杨岂深《英国文学选读Book 2》笔记和考研真题详解

绗?绔犮€€澶嶄範绗旇绗?鍗曞厓銆€涔旀不路姊呯憺鐙勬柉GeorgeMeredith(1828-1909)锛堜箶娌宦锋鐟炵媱鏂級1Life锛堢敓骞筹級GeorgeMeredith,novelistandpoetintheVictorianera,wasborninatailorfamily.Hewrotemorethan20novelsandmanypoems.DifferentfromotherEnglishnovelistsinthesecondhalfofthe19thcentury,helaidlittleemphasisonstructureandtechnique.Hewasfamousforhisexcellentconversation,wittyandpoeticscenesandmentaldescription.Hewasfarbeyondhisageforhistreatingwomenastotallyindependentpersonsasmen.涔旀不路姊呯憺鐙勬柉鏄嫳鍥界淮澶氬埄浜氭椂浠ｇ殑灏忚瀹躲€佽瘲浜恒€傚嚭鐢熶簬涓€涓缂濆搴紝涓€鐢熷啓鏈?0澶氶儴灏忚鍜岃澶氳瘲姝屻€備笌19涓栫邯鍚庡崐鍙跺叾浠栬嫳鍥藉皬璇村涓嶅悓锛屼粬涓嶆敞閲嶇粨鏋勫拰鎶€宸э紝鑰屼互绮惧僵鐨勫璇濓紝鍏呮弧鏈烘櫤鍜岃瘲鎰忕殑瀹忎紵鍦洪潰锛屼互鍙婂浜虹墿蹇冪悊鐨勫埢鐢昏憲绉般€備粬杩滆繙瓒呰秺鍏舵椂浠ｏ紝鎶婂濂崇湅鎴愬拰鐢峰瓙骞崇瓑鐨勫畬鍏ㄧ嫭绔嬬殑涓汉銆?/p>2MajorWorks锛堜富瑕佷綔鍝侊級ModernLove(1862)銆婄幇浠ｇ埍鎯呫€?/p>PoemsandLyricsofthejoyofEarth(1883)銆婂ぇ鍦版姝屻€?/p>TheOrdealofRichardFeverel(1859)銆婄悊鏌ュ痉路娉曞紬灏旂殑鑰冮獙銆?/p>TheEgoist(1879)銆婂埄宸变富涔夎€呫€?/p>DianaoftheCrossways(1885)銆婂椒寰ㄤ腑鐨勬埓瀹夊銆?/p>TheIdeaofComedyandtheUsesoftheComicSpirit(1897)銆婂枩鍓х殑姒傚康鍜屽枩鍓х簿绁炵殑浣滅敤銆?/p>3SelectedWork锛堥€夎浣滃搧锛?/p>鈼員heEgoist銆婂埄宸变富涔夎€呫€?/p>WilloughbyPatterneistheheiroftheestablishedfamilyPatterne.Sincehischildhood,hehasbeenaprominentfigureinhiscounty.Hissoulhasbeensoakedwithextremeegoism.Heaskshisfianc茅tofixhermindandemotiononhim.HedoesnotwanttomarryLaetitiaDalewholikeshim,buthekeepsherfromleaving.Heaskshiscousintocompletelydependonhimanddoesnotallowthecousintoleavetheirplantation.HeproposestoConstantiaDurhamandsheagreed.However,asshegraduallyseeshisegoism,sheelopeswithaCalvaryofficer.Willoughbyalsoforceshistwounmarriedauntstodoaswhathetells.Inaword,hewantseverybodytolistentohisorder.Intheend,everyonegetsdisgustedwithhisegoismandabandonhim.ThisnoveldescribestheemotionalexperienceofanEnglishnoblemanWilloughbyPatterne,anextremeegoist.ItbitterlysatirizesthehollownessanddecadenceofEnglishBourgeoisieintermsofcomedyandrevealstheharmofegoismandtheauthor鈥檚criticalattitudethroughtheegoist鈥檚endofhisself-destruction.濞佹礇姣斅锋煆鐧绘槸鏈涙棌鏌忕櫥姘忕殑缁ф壙浜猴紝鑷皬灏辨槸閮￠噷浼楃洰鎵€鐬╃殑浜虹墿锛屼絾浠栫殑鐏甸瓊娴搁€忎簡鏋佺鑷鑷埄鐨勬€濇兂銆備粬瑕佹眰浠栨湭濠氬鏃犺鎬濇兂杩樻槸鎰熸儏浠ヤ粬涓鸿浆绉汇€備粬骞朵笉鎯充笌鍠滄浠栫殑涓借拏瑗垮▍缁撳锛屽嵈涔熶笉璁╁ス绂诲紑浠栥€備粬瑕佹眰琛ㄥ紵瀹屽叏渚濊禆浠栵紝涓嶅厑璁镐粬绂诲紑搴勫洯銆備粬鍚戝悍鏂潶瑗垮▍路寰锋媺濮嗘眰濠氾紝瀵规柟琛ㄧず鍚屾剰銆備絾褰撳ス閫愭笎璁よ瘑鍒板▉娲涙瘮鐨勮嚜绉佽嚜鍒╁悗锛屽ス鍜屼竴鍚嶉獞澹啗瀹樼濂斾簡銆傚▉娲涙瘮杩樿姹備粬涓や釜濮戝鍚懡浜庝粬銆傛€讳箣锛屼粬甯屾湜鎵€鏈変汉鑳藉惉浠庝粬鐨勬剰蹇椼€傛渶鍚庯紝浼椾汉鍘屾伓浠栫殑鑷垜涓績涓讳箟鑰岀寮€浜嗕粬銆?/p>杩欓儴浣滃搧鐫€閲嶆弿缁樹簡鑻卞浗璐垫棌闈掑勾濞佹礇姣斅锋煆鐧昏繖涓瀬绔埄宸变富涔夎€呯殑鎯呮劅缁忓巻锛屼互鍠滃墽鐨勫舰寮忓槻寮勮嫳鍥借祫浜ч樁绾х殑绌鸿櫄涓庡爼钀斤紝骞堕€氳繃鍒╁繁涓讳箟鑰呰嚜鎴戞瘉鐏殑缁撳眬鎻ず浜嗗埄宸变富涔夌殑鍗卞鎬у拰浣滃鐨勬壒鍒ゆ€佸害銆?/p>

绗?鍗曞厓銆€濞佸粔路鑾噷鏂?/a>

WilliamMorris(1834-1896)锛堝▉寤壜疯帿閲屾柉锛?/p>

1Life锛堢敓骞筹級

WilliamMorris,Englishpoet,artistandsocialactivist,wasborninarichfamily.Inthelate1870th,heturnedtothethenprosperoussocialistmovementinEngland.LaterheandMarx鈥檚daughterEverlingMarxjointlyfoundedSocialistLeague.Inthe1880th,Morrisparticipatedinworkers鈥?strikesanddemonstrationsmanytimes.Hewasagainstaestheticismandwasinfavoroftheunityofpoliticsandart.Hisworksplainlyreflecthispoliticaltendency.

濞佸粔路鑾噷鏂紝鑻卞浗璇椾汉銆佽壓鏈鍜岀ぞ浼氭椿鍔ㄥ銆備粬鍑虹敓鍦ㄤ竴涓瘜鏈夊搴€備竷鍗佸勾浠ｆ湯锛岃帿閲屾柉杞悜褰撴椂鑻卞浗钃媰鍙戝睍鐫€鐨勭ぞ浼氫富涔夎繍鍔?鍚庢潵鍜岄┈鍏嬫€濈殑濂冲効鍩冧經鏋椔烽┈鍏嬫€濆叡鍚屽垱绔嬩簡绀句細涓讳箟鍚岀洘銆傚湪鍏崄骞翠唬锛岃帿閲屾柉澶氭鍙傚姞宸ヤ汉鐨勭舰宸ャ€佹父琛屻€傝帿閲屾柉鍙嶅鍞編涓讳箟锛屼富寮犳斂娌诲拰鑹烘湳搴旇缁熶竴銆備粬鐨勪綔鍝佸叿鏈夋槑鏄剧殑鏀挎不鍊惧悜銆?/p>

2MajorWorks锛堜富瑕佷綔鍝侊級

TheEarthlyParadise(1868-1870)銆婂湴涓婁箰鍥€?/p>

ChantsforSocialism(1884-1885)銆婄ぞ浼氫富涔夋瓕闆嗐€?/p>

PilgrimsofHope(1886)銆婂笇鏈涚殑鎺㈡眰鑰呫€?/p>

DreamofJohnBall(l888)銆婃ⅵ瑙佺害缈奥蜂繚灏斻€?/p>

NewsFromNowhere(1891)銆婁箤鏈変埂娑堟伅銆?/p>

3SelectedWork锛堥€夎浣滃搧锛?/p>

鈼哊ewsFromNowhere銆婁箤鏈変埂娑堟伅銆?/p>

TheheroofthenovelWilliamGuestinhisdreamseestheestablishedsocialistBritain.Here,peoplehavegotridofthethoughtofpursuingprofitsandbecomingrichandtheyareworkinghappily.UndertheguidanceofDick,GuestmeetstheoldmanHammondandhasalongtalkwithhim.Theirconversationisrelatedwitheducation,politics,socialmorality,marriage,etc.inthesocialistcommunity.

Asforthefuturesocialistsociety,thenoveldisplaysabeautifulsceneinwhichthereisnoclass,povertybutequalityandliberty.TheauthorcriticizestheBritishcapitalistsocietyinthe19thcentury.Heisopposedtobigindustryandhisidealsocialismisbasedonsmallproduction.

灏忚鐨勪富浜哄叕濞佸粔锛庢牸鏂壒鍦ㄦⅵ涓鍒板凡缁忓缓鎴愬叡浜т富涔夌ぞ浼氱殑鑻卞浗銆傝繖閲岋紝浜轰滑宸叉秷鐏簡杩芥眰鍒╂鼎鍜屽彂璐㈣嚧瀵岀殑瑙傚康锛屽湪鎰夊揩鍦板伐浣滅潃銆傚湪鍚戝鐙