山东科技大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

2011年山东科技大学外国语学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解I.Directions:Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviationsorterminologyintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.Therearealtogether30itemsinthispartofthetest,15inEnglishand15inChinese,withonepointforeach.(30points)1.WTO【答案】世界贸易组织(WorldTradeOrganization)查看答案2.APEC【答案】亚太经贸合作组织(Asia-PacificEconomicCooperation)查看答案3.EMS【答案】邮政特快专递服务(ExpressMailService)查看答案4.FBI【答案】美国联邦调查局(FederalBureauofInvestigation)查看答案5.GPS【答案】全球定位系统(GlobalPositionSystem)查看答案6.FOB【答案】离岸价格；船上交货价格(freeonboard)查看答案7.IPA【答案】国际音标(InternationalPhoneticAlphabet)查看答案8.NATO【答案】北大西洋公约组织(NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization)查看答案9.Geneticmutation【答案】基因突变查看答案10.somebody’scupoftea【答案】某人喜爱的人或事物查看答案11.givethefloorto【答案】给予发言权查看答案12.thetransferenceofthetitleofproperty【答案】财产所有权转让查看答案13.mostfavorednations【答案】最惠国待遇查看答案14.IntellectualPropertyRights【答案】知识产权查看答案15.downpayment【答案】首付查看答案16.春运【答案】TheSpringFestivaltransportseason查看答案17.国际惯例【答案】internationalcommonpractice查看答案18.骑虎难下【答案】rideatiger;havenowaytobackdown查看答案19.老人节【答案】theDoubleNinthFestival查看答案20.中国十佳宜居城市【答案】tenbestlivablecitiesinChina查看答案21.联合兼并【答案】conglomerationandmerger查看答案22.留职停薪【答案】leavewithoutpay查看答案23.优惠关税【答案】preferentialduty查看答案24.红白喜事【答案】weddingandfuneral查看答案25.安居工程【答案】ComfortableHousingProject查看答案26.闭路电视【答案】closed-circuittelevision查看答案27.世博纪念品【答案】Exposouvenir查看答案28.入境签证【答案】entryvisa查看答案29.保税区【答案】BondedArea查看答案30.不正之风【答案】unhealthytendency查看答案II.Directions:Translatethefollowingthreesourcetextsintotheirtargetlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.(120points)SourceText1(30points):TheywereSenegalese,theblackestNegroesinAfrica,soblackthatsometimesitisdifficulttoseewhereaboutsontheirnecksthehairbegins.Theirsplendidbodieswerehiddeninreach-me-downkhakiuniforms,theirfeetsquashedintobootsthatlookedlikeblocksofwood,andeverytinhatseemedtobeacoupleofsizestoosmall.Itwasveryhotandthemenhadmarchedalongway.Theyslumpedundertheweightoftheirpacksandthecuriouslysensitiveblackfaceswereglisteningwithsweat.【参考译文】他们是塞内加尔人，是非洲肤色最黑的人，黑得简直难以看清他们颈项上的头发从何处生起。他们健硕的身躯罩在旧的卡其布制服里面，脚上套着一双看上去像块木板似的靴子，每个人头上戴着的钢盔似乎都小了一两号。天气正热，队伍已经走了很长一段路，士兵们都被沉重的包袱压得疲惫不堪，敏感得出奇的黑脸颊上汗水闪闪发光。SourceText2(30points):Withanimmenseeffortofwill,Imodulatedmyvoice.“Allright,”Isaid.“You’realogician.Let’slookatthisthinglogically.HowcouldyouchoosePeteyBurchoverme?Lookatme—abrilliantstudent,atremendousintellectual,amanwithanassuredfuture.LookatPetey—aknot-head,ajitterbug,aguywho’llneverknowwherehisnextmealiscomingfrom.CanyougivemeonelogicalreasonwhyyoushouldgosteadwithPeteyBurch?”【参考译文】我以极大的意志力把语气缓和下来。“好吧”，我说道，“你是一个逻辑学家。那就让我们从逻辑上分析一下这件事。你怎么会看中皮蒂，而不是我呢？你瞧我，一个出色的学生，一个了不起的知识分子，一个前途绝对有保障的人。再看看皮蒂，一个笨蛋，一个感情无常的人，一个吃了上顿没有下顿的家伙。你能提出一个合乎逻辑的理由来告诉我为什么要跟皮蒂在一起吗？”SourceText3(60points):孟母教子孟子幼时家居墓地附近，耳濡目染的尽是些丧葬礼仪的事情，他就和小朋友一起模仿着挖墓筑坟的祭奠。孟母感到长此下去对儿子的教育不利，于是就搬家了。新居靠近集市，孟子又学着商人做买卖，怎样和人讨价还价，孟母不愿自己的孩子长大成商人，于是又搬家了。第三次的新居在学校附近，孟子就跟着学生学习诗书礼仪，揖让进退等等。孟母认为找到了理想的地方，于是决定在这里长期居住下去。由此可见，孟母深知环境对孩子成长的影响。这就是“孟母三迁”故事的由来。孟子逐渐成长，一次未到放学时间就回家了，孟母把他叫到织布机旁，让她看自己织布。织了很长一段时间，孟母突然用刀子把布割断，孟子不明白怎么回事，连忙向母亲问个究竟。这时孟母耐心地对他说：“你学习半途而废，就如同我把这本来可以织成完整的一匹布割断是同一个道理。”母亲的谆谆教导，深深地印在孟子的脑海之中，从此他发奋图强，刻苦读书，终于成了战国时期，也是我国历史上著名的思想家、教育家。【参考译文】HowMencius’MotherTeachesHerSonWhenMenciuswasyoung,hisfamilylivednearacemetery,fullyexposedtofuneralceremonies.Heandhisplaymatesimitatedburyingandmourningproceedings.Mencius’motherthoughtthesurroundingswerenotgoodforhiseducationsoshedecidedtomove.Theymovedtoaplacenexttoafair,andMenciusbegantolearnthewaysofbusinesspeople,bargainingandhaggling.Hismotherdidn’twanthersontobecomeabusinessmansoshemovedagain.Thistimetheymovedintothehousenearaschool,andMenciusbegantolearntheClassicsandetiquettealongwiththestudents.Hismotherthoughtthiswastherightplaceforhimanddecidedtostaythereforgood.ThisshowsthatMencius’motherrealizedtheimportanceofenvironmentforchildren’sgrowingup.Thesearethestoriesabouthow“Mencius’mothermovedthreetimes.”Menciusgrewupgradually.Oneday,Menciuscamebackhomebeforeschoolletout.Hismothercalledhimtotheloomsideandlethimwatchherweaving.Afteralongtime,shesuddenlycuttheclothshehadwovenwithaknife,muchtoMencius’bewilderment.WhenMenciusasked,hismotherexplained,“Ifyouquitschoolhalfway,it’slikemycuttingthec