高考英语语法复习定语从句（共75张）

theAttributiveClause(定语从句)定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰或的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“

”.引导定语从句的词叫“

”

基础知识名词代词先行词关系词引导定语从句的关系词指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，ofwhichwherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词基础知识aboyhasascarforehead

HarryPorterisaboyhasascaronhisforehead.?

who/that

Theboyisholdingadog.

Hehasgoldenhair.Theboyisholdingadog.

Hishairisgolden.TheboyisJim.

Theboyisholdingadog.Theboywhohasgoldenhairisholdingadog.Theboywhosehairisgoldenisholdingadog.

TheboywhoisholdingadogisJim.Heisoneofthe

personsinthefilm.Thepolicearelookingforhim.Heisoneofthepersonsthat/whom/whothepolicearelookingfor.Thisisaveryinterestinggame.Tomplayeditlastnight.Thisisaveryinterestinggamewhich/thatTomplayedlastnight.BeijingBeijingisthecitywhere/inwhichthe2008OlympicGameswasheld.2008thecity

Oct.1,1949

theday

foundOct.1,1949istheday

when/onwhich

thePRCwasfounded.Itisacity

where/inwhich

peoplearelivinghappily.It

acitypeoplelivehappilyHeisthemanwhotaughtushowtobeasoldier.先行词关系词引导从句充当从句的句子成分Heis

theman

whotaughtushowtobeasoldier.Brief

IntroductionThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.ThisisthefilmwhosenameisHarryPotter.Themanwhomyouseeinthefirstpictureisaheadmaster.ThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.ThisisthefilmwhosenameisHarryPotter.ThemanwhomyouseeInthefirstpictureisaheadmaster.theAttributiveClausewhichthatwhosewhom定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句。二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1.Thestudents

(whodon’tstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.主句:Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.先行词定语从句2.Thewoman

(whomyousawinthepark)isourEnglishteacher.先行词定语从句主句:ThewomanisourEnglishteacher.从句的主语：从句的宾语：youwhom3.Ashoeshopisashop

(whichsellsshoes).主句：Ashoeshopisashop.从句的主语:which4.Thebook(thatyouwant)isonthedesk.主句从句的主语:从句的宾语：Thebookisonthedesk.youthat注意:必须保持主句的完整性Jointhefollowingsentences:

Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethemachineJointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.关系代词的实质amachinethat/which关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.

关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.herThegirl关系代词的实质Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.that/who/whomThegirl注意避免重复指代所做成分是否可省略that人；物主语；宾语作宾语可省which物主语；宾语作宾语可省who人主语；宾语作宾语可省whom人宾语可省whose人；物定语不可省关系代词的用法关系词指代所做成分which物subject（主语）

object（宾语）that人物who人whom人object（宾语）whose人/物attribute（定语）Fillintheblankswith:

who,whom,whose,which,thatAclockisamachine______________tellpeoplethetime.that/whichAnurseisaperson_________looksaftersickpeople.who/thatHeistheman_______________Imetintheparkyesterday.(whom/who/that)MrBlack________workisteachingEnglishisregardedasthebestteacherintheschool.whose1、who的用法who指人，在从句中做主语或宾语TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.分解TheboysarefromClassOneTheboysareplayingfootball做主语2.whom也指人，但在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.

Mr.Liuistheperson分解

Youtalkedwiththeperson

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

作宾语3.that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.可省略Themanwho/thatisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedtovisitisateacher.4.whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhose

motherisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisateacher.作定语名词所有格如何选定定语从句关系词1.分辨主句和定语从句2.确定定语从句的先行词（人/物/人和物）3.把先行词带到从句中，看其在定语从句中充当的成分（主语宾语定语状语）4.若先行词在从句中做主语，宾语或定语则用关系代词，如果做状语则用关系副词。沙场秋点兵1、Doyouknowtheman___istalkingwithyourfather?A.whoseB.whoC.which2、Theboys___theteachertalkedtoarefromClassOne.A.whenB.whichC.who3、Those___wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.A.whoB.whichC.whom由Who引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语4.Thegentleman___youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whom5.Thedoctor___youarelookingforisintheroom.A.whomB.whatC.which6.

Theteacherfor____youarewaitinghascome.A.whoB.whomC.that介词提前时只能用whom由Whom引导的定语从句，在句中做宾语7.Achild___parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan.A.whichB.hisC.whose8.Thisbookisforthestudents___native(本国的)languageisnotEnglish.A.thatB.ofwhomC.whose9.Theboy___compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.that由Whose引导的定语从句,在句中做定语关系副词wherewhenwhy1、where作地点状语Iwanttoknowtheplace.Iwasbornthere.Iwanttoknowtheplacewhere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.where=介词+whichThetable

where(=atwhich)

sheissitting

isanewone.2.时间名词+when+定语从句。

when作时间状语:Shewillneverforgettheday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.合并：Shewillneverforgetthedaywhen(=onwhich)shewasmarried.When=介词+which

Itwastheyear.TheWorldWarIbrokeoutintheyear.Itwastheyearwhen(=inwhich)theWorldWarIbrokeout.3.表原因的名词reason+why+定语从句(why只用于reason之后的限制性定语从句中,在定语从句中作原因状语。)Thisisthereason

hegavehisbossintheofficeThereason

hedidnotgotoschoolisthathewasill.which/thatwhyThisisthereason.Hegavehisbossthereasonintheoffice.why=forwhichwhenwhere和why都可以替换成“介词+which”Doyoustillrememberthedayonwhich/whenwefirstmetinNantong?Thisistheroominwhich/wherewelivedlastyear.Doyouknowthereason/whyforwhichherefusedtogotoMary’sbirthdayparty.(onwhich=when)(inwhich=where)(forwhich=why)关系副词小结when=on(induring...)which

where=in(infrontof...)which

why=forwhich关系副词用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1.Thisistheman_____________wantstoseeyou.

2.clockisamachine__________tellspeoplethetime.3.Thisisshirt_________Iboughtyesterday.4.Thisistheboywith_______hetalkedwho/that

which/thatwhich/that

whomHeisthebestmanthat/who/whom/---Ihavemet.5.Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenmadebychildren.1.Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.what2.Thecityistheonethat/---Iremember.3.ThefirstbookthatIchoseyesterdayisinteresting.4.Thisisthevery/rightbookthat/---Iamlookingfor.justthebook(人不受限制)１．All,

much,

none,

everything,

anything,

something,

the

one作先行词时2.当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时３．当先行词被only，any，just，right，very，few，little，no，all修饰时４．当先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时当先行词为物时只用that的情况6.Theyaretalkingaboutthepeopleandtheschoolthat/---theypaidavisitto.7.Whichisthebookthat/---youbought?8.它不再是以前那只漂亮的小猪了。Itisn’tthebeautifulpigthatitwas.５．当先行词中有人又有物时６．which引导的特殊疑问句，避免重复只用that７．当关系代词在从句中作表语时只用that，且不可以省eg：WhoisthemanthatistalkingwithMr.Black?was.=usedtobe.eg：

Heisn’tthecleverboythathe２．当关系代词在从句中作表语时只用that１．由who引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复只用that当先行词为人时只用that的情况

Thereisamanwhoisstealing.eg:那儿有个偷东西的人。２．在therebe句型中，先行词为人只用whoeg：Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.１.先行词为one，ones，anyone，those，he时，只用who当先行词为人时，只用who的情况先行词与从句的主语构成从属关系=ofwhichthedoor=thedoorofwhich

Theyliveinahousewhosedoorisblue.eg:他们住在一间门是兰色的房子里。=ofwhomthedaughter=thedaughterofwhomeg:Heisthelawyerwhosedaughterwentabroad.介词加which结构Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargest_____whichisTaiwan.ofHeistheperson_____whomyouwillwrite.to_____whomthebookwaswritten.

by

_____whomIlearntalot.from_____whomIcanturnforhelp.

to

(turntosb.forhelp)_____whomIworkedinthefactory.with

_____whichtherearefewnewwords._____whichtheyaretalking._____whichIlearnedalot._____whichIpaid8yuan.Thisisthebook_____whichIspent8yuan.

onfor

frominIhavelotsoffriends,andsomeof____arefriendly.Thisistheriver__________weoftenhaveawalk.______________abridgewasbuilt._______thereisaboat.by/besideonwhichover/acrosswhichalongwhich_______whichthereisafactory.Ihavelotsoffriends.Someof____arefriendly.Ihavelotsoffriends,some/noneof_____arefriendly.whomthemthem10、Hepreferstoeattherice___inthesouth.A.whoisgrownB.

whichisgrownC.whenisgrown11、Theknife___Icuttheapplewithcan’tbefound.A.whichB.whoC.what12、Theroomin___therearemanybooksismine.A.thatB.whoC.which13、Thisisthepen____heboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.when由Which引导的定语从句，在句中做主语\宾语介词提前时只能用whichthat14.All_____isneededisasupplyofoil.A.whichB.thatC.what15.Finally,thethiefhandedeverything____hehadstolentothepolice.A.whichB.whatC.that先行词是不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything只能用that引导16.It’sthemostboringfilm___Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.whose17.Thisisthefirstcar___arrivedthismorning.A.whichB.whoC.that

先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时只能用that引导18.Iknowallpeople___arefromthatvillage.A.whoB.thatC.whose19.Thereisnowater___isneededbadly.A.whichB.whoC.that20.Pleasetakeanyseat___isfree.A.whichB.thatC.inwhich先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some等修饰时只能用that引导21.Thatistheverybook___Iwaslookingfor.A.whoB.thatC.which22.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlything___heowns.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等修饰时只能用that引导23.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks___werepopularthen.A.whoB.thatC.which先行词被既有人又有物时只能用that引导24.Whoistheworker___tooksomepicturesofthefactory.A.whoB.thatC.which主句已有who或which时,只能用that引导

他将去北京看望妻子，她在北京工作．（没有逗号翻译成：他将去看望在北京工作的那个妻子．）Non-restrictiveattributiveclause(非限定性定语从句)特征:用逗号隔开，起补充说明作用，译成两句话．Hewillgotoseehiswife,whoisinBeijing.Hepassedtheexam,whichmakesmehappy.非限定性定语从句定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词常用逗号隔开，且不能用that引导。e.g.1、Shehadeightchildren,threeofwhomlivedtogrowup.2、Smoking,whichisabadhabit,isverypopular.1.Watchthegirlandherdog_____arecrossingthebridge!whichB.who

C.theyD.thatDExercise单项选择Theman_____youjusttalkedtowasafriendofmine.

A.whomB.whichD.whoseD.where2.Thenecklace____myfatherboughtmeisveryexpensive.

A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.where3.Thedoctor____isleavingforAfricanextmonth.

A.thenurseistalkingtohim

B.whomthenurseistalkingtoC.thenurseistalkingtoD.thatthenurseistalkingACB4.Ms.Ji____lovesusverymuchisourmathteacher.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which5.Thebike________wasstolen.A.whichmymotherbuysmeB.whomymotherboughtmeC.whichmymotherboughtmeD.thatmymotherbuysme6.Thedog___ownerisanoldmanisverylovely.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.whoACB2.Heistheonlyoneofthethree_____gotthenewidea.A.whohaveB.whomhaveC.whohasD.whosehad3.Intheschoolthereareonethousandstudents,and45%of__