2023年研究生入学考试英语二历年高频考题带答案难题附详解

2023年研究生入学考试英语二历年高频考题带答案难题附详解（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.历年考点试题黑钻版(共25题)1.Directions:

SupposeyouhavereadapieceofinformationontheInternetaboutrecruitingEnglisheditors.Writealettertothecompany'sPersonnelDepartmentto

1)showyourinterest,

2)describeyourself,and

3)explainwhyyouwouldbesuitableforthejob.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.2.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)describethechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayontheANSWERSHEET.

3.Bytheyear2100,globaltemperaturesareexpectedtorisebybetween0.8and3.5degreeCelsius.Thatmaynotseemlikemuch,butsuchanincreaseintemperaturewouldcauseariseinsealevelslargeenoughtoputthelivesofupto100millionpeopleatrisk.

Forthefirsttimeinthescientificcommunity,thereistotalagreementthattheactivityofhumansisatleastpartlyresponsiblefortheproblem—specificallytheemissionofgreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxide,whichisreleasedbytheburningofwood,coalandpetroleumproducts.ReducingharmfulemissionisjustoneareainwhichtheUnitedNationsIntergovernmentalPanelisdecidedlyoptimistic.Intheshorttermitmightnotprovethatdifficult.Efficiencyimprovementsalonecouldcutenergyneedsbyasmuchas30percentatvirtuallynoextracostand,indevelopedcountries,emissionreductionsofupto60percent"aretechnicallyfeasible".Inthelongerterm,harmfulemissionswillbereducedastheworldchangesovertocheaper,lessenvironmentallydamagingenergysources.4.Forsomepeopletherearetwoimportantnumberswhenitcomestobuyingacar:thepriceandthemilesitdoespergallon.Propertyisnodifferent.Acheaperhousepricewillsaveyoumoneyatthetimeofyourpurchase,andahighenergy-efficiencyrating(EER)willsaveyoucashoneachmonth'senergybill.Oneproblemwiththelatteristhattherearefartoomanyfactorsineachpropertytoproduceasinglerating.

Thekeytoresolvingthisistocombinethetwosystemsmostwidelyinuse,dependingonthestageofthebuilding.Theoperational-ratingsystemisbestforabuildingalreadyoccupiedbecauseitmeasureshowthepropertyisfaring(过活，产生费用).Theassetratinglooksattheenergysystemsinabuildingandpredictshowefficientitcouldbe.Itisusedfornewbuildings,becauseitshowsabuyertheabsolutebestitwillbeenergy-wiseifitisrunmostefficiently.5.Directions:

SupposeyouhavereadapieceofinformationontheInternetaboutrecruitingEnglisheditors.Writealettertothecompany'sPersonnelDepartmentto

1)showyourinterest,

2)describeyourself,and

3)explainwhyyouwouldbesuitableforthejob.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.6.Directions:

YouhavejustcomebackfromCanadaandfoundamusicCDinyourluggagethatyouforgottoreturntoBob,yourlandlordthere.Writehimaletterto

1)makeanapology,and

2)suggestasolution.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.7.TheA-listwascreatedbyJamesUlmer,anentertainmentjournalist.Ulmercreatedthe"UlmerScale"todeterminebankablestars,actorswhoguaranteethesuccessofamoviesimplybyappearinginit.In2002,forexample,theUlmerScaleassessedactorTomCruiseat100pointsandthebudgetforhismovieMinorityReportwas$102million.Accordingtothescale,themovieshouldhavemade100%(Cruise=100points)or$102millionsimplybecauseTomCruisewasinthemovie.Inactualfact,themoviemadeover$300mworldwide.OtherbankablestarsthatyearwereTomHanksandJuliaRoberts.In2005,TomCruiseandTomHanksstilltoppedthelistwhileJuliaRobertsandNicoleKidmanweretheonlywomenintheTopTen.

Celebrityandfamearedirectlyrelatedtothemassmediathatreportonparticularindividuals.Thus,somecelebritiesarefamousworldwide(forexample,BradPittandMadonna)whileothersareonlyfamouswithintheircountryorregion.SomeexamplesofsuchfamouspeopleintheirowncountriesincludeJapanesemusicianAyumiHamasaki,KoreanactressHyunKyungOh,ThaientertainerBirdThongchaiMcintyre,andChineseastronautsYangLiwei,FeiJunlongandNieHaisheng.Celebritiescanincludenotonlymoviestarsandtelevisionactors,butalsopoliticians,televisionreportersandgameshowhosts,models,astronauts,athletes,andmusicians.8.Directions:

Supposeyourunclehasjustbeenpromotedtoamanager.Writealetterto

1)congratulatehim,and

2)expressyourbestwishes.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.9.Directions:

Insomecountriestheaverageworkerisobligedtoretireattheageof60to65.Somepeopleagreewiththispractice,whileothersdonot.Whatdoyouthink?

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsinyouressay.10.Directions:

SupposeyouareapplyingforaninternpositioninanITcompanyfornextterm.You'rewritinganemail,sendingyourresume(CV)tothiscompany.Writeacoverletterforyouremailto

1)introduceyouradvantagesandskillsbriefly,and

2)stateyourdeterminationtogetthejob.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.11.Directions:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Inyourwritingyoushould

1)describethetable,and

2)giveyourcomments

Youshouldwriteabout150words.

WriteyouressayontheANSWERSHEET.

12.Afifthgradergetsahomeworkassignmenttoselecthisfuturecareerpathfromalistofoccupations.Heticks"astronaut"butquicklyadds"scientist"tothelistandselectsitaswell.Theboyisconvincedthatifhereadsenough,hecanexploreasmanycareerpathsashelikes.Andsohereads—everythingfromencyclopediastosciencefictionnovels.Hereadssopassionatelythathisparentshavetoinstitutea"noreadingpolicy"atthedinnertable.

ThatboywasBillGates,andhehasn'tstoppedreadingyet—notevenafterbecomingoneofthemostsuccessfulpeopleontheplanet.Nowadays,hisreadingmaterialhaschangedfromsciencefictionandreferencebooks:recently,herevealedthathereadsatleast50nonfictionbooksayear.Gateschoosesnonfictiontitlebecausetheyexplainhowtheworldworks."Eachbookopensupnewavenuesofknowledge,"Gatessays.13.Icanpickadatefromthepast53yearsandknowinstantlywhereIwas,whathappenedinthenewsandeventhedayoftheweek.I'vebeenabletodothissinceIwasfour.

Ineverfeeloverwhelmedwiththeamountofinformationmybrainabsorbs.Mymindseemstobeabletocopeandtheinformationisstoredawayneatly.WhenIthinkofasadmemory,Idowhateverybodydoest—trytoputittooneside.Idon'tthinkit'sharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.Powerfulmemorydoesn'tmakemyemotionsanymoreacuteorvivid.IcanrecallthedaymygrandfatherdiedandthesadnessIfeltwhenwewenttothehospitalthedaybefore.IalsorememberthatthemusicalHairopenedonBroadwayonthesameday—theybothjustpopintomymindinthesameway.14.Directions:

Supposeyouhaveboughtalaptopfromanonlinestoreandfoundsomethingiswrong.Writethestoreanemailto

1)makecomplaintsabouttheproblems,and

2)askthestoretosolvetheproblems.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.15.Whatnewsdopeoplesee?Whatdotheybelievetobetrueabouttheworldaroundthem?Whatdotheydowiththatinformationascitizens?Facebook,Google,andothergianttechnologycompanieshavesignificantcontrolovertheanswerstothosequestions.It'snoexaggerationtosaythattheirdecisionsshapehowbillionsseetheworldand,inthelongrun,willaffectthehealthofgoverninginstitutionsaroundtheworld.

That'saheftyresponsibility,butonethatmanytechcompaniessaytheywanttouphold.Forexample,inanopenletter,Facebook'sfounderandCEOMarkZuckerbergwrotethatthecompany'snextfocuswouldbe"developingthesocialinfrastructureforcommunity—forsupportingus,forkeepingussafe,forinformingus,forcivicengagement,andforinclusionofall."16.Thinkaboutdrivingaroutethat'sveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetowork,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsit'seasytoloseconcentrationonthedrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconsequenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastakenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.

Thisisthewell-travelledroadeffect.Peopletendtounderestimatethetimeittakestotravelafamiliarroute.

Theeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldownawell-knownroute,becausewedon'thavetoconcentratemuch,timeseemstoflowmorequickly.Andafterward,whenwecometothinkbackonit,wecan'trememberthejourneywellbecausewedidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.Soweassumeitwasshorter.17.Directions:

Supposeyouarethesalesmanagerinabigjointventure.You'rewritingalettertothechiefdirectorto

1)recommendoneofyourcollegeclassmatesforavacancyinthecompany,and

2)providesomerelevantinformationabouthim.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.18.KaraokeisaverypopularformofentertainmentinAsia.KaraokewasfirstmadepopularbyDaisukeInoueinKobe,Japan,in1971.Bythe1980s,therewasavastarrayofkaraokeproductsonthemarketinAsia.Thevideogame,KaraokeRevolution,wasreleasedintheyearof2003.Inthisgame,playerscouldreceiveascorebasedontheirsingingperformance.Karaokeservicesthenbecameavailablethroughmobilephones,anduserscouldalsoplaykaraokesongsusingsoftwareontheirpersonalcomputers.WebsitesstartedpoppingupallovertheInternet,creatingaglobalkaraokecommunity.Onthesesites,singerscanrecordandevenvideothemselvesperforming.Evensomecarmanufacturersjumpedonthekaraokebandwagonandhadkaraokeplayersinstalledaspartofacar'sDVDplayer.ThereareevenVCDsavailablenowforChineseoperakaraoke,sothattheelderlycanhavefunsingingsongsofthepast.19.Climatechangeisthegreatestchallengefacinghumanity:drasticreductionofcarbonemissionsisvitalifwearetoavoidacatastrophethatdevastateslargepartsoftheworld.Governmentsandbusinesseshavebeenslowtoactandindividualsnowneedtotakethelead.

TheEarthcanabsorbnomorethan3tonsofcarbondioxideemissionseachyearforeverypersonontheplanetifwearetokeeptemperatureandrainfallchangewithintolerablelimits.Yetfromcarsandholidayflightstohouseholdappliancesandthefoodonourplates,Westernconsumerlifestylesleaveeachofusresponsibleforover12tonesofcarbondioxideayear—fourtimeswhattheEarthcanhandle.

Individualactionisessentialifwewanttoavoidclimatechaos.HowtoLiveaLow-CarbonLifeshowshoweasyitistotakeresponsibility,providingthefirstcomprehensive,one-stopreferenceguidetocalculatingyourCO:emissionsandreducingthemtoasustainable3tonsayear.20.Directions:

Youarethepresidentofacompany.WriteamemotoPercyShelley,thevicepresidentontheemployee'strainingoncomputer:

1)theneedtotraintheemployees,

2)detailedinformation,and

3)askhimtowriteaplan.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyournameinthememo.Use"LiMing"instead.21.Directions:

Supposeyouhavefoundapieceofrecruitmentinformationandareapplyingforthejobofkindergartenteacher.Writethekindergartenane-mailto

1)makeanapplicationfortheworkwithyourreason(s),and

2)tellthekindergartenaboutyourspecial(s).

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.22.Intelligencequotients(IQs)testingiscontroversialandregardedbysomeasacrudeindicatorofabilityorpotential.Whencomparingnations,measuredaverageIQtendstobeaffectedbyclass,nutrition,andculturalfactorsincludingeducation.Thereisalsodisagreementovertheinfluencesofnatureandnurture.

IQshaverisenindevelopednationsforalmostacentury.ButinBritain,researchhasfoundareversalofthistrend.Theaveragehaddeclinedbytwopointsonaverage,butbyasmuchassixpointsamongteenagersinthetophalfoftheIQscale,afallthatwipedouttheprevioustwodecadesofgainsinthatgroup.

NocauseforthisfallinIQshasbeenestablished:theinternet,thedumbingdownofeducation,andanobsessionwithexamresultshavebeensuggested.Flynnhasarguedthatyouthculturehasmadeacontribution.23.Afifthgradergetsahomeworkassignmenttoselecthisfuturecareerpathfromalistofoccupations.Heticks"astronaut"butquicklyadds"scientist"tothelistandselectsitaswell.Theboyisconvincedthatifhereadsenough,hecanexploreasmanycareerpathsashelikes.Andsohereads—everythingfromencyclopediastosciencefictionnovels.Hereadssopassionatelythathisparentshavetoinstitutea"noreadingpolicy"atthedinnertable.

ThatboywasBillGates,andhehasn'tstoppedreadingyet—notevenafterbecomingoneofthemostsuccessfulpeopleontheplanet.Nowadays,hisreadingmaterialhaschangedfromsciencefictionandreferencebooks:recently,herevealedthathereadsatleast50nonfictionbooksayear.Gateschoosesnonfictiontitlebecausetheyexplainhowtheworldworks."Eachbookopensupnewavenuesofknowledge,"Gatessays.24.TheOPECoilcartelissettokeepitsproductiontargetunchanged,bettingthataseasonalriseindemandasAmericansandEuropeanstaketotheircarsforsummerwillkeepoilpricesabove$100abarrel.

OPEChasalonghistoryofsurprisingthemarketwithlastminutechangesinopinion,butdelegatessaidonThursdayministershadallbutdecidedtokeepitsofficialproductionat30mbarrelsadayalevelthathasnotchangedinmorethanayearandahalf.

OPECiskeepingawatchfuleyeonsurgingUSshaleoilproduction,whichhasreducedtheimportneedsofOPEC'slargestcustomertothelowestsince1994,raisingtheprospectoflowerprices.ButdelegatesfromwestAfrica,whichhasbeenmosthitbyfallingUSimports,werenotmindedtoalterthecartel'spolicy.OilministerofAngola,said:"TheproductionisOK;thepriceisOK."25.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)describethechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

某高校学生利用互联网和图书馆进行学习的变化情况第1卷参考答案一.历年考点试题黑钻版1.参考答案：[范文]ToWhomItMayConcern,

WithreferencetoyourrecruitmentinformationontheInternetforEnglisheditor,I'mwritingthislettertoapplyfortheposition.

I'mconvincedthatIwouldbewellqualifiedforthisposition.Tobeginwith,IgraduatedfromBeijingForeignStudiesUniversitywithaBachelorDegreeinForeignLinguistics.AndIamadiligentperson,rankingamongthetopthreeinspecializedarea.Atthesametime,IhaveobtainedprofessionalcertificatesinEnglishandcomputer,whichcouldbeverypracticalandusefulformywork.

Enclosedinthisletteraremyresumeandsomerelevantdocumentsasrequired.I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yourssincerely,

LingMing[解析]求职信是书信写作类型的一种。鉴于就业形势严峻已是当前热点话题，所以写好求职信至关重要。考生在写求职信时，态度要诚恳，要将自己各方面的优势与所申请的职位紧密结合。在文章最后，考生要提及所需要的附件资料，并诚恳地期待回复。[参考译文]敬启者：

我从您在网上发布的招聘信息中了解到贵公司正在招聘英语编辑，我写这封信的目的是申请这一职位。

我确信我能很好地胜任这份工作。首先，我毕业于北京外国语大学，并获得外国语言学学士学位。我是一个勤奋好学的人，在专业领域排名前三。与此同时，我获得了英语和计算机的专业资格证书，它们对我的工作是非常实用的。

书信后附有我的简历和需要的相关文件，我期待着您的回复。

您诚挚的，

李明2.参考答案：[范文]

Thislinechartclearlydemonstratestheshiftingtrendoftheproportionofpopulationaged65andoverinJapan,SwedenandAmericafromthepastyearof1940tothefutureyearof2040.The100yearsareexpectedtowitnessasignificantincreaseofthepercentageofelderlypeople.From1940untilnow,allthesethreecountriesexperiencedarelativelysteadygrowthofthenumberofelderlypeople.Butitisanticipatedthatfromabout2030to2040,therewillbeadramaticboomintheproportionofelderlypeople.

Tomybestknowledge,avarietyoffactorsareresponsibleforthisphenomenon,aslistedbelow.Tobeginwith.theJapanesehavebettereatinghabitsandhealthylifestyle.Moreover,peopleinSwedenandAmericabenefitfromtheirhealthcareprograms.Theolderpeople,ontheotherhand,maybemoreknowledgeableaboutregimen,whichmaymakethemlivelonger.

Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthatitisaninevitabletrendthatthethreecountriesarerunningintotheagingsociety.Theeldersareestimatedtoaccountforaquarterofthepopulationintheabovementionedcountriesby2040,whichmaytriggerseveresocialandeconomicproblems.[解析]这张图表是关于日本、瑞典和美国65岁以上的人口比例从1940年至2040年这100年间的变化趋势。从中可以看到三个国家的老年人比例总体趋于上升，且该比例在未来20年里可能会继续上升。日本在2030年至2035年间65岁以上人口的数量将出现一个猛增的趋势。文章可以重点对比分析三个国家的老龄人口数量变化趋势并分析原因，得出结论。

本文的结构可以这样组织：第一段，描述图表展现的现象。第二段，分析三个国家65岁以上老人随着年代的变化所产生数量变化的原因。第三段，得出结论，预测未来老年人群体比例变化。[参考译文]这张线形图表清楚地表明了日本、瑞典和美国65岁及以上人口比例从过去的1940年到未来的2040年的变化趋势。这100年将见证老年人比例的显著增长。从1940年到现在，这三个国家都经历了老年人口数量的相对稳定的增长。但是，预计从大约2030年到2040年，老年人口的比例将会急剧上升。

在我看来，造成这种现象的因素很多，列举如下。首先，日本人有更好的饮食习惯和健康的生活方式。其次，瑞典和美国的人们从他们的医疗保健计划中受益。另一方面，年纪较大的人可能更懂得养生之道，这可能使他们活得更长久。

基于以上讨论，我们可以放心得出结论，这是三国步入老龄化社会的必然趋势。据估计，到2040年，老年人将占到上述国家人口的四分之一，这可能会引发严重的社会和经济问题。3.参考答案：到2100年，地球的温度预计将上升0.8到3.5摄氏度。这似乎不太多，但这样的升温将导致海平面大幅度上升，足以使多达一亿人的生命受到威胁。

科学界首次达成共识：人类的行为至少要对这一问题负部分责任——尤其是像二氧化碳这样的温室气体的排放，二氧化碳是由木材、煤以及石油产品的燃烧释放的。减少有害气体的排放只是联合国政府间专家小组明显感到乐观的一个方面。短期内，没有证据证实那样做有困难。只靠提高效率就能降低30%的能源需求，实际上也无需额外的花费，并且在发达国家，减少多达60%的有害气体排放“在技术上是可行的”。从长远看，随着全球转向利用那些更便宜、对环境影响更小的能源，有害气体的排放将会减少。4.参考答案：对于某些买车人来说，有两个数字非常重要：车价及每升油能跑的里程。房产也完全一样，房价便宜在购买时就能省钱，而高能效比则可以节约每月的现金。但后者的问题在于每座房产存在太多的因素，很难产生单一的能效比。

解决此问题的关键在于，根据房屋建设的阶段，把两个广泛使用的体系结合起来。操作评级系统对已经居住的建筑最适用，因为它用于衡量房产的耗费情况。资产评级系统用于观察楼房的能量系统，对其可能的能效做出预测。该评级主要应用于新建楼房，因为它可以向买主展示如果房屋得到最有效的使用，它可以达到的绝对意义上的最佳节能效应。5.参考答案：ToWhomItMayConcern,

WithreferencetoyourrecruitmentinformationontheInternetforEnglisheditor,I'mwritingthislettertoapplyfortheposition.

I'mconvincedthatIwouldbewellqualifiedforthisposition.Tobeginwith,IgraduatedfromBeijingForeignStudiesUniversitywithaBachelorDegreeinForeignLinguistics.AndIamadiligentperson,rankingamongthetopthreeinspecializedarea.Atthesametime,IhaveobtainedprofessionalcertificatesinEnglishandcomputer,whichcouldbeverypracticalandusefulformywork.

Enclosedinthisletteraremyresumeandsomerelevantdocumentsasrequired.I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yourssincerely,

LingMing[解析]求职信是书信写作类型的一种。鉴于就业形势严峻已是当前热点话题，所以写好求职信至关重要。考生在写求职信时，态度要诚恳，要将自己各方面的优势与所申请的职位紧密结合。在文章最后，考生要提及所需要的附件资料，并诚恳地期待回复。[参考译文]敬启者：

我从您在网上发布的招聘信息中了解到贵公司正在招聘英语编辑，我写这封信的目的是申请这一职位。

我确信我能很好地胜任这份工作。首先，我毕业于北京外国语大学，并获得外国语言学学士学位。我是一个勤奋好学的人，在专业领域排名前三。与此同时，我获得了英语和计算机的专业资格证书，它们对我的工作是非常实用的。

书信后附有我的简历和需要的相关文件，我期待着您的回复。

您诚挚的，

李明6.参考答案：范文DearBob,

I'mwritingtoapologizeforhavingforgottentoreturnthe"theBeatles"CDtoyouwhenIleftCanada.IwasinsuchahurrythatIpackedeverythinginmyluggagewithoutcheckingcarefully.HadIpaidmoreattentionthen,Iwouldn'thavemadesuchastupidmistake.

NowsomethingmustbedonetosolvetheproblembecauseIunderstandyoucherishtheCDenormously.Icaneithersendittoyoubyexpressmailoralternativelycompensateyouatareasonableprice.Ifyoudonotmind,ImaybringitbacktoyounexttimeIgotoCanada.

Pleaseletmeknowwhichsolutionyoupreferatyourearliestconvenience.Ireallyhopeyouwillacceptmysincereapology.

Faithfullyyours,

LiMing7.参考答案：

娱乐杂志记者詹姆斯·厄尔默创立了一个所谓的“王牌明星榜”。厄尔默把那些只要在电影里露面就能保证该电影成功的明星演员列入了该榜。比如在2002年，该榜就给汤姆·克鲁斯打了100分，并预计他主演的《少数派报告》的票房收入能达到一亿零两百万美元。据此推测，就因为有汤姆·克鲁斯主演该影片就应获得100%的满意度(汤姆·克鲁斯=100分)或者一亿零两百万美元的票房收入。而事实上，该电影在世界范围内竟突破了三亿美元的票房。同年其他榜上有名的实力派明星有汤姆·汉克斯和朱丽娅·罗伯茨。2006年汤姆·克鲁斯和汤姆·汉克斯仍高居榜首，而朱丽娅·罗伯茨和妮可·基德曼是高居榜首前十名的明星中仅有的两位女性。

名人与名气往往与专门报道某些个人的大众媒体直接相关。因此，有些名人是世界闻名的(如布拉德·皮特和麦当娜)，而有些只在自己的国家或地区小有名气，例如日本著名女歌手滨崎步、韩国女演员吴贤庆、泰国巨星飞鸟通猜以及中国的宇航员杨利伟、费俊龙、聂海胜等。名人不仅包括影视明星，也包括政治家、电视记者、娱乐节目主持人、模特、宇航员、运动员和音乐人等。8.参考答案：[范文]Tomydearuncle,

Iamwritingthislettertoexpressmydelightandsendmycongratulationsonyourpromotiontothemanager.

Inthepastfewyears,youworkedwellwithheavypressureanddevotedallyourtimeandenergytoyourwork.Iamsopleasedthatyourendeavorhasbeenrewardedinthisway.Thispromotionwillbeagoodchancetoimproveyourabilitybyalteringhowyouperceiveaproblemduringthework.Itisevidentthatyouwillhaveabrightfuturewaitingahead.

Congratulationstoyouagain!Iwishyougoodluckintheprocessofpursuingcareersuccess.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing[解析]祝贺信是书信写作类型的一种，是日常交际中一种礼仪性信件，有助于加深彼此之间的情感，所以写好祝贺信至关重要。祝贺信通常分为三段去写：首段表祝贺，第二段写出祝贺的具体内容，最后一段再表祝贺，送出祝福。[参考译文]亲爱的叔叔：

我写这封信来表达我的喜悦，并恭喜你晋升为经理。

在过去的几年里，你在沉重的压力下出色地完成工作，并把全部的时间和精力都投入到工作中。我非常高兴你的努力以这种方式得到回报。你的此次晋升可通过改变你在工作中看待问题的角度提升你的工作能力，我深信你将拥有一个光明的前途。

再次祝贺你，愿你在追求事业成功的过程中好运!

您诚挚的，

李明9.参考答案：范文

ShouldtheAverageWorkerBeObligedtoRetireattheAgeof60to65?

Onepracticeinsomecountriesistorequirethembylawtoretireattheageof60to65.However,suchpolicywillbringaboutsomeserioussocialproblems.

Thefirstreasonagainstthecompulsorypracticeisthatitrestrictspersonalchoice.Thiscompulsorypolicywouldmaketheoldfeeluselessanddepressed.Therewouldevenbeagreaterlikelihoodoftheirsufferingfromcertainmentalproblems.

Thesocialeffectsofaskingsomeseniorstoretirebylawaremorealarming.Oneofitsnegativeimpactsisastrainonthelabourmarket.Amongpeoplenearingretirementageayesomehardenedexpertsintheirvariousfields.Insomecircumstances,theroletheyplayintheirownprofessionalareascannotevenbereplaced.

Havingseniorsretirebyforcealsoimpliesasocialwelfarecostincrease.Themoreretirees,themorepensionsagovernmenthastopay.Thismayhindereconomicprogress.Worstofall,whentheburdenbecomestooheavytoshoulder,serioussocialandeconomicproblemswillarise.

Allinall,itisnotappropriateforagovernmenttoimposecompulsoryretirementontheaged.Whatitcandoistosuggestanagewhenoldpeopledeclareretirement.10.参考答案：[范文]DearSirorMadam,

I'mastudentfromXXXUniversitymajoringincomputerscience.IhavetakenseveralinternshipsintheITindustry,asisshowninmyCVattachedtothisemail.Afterfouryears'hardworkintheacademicfield,IbelieveI'mabletotakeanyentry-leveltasknowandI'vedeterminedtodevotemyselftotheITindustry.I'mwillingtoworkinanycityandIcanstartworkingrightnow.Ihopetohavethehonortomeetyouinpersonandlearnfromyourexperience.

Lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

Bestregards,

LiMing11.参考答案：Thetableabovedemonstratesclearlythatsomechangeshavetakenplacewithregardtograduates'expectedincome.Basedonthedataprovided,onecanseethattheirexpectationhasbeenonasteadydecline.Intheyearof2006,thepostgraduates'expectedsalarywasasmuchas6000RMB,whileitwentsharplydownto4500RMBin2010.Meanwhile,theundergraduates'expectedsalarybythemonthalsodroppedfrom4000to3000.

It'sofnodifficultytocomeupwithsomefactorstoaccountforthephenomenon.Tobeginwith,withtherapiddevelopmentoftheChinesehighereducation,thenumberofuniversitygraduateshasbeengrowingsignificantly.Toputitinanotherway,thejobmarkethasbeenincreasinglyfiercetheseyears.Inaddition,wemustadmitthatagoodmanygraduateshaveturneddown-to-earthandtakenarationalandobjectiveattitudetowardstheirabilityandvalue.Finally,thefactcannotbeignoredthattheyounghavecometoplacemoreemphasisonthechoiceoflifeworkinsteadofmonetaryrewardsalone.

Takingintoconsiderationwhathasbeenarguedabove,wemaysafelycometotheconclusionthatthistrendisnormalandthereforeacceptable.Accordingly,it'sofnonecessityforthepublictoregarditwithtoomuchanxiety.12.参考答案：一个五年级学生拿到一份家庭作业，要求从一份职业列表中选择将来的职业道路。他勾选了“宇航员”，但很快在表上添加了“科学家”，并将它也选上。这个男孩子相信，只要他读得够多，那么他想探索多少职业道路都可以。于是，他就这样读书——从百科全书到科幻小说，什么都看。他如饥似渴地读书，以至于他的父母不得不立下一条吃饭时“不许看书的规矩”。

那个男孩就是比尔·盖茨(BillGates)，而且，他至今依然没有停止阅读——即便他已经成为世界上成功的人士之一。如今，他阅读的材料已经不再是科幻小说和参考书：最近，他透露说自己一年至少看50本非虚构作品。盖茨之所以选择非虚构作品，是因为它们解释世界是如何运行的。盖茨说：“每本书都开辟出新的知识途径。”13.参考答案：从过去的53年中任选一个日子，我马上就能想起我那天在哪里，有什么新闻发生，甚至知道那天是星期几。我从四岁起就具备这样做的能力。

虽然我的大脑吸收大量的信息，但我却从未感到难以承受。我的头脑似乎能应付得了，这些信息都有条理地存储在那里。当我想起一段悲伤的记忆，我和大家一样，只把它存放在大脑的一边。我认为这样做对我来说不难，这只是因为我的记忆更清晰。超强记忆力并没有让我的情感更敏锐或更生动。我能回忆起祖父去世的那一天，以及前一天去医院的时候我感到有多么悲伤。我也记得音乐剧《毛发》同一天在百老汇上演——这两件事以同样的方式出现在我的脑海。[解析]1．whereIwas,whathappenedinthenews和thedayoftheweek三个成分并列，都做know的宾语。

2．overwhelm在这里的意思是affectsomebody'semotionsinacompleteorirresistibleway(以完全的或难以抵御的方式影响某人的情绪)，汉语的意思是“使不知所措，使难以承受”，这里译作“难以承受”。

3．storeaway意为“收起来，储存”。

4．Idon'tthinkit'sharderformejustbecausemymemoryisclearer.从理论上来讲，这个句子有两种理解方式，一是“我不认为这对我来说会更困难，因为我的记忆更清楚”。二是“我不认为因为我的记忆更清楚这对我来说就更闲难”。从逻辑来看，前一种理解更合理。

5．mygrandfatherdied是一个定语从句，my和day之间省略了关系副词when。

6．popinto是一个词组，指“突然进入”，popintoone'smind/head指某人突然想起某事。

7．Broadway指美国纽约百老汇，百老汇大街的一段是剧院、夜总会等集聚的地方。

8．musical指音乐剧，是musicalcomedy(音乐喜剧)的简称。14.参考答案：Towhomitmayconcern,

IamwritingtomakeacomplaintaboutthelaptopIboughtlastweek.

ThereasonformydissatisfactionisthatseveralproblemsoccurredwhenIusedit.Tobeginwith,thesystemoftenbrokedow