中山大学外国语学院《241英语（二外）》历年考研真题及详解

2003年中山大学外国语学院221英语考研真题及详解PartⅠ.StructureandVocabulary(20points)Directions:Beneatheachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouanswerontheANSWERSHEET.1.Wehavealreadypurchased____tofurnishournewhouse.A.manyfurnituresB.somefurnitureC.severalfurnitureD.afewfurnitures【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：我们已经为新房子买了几件家具。furniture为不可数名词，而some，several，afew都只能修饰可数名词，所以A、C、D错误。some既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。2.____theyaredoinghasneverbeendonebefore.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.Whether【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他们做的事情是前所未有的。what表示“……的东西或事情”，如They’vedonewhattheycantohelpher.他们已经尽力（做了能做的事情）帮助她。that在名词性从句中不作成分。本题的主语从句中明显缺宾语，所以不用that。3.Thenewly-builtfactoryissuppliedwith____machines.A.plentyofB.manyaC.agreatdealofD.alargeamountof【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：这个新建的工厂配备有大量机器。plentyof既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。所以可以修饰machines。manya跟可数名词单数，表示许多……。agreatdealof和alargeamountof都只能修饰不可数名词。4.IfI____tolearnmoreFrenchnow,IwouldnothaveboughtthisFrench-Chinesedictionaryyesterday.A.didn’tneedB.hadn’tneededC.hasn’tneededD.shouldn’tneed【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：如果对于我来说没有再继续学习法语的必要的话，我昨天就不可能买这本法汉词典了。本句是对过去的虚拟，从句用haddone形式。5.____children,mostseniorpeoplefinditdifficultimitatingsoundsofasecondlanguage.A.NotlikeB.UnlikeC.BeingnotD.Notas【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：与孩子不同，大多数大人都觉得模仿外语的发音很困难。unlike不像。6.Wehaven’tseentheBrownsforoveraweek.Theymay____onatripforthevacation.A.begoneB.begoingC.havegoneD.havebeengoing【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：我们已经有超过一周时间没有见过布朗他们一家人了。他们可能去度假了。mayhavedone表示可能做了某事。7.Mr.Dickhasspent____collectingmaterialsforhisdissertation.A.oneandhalfmonthsB.halfandonemonthsC.amonthandhalfD.amonthandahalf【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：迪克花了一个半月时间收集论文所需材料。一个半在英语里表达为oneandhalf，不能调换位置。凡是一个以上的数量，不论是一个半或一个零四分之一，后面名词一概都用其复数形式。8.Thetime____youcantravelfreelyinEuropewithonlyonevisahasfinallycometrue.A.inwhichB.onwhichC.atwhichD.ofwhich【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：以一张签证自由在欧洲旅行的时候终于到来了。time一般与介词at搭配，故选atwhich。9.Theprofessordemandedthathisstudents____thecompositionin40minutes.A.finishedwritingB.finishwritingC.mustfinishwritingD.wrote【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：教授要求学生在40分钟内写完作文。表达命令、要求、建议、重要性等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should)＋原形动词。10.Shipsare____thanplanesthatpeopletakethemmainlyforpleasure.A.somuchslowerB.toomuchslowerC.verymuchslowerD.muchmoreslower【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：船速度比飞机慢很多，人们坐船主要是图开心。so...that...太……以至于……。much修饰比较级，加强程度。11._____isthegasthatformsmostoftheearth’sairandcanbefoundinalllivingthings.A.NitrogenB.OxygenC.HydrogenD.Carbon【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：氧气是地球空气中的主要成分，所有生物体内都有氧气。oxygen氧气。nitrogen氮气。hydrogen氢气。carbon碳。12.Theywerewaitingin_____silenceforthecomingofthegreatscientist.A.respectedB.respectableC.respectfulD.respective【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：他们安静地等着那位伟大科学家的到来，以示尊敬。respectful表示尊敬的。如respectfulattitude/smile/distance表示尊敬的态度/微笑/距离。这里修饰silence，意思是“表示尊敬的安静”。respected受尊敬的，respectable可敬的，两个词一般用来形容人。respective各自的。13.Cheatingiswrongfrombotha____andmoralstandpoint.A.moraleB.naturalC.legalD.mental【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：欺骗这种行为不论从法律的角度还是从道德角度来看都是错误的。我们评判人的行为一般都是从法律和道德两个角度来评判的。所以选legal（法律的）。14.Withalargefamilyofgrowingchildrentofeedandclothe,myparentshaddifficultyin____.A.makingthetwoendsmeetB.makingbothendsmeetC.providingenoughfoodD.buyingenoughclothes【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：因为家里好几个孩子需要养活，父母想要勉强维持生计都很困难。make(both)endsmeet为固定短语，表示“使收支相抵、勉强维持生计”。15.Georgeandhisbrotherhaven’tfinishedtheirworkintime:inthefirstcasebecausetheyarenotqualifiedforit,____becauseoftheirlaziness.A.insecondcaseB.innocaseC.inanycaseD.inthesecondcase【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：乔治和他弟弟没有按时完成工作，第一次是因为他们没有资格做，第二次是因为他们偷懒。前面有inthefirstcase，所以该空填inthesecondcase。16.Tostartabusinessnotonlyaconsiderablecapitalbutalsoskillsandexperiencesare____.A.acquiredB.requiredC.inquiredD.wanted【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：要想创业不仅需要大量资金还需要能力和经验。require需要。acquire获得，得到。inquire打听，询问。want想要。17.Hewasangrywithhiscatbecauseshe____hisarmwithherclaws.A.bitB.stabbedC.scrapedD.scratched【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：他的猫用猫爪抓伤了他的胳膊，这令他感到很生气。bit为bite过去时，意思是“咬”。stab刺，戳，捅。scrape刮坏，蹭破。scratch划破，抓破，划伤，抓伤。因为withherclaws表明是用爪子，所以一定是抓伤了。18.I’mwriting,____myfamily,toexpressourthanksforyourinvitationtotheconcert.A.onbehalfofB.inhonorofC.despiteofD.insteadof【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：我写信给你是为了代表我家人感谢你邀请我们去看演唱会。onbehalfof代表，符合题意。inhonorof为了纪念……。despite是介词，后面直接跟名词，despite等于inspiteof。insteadof代替。19.Our____thatourfootballteamwouldwinturnedouttobewrong.A.perceptionB.impressionC.assumptionD.imagination【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：我们预想我们的足球队能赢，但结果证明是错误的。assumption设想，假设。perception知觉，感知。impression印象。imagination想象。20.AtthattimeOliverandotherboysintheworkhouseoften____thebowlsshining.A.sippedB.lickedC.suckedD.lapped【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：在那时，奥利弗和济贫院的其他男孩经常把碗舔得干干净净。lick舔。sip小口喝，抿。suck吮吸，吸。lap（动物）舔。PartⅡ.Synonyms:(20points)Directions:Foreachoftheunderlinedwordsandexpressions,fourchoicesarcgiven.Choosetheonethatbestexplainsordefinestheunderlinedpart.21.Sheisloadedwithtalentandenergyandwillsurelygofar.A.equippedB.filledC.bornD.provided【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：她有才能、充满活力，一定能长远发展。load有“大量给予”的意思。也就是说她充满才能和活力。所以可以用fill来替换。22.Therewasnoindicationthatshehadevenheardthelastpartofwhathehadsaid.A.signalB.expressionC.suggestionD.information【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：没有什么能表明她听到了他最后说的话。indication表明，迹象。suggestion暗示，示意，与indication意思最相近。signal信号。expression表情。information信息。23.EvenBigMikefeltverysmallnexttotheimmenseoak.A.influentialB.powerfulC.hugeD.splendid【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：甚至大个子麦克站在这庞大的橡树旁，都会感到十分渺小。immense巨大的。huge也表示巨大的。influential有影响力的。powerful有权力的，有力量的。splendid壮丽的；雄伟的。24.Hewasstillwonderingwhathadpromptedhertobuysuchanimpracticalbirthdaypresent.A.movedB.compelledC.causedD.recommended【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：他仍然好奇，是谁让她买这么不实用的生日礼物的。prompt促使，推动。move移动。compel强迫。cause导致。recommend推荐，举荐。与prompt意思最相近的是cause。25.I’mafraidtheirsuspicionswerenotwithoutfoundation.A.doubtsB.expectationsC.imaginationsD.predictions【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：恐怕他们的怀疑并不是没有依据的。suspicion怀疑。doubt也表示怀疑。expectation期待。imagination想象。prediction预料。26.Eachleaderhadasolemnlookashesignedthepeacetreaty.A.graveB.sincereC.elasticD.honest【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：当他签署和平协定的时候，每位首领的表情都很严肃。solemn冷峻的，表情严肃的。grave严肃的，庄严的，表情沉重的。elastic有弹性的。honest诚实的。27.Thewayshebehavedatthemeetingwasutterlybewildering.A.unreasonableB.puzzlingC.ridiculousD.particular【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：她在会议上的表现让人十分困惑。bewildering令人困惑的。puzzling令人迷惑的。unreasonable不合理的。ridiculous可笑的。particular特别的，挑剔的。28.Whenfreedomofspeechisrestricted,itisdifficultforpeopletoexpresstheirtruefeeling.A.limitedB.deprivedC.forbiddenD.ignored【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：当人们发表自由言论的权利受到限制时，人们很难表达自己的真实感觉。restrict限制。limit也表示限制。deprive剥夺。forbid禁止。ignore忽视。29.Ruralscenesappealedtoher.Shefoundthempreferabletourbansubjects.A.WildB.CountryC.RemoteD.Rough【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：乡村景色吸引了她。她发现相比城市，她更喜欢乡村景色。rural乡村的。country可以表示国家，也可以表示乡村。30.Althoughhehadenjoyedtheflighthemusthavewelcomedthesecurityofbeinghomeagain.A.reliefB.stateC.collisionD.safety【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：虽然他享受这次飞行，但他一定希望能再次回到给他安全感的家。security安全。safety也表示安全，与security意思相近。relief宽慰。state状态。collision碰撞。31.Only22ofthe801peoplewhojumpedtheGoldenGateBridgesurvivedthe220-footfall.A.remainedaliveafterB.wentthroughwithdifficultC.accomplishedtheconquestofD.safelyreturnedfrom【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：曾经从距离海面220英尺的金门大桥跳下去的802人只有22个人活了下来。survive在……中幸存。所以选择A项“在……之后仍然活了下来”。32.Shoppershaveagreattendencytowardimpulsivebuying.A.temptationB.attractionC.inclinationD.desire【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：购物者往往容易冲动购物。tendency倾向。inclination也表示倾向。temptation诱惑。attraction吸引力。desire渴望。33.Iwasveryhostiletotheideaoftakingunnecessaryrisks.A.criticalB.elasticC.unfriendlyD.desperate【答案】A查看答案【解析】句意：我反对不必要的冒险。hostile在本句中意思是“反对的、不赞成的”。critical批判的。elastic有弹性的；有弹力的。unfriendly不友好的。desperate绝望的。与本句中hostile意思的只有critical。34.ItisatraditiontohaveturkeyforThanksgivingDaydinnerintheUnitedStates.A.historyB.customC.treatD.service【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：在美国，感恩节晚餐吃火鸡是传统习俗。tradition传统。custom风俗，习俗，与tradition意思相近。history历史。treat请客。service服务。35.Imadewildgesturewithmyarm,butMikedidn’tseeme.A.dashB.pushC.movementD.expression【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：我用胳膊做了奇怪的动作，但是麦克并没有看到我。gesture姿势。movement动作。dash猛冲；突进；急奔。push推。expression表情。与gesture意思相近的只有movement。36.CharleswasquiteupsetbyJerry’sremarks.A.stirredB.disturbedC.amusedD.ruined【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：杰瑞的话让查尔斯感到十分生气。upset使烦恼；使心烦意乱。disturb有“使不安，使烦恼”的意思，与upset意思相近。stir搅动，搅拌。amuse逗笑。ruin摧毁。37.Hishandswereathismouthasiftotearoutthetonguewhichhadutteredtheunutterable.A.commentedB.saidC.betrayedD.revealed【答案】B查看答案【解析】句意：他的手放在嘴里，好像要把那说了不该说的话的舌头给扯下来。utter说。say与其意思相近。comment评论。betray背叛。reveal透露。38.Goodfoodisvitaltogoodhealth.A.preciousB.valuableC.beneficialD.essential【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：优质的事物对于健康至关重要。vital至关重要的。essential完全必要的，必不可少的。两者可替换。precious宝贵的。valuable有价值的。beneficial有益的。39.Hestillhasakeeninterestinthegameoftennis.A.sharpB.sensitiveC.strongD.curious【答案】C查看答案【解析】句意：他仍然对网球比赛很感兴趣。keen在本句中意思是“强烈的，浓厚的”。所以选strong。40.Theislandsareisolatedfromthemainlandbyavaststretchofocean.A.blockedB.splitC.dividedD.separated【答案】D查看答案【解析】句意：大片海洋将这些岛屿与大陆分隔开了。isolate（使）隔离，孤立，脱离。separate（使）分开，分离，与isolate意思相近。block阻挡；堵塞。split（使）断裂；（使）裂开。divide划分。PartⅢ.Cloze(10points)Directions:ForeachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourchoiceslabeledA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandputyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.Peopleovertheageof65intheUnitedStatesarecalledseniorcitizens.LifeforthesepeopleisdifferentfromthatofyoungerAmericans.Mostseniorcitizens(41)_____ornolongerworkfulltime.Also,itis(42)_____forpeopleofthisagetolivewiththeirchildrenandgrandchildren.Formanyseniorcitizens,theyearsaftersixty-fivearenot(43)_____.Theyfeelthattheirliveslosemeaningafterretirement.Inaddition,theymayfeellonelybeingawayfromtheirfamiliesandthe(44)_____theyhadintheirwork.Moreover,theybecomemore(45)_____abouttheirhealthastheygrowolder,and(46)_____theirsafetyiftheyliveinbigcities.Otherseniorcitizens(47)_____theirlives.They(48)_____freetodowhattheywerenotabletowhentheywereworkingand(49)_____families.Theynowhavetimetoenjoy(50)_____andsportsandtravel.41.A.retireB.employC.dismissD.fire42.A.normalB.typicalC.commonD.unusual43.A.miserableB.excitedC.enjoyableD.pitiful44.A.joinsB.relationsC.contactsD.concern45.A.worriedB.awareC.concernD.careful46.A.forB.aboutC.withoutD.in47.A.recallB.mentionC.contentD.enjoy48.A.charmB.illustrateC.feelD.mode49.A.growingB.raisingC.bringingD.caring50.A.hobbiesB.habitsC.welfareD.communication【答案与解析】41.A 第一句说在美国超过65岁的人被称为老年人。所以可以推断大多数老年人应该已经退休。retire退休。42.D 第二段中theymayfeellonelybeingawayfromtheirfamilies他们远离家人感到寂寞。这说明美国的老年人并不是经常与儿女和孙子孙女住在一起。所以应该选unusual，意思是“不平常的，罕见的”。43.C 后一句说，他们感到退休后生活失去了意义。所以对于一些老年人来说，65岁以后的日子是不愉快的。44.C contact联系，联络。这里指老年人感到寂寞因为远离家人，也失去了和通过工作认识的人的联络。45.A 句意：随着年龄增大，他们越来越担心自己的身体。beworriedabout担心。46.B 句意：住在大城市的老年人担心自己的安全。worried还是和about搭配。47.D 后文说到，他们感到更自由，能做自己之前工作、赚钱养家时没能去做的事。这说明其他的老年人享受老年生活。故选enjoy。48.C feelfreetodosth意为“随便做点什么、觉得可随意做某事”。49.B raise抚养；养育。50.A hobby爱好，符合语境。老年人有时间享受自己的爱好、体育运动，有时间旅行。PartⅣ.ReadingComprehension:(20points)Directions:Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.ThenwriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneFaces,likefingerprints,areunique.Didyoueverwonderhowitispossibleforustorecognizepeople?Evenaskilledwriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatonefacedifferentfromanother.Yetaveryyoungchild—orevenananimal,suchasapigeon—canlearntorecognizefaces.Wealltakethisabilityforgranted.Wealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehave.Whenwetalkaboutsomeone’spersonality,wemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheacts,speaks,thinks,andfeelsthatmakethatindividualdifferentfromothers.Likethehumanface,humanpersonalityisverycomplex.Butdescribingsomeone’spersonalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribinghisface.Ifyouwereaskedtodescribewhata“niceface”lookedlike,youprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingthis.Butifyouwereaskedtodescribea“niceperson,”youmightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskind,considerate,friendly,warm,andsoforth.Therearemanywordstodescribehowapersonthinks,feelsandacts.FordinAllport,anAmericanpsychologistfoundnearly18,000Englishwordscharacterizingdifferencesinpeople’sbehavior.Andmanyofususethisinformationasabasisfordescribing,ortyping,hispersonality.Bookworms,conservatives,militarytypes—peoplearedescribedwithsuchterms.Peoplehavetriedto“type”eachother.ActorsinearlyGreekdramaworemaskstoshowtheaudiencewhethertheyplayedthevillains(坏人)orthehero’srole.Infact,thewords“person”and“personality”comefromtheLatinwordpersona,meaning“mask”.Today,mosttelevisionsandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.Butwecaneasilytellthe“goodguys”fromthe“badguys”becausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasinactions.51.Byusingtheexamplesoffingerprints,theauthortellsusthat_____.A.peoplecanlearntorecognizefacesB.peoplehavedifferentpersonalitiesC.peoplehavedifficultyindescribingthefeaturesoffingerprintsD.peopledifferfromeachotherinfacialfeatures52.Accordingtothepassage,someanimalshavethegiftof_____.A.tellingpeopleapartbyhowtheybehaveB.typingeachotherC.tellinggoodpeoplefrombadpeopleD.recognizinghumanfaces53.Whomostpossiblyknowsbesthowtodescribepeople’spersonality?A.TheancientGreekaudienceB.ThemovieactorsC.PsychologistsD.ThemodernTVaudience54.Accordingtothepassage,itispossibleforustotellonetypeofpersonfromanotherbecause_____.A.peopledifferintheirbehaviorandphysicalcharacteristicsB.humanfingerprintsprovideuniqueinformationC.people’sbehaviorcanbeeasilydescribedinwordsD.humanfaceshavecomplexfeatures55.Whichofthefollowingisthemajorpointofthepassage?A.Whyisitnecessarytoidentifypeople’spersonality?B.Whyisitpossibletodescribepeople?C.Howtogettoknowpeople?D.Whenisthetimetodescribepeople?【答案与解析】51.D 本文第一句“Faces,likefingerprints,areunique.”说“像指纹一样，每个人的脸是独特的。”也就是说每个人的指纹不同，外貌也不同。52.D 第一段倒数第二句Yetaveryyoungchild—orevenananimal,suchasapigeon—canlearntorecognizefaces.意思是小孩、动物（如鸽子）可以辨别人脸。53.B 根据最后一段mosttelevisionandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.Butwecaneasilytellthe“goodguys”fromthe“badguys”becausethetwotypesdifferinappearancesaswellasinactions．可知，演员无须戴面具，但观众能够从他们对人物的演绎中知道他们是好人还是坏人。所以，演员一定是最能描述性格的人。54.A 从最后一段最后一句Butwecaneasilytellthe“goodguys”fromthe“badguys”becausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasinactions.可以得出，我们能轻易地分辨人与人的区别是因为外貌和行为的不同。也就是A项所说“人们的行为特点和身体特点不同”。55.B 根据文章内容，作者认为人的外貌和行为是不同的，所以我们才能够对不同的人进行分类。所以B项“为什么可以描述人的特征”是文章的主要观点。PassageTwoDuringtheearlyyearsofthiscentury,wheatwasseenastheverylifebloodofWesternCanada.Whenthecropsweregood,theeconomywasgood;whenthecropsfailed,therewasdepression.Peopleoncitystreetswatchedtheyieldsandthepriceofwheatwithalmostasmuchfeelingasiftheyweregrowers.Themarketingofwheatbecameanincreasinglyfavoritetopicofconversation.Warsetthestageforthemostdramaticeventsinmarketingthewesterncrop.Foryears,farmersmistrustedspeculativegrainsellingascarriedonthroughtheWinnipegGrainExchange.Wheatpricesweregenerallylowintheautumn,butfarmerscouldnotwaitformarketstoimprove.Ithadhappenedtoooftenthattheysoldtheirwheatsoonafterharvestwhenfarmdebtswerecomingdue,onlytoseepricesrisingandspeculatorsgettingrich.Onvariousoccasions,producergroupsaskedforfirmercontrols,butgovernmentshadnowilltobecomeinvolved,atleastnotuntilwartimewheatpricesthreatenedtorunwild.Anxioustocheckinflationandrisinglivingcosts,thefederalgovernmentappointedaboardofgrainsupervisorstohandledeliveriesfromthecropsof1917and1918.GrainExchangetradingwassuspended,andfarmerssoldatpricesfixedbytheboard.Tohandlethecropof1919,thegovernmentappointedthefirstCanadianWheatBoardwithfullauthoritytobuy,sell,andsetprices.56.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainhowwheatismarkedtoday.B.TojustifysuspensionoftradingontheGrainExchange.C.TodescribetheoriginsoftheCanadianWheatBoard.D.ToargueforfurtherreformsontheCanadianWheatBoard.57.Theauthorusestheterm“lifeblood”(line1)toindicatethatwhealwas_____.A.difficulttoproduceinlargequantitiesB.susceptibletomanyparasitesC.essentialtothehealthofthecountryD.expensivetogatherandtransport58.Accordingtothepassage,mostfarmers’debtshadtobepaid_____.A.whentheautumnharvesthadjustbeencompletedB.becausewheatpriceswerehighC.assoonastheWinnipegGrainExchangedemandedpaymentD.whencropfailurecauseddepression59.Accordingtothepassage,whealpricesbecameunmanageablebecauseofconditionscausedby_____.A.farmersB.supervisorsC.weatherD.war60.Accordingtothepassage,apreliminarystepinthecreationoftheCanadianBoardwastheappointmentof_____.A.theWinnipegGrainExchangeB.aboardofsupervisorsC.severalproducergroupsD.anewgovernment【答案与解析】56.C 第一段讲的是小麦是加拿大西部地区的命脉，对其经济起着关键作用。第二段讲的是小麦价格不稳定，生产者要求进行调控，但政府不愿管，直到战争期间小麦价格飞涨、难以控制。接着第三段就指出政府为了控制通货膨胀和人民生活成本提高，设立了加拿大第一个小麦管理局，来负责采购、销售小麦以及定价。所以本文讲的是小麦管理局设立的背景。57.C 第一段第二句“Whenthecropsweregood,theeconomywasgood;whenthecropsfailed,therewasdepression.”意思是小麦收成好，经济就好，收成不好，就会出现经济萧条。由此可见当时小麦对于加拿大的经济发展是十分重要的。58.A 第二段中“Ithadhappenedtoooftenthattheysoldtheirwheatsoonafterharvestwhenfarmdebtswerecomingdue”说明秋收时农民的农业欠款到期，所以他们就马上卖掉小麦。59.D A项“农民们”不合题意，因为农民们出售小麦是为了交税款，不得不在价格很低时卖掉。B项“监督管理人员”也不符合实际，他们对粮食价格和交易进行监督，他们是帮助政府对社会和价格进行调控，以便使价格稳定下来，应排除B项。C项“天气”，全文没有涉及因为天气原因欠收而造成小麦价格无法控制的内容，故C错误。D项“战争”，第二段最后一句中“wartimewheatpricesthreatenedtorunwild”说明战争期间小麦价格变得难以控制。所以D为正确答案。60.B 由最后一段第一句“Anxioustocheckinflationandrisinglivingcoasts,thefederalgovernmentappointedaboardofgrainsupervisorstohandledeliveriesfromthecropsof1917and1918.”可知，为了急于控制通货膨胀和过高的生活消费，联邦政府任命了一个粮食监督委员会，处理1917和1918年粮食的交易。所以在成立加拿大小麦管理局之前先是认命了一个粮食监督委员会。PassageThreeTheAmericancollegetownhashadacharacterandapersonalityunlikeothertowns.Cleaner,neaterthanothertowns,withgreenspacessomewheretowardthecenter,withwhitespiresorGothictowersorwindoweddormitorieshalfhidbytrees,theywerethelittlecapitalsoftheacademicstates.Astradingorindustrialcenters,theirlifemighthavebeenindistinguishablefrom,townsorcitiesofalikesize,butintheirsocialconsciousnesstherewasalwayssomerecognitionofpeculiarity.Fortheheartofthecommunitywasacollege.Itssubtleinfluencewereaspervasiveas,iflessnoticeablethan,thequiteunsubtlesymbolsofcollegelife—playingfields,cafes,andcollegiateclothing.Andintheearly1900s,thecollegetownwasnoluncheonstopforautomobiles.Itwassecluded,evenifitwasatownwithinacity,liketheYalesectionofNewHaven;itknewitsboundariesandkeptthem.Itwasjealousofitsdistinctions:ifitwasuneasy,itwasalsoproud.ThecampusandthecollegebuildingsdominateditsarchitecturelikethetempleandcitadelofaGreekcity-slate,adifficultrelationshipsincetherewasalwayssomedoubtinthemindsofthetown-folkwhetherthecollegewasanassetoraparasite.Thetownwithitscollegewaslikeawoman’sclubcommitteewithacelerityintow—acredittothembutalsoanembarrassmentandsometimesanuisance;itwaslikeaFrenchvillagebutuponaRomancamptowhichtouristsresort;itwaslikethemistressofanactors’boardinghouse,pleasedbythenotorietybutworriedbythemanners,orthemorals,ofherboarders.Itwaslikealmostanythingbutatownwithoutacollege.Andmanyacollegetownwaslikearesentfulmotherwhoexpectingaquietandmanageableinfant,hadgivenbirthtoaGargantuathatswallowedwholestreetsandsquaresinitsgiganticgrowing.61.Thisarticleismainlyaboutthepersonalityof_____.A.YaleB.Americancollegetownsoftheearly1900sC.IvyLeaguecollegetownsD.allcollegetowns62.Accordingtothearticle,collegetownspeopleperceivedtheirtownas_____.A.differentfromothertownsofasimilarsizeB.indistinguishablefromothertownsofasimilarsizeC.isolatedfromtherestoftheworldD.superiortoothertownsandtheyboastofitscollege63.“Theheartofcommunitywasacollege”meansthat_____.A.thecharacteristicsofacollegeenvironmentpervadedthewholetownB.thecollegeexercisedthegreatesteconomicinfluenceC.mostpeopleinthecollegetownwereemployedbythecollegeD.athleticeventsgavethewholetownacollegespirit64.Duringtheearly1900s,collegesweregenerallysituated_____.A.ininaccessiblelocationsB.awayfromthemainstreamoftrafficC.inindustrialcentersD.inlargecities65.Impliedbutnotstated:_____.A.CollegestodaydonotinfluencetheircommunitiestotheextentthattheydidfiftyyearsagoB.Intheearly1900s,collegetownswerelikeanyothertownC.Intheearly1900s,thecollegetownwasnoluncheonslopforautomobilesD.Therehasbeennochangeinthepersonalityofcollegetowns【答案与解析】61.B 第一段“TheAmericancollegetown”说明文章讲的是美国的大学城。而且第二段第一句更是指出了时间。62.A 第一段中“Astradingorindustrialcenters,theirlifemighthavebeenindistinguishablefrom,townsorcitiesofalikesize,butintheirsocialconsciousnesstherewasalwayssomerecognitionofpeculiarity.”表明，虽然看起来与其他面积相当的城镇indistinguishable无法区分，但是在大学城人们的心中，它是特别的。也就是与其他城镇不同的。63.A 该句后面句子“Itssubtleinfluencewereaspervasiveas,iflessnoticeablethan,thequiteunsubtlesymbolsofcollegelife—playingfields,cafes,andcollegiateclothing.”说明，因为这个大学城的中心是大学，所以还是有细微的影响力的。64.A 第二段第二句说明，二十世纪初，尽管大学城在城市里的城镇中，但与其他区域隔绝，保持着边界。第一句还说不允许机动车停靠。所以是难以到达的。65.D 本文并没有提到如今大学城的大学对社区的影响，故A项没有依据。第一段明确表示，大学城和其他城镇是不同的，所以B项说法错误。C项就是第二段第一句原句，是文中已经陈述的内容，故不符合题意。PassageFourAcityofthefuture—wheretherewillbenohousingshortage,nounemployment,nopollution,andplentyofgoodschools,efficienttransportation,fruittrees,andgardens—isunderconstructionnearAnchorage,Alaska,onlyafewmilesfromtheArcticCircle.Thetemperature-controlled,indoorcitywillbetheheadquartersforoilexplorationanddevelopmentofAlaska’snorthslope,andwillprovidehousingfortheexpectedinfluxofresidents,estimatedultimatelytonumberfiftythousand.Ahugepowerplant,whichwilloperatewithnaturalgasfromtheoilreserves,willprovideheatfortheentirecity.Thetemperaturewillneverfallbelow68degrees.Peoplewillstrollincomfortintheglass-enclosedstreetswhiletheirneighborsinnearlyAnchoragesufferatthirtybelowzero.ThewondercitywillbeconnectedwithAnchoragebyhighspeedmonorail,whileinteriortransportationwillbeviamineralandelectrictaxis.AutomobileswillbeleftnearAnchorage.Theprimitivebeautyofthesurroundingareawillbeleftalmostuntouchedtoprovideasatisfyingnaturalenvironmentforhiking,fishingandotheroutdooractivities,likesonthesidewillbeforsail-boatsandcanoes.Ifpeoplewanttogointothewilderness,theywillhavetogoonskatesorsnowshoes.Nosnowmobilesormotorboatswillbeallowed.The$7,200,000purchaseofAlaskafromRussia,whichwasarrangedin1867byUSSecretaryofStateWilliamSeward,wascalledSeward’sFolly.Incontrast,thenameofthefuturisticAlaskancityisSeward’ssuccess.66.Theauthorimpliesthat,incomparisonwithAnchorage,thenewcitywillhave_____.A.moreefficientgarbagecollectionB.moreadequatepowersupplyC.moreluxuriousvegetationD.agreaterpopulation67.Accordingtothearticle,thecitywillhave_____.A.aconstanttemperatureof68degreesB.inexhaustibleoilreservesC.sunlightatmidnightD.noneoftheabove68.Impliedbutnotstated:_____.A.PeoplewillreachthecitybymonorailB.ElectrictrolleybuseswilloperateinthecityC.TherewillbefewtrafficproblemsinthecityD.Taxiservicewillnotbeavailable69.Thecityhasbeennamedafterthe_____.A.firstgovernorofAlaskaB.manwhopurchasedAlaskafromRussiaC.engineerwhoplannedthecityD.noneoftheabove70.Thetoneofthisarticleis_____.A.factualandoptimisticB.factualandpessimisticC.imaginativeandoptimisticD.imaginativeandpessimistic【答案与解析】66.B 第三段指出，会建立大发电厂为新城市供暖，在新城市温度不会下降68度，人们可以在玻璃包围的街上舒服地散步然而临近的城市Anchorage的人却要忍受零下30度的低温。这说明，与Anchorage相比，新城市电力供应更加充足。67.D 第三段只说新城市温度不会下降68度，而不是说温度会一直维持在68度，故A项错误。第三段提到了石油储备，但并没有指出是用之不竭的，故B项错误。C项更是没有提到。68.A 第四段第一句“ThewondercitywillbeconnectedwithAnchoragebyhighspeedmonorail”暗示着人们将可以乘坐高速单轨列车到达新城市。A项正确。文中并没有提到无轨电车，所以B项内容isnotstated，但文中也没有什么暗示B项内容的句子。第一段明确提到，新城市有efficienttransportation，也就是高效的交通，暗示着新城市的交通会很快捷、方便，但这并不意味着就不会有任何交通问题出现（如停车问题、交通事故），所以C项并不是efficienttransportation暗示的内容。第四段第一句中“whileinteriortransportationwillbeviamineralandelectrictaxis.”说明新城市将有出租车，故D项说法是错误的。69.B 最后一段最后一句“Incontrast,thenameofthefuturisticAlaskancityisSeward’ssuccess.”指出，这个未来阿拉斯加州新城市的命名是Seward的成功之处。所以推断新城市是以Seward的名字命名的。上一句又提到，是Seward从俄罗斯那里买了阿拉斯加州这个地方。70.C 新城市正在建造，本文中句子充重复出现的will表明，作者是在畅想新城市的未来。且全文口吻是积极的。PartⅤ.Translation(15points)Translatetheunderlined5sentencesintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetⅡ.(71)Oneofthecharacteristicsthatdistinguisheshumanbeingsfromtheotheranimalsistheirhighlydevelopedabilitytocommunicate—thatis,totransferideasfromoneindividualtoanotherthroughabstractvisualororalsymbolsandespeciallytorecordthesesymbolssothattheycancommunicatewithindividualsfarawayinplaceortime.(72)Manyoftheotheranimalsalsocommunicatewitheachotherinalesscomplexbutneverthelessinterestingfashion.Somebirdshavearepertoireofcalls,eachofwhichappearstohaveasignificantmeaningtootherbirds.(73)Workerbeeshaveasignsystem,bywhichtheyinformotherbeesinthehiveofthedirectionanddistancetoafoodsupply.(74)Someanimalscommunicatebyusingachemicallanguage;theodors