天津市南开区2020届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题含解析

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精天津市南开区2020届高三第二次模拟考试英语试题含解析2019—2020学年度第二学期南开区高三年级模拟考试（二）英语学科试卷本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时间100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1至12页，第Ⅱ卷13至16页.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时,考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上,答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利!第Ⅰ卷注意事项：1.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号.2。本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例:Standoverthere________you'llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.or。B。andC.butD。while答案是B。1。Stayingathome，nosocializingandwearingafacemaskifgoinganywherehaveprovedtobethemost________waystopreventthespreadofthenovelcoronavirus.A.effective B。expensive C.miserable D。suspicious【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析.句意：待在家里，不参加社交活动，出门带口罩是预防新型冠状病毒传播的最有效的方法.A。effective有效的;B。expensive昂贵的；C.miserable悲惨的；D。suspicious可疑的.根据空前列举的预防措施及常识可知,此处指“最有效的方法".故选A。2。—Readingisthebestwaytokilltimeonthetrain.—________Inevergotravelingwithoutabook.A.Youarejoking. B。Idon’tthinkso. C.That’strue. D.Don’tmentionit.【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：-—阅读是在火车上消磨时间的最好方式。——我不这么认为。我从不带着书去旅行。A。Youarejoking.别开玩笑了;B。Idon’tthinkso。我不这么认为；C。That’strue.这是真的；D.Don’tmentionit.别客气.根据空后Inevergotravelingwithoutabook.可知，后者不赞同前者的观点。故选B。3.Thetrafficonthemainstreetshasalongergreensignalthan________onthesideones.A.one B.this C。it D.that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：主街上交通灯的绿灯指示时间比旁边小街上的绿灯指示时间长。空处指代的是前面的thetraffic，这是个抽象不可数名词,而且是特指。本题四个选项都为替代词，one用于指代上文中出现的单数可数名词，表泛指，此处完全不符合；this不能用于此种形式的指代;it用于指代上文提到的同名同物，但此处是指代另外街道上的交通,亦不符合；that指代上文中出现的不可数名词或单数可数名词,表特指，其后有修饰语限制,符合该空要求，综上应选D。4。Withthedevelopmentofeconomy，ourincomehasincreased________10％recently.A。by B.in C。on D。at【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查increase相关的固定短语.句意:随着经济的发展，我们的经济最近增长了10％。A.increaseby增长了……；B。increasein在……方面增长；C.increaseon在……方面增长;D。increaseat以某个恒定速率增长（如连续几年以某个速率稳定增长或年均增长)。结合句意，此处应是指近期某次统计中增长了10％,介词后为数字，而非某个具体方面，排除B、C，且该速率并非长期的恒定速率，排除D，故选A.，5.—Wouldyouliketojoinusinthematch?—Sorry.Iamnot________asanyofyou.A.soagoodplayer B。sogoodaplayerC。aplayersogood D。asogoodplayer【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：—-你愿意参加我们的比赛吗？——对不起。我没有你们任何一个人打得好。此处是固定句型：notas/so…as…，as/so后面先接形容词，再接冠词，后接名词。故选B。6.—Mikeisplanningtobuyacar.—Iknow.Bynextmonth,he________enoughforasecond—handone.A.saves B。saved C。willhavesaved D。hassaved【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意:——迈克正计划买一辆车.——我知道。到下个月，他就攒够钱买一辆二手货了。根据空前时间状语Bynextmonth可知，save是延续到将来某个时候的动作，应该用将来完成时.故选C。7.Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehad________homeinthesnowstorm。A.walked B。walkC。towalk D.walking【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词.句意：你无法想象我们在暴风雪中步行回家有多么困难。本题考查havedifficulty(in)doingsth.短语的变式运用.difficulty在句中充当先行词，其后为定语从句，所以用动名词作宾语。故选D。8.—Couldyousharewithmeyour________forhappiness?—Havingapositiveoutlookonlife。A。record B.recipe C.range D。receipt【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你能和我分享一下你的快乐秘诀吗？——拥有积极的人生观。A。record记录；B。recipe食谱，秘诀；C.range范围；D.receipt收据。根据空后forhappiness可知，此处指“快乐秘诀"。故选B.9.Itisestimatedthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudentsintheuniversity________around＄9，000ayear，which________aheavyburdenforsomeofthem.A。is;is B.are；are C。is；are D。are;is【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：据估计，大学里留学生的生活费大约要9000美元一年，这对于其中有些人来说是一笔沉重的负担。完成本题，应分别找出两个主语，第一个空之前的主语livingexpensesforinternationalstudentsintheuniversity可提炼出livingexpenses（生活费用),为可数名词复数，故谓语用are;第二个空之前的which在定语从句中作主语，指代的是先行词around＄9，000ayear，“一年大约9000美金”在此处为一个费用数额，在英语中视为一个整体，使用单数,故谓语用is。综上，本题应选D。10.________desertsformanyyears，Iamstillamazedattheirbeauty.A。Tostudy B。Havingstudied C。Studying D。Studied【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：（尽管）已经研究了这么多年沙漠,我仍然惊诧于它们美丽。此处是位于句首的让步状语，表达“我”已经研究多年,而非表达想要进行研究的目的状语,排除A；动词study与主句主语I构成主动关系，应使用现在分词而非过去分词，排除D;结合formanyyears,该句强调的是从很多年前开始到现在，已经研究多年，使用现在完成时，故应选B。11.Studentsshowgreatinterestin________ProfessorWilliampresentstotheminhisclass.A。whichever B。wherever C。whatever D.however【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：学生们对威廉教授在课堂上给他们讲授的任何东西都表现出极大的兴趣。A.whichever无论哪一个,有特定范围；B.wherever无论哪里；C。whatever无论什么；D.however无论如何。介词后接宾语,此处为宾语从句，引导词在从句中做present的宾语,指代“讲授的内容",应用whatever。故选C.12.Tommy,________yourdoctor’sadviceoryourcoldwillgetworse.A。follow B。following C.followed D.follows【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查祈使句的语法结构。句意：汤米，遵从医嘱,否则你的感冒会加重.此处为对汤米的直接要求、命令，属祈使句，句首动词应使用原形，故选A.13.—Sir，couldIturninmyhomeworkassignmentabitlate?-________,sinceyouhaven’tbeenwellthesedays.A.Youcan’tbeserious B。Oh，allrightC.I'mafraidnot D.Goodidea【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：—-老师，我可以晚一点交作业吗？——哦，好吧，既然你这几天身体不太好。A。Youcan'tbeserious你不是认真的吧;B。Oh，allright哦，好吧；C。I'mafraidnot恐怕不能；D。Goodidea好主意。根据空后sinceyouhaven’tbeenwellthesedays。可知,老师同意了学生的请求.故选B。14。Itwasdifficultto________whatwassaidovertheloudspeakerinthebigsquare。A。makeout B。comeout C。turnout D.bringout【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：在这大广场上，很难分辨出大喇叭里面的人在说什么.A。makeout辨认出,理解；B.comeout结果是，出现，出版；C。turnout出席，参加，最后是;D.bringout出版，公布。结合句意，在大广场上辨认大喇叭里的声音很难，故选A.15。Detectivesareinvestigatingthecompany,threeof________seniorexecutiveshavealreadybeenunderarrest。A。its B。which C.those D。whose【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：侦探们正在调查这家公司，公司的三名高管已经被捕。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是company,在从句中做seniorexecutives的定语，意为“公司的高管”，应使用whose引导。故选D。第二节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1。5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意，然后从16~35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，将短文内容补充完整。Theweatherwascold.IdrovedownlongnarrowroadwithBoris，myoldhighschoolfriend。Hewasveryoutgoingandtreatedeverybody____16____,noconditionsadded.Aftergraduation，IwentintotheNavy，andgraduallylost____17____withhim。Tenyearslatersawamanthat____18____Boris.Buthewasblindinoneeye。Isaidhelloandintroducedmyself。Icould____19____hecouldnotseeme____20____heturnedtheoppositeway.ThenIsaidthatagain。Heanswered____21____，“Idon’tknowyouandyoudon'tneedto____22____whoIam。Don’t____23____meandleavemealone。”Ididnot____24____whatIwashearingbecauseheusedtobeverykindand_____25_____person。It’sapparentthathedidn't_____26_____anyone.Hemusthavehadahardtimesinceheleftschoolorsomeonemighthave_____27_____him.SoIimmediately_____28_____Iwouldnotbeoneofthosepeople.Thenhetoldmehebecameblindwhilehelpingsomeone.Butnobodyshowedany_____29_____towardhimandevenlaughedathimalot。ItoldhimthatIwouldalwaysbehisfriend。_____30_____heputdowneverythingintheheartandchosetoforgiveotherssincehedidn’tlivebetterwithhatred.Thisisgoingtobeareunionandanew_____31_____。Ibelievethatloveandkindnessconquerall.EversinceIwaslittle,myparentstoldmeeventhoughpeopleare_____32_____sometimes，thebestwaytodealwiththatiskindness。Ibelieveifwehadnotshownour_____33_____towardthesepeople,thatwould_____34_____bothsidesintheend。_____35_____ifwestucktoourhatredandlivedintheshadowofit，wewouldneverenjoyahappylife.16.A.nicely B。equally C.seriously D.patiently17.A.favor B。contract C。touch D。friendship18。A.appeared B。resembled C。impressed D。reflected19。A。guess B。tell C.receive D。admit20。A.because B。so C.but D.before21.A。coldly B。slowly C.eventually D.reluctantly22.A.compare B.care C。notice D.expect23。A.judge B。tease C.ignore D。bother24.A。understand B.believe C。mind D.know25。A.warm B.fair C。encouraging D.outstanding26.A.trust B.choose C。know D。help27。A。abandoned B。hurt C.cheated D.doubted28.A。warned B。acknowledged C。guaranteed D.suggested29.A。responsibility B。attention C。kindness D。caution30.A.Really B。Recently C。Immediately D。Finally31.A。shape B.settlement C。signal D。beginning32.A。absurd B。greedy C.mean D.narrow—minded33.A.sadness B。hatred C.disappointment D。cruelty34.A.benefit B.enjoy C.forgive D.move35.A。Besides B.Otherwise C.However D。Therefore【答案】16。A17。C18。B19.A20。A21.A22。B23.D24.B25.A26。A27。B28.C29。C30.D31.D32.C33.B34。A35.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我”偶遇十年未见的老友之后，发生的一系列故事。朋友因遭受身体和心灵上的双重创伤,而对生活充满了怨恨，对他们充满了不信任,而“我”正是帮助他走出这一切的人。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他十分开朗外向，而且无条件对每个人都很好。A。nicely为人好地；B.equally平等地；C.seriously严肃地，严重地;D.patiently耐心地。性格外向开朗的人,一般会对人很好（也就是俗称的这人很nice），A符合语境，这里没有强调他对待不同人的情况，“平等地”不符具体语境，且此处是笼统地概括他的为人，非具体的某件事或某种品质，D于文无据，综上，应选A.【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后我加入了海军，慢慢地和他失去了联系.A.favor赞同，帮助，喜欢；B.contract合同，契约；C.touch联系，接触；D.friendship友谊。结合下文，他们下次见到是十年后了，也就是这期间失去了联系,C符合语境，且文中无任何两人友谊闹翻的内容，干扰项D应排除，故选C.【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:十年后，我见到了一个长得像鲍里斯的人。A。appeared出现，发生；B。resembled像，类似；C.impressed给……留下深刻印象；D.reflected反映,映射.结合语境，十年未见，我看到了一个很像鲍里斯的人,但太久没见，我也不敢笃定,故选B.【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析.句意:我猜测他不能看见我,因为他转向了相反的位置。A。guess猜测；B.tell辨认，告诉;C。receive收到；D.admit承认。我不是那个人，无法真正感知到他是否能看见“我”，而是根据后面他所做出的行为进行推断,因而这是一种猜测，故选A。【20题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我猜测他不能看见我,因为他直接转向了相反的位置。A。because因为；B。so所以；C.but但是；D。before在……之前。连词后的句子内容，是我做推测的依据，因此这一连词是“因为"，故选A.【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:他冷冷地回答着.A.coldly冷酷地，冷漠地;B。slowly慢慢地；C.eventually最终;D。reluctantly不情愿地。根据其后回答,男子十分冷酷，根本不想开始对话，A正确，此处我没有请求他办事，干扰项D也应排除，故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认识你,你也没有必要管我是谁。A.compare比较；B。care关心,顾虑；C.notice通知，注意到;D.expect期待。此时男子不想展开对话，他不认识我，也让我不要去管他是谁或者是关心他是谁(即不care）,故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析.句意：别烦着我，让我一个人待着。A。judge判断，裁判；B。tease取笑，嘲弄；C。ignore忽视；D.bother烦扰，打扰。男子想一个人待着,不想被打扰，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不相信自己所听到的,因为他过去是很亲切很暖（热情)的一个人。A。understand理解；B.believe相信；C.mind介意;D。know知道。过去的鲍里斯和眼前的这个人为人简直是天壤之别，我难以置信,故选B.【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析.句意:我不相信自己所听到的，因为他过去是很亲切很暖（热情）的一个人。A.warm温暖的，热情的;B。fair公平的；C.encouraging鼓舞人心的;D.outstanding杰出的。此处对应的是鲍里斯过去的为人,与第一段呼应，他是一个为人很好,十分亲切、温暖、热情的人，只有A可用于描述为人风格,故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显,他不信任任何人。A。trust信任；B。choose选择；C.know知道;D。help帮助。面对一个主动和他打招呼的人，在还没弄清楚对方是谁的情况下,他直接置之不理，很明显，不信任别人，故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他一定是在离开学校之后，过了一段很苦的日子，或者是有人伤害了他。A.abandoned抛弃，遗弃;B.hurt伤害，使受伤；C。cheated欺骗；D。doubted怀疑。他变成今天这样，肯定是被人伤害过，B符合语境,对于干扰项A和C，这两种情况均有可能，也可能是其他情况，但都能囊括进hurt(伤害)中，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我立刻保证自己不会是那些人之中的一个。A。warned警告;B.acknowledged承认；C.guaranteed保证，确保;D。suggested建议,推荐.从下文看,这之后眼前的鲍里斯就敞开心扉了，所以此处我向他保证自己不会是那些人之一，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析.句意：但是，没人对他表现出善意，甚至还嘲笑他。A.responsibility责任；B。attention注意力，关注;C。kindness善意,友好的行为,仁慈；D.caution小心,谨慎。他因帮助别人导致眼睛残疾之后，别人还嘲笑他，这是带有恶意的行为，也就是没人对他表现出善意，故选C。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析.句意：最终，他放下了内心的一切包袱.A.Really真的;B.Recently最近；C。Immediately立即，立刻；D.Finally最终，终于。他已经有很长一段时间活在怨恨与痛苦中，在我告诉鲍里斯自己将永远做他的朋友之后，他终于放下过去的包袱,使用finally符合这个过程的语境,故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:这将是一次重聚，也是一个新的开始。A。shape形状；B。settlement解决，结算；C。signal信号；D。beginning开始。鲍里斯放下过去，重新开始了新的生活，故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我父母告诉我,即使有时候人们很刻薄，那最好的化解方式也是善意.A.absurd荒谬的,可笑的；B.greedy贪婪的;C。mean刻薄的，D。narrow-minded狭隘的，有偏见的。结合前文内容，一开始鲍里斯的态度很mean(很刻薄），之前对待鲍里斯的那些人同样很刻薄，同时其它选项均不符合语境，故选C.【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我相信，如果我们没有对这些人表达怨恨，那么最终的结果是双方都受益。A.sadness伤心；B。hatred怨恨，憎恨；C.disappointment失望；D。cruelty残酷，残忍.本题为原词复现，hatred是全文多次出现的关键词，鲍里斯之前一直对嘲笑他的那些人怀有恨意,一直带着怨恨生活,故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我相信，如果我们没有对这些人表达怨恨，那么最终的结果是双方都受益.A.benefit受益；B.enjoy享受;C.forgive原谅；D.move移动，感动。以善意对待彼此，对双方都好，两边都受益，故选A.【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:不然的话，如果我们坚持自己的怨恨情绪,而后活在它的阴影下，那我们永远都不能享受到幸福的生活。A.Besides此外,还有；B。Otherwise否则，不然;C.However然而；D.Therefore因此。该句与上句构成转折关系，原本B、C都符合，但空处之后没有逗号，而However表达“然而，但是"的意义时，其后需加逗号，故选B。第二部分:阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳选项。AHereareImportantTravelNoticesfromUnitedAirlinesMarch20，2019，7：12AM。Informationisupdatedasitisreceived。1.TravelandtheZikavirusIfyouhaveaticketfortraveltoacountryaffectedbytheZikavirus(aslistedontheCDCwebsite)andhaveconcerns，pleasecontacttheUnitedCustomerContactCenterwithanyquestionsorchangestoyourreservation.CustomersadvisedtoavoidtheaffectedregionsbasedonCDCguidancemaychangetheirdestinationortraveldatewithoutafeeormaychoosetoreceivearefundiftheirticketswerebookedbeforeFebruary28，2019.Thenewtraveldatemustbewithinthevalidityoftheticket.Additionalchargesmayapplyifthereisadifferenceinfareforthenewtravelroute.2.LongerlinesatsecuritycheckpointsProceduralchangesatTSAcheckpointsthroughouttheUnitedStatesmayresultinlongerlinesatsecuritycheckpoints.Pleaseplanaccordinglyandallowforextratimeattheairport.TheTSAadvisesarrivingattheairporttwohoursbeforeyourflightforUStravelandthreehoursbeforeforinternationaltravel。Tosavetimeatsecurity，weencourageyoutovisitandapplyfortsapre-check。3。NoticeforflightsdepartingtheEuropeanUnion,NorwayandSwitzerlandEURegulation261/2004requiresairlinestoprovidethefollowingnotice:ifyouarenotallowedtoboardorifyourflightiscanceledordelayedforatleasttwohours，askatthecheck-incounterorboardinggatefortheform,statingyourrights,particularlyaboutcompensationandassistance.4.HowtoprotectyourselfTravelerstoregionsaffectedbyZikacantakeprecautionstopreventcontractingthediseasebyprotectingthemselvesagainstmosquitos.TheCDCrecommendsvisitorstoareaswithZikawearlong—sleevedclothing，applymosquitorepellant，anduseamosquitonetatnight。36.Travelersdon’thavetopayadditionalfeeswhentheywantto________.A.rearrangetheirtraveldateatanytimeB。canceltheirflightsbookedbeforeFebruaryC。applyforarefundforticketsbookedinMarchD。choosealongerandmoreexpensiveroutetoanewdestination37。WhatdoweknowfromNotice2？A。Pre-checkcanbedoneonlinetosavetimefortravelers.B。Securitycheckpointsarenotavailableduringthisperiod。C。ItusuallytakeslongertimetogothroughthesecuritycheckintheUS。D.SecuritycheckofInternationalflightsisstricterthanthatoftheUSones.38。Compensationcanbeaskedforwhen________.A.passengersrefusetoboardtheplaneB。passengersmisstheirflightduetotrafficjamC.passengers'flightisdelayedatleasttwohoursD。passengersforgettostatetheirrightintheform39。WhichistheeffectivemethodtoprotectyourselfagainstZika？A。Wearinglong—sleevedshirtsonlyduringtheflight。B。ProtectingthemosquitoswiththediseaseC.Avoidingthesmellofmosquitorepellant.D.Settingamosquitonetbeforegoingtosleep。【答案】36。B37.C38.C39。D【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了UnitedAirlines向乘客公布的重要旅行通知。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据TravelandtheZikavirus中的CustomersadvisedtoavoidtheaffectedregionsbasedonCDCguidancemaychangetheirdestinationortraveldatewithoutafeeormaychoosetoreceivearefundiftheirticketswerebookedbeforeFebruary28，2019。可知，根据疾病控制和预防中心的指导建议避开受影响地区的乘客，可以免费更改目的地或旅行日期,或者如果他们的机票是在2019年2月28日前预订的,可以选择退款。由此可知,如果旅客想取消二月份之前预订的航班,他们不需要支付额外的费用。故选B。【37题详解】推理判断题.根据Longerlinesatsecuritycheckpoints中的ProceduralchangesatTSAcheckpointsthroughouttheUnitedStatesmayresultinlongerlinesatsecuritycheckpoints.Pleaseplanaccordinglyandallowforextratimeattheairport.可知，全美运输安全管理局安检处程序的变化可能会导致安检处的队伍变长。请做出相应地计划并留出在机场的额外时间.由此可知，在美国，通过安全检查通常需要较长的时间。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据NoticeforflightsdepartingtheEuropeanUnion，NorwayandSwitzerland中的ifyouarenotallowedtoboardorifyourflightiscanceledordelayedforatleasttwohours,askatthecheck—incounterorboardinggatefortheform,statingyourrights,particularlyaboutcompensationandassistance.可知，如果你不被允许登机，或者你的航班被取消或延误了至少两个小时,向登记柜台或登机门索要表格，说明你的权利，特别是关于赔偿和帮助的权利.由此可知，当乘客的航班延误至少两小时时，可以要求赔偿。故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据Howtoprotectyourself中的TheCDCrecommendsvisitorstoareaswithZikawearlong-sleevedclothing，applymosquitorepellant，anduseamosquitonetatnight.可知,美国疾病控制与预防中心建议前往寨卡疫区的游客穿长袖服装,使用驱蚊剂，夜间使用蚊帐。结合选项可知，D项Settingamosquitonetbeforegoingtosleep.（睡觉前搭一个蚊帐）与原文相符。故选D。BDianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21—year—oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income，scholarships，andamodestamountofborrowing.Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart."Ihavetwokidsincollege，andIwanttosaycomehome。'butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,"saysJacobs.TheJacobsfamily，didworkoutasolution：Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhis'borrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan(贷款）program。Theywilleachgraduatewith$20，000ofdebt,butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.Withunemploymentrising，financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearfrommorefamiliesliketheJacobses。Morestudentsareapplyingforaid，andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans。Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround.Atthesametime,tuition（学费)continuestorise。AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439％from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust147％。Studentborrowinghasmorethandoubledinthelastdecade。"Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon'thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation，”saysPatrickM。Calan,presidentofthecenter."Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt。Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.”Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem。Thegoodnews，however，isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing，andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted。40。AccordingtoParagraph1。whydidtheplanoftheJacobsfamilyfail？A。Thetwinswastedtoomuchmoney。 B。Thefatherwasoutofwork.C。Theirsavingranout。 D。Thefamilyfellapart.41。HowdidtheJacobsesmanagetosolvetheirproblem？A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome。B.Theyborrowed＄20,000fromtheschools。C。Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart—timejobs。D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolsandthefederalgovernment。42。Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat________。A。morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB。thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaintC.collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD.America’sunemploymentwillfall43.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromtheytext？A。Theyblamedthegovernmentforthetuitionincrease。B。Theirincomeincreasedsteadyinthelastdecade.C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege.D。Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years.44。Accordingtothelastparagraphthegovernmentwill________。A.providemoststudentswithscholarshipsB。dismisssomefinancialaidadministratorsC。stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD。goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents【答案】40。B41。D42。A43。C44。D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了政府努力为大学生学费提供贷款。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21—year-oldtwinsons:acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships，andamodestamountofborrowing。Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart。可知，双胞胎儿子在上大学要交学费,丈夫失业,家庭陷入困境。故选B。【41题详解】细节理解题.根据文章第三段Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan（贷款）program.其解决方案是向学校和联邦政府索求更多的援助,每个儿子增加贷款到最大额度。故选D.【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Withunemploymentrising，financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearfrommorefamiliesliketheJacobses.可知，更多的家庭将面临与Jacobs一家同样的问题。故选A。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt。Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt。可知，中产阶级家庭不惜一切代价送孩子上大学。故选C。【44题详解】推理判断题.根据文章最后一段andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.可知,政府表示,资金将不受干扰地流动。从而可以推断出，政府继续为大学生提供经济支持.故选D。C“InonlysixdaysIlostsevenpoundsofweight.”“Twofullinchesinthefirstthreedays!"Thesearethekindsofstatementsusedinmagazine，newspaper，radioandtelevisionads,promisingnewshapesandnewlookstothosewhobuythemedicineorthedevice.Thepromotersofproductssaytheycanshapethelegs，slimtheface,smoothwrinkles，orinsomeotherwaytoaddtobeautyordesirability.Oftensuchproductsarenothingmorethanmoney-makingthingsfortheirpromoters.Theresultstheyproducearequestionable,andsomearedangeroustohealth。Tounderstandhowtheseproductscanbelegallypromotedtothepublic，itisnecessarytounderstandsomethingofthelawscoveringtheirregulation.Iftheproductisadrug,FDA（FoodandDrugAdministration)canrequireproofundertheFood,Drug,andCosmeticActthatissafeandeffectivebeforeitisputonthemarket.Butiftheproductisadevice,FDAhasnoauthoritytorequirepremarketingproofofsafetyoreffectiveness。Ifaproductalreadyonthemarketisadangertohealth,FDAcanrequesttheproducerordistributortoremoveitfromthemarketvoluntarily,oritcantakelegalaction,includingseizure(查封）oftheproduct。OnenotablecaseafewyearsagoinvolvedanelectricaldevicecalledtheRelaxacisor,whichhadbeensoldforreducingthewaistline.TheRelaxacisorproducedelectricalshockstothebodythroughcontactpads。FDAtooklegalactionagainstthedistributortostopthesaleofthedeviceonthegroundsthatitwasdangeroustohealthandlife。Obviously,mostofthedevicesonthemarkethaveneverbeenthesubjectofcourtproceedings(法律诉讼），andnewdevicesappearcontinually.Beforebuying，itisuptotheconsumertojudgethesafetyoreffectivenessofsuchitems.45。Itcanbeinferredthattheadsmentionedinthetextare。。A.objective B.costly C.unreliable D。illegal46。WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext？A.Thecourtisinchargeofremovingdangerousproducts。B。Newproductsaremorelikelytobequestionable。C.TheproductionofadevicemustbeapprovedbyFDA.D。Thepromotersusuallyjustcareaboutprofits.47。FDAcanaskfortheproofofsafetyandeffectivenessofaproductA.ifitisadrugB。ifitisadeviceCifitsconsumersmakecomplaintsD。ifitsdistributorschallengeFDA’sauthority48.TheRelaxacisorismentionedas.A.aproductwhichwasdesignedtoproduceelectricityB。aproductwhosedistributorwasinvolvedinalegalcaseC.asuccessfuladvertisementofabeautyproductD.anexampleofaqualitybeautyproduct49。TheauthorintendstoA.makeconsumersawareofthepromoters'falsepromisesB.showtheweaknessofthelawonproductsafetyC.giveadviceonhowtokeepyoungandbeautifulD.introducetheorganizationofFDA【答案】45.C46.D47.A48.B49。A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是一些不切实际的广告宣传，目的都是为了赚钱，提醒读者要意识都广告的虚假承诺【45题详解】推理判断题,根据第四段Oftensuchproductsarenothingmorethanmoney-—makingthingsfortheirpromoter.Theresultstheyproducearequestionable，andsomearedangeroustohealth可知，通常这些产品只不过是为他们的推广者赚钱而已。它们产生的结果值得怀疑，有些对健康有害.由此判断出这些广告都是不可靠的。故选C项.【46题详解】细节理解题,根据第四段Oftensuchproductsarenothingmorethanmoney——makingthingsfortheirpromoter可知，通常这些产品只不过是为他们的推广者赚钱而已。所以推销员只在乎他们的利润.故选D项。【47题详解】细节理解题，根据第五段Iftheproductisadrug，FDA(FoodDrugAdministration）canrequireproof（证明）undertheFood,Drug,andCosmeticActthatissafeandeffectivebeforeitisputonthemarket可知,如果该产品是一种药物，FDA（食品药品监督管理局)可以要求根据《食品、药物和化妆品法》(Food,drug，andCosmeticAct)在投放市场前提供安全有效的证明.故选A项。【48题详解】细节理解题，根据倒数第二段OnenotablecaseafewyearsagoinvolvedanelectricaldevicecalledtheRelaxacisor可知，几年前的一个著名案例涉及一种叫做Relaxacisor的电子设备。所以Relaxacisor是经销商卷入法律案件的产品。故选B项。【49题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第四段根据第四段Oftensuchproductsarenothingmorethanmoney——makingthingsfortheirpromoter。Theresultstheyproducearequestionable,andsomearedangeroustohealth可知,通常这些产品只不过是为他们的推广者赚钱而已。它们产生的结果值得怀疑，有些对健康有害。和最后一段Beforebuying,itisuptotheconsumertojudgethesafetyoreffectivenessofsuchitems在购买之前，要由消费者来判断这些物品的安全性或有效性..文章讲述的是一些不切实际的广告宣传，目的都是为了赚钱,提醒读者要意识都广告的虚假承诺。故选A项。DAddictionisatermthatwehearallthetimebutit’sasurprisinglytrickyconcepttopindown。Orally，wemightsaythingslike：“Oh，IdownloadedthisnewgameonmyphoneandI'mtotallyaddictedtoit.”Butfromaclinicalperspective，wethinkofaddictionasoccurringwhensomeonehasfoundthattheirlifewhetherit’s’theirrelationshipswithfriendsorfamily，theirabilitytoperformtheirjobs，orsomethingelsehasbeenknockedoff—kilter(冲昏头脑)bydesiretoperformbehavior。ProfRobertWest,editor—in—chiefofthejournalAddiction,definesaddiction“apsychologicalconditionthatinvolvesrepeatedpowerfulmotivationtoengageinabehaviorthat’slearntthroughexperience，andthathaseitheractualorpotentialharmfulconsequences"。Underthisdefinition,itispossibletobeaddictedtoanything—notjustsubstances-ifitturnsfromawantforittoaneedforit，anditputsapersonatriskofharm.In2008，Bowden-JonessetuptheNationalProblemGamblingClinic.Todate，thisistheonlyNHS—fundedtreatmentcenterforpeoplewithproblemgambling（赌博）。Despiteseeingsomeofthemostseverecasesofgamblingaddictioninthecountryinherclinic,sheiskeentopointoutthatthescaleoftheproblemmightnotbeasextremeassomewouldthink.Despitelotsofpeoplegamblingandthepervasive(遍布的）natureofgamblingadvertising，problemgamblersmakeuplessthanonepercentofthepopulation.Yetshewonderswhetherthereissomethingabouthowmoderntechnologyhasbecomeincreasinglyrisky.“Themoreyouhaveavailability,themoreyouuncovervulnerability，"shesays。Andthere'sconcernamongresearchersfromseveraldifferentcountriesthatonlinegamesandappsaretakinginspirationfromgamblingtokeeppeopleplaying，andpaying。Theseincludewhatareknownas“lootboxes”。Theseareprizes,paidforwithrealmoney，wherethecontentsarenotknownuntilthey’repurchased。Recentresearchhassuggestedpurchaseoftheseprizesislinkedtohigherlevelsofproblematicgamblingbehavior。HoweverBowden—Jonespointsoutthattechnologicaladvanceshavealsoimprovedsupportforsomepeoplewithproblematicgambling。Softwarenowexiststoblockgambling—relatedwebsitesacrosspeople’sdevices.Bankingappscanallowapersontodisableanyabilitytospendmoneyongambling,cautiously，byjusttoggling(切换）aswitch.Shebelievesthatthisisabigstepforward—historicallypeoplewereencouragedtohandtheirfinancestotheirpartners。Thiscanputpressureonrelationshipsandthereisstrongevidencetoshowitcanincreasedomesticviolence.It’shardtotelladdictionisontheincrease,partlybecauseasyettherearen’tstandardizedmeasuresbywhichtoassessthingslikeproblematicgaming，andlarge-scalesurveyshavenotbeendone。Butjustbecause