华南理工大学外国语学院《357英语翻译基础》专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

2011年华南理工大学357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解Ⅰ. Directions:Translatethefollowingwords,abbreviationsorterminologyintotargetlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.Therearealtogether30itemsinthispartofthetest,withonepointforeach.(30′)1.OPEC【答案】石油输出国组织查看答案2.BRIC【答案】金砖四国查看答案3.MPA【答案】公共管理硕士查看答案4.CIA【答案】中央情报局查看答案5.NASA【答案】美国国家航空航天局查看答案6.UNESCO【答案】联合国教科文组织查看答案7.IOC【答案】国际奥林匹克委员会查看答案8.SiliconValley【答案】硅谷查看答案9.tradesurplus【答案】贸易顺差查看答案10.carbonfootprint【答案】碳足迹查看答案11.VentureCapital【答案】风险资本查看答案12.fixedasset【答案】固定资产查看答案13.ValueAddedTax【答案】增值税查看答案14.KyotoProtocol【答案】京都议定书查看答案15.castpearlsbeforeaswine【答案】对牛弹琴查看答案16.社保体系【答案】socialsecuritysystem查看答案17.不良贷款【答案】non-performingloan查看答案18.恶性循环【答案】viciouscircle查看答案19.中介服务【答案】intermediaryservices查看答案20.不可再生资源【答案】non-renewableresources查看答案21.财政收入【答案】fiscalrevenue查看答案22.多元文化社会【答案】multi-culturalsociety查看答案23.访问学者【答案】visitingscholar查看答案24.义务教育【答案】compulsoryeducation查看答案25.森林覆盖率【答案】forestcoveragerate查看答案26.基础设施建设【答案】infrastructureconstruction查看答案27.可持续发展战略【答案】strategyofsustainabledevelopment查看答案28.流动人口【答案】floatingpopulation查看答案29.实况转播【答案】livebroadcast查看答案30.外交豁免权【答案】diplomaticimmunity查看答案Ⅱ. Directions:Translatethefollowingtwosourcetextsintotargetlanguagerespectively.IfthesourcetextisinEnglish,itstargetlanguageisChinese.IfthesourcetextisinChinese,itstargetlanguageisEnglish.(120′)SourceText1:OntheArtofLivingwithOthersInthefirstplace,ifpeoplearetolivehappilytogether,theymustnotfancy,becausetheyarethrowntogethernow,thatalltheirliveshavebeenexactlysimilaruptothepresenttime,thattheystartedexactlyalike,andthattheyaretobeforthefutureofthesamemind.Athoroughconvictionofthedifferenceofmenisthegreatthingtobeassuredofinsocialknowledge:itistolifewhatNewton’slawistoastronomy.Sometimesmenhaveaknowledgeofitwithregardtotheworldingeneral:theydonotexpecttheouterworldtoagreewiththeminallpoints,butarevexedatnotbeingabletodrivetheirowntastesandopinionsintothosetheylivewith.Diversitiesdistressthem.Theywillnotseethattherearemanyformsofvirtueandwisdom.Manyoftherulesforpeoplelivingtogetherinpeacefollowfromtheabove.Forinstance,nottointerfereunreasonablywithothers,nottoridiculetheirtastes,nottoquestionandrequestiontheirresolves,nottoindulgeinperpetualcommentontheirproceedings,andtodelightintheirhavingotherpursuitsthanours,areallbaseduponathoroughperceptionofthesimplefactthattheyarenotwe.Ifyouwouldbelovedasacompanion,avoidunnecessarycriticismuponthosewithwhomyoulive.Thenumberofpeoplewhohavetakenoutjudge’spatentsforthemselvesisverylargeinanysociety.Nowitwouldbehardforamantolivewithanotherwhowasalwayscriticisinghisactions,evenifitwerekindlyandjustcriticism.Itwouldbelikelivingbetweentheglassesofamicroscope.【参考译文】论与人相处的艺术首先，如果人们想幸福快乐地一起生活，就一定不能想当然地认为，既然他们现在已经相遇并在一起了，那么过去到现在，他们的生活都是一样的，开端一样而且以后也会以一样的思维继续生活。在社交生活知识中，人与人之间存在差异是根本定论，就像牛顿定律是天文学的根本定律一样。大千世界，有时候人类有这种认识：他们不求外界在所有问题上都能和他们观点一致，但是会因不能将自己的品味、想法灌输给身边的人而烦恼愠怒。差异使他们痛苦，他们不会明白其实美德和智慧有很多种形式。人与人能和谐相处的许多规则都遵循刚刚提到的观点，比如，不要毫无理由地干涉他人，不要嘲笑他人的品味，不要质疑或反复质疑他人的决心，不要无休止地品论他人的事情，要为他人的追求与自己不同而感到高兴，所有这些都基于一个简单的事实——他们不是我们。要想成为受喜爱的同伴，就要避免对共同生活的人不必要的挑剔苛求。任何团体中总有很多人自诩为“法官”行使权力。即使出于善意或提醒，人们也很难和一个总是挑剔自己行为的人生活，因为这种生活就如同放在了显微镜下。SourceText2:一条浩浩荡荡的长江大河，有时流到很宽阔的境界，平原无际，一泻万里。有时流到很逼狭的境界，两岸丛山迭岭，绝壁断崖，江河流于其间，回环曲折，极其险峻。民族生命的进展，其经历亦复如是。人类在历史上的生活正如旅行一样。旅途上的征人所经过的地方，有时是坦荡平原，有时是崎岖险路。志于旅途的人走到平坦的地方，固然高高兴兴地向前走，走到崎岖的境界，愈是奇趣横生，觉得在此奇绝壮绝的境界，愈发能感到一种冒险的美趣。【参考译文】Amightylongriversometimesflowsthroughabroadsectionwithplainslyingboundlessoneitherside,itswatersrollingonnon-stopforthousandsuponthousandsofmiles.Sometimesitcomesupagainstanarrowsectionflankedbyhighmountainsandsteepcliffs,windingthroughacoursewithmanyaperiloustwistandturn.Anation,inthecourseofitsdevelopment,fareslikewise.Thehistoricalcourseofman’slifeisjustlikeajourney.Atraveleronalongjourneypassesthroughnowabroad,levelplain,nowarugged,hazardousroad.Whileadeterminedtravelercheerfullycontinueshi