系动词+表语，入睡；睡着，指进入梦乡，往往含有不知不觉就睡着了的意思。asleep作表语形容词。Hewasjustfallingasleepwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.他刚要入睡时，这时传来了响亮的敲门声。sleep指睡觉时的一种状态，是一个延续性的动词。Helikestosleepforanhourintheafternoon.他喜欢在下午睡上一个小时。gotosleep入睡，睡着，强调从开始睡到睡着的过程。Ijustwanttoclosemyeyesandgotosleepasquicklyaspossible.我只是想闭上眼睛，尽快地睡上一觉。gettosleep与gotosleep意思相近，但它强调的是进入睡眠状态。Shewastooexcitedtogettosleeplastnight.她昨晚因太激动而不能入睡。gotobed就寝，上床睡觉，指上床去睡这个动作，与getup相对应。Thestudentsinourschoolusuallygetupatsixinthemorningandgotobedathalfpastnineintheevening.我们学校的学生通常早晨六点起床，晚上九点半睡觉。diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失diedown与dieout指火的熄灭时，用diedown或dieout皆可。diedown往往指火势由强到弱慢慢熄灭，植物慢慢死亡这一过程；dieout则指熄灭这一事实，而且不及diedown用的普遍。diedown:反映风、声音、愤怒、掌声、战斗等平息下来。dieout:指家庭、种族、物种、组织、信仰等的消失或消亡。wakeup(v+adv)醒来；睡醒24.rise增加；提高；增强；上升，升起rise升起；上升主语自身移向较咼位置Pricerosegraduallyraise举起；提咼主语发出的动作作用于其他事物Let'sraiseourglassestoTom.25.过去分词做定语fallenleaves落叶26.everywhere处处，到处；各个地方词条含义用法例句everywhere处处；到处；各个地方可用于任何句式Wehavemanyfriendseverywhereintheworldsomewhere某个地方多用于肯定句中Youcangosomewhereyouliketo.anywhere任何地方否认句Youcan'tgoanywhere疑问句CanIgoanywhereIchoose27.join加入；参加join=beamemberof参加,指加入某种组织，并成为其中的一员。jointhearmy/party入伍/党jointheclub加入俱乐部joinin后接活动名称joinsb.加入到某个人群之中takepartin参加，指加入群体活动中并在活动中发挥重要作用。turnon打开〔反〕turnoff关掉getto到达 getfgot—gottenv得至Ugetto+地点=arrivein/at+地点=reach+地点geton上车getup起床getusedto习惯于getalongwithsb与某人相处融洽gettogether相聚SectionB.happen发生；碰巧〔指偶然性发生〕happenv发生没有被动语态，主语是物，强调某事发生的偶然性sth.happentosb.某事发生在某人身上Whathappenedtoyou?=Whatwaswrongwithhim?sb.happentodosth.某人碰巧做某事Shehappened (be)outwhenwecalled.takeplace发生，指事情有计划有安排地发生Thesportsmeetingtookplaceinourschoollastweek.Ithappenedthat...碰巧realizev意识到realize+n shedidn'trealizehermistake.realize+从句 Ididn'trealizethatyouweresounhappy.3.over=morethan超过makeone'swayto. 在某人去..的路上〔当后接地点副词时，应省略介词to〕I'llmakemywayhomenow.一段时间+ago之前，用于一般过去时6pletev完成adj.完整的fcompletely彻底地；完全地I (complete)believeinyounow.Ithinkyouarehonestinthematter.They (complete)buildingthebridgelatenextyear.therestof.其余的，剩下的,做主语时，其谓语动词的数要与therestof修饰的名词一致Therestofmeatgoesbad. Therestofworkersarestillworkinghard.silencen沉默fsilent沉默；缄默；无声insilence沉默地、无声地=silently keepsilent保持沉默remembertodosth与rememberdoingsth的用法区另U。⑴remembertodosth记得去做某事〔此事还未做〕Remembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.当你离开房间的时候记得关灯。⑵rememberdoingsth记得做过某事〔此事已做完〕IrememberturningoffthelightwhenIlefttheroom.我记得离开房间时关灯了。takedown拆掉；拆毁terrorn.恐怖fterrorist恐怖分子befullofterror充满恐怖artn.艺术fartistn.艺术家sciencen.科学fscientist科学家pianon.钢琴fpianistn.钢琴家hardly几乎不；绝不surprisev使吃惊—surprisingadj.令人吃惊的—surprisedadj.吃惊的besurprisedtodosth做某事很吃惊toone'ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地besurprisedat对……感到吃惊hear听见，强调