第二章+动词及时态课件 高考英语复习

第二章动法及时态动词1.动词时态语态语气情态动词非谓语动词1.1时态和语态一般现在时和一般过去时

基本形式

时态主动被动一般现在时动词原形或单三am/is/are+V-ed一般过去时V-ed(过去式)was/were+V-ed一般将来时

进行时

完成时

完成进行时

begoingto+动词原形；beaboutto+动词原形；beto+动词原形；情态动词+动词原形；情态动词+have+V-ed常考的一些结构：was/weredoingsthwhensb.did…正做着某事这时…haddonesthwhensb.did…刚做完某事这时…was/wereabouttodosthwhensb.did…正要做某事这时…was/wereonthepointofdoingsthwhensb.did…Itis/hasbeen+一段时间sincesb.did…Itwas+一段时间sincesbhaddone…Itis/willbethefirst/second/third…time(that)sbhave/hasdone…Itwasthefirst/second/third…time(that)sbhaddone…Itwillbe+一段时间beforesb.do/does…Ithadbeen/was+一段时间beforesb.did…Sb.have/hasdone…bynowSb.willhavedone…by+将来时间Sb.haddone…by+过去时间Sb.haddone…bythetimesb.did…Sb.willhavedone…bythetimesb.do/does…真题练习：(2010)1.Thecostofthisbuilding______tobeoveramillion.A.estimatesB.isestimatedC.hasestimatedD.havingbeenestimated(2011)2.HeaskedmeifI______thefilm.A.EnjoyB.enjoysC.enjoyedD.hadenjoyed(2011)3.Hisworkshavealready______intomanyotherlanguages.A.translatedB.beingtranslatedC.beentranslatedD.hadtranslated(2012)4.ThebookentitledWhoMovedMyCheese______intomanylanguagessofar.A.wastranslatedB.istranslatedC.hasbeentranslatedD.hadbeentranslated(2013)5.We’llgetinallthewheatbeforethesun______.A.willsetB.wassetC.setD.sets

真题练习：(2014)6.Nearlyaweekpassedbeforethegirlwasabletoexplainwhat______toher.A.happenB.happenedC.hadhappenedD.wouldhappen(2014)7.Themoon______roundtheearth.A.moveB.movesC.movedD.willmove(2015)8.Eachstudent______intheexamination.A.hasfailedB.havefailedC.hasbeenfailedD.havebeenfailed(2015)9.Mybrotherisanactor.He______inseveralfilmssofar.A.appearsB.appearedC.hasappearedD.isappearing(2016)10.ThisisthebestnovelthatI______inthisfield.A.havereadB.hasreadC.readD.reads(2016)11.Inthelastfewyears,thousandsoffilms______allovertheworld.A.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced

真题练习：(2017)12.Ifeelsoexcited!Atthistimetomorrowmorning,I______toShanghai.A.willbeflyingB.willflyC.havebeenflyingD.haveflown(2017)13.Don’tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow______laterinlife.A.willberepaidB.wasbeingrepaidC.hasbeenrepaidD.wasrepaid(2018)14.Don’tworry.Let’sjustwait.He______inanhour.A.returnB.returnsC.willreturnD.hasreturned(2018)15.Hetoldmethathe______acoldforthreedays.A.hadhadB.hashadC.hasD.hadcaught

真题练习：(2010)1.Thecostofthisbuilding______tobeoveramillion.A.estimatesB.isestimatedC.hasestimatedD.havingbeenestimated(2011)2.HeaskedmeifI______thefilm.A.EnjoyB.enjoysC.enjoyedD.hadenjoyed(2011)3.Hisworkshavealready______intomanyotherlanguages.A.translatedB.beingtranslatedC.beentranslatedD.hadtranslated(2012)4.ThebookentitledWhoMovedMyCheese______intomanylanguagessofar.A.wastranslatedB.istranslatedC.hasbeentranslatedD.hadbeentranslated(2013)5.We’llgetinallthewheatbeforethesun______.A.willsetB.wassetC.setD.sets

BDCCD真题练习：(2014)6.Nearlyaweekpassedbeforethegirlwasabletoexplainwhat______toher.A.happenB.happenedC.hadhappenedD.wouldhappen(2014)7.Themoon______roundtheearth.A.moveB.movesC.movedD.willmove(2015)8.Eachstudent______intheexamination.A.hasfailedB.havefailedC.hasbeenfailedD.havebeenfailed(2015)9.Mybrotherisanactor.He______inseveralfilmssofar.A.appearsB.appearedC.hasappearedD.isappearing(2016)10.ThisisthebestnovelthatI______inthisfield.A.havereadB.hasreadC.readD.reads(2016)11.Inthelastfewyears,thousandsoffilms______allovertheworld.A.haveproducedB.havebeenproducedC.areproducingD.arebeingproduced

CBACAB真题练习：(2017)12.Ifeelsoexcited!Atthistimetomorrowmorning,I______toShanghai.A.willbeflyingB.willflyC.havebeenflyingD.haveflown(2017)13.Don’tworry.Thehardworkthatyoudonow______laterinlife.A.willberepaidB.wasbeingrepaidC.hasbeenrepaidD.wasrepaid(2018)14.Don’tworry.Let’sjustwait.He______inanhour.A.returnB.returnsC.willreturnD.hasreturned(2018)15.Hetoldmethathe______acoldforthreedays.A.hadhadB.hashadC.hasD.hadcatch

AACA1.2语气陈述语气(用来陈述事实或可能发生的事)；祈使语气(用来表示请求，命令，警告，威胁及叮嘱等)；虚拟语气

(用来表示主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实或与事实相反)。

非真实条件句

(注意：从句中动词be的过去式通常用were；主句中的would可以替换成should,could,might来表达不同的意思。)

从句主句与现在事实相反Did(一般过去时)Be(were)Woulddo(would/should…+V)与过去事实相反haddone(过去完成时)wouldhavedone与将来事实相反Did(一般过去时)weretodoshoulddowoulddo倒装结构：当从句中有were,should,had这三个助动词时，可以把should,hadwere放在主语前，同时把if去掉。WereIrich(=IfIwererich),Iwouldn’tworkatall.If

it

shouldrain

tomorrow,

the

sports

meeting

would

be

put

off.Shoulditrain

tomorrow,

the

sports

meeting

would

be

put

off.Wereittorain

tomorrow,

the

sports

meeting

would

be

put

off.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,

the

sports

meeting

would

be

put

off.含蓄条件句：有些句子中含有这些短语（with,without,butfor,butthat,otherwise/or/orelse），这些短语或副词意义上相当于一个与某时间事实相反的条件状语从句，那么含有这些短语或副词的句子被称为含蓄条件句。Butforthestorm,weshouldhavehadapleasantjourney.=Ifithadnotbeenforthestorm,weshouldhavehadapleasantjourney.(2017)17.Withoutyourhelp,we______somuch.A.won’tachieveB.didn’tachieveC.don’tachieveD.wouldn’thaveachievedD错综时间条件句(混合虚拟语气)：当从句和主句分别与不同时间的事实相反，那么从句和主句应该分别选用合适的谓语形式。IfIwereyou,Iwouldn’thavemissedthefilmlastnight.虚拟语气在其他结构中的应用表示“命令、建议、要求”等的动词如suggest,order,insist等，其后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用(should)+动词原形Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.wish(that)…用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反,用would+动词原形表示与将来事实相反。IwishIweretenyearsyounger.但愿我年轻10岁。Shewishesshehadn’tsaidthat.她但愿她没说过那样的话。Wouldrather后的宾语从句中，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。Iwouldratherthatyoucametomorrow.Iwouldratherthatyouhadn’ttoldhim.Itis(high,about)time(that)…后面谓语动词用一般过去时或should+动词原形（should不可省略）。Itishightimethatwewereoff.Itishightimethatyoushouldgotoschool.asif/though用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反,用would+动词原形表示与将来事实相反。Shecriesandscreamsasifshewereoutofhersenses.她又哭又叫好像发疯了。Icanrememberitasthoughithappenedyesterday.我还记忆犹新，仿佛事情发生在昨天。Ifonly…句子多用一般过去时或过去完成时IfonlyIhadmoretimetothinkaboutit.我要是有更多的时间思考这个问题就好了。Ifonlyhehadtoldmethetruthmonthsago.他几个月之前就把真相告诉我就好了。真题练习：(2011)1.IwishI______totheplaywithyoulastSunday.A.didgoB.wentC.hadgoneD.havegone(2015)2.IfonlyI______adoctor.A.wasB.wereC.isD.am(2017)3.Theprofessoractsasifhe______akingofagreatkingdom.A.isB.wasC.wereD.hadbeen(2020)4.IfonlyI______whatyouwanted!A.knownB.knowC.hadknownD.haveknown

CBCC1.3情态动词can/could可以；能够；可能。Could是can的过去式,但有时却不表示过去的意思,看说话时的情况和上下文定。（1）表示“能力”、“许可”、“可能性”。Icanrideabike. Youcangonow.Canthisbetrue?HesaidIcouldusethisboat.（2）Could可以用来委婉客气地提出请求或问题，这时它不表示过去，而表示目前的情况。Couldyoulendmeyourthermos?can’t/cannever...too...=can’t/cannever......enough再...也不为过(2015)1.Whencrossingthestreet,youcannotbe______careful.A.soB.veryC.muchD.too

may/might可以；可能may/mightwell很有可能may/mightaswell不妨must必须；一定haveto不得不Must与haveto很相近，但含义并不完全相同。must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而haveto却强调客观需要。Haveto比must有较多的时态形式。Must前不能情态动词或助动词，但haveto前还可以有助动词，如willhaveto。should/shouldn’t应该/不应该=oughtto/oughtn’ttohadbetter/hadbetternot最好/最好不

need需要；dare敢；shall可以；务必；一定；will可以；愿意；would可以；愿意；过去常常must/may/might/couldn’t/can’t+动词原形对现在事实推测must/may/might/couldn’t/can’thave+过去分词对过去事实推测couldhavedone本能够should/shouldn’thavedone本（不）应该oughtto/oughtn’ttohavedone本（不）应该mighthavedone本可能wouldhavedone本来要Needn’thavedone本不必

may/might与can/could的区别must的特殊含义情态动词的提问与否定回答：Can…..?No,…can’t.May….?No,…mustn’t.Must…?No,…needn’t.肯定回答Need….?Yes,…must./No,…needn’t.真题练习(2011)1.Sheaskedhimif_______marryher.A.hecanB.canheC.hewouldD.wouldhe(2011)2.Doyouthink______invitetheBrowns?A.weshouldB.shouldweC.weoughtD.oughtwe(2012)3.You______allthosecalculations!Wehaveacomputertodothatsortofthing.A.shouldn’thavedoneB.needn’thavedoneC.can’thavedoneD.mustn’thavedone(2013)4.Thecomposition______anymore.A.neednottobecorrectedB.doesn’tneedbecorrectedC.neednotcorrectD.doesn’tneedtobecorrectedCABD真题练习(2014)5.--Mustwesendinourhomeworkthisweek?--No,______.A.youmustn’tB.youcan’tC.youdon’thaveD.youneedn’t(2016)6.Sincenobodygavehimanyhelp,he______havedonetheresearchonhisown.A.canB.mustC.wouldD.need(2017)7.Whatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he______better.A.mighthavedoneB.musthavedoneC.needn’thavedoneD.couldn’thavedone(2018)8.Lucydidn’tcometoschooltoday.Ithinkshe______beill.A.canB.mustC.shallD.shouldDBAB真题练习(2019)9.AsIhavenothingtodonow,I______aswellgotothecinemawithyou.A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.might(2020)10.Thecustomers____leavetipsiftheserviceispoor.A.don’thavetoB.mustn’tC.don’tD.can’t

DA1.4非谓语动词动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词、分词。这三种非谓语动词的共同特点就是它们在句中不单独作谓语。不定式：

一般式：todo进行式：tobedoing(表示正在进行)完成式：tohavedone

(表示发生在谓语动词之前，即：表示过去)

完成进行时：tohavebeendoing

(表示过去开始并延续至谓语动词的时间)被动式：tobedone

(表示被动)

完成被动式：tohavebeendone

(表示过去和被动)复合结构：forsbtodo否定式：nottodo/nottohavedone动名词或现在分词：

(2016)1.Theywouldregretfor______avotetoamanofvision.A.notgivingB.givingnotC.havingnotgivenD.nottogive(2017)2.Tonywasveryunhappyfor______totheparty.A.havingnotbeeninvitedB.nothavinginvitedC.havingnotinvitedD.nothavingbeeninvited一般式：doing完成式：havingdone(表示过去)被动式：beingdone(表示被动或正在进行的被动)完成被动式：havingbeendone(表示过去和被动)复合结构：sb/sb’sdoing否定式：notdoing/nothavingdoneAD作主语：常用it作形式主语Itis+表语+todosth/doingsthItis+表语+forsb.todosth.”和“Itis+表语+ofsb.todosth.”前者表语需是描述事物属性的形容词，而后者表语需是描述人的性格特征的形容词动名词还可以在therebe句型中作主语，常用于“Thereisno+V-ing”中，意为“不可能…”。

作宾语：宾语分为动词宾语和介词宾语，就非谓语动词作动词宾语而言，需牢记四类动词：只能跟不定式(todo)作宾语的动词：decide,determine,learn,want,expect,hope,wish,refuse,manage,care,pretend,offer,promise,choose,plan,agree,ask,help,afford,strive,happen,wait,threaten。只能跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词：consider,suggest,advise,excuse,pardon,admit,delay,putoff,fancy,avoid,miss,keep,practice,deny,finish,enjoy,appreciate,forbid,imagine,risk,mind,allow,permit,escape,postpone,bebusy(in),spend...(in),havetrouble/difficulty/problems(in),havefun,haveahardtime,objectto,bedevotedto,leadto,beusedto,beaccustomedto,beaddictedto,lookforwardto等