Unit 1 Food matters Grammar and usage 课件-2023-2024学年高中英语牛津译林版(2020)选择性必修第一册

Grammar&Usage

Grammar&Usage

-ToinfinitivesassubjectsandpredicativesB4U1Class108ChristinaChuAREVIEW动词不定式一般由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“nottodo”。动词不定式可以带宾语或状语构成动词不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。动词不定式不能单独作谓语，可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语等。如：Tofinishthetaskinaweekisveryhard.Thebigboymanagedtopasstheexam.Myworkistocleanthegardeneveryday.ShewasthefirstwomantoswimacrosstheEnglishChannel.Tellhimtocomeherethedayaftertomorrow.主宾表定补Asarealfoodie,Ienjoyallkindsoffoods.Mydreamistotrydifferentrestaurantsandtastevariousfoods.YesterdayIinvitedsomefriendstotryagreatnewrestaurantfordinner.Nothingcanstopourdeterminationtohaveatry.Wedecidedtowaitoutside.Afteranhourofwaiting,wewereinvitedtogointotherestaurantandtaketheorder.Thedishesareextremelydelicious.Itisworthwhiletohavesuchalongwait.Lead-inFindoutto-infinitivesandguesstheirfunctions.表宾主补补

用it做形式主语改写下面句子(1)TospeakEnglishwellisn'taneasyjob.

(2)Toimproveourteachingmethodisveryimportant.

(3)Totalkwithherisagreatpleasure.

(4)Tolookupeverynewwordwouldbeawasteoftime.

Itisn’taneasyjobtospeakEnglish.

Itisveryimportanttoimproveourteachingmethod.

Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithher.

Itwouldbeawasteoftimetolookupeverynewword.Step1ReadandfillStep1ReadandfillInthepast,theauthorlikedtoeat___________.The

authorwas______totrynewrestaurants.Toeatoutwasalso_____________toenhancetherelationshipwithfriends.Thentheauthorcameacross___________.Therearealotof________tochoosefrom.Itoffers__________________foruserstofollowstepbystep.Inthelastfewweek,theauthorengagedinhomecooking.Cookingathomeis_____.Theauthorcancookexactly_____hewants.Cookingathomeis______.atarestaurantacookingappeagerasocialactivityrecipesdetailedinstructionscheaperwhathealthierreasonsfunctionsbenefitsStep1ReadandfillStep1ReadandfillInthepast,theauthorlikedtoeat___________.The

authorwas______totrynewrestaurants.Toeatoutwasalso_____________toenhancetherelationshipwithfriends.Thentheauthorcameacross___________.Therearealotof________tochoosefrom.Itoffers__________________foruserstofollowstepbystep.Inthelastfewweek,theauthorengagedinhomecooking.Cookingathomeis_____.Theauthorcancookexactly_____hewants.Cookingathomeis______.atarestaurantacookingappeagerasocialactivityrecipesdetailedinstructionscheaperwhathealthierreasonsfunctionsbenefitsQ1：Inwhatorderisthetextorganized?A:Itisorganizedintheorderoftime.Q2:Canyoufindmorebenefitsaboutcookingathome？A:InthecontextofCOVID-19pandemic,cookingathomecanbeausefulskill,especiallyforyoungpeoplelivingalone.Q3:Doyouknowotherwaystoaccessrecipesonline?A:Cookingchannelsonvideowebsites.Step2ReadandlearnStep2ReadandlearnToinfinitivesassubjectsToinfinitivesaspredicativeitbeStep2ReadandlearnStep2Readandlearn①②③Q：Whatarethefunctionsofthethreeto-infinitives?A:①objectcomplement②attributives③adverbialsofpurpose1.Toeatoutwasalsoasocialactivity,allowingmetoenhancetherelationshipswithmyfriends.核心考点：(1).enhancethequalityoflife提高生活质量enhancethereputationofthecompany提高公司声誉(2).enhancedadj.提高的enhancedefficiency提高了的效率(3).enhancementn.提高softwareenhancements软件增强设备equipmentfortheenhancementofsoundquality音质提升设备佳句赏析：(1).Ithasenhancedthequalityoflife,improvingmyhealthandincreasingmyhappiness.(2).Thisisanopportunitytoenhancethereputationofthecompanybyaccdent.(3).Musicisanenhancementtothepowerofthewords.活学巧练：(1).Itisimportantformodernpeopleto__________(enhance)theirexpertize.(2).Manyfamousstarsskilledlyusemake-upto__________(enhance)theirbestfeatures.(3).The__________(enhance)ofthecomputergreatlyimprovetheefficiencyofwork.enhanceenhanceenhancement2.Inthelastfewweeks,I'vethrownmyselfintohomecooking，fromboilingnoodlesinthepottofryingsteakinthepan.核心考点：(1).throwoneselfinto投身于，热衷于(2).throwaway扔掉；浪费掉本领(3).throwlighton/uponsth.使……更易理解(4).throwoff匆匆脱掉衣服；扔掉；摆脱(5).throwout抛出；开除(6).throwup扬起；呕吐佳句赏析：(1).Shethrewherselfintovoluntaryaffairs.(2).Theythrewthemselvesheartandsoulintotheproject.(3).Shejustthrewonthefirstskirtshefound.活学巧练：单句语法填空(1)Asthevegetablesstartedcomingin，Dad_______(throw)himselfintocooking.(2)Theexpertshopetofindsomeevidenceto_____(throw)lightonthemysteriousphenomenon.(3)Weneedtorepairourpossessions，suchasdiscs，VCDsandsoon，insteadof_________(throw)themaway.(4)Tomakemattersworse，thestrangesmellmademe______(throw)upmydinner.threwthrowthrowingthrow2.Aslongasyouarenotafraidofheights，youwillbeimpressedbySkyBuffet，thelatestrestaurantinthecitycentre.核心考点：(1)impresssth.on/uponsb.＝impresssb.withsth.使某人牢记某事beimpressedby/with...对……印象深刻(2)impressionn．印象；影响；印记；感想leave/makea(n)...impressionon/uponsb.给某人留下一个……的印象(3)impressiveadj.给人深刻印象的；感人的佳句赏析：(1)Ourbossoftenimpressestheimportanceofcreativityon/uponus.(2)SheimpressedtheaudiencewiththesongWhereDidtheTimeGoatthestage.(3)Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.(4)Hisimpressiveperformanceonthestageyesterdayleft/madeadeepimpressionon/uponhisaudience.活学巧练：单句语法填空/完成句子/句式升级(1)AfterhearingSteve’splaying，Naomiwasdeeply_________(impress)byhismusic.(2)Myfirst________(impress)ofhimwasthathewasakindandthoughtfulyoungman.(3)What_________(impress)usmost(令我们最吃惊的)isyourpaintingtechnique，inwhichyouhaveshowedoutstandingtalent.(4)Iwas__________(impress)bythebeautifulsceneryandforgottogobackhomeintime.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)→____________________________，Iforgottogobackhomeintime.impressedimpressionimpressesimpressedImpressedbythebeautifulscenery4.Ifyouwanttogetthemostwonderfulviews,yourbestbetistositbythewindowanhourbeforesunset.核心考点：(1).betsth.on/againststh.下赌注于；用...打赌(2).win/loseabet赢/输一场赌(3).anevenbet平局(4).betone'sbottomdollaron对...孤注一掷(5).Ibet敢说；一定(6).youbet(口语)当然；的确佳句赏析：(1).Wehavegotabetonwhoisgoingtoarrivefirst.(2).Peoplewerebettingonafurthereasingofcreditconditions.(3).Youbetyourbottomdollarthathe'llbelate.活学巧练：(1).I________(bet)youweregoodatgameswhenyouwereatschool.(2).Shelayhermothera______(bet)thatshewouldbeadmittedbyagooduniversity.(3).Clotheswereasafe_______(bet)asaparentforateenager.betbetbet5.Theatmosphereislivelyandmodern,withitswallpaintedwhiteandlightblue.核心考点：(1).theupperatmosphere高层大气pollutionoftheatmosphere大气污染(2).arelaxedatmosphere轻松的氛围createaromaticatmosphere创造一种浪漫的气氛佳句赏析：(1).Studnetswillbeencouragedtoanswerthequestionsinanrelativelyrelaxedatmosphere.(2).Theatmospherewillbecomethinnerandthinnerwhenyouclimbhigh.(3).Theroomisfullofatmospherewithalltheguestslaughinganddancing.活学巧练：(1).Awarmingoceanand_________(atmosphere)alongwithmeltingiceandrisingsealevelsprovideevidenceofadramaticchangeintheglobalclimate.(2).Agoodresturantistheonethatcanprovideagood_________(atmosphere)foritsconsumers.atmosphereatmosphereStep3ConclusionStep3ConclusionStep4UtilizationStep4UtilizationLocatedtoseetoturntositpaintedrangingtobetoinvitewin/loseabet;have/putabetonsthOne’sbetisthat……the/yourbestbetagood/safebetbet…on/againststhTwoyoungmenbettheirticketsonthecard

gameandtolostthemtoJackDawson.I(will)bet!Youbet!Q:Whatmakeseatingthereenjoyable?Step4UtilizationStep4UtilizationTo-infinitiveassubjects动词不定式作主语1.动词不定式作主语,表示具体的、一次性或尚未做的动作。如：动名词形式作主语，表示动作经常反复发生，而不是只针对某一次。Smokinginthepublicisnotgood.注TocookChinesefoodisnoteasy.TospeakEnglishwellisn'taneasyjob.

Totalkwithherisagreatpleasure.

2.动词不定式短语作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，往往用it作形式主语，而把不定式短语置于谓语动词之后。如：①TospeakEnglishwellisn'taneasyjob.

②Toimproveourteachingmethodisveryimportant.

③Totalkwithherisagreatpleasure.

TomasterEnglishisimportant.——Itisimportant

tomasterEnglish.Practice——Itisn’taneasyjobtospeakEnglish.——Itisveryimportanttoimproveourteachingmethod.——Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithher.

其常见句型有以下4种①It＋is＋名词＋todosthIt'sourdutytotakegoodcareoftheold.②

Ittakes/tookwilltakesb＋sometime/money＋todosthItwilltakeusthreehourstowalkthere.③

It＋be＋形容词＋for/ofsb＋todosthIt’sverykindofyoutotelluswhathappenedyesterday.Itisimportantforchildrentotellrightfromwrongatanearlyage.④Itseems(appears)＋形容词＋todosthItseemedimpossibletofinishtheworkontime.01●It+be+adj.+todosth.

Itisimportanttobuildtrustbetweenboth.Itisimportanttofinishwritinginadvance.●It＋be＋adj.＋ofsbtodo（此处形容词常为表示行为者的性格、品质等特点的词，如kind、foolish、good、nice、selfish、generous等）Itiskindofyoutogivemesomuchhelp.Itisfoolishofhimtorefusetheoffer.●It＋be＋adj.＋forsbtodo（此处形容词常为描述事物特征的形容词，如easy、difficult、hard、importantimpossible、necessary等）ItwouldbedifficultforBobtofindagoodjob.ItisnecessaryforustobuyanEnglishdictionary.●It＋be＋n.＋todoItisourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.Itismyhonourtogiveaspeech.●It＋动词＋宾语＋不定式Ittakes/tookwilltakesb＋sometime/money＋todosthItseems(appears)＋形容词＋todosth01

3.“特殊疑问词+不定式”构成的不定式短语作主语时，且谓语动词常用单数。常见的特殊疑问词有：what,who,which,when,where,why,how等。如：

Wheretoholdthemeeting

hasn’tbeendecided.

Howtorelievethepain

isaquestion.To-infinitiveaspredicatives动词不定式作表语某些系动词，如be（是）、seem（看起来）、appear（看起来）、prove（证明）、turnout（结果）等，后面可以接不定式作表语。其中，除了be动词之外，seem、appear、prove、turnout后面的表语若是以“tobe+...”的形式出现，通常可以省略tobe。有些系动词如sound（听起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、feel（感觉）、become（成为）等，通常不可以接不定式作表语。Itsmellstobedelicious.Thecaketastestobeyummy.注He

seems

（tobe）busy.

Theplan

proves

（tobe）right.

Theplan

turnsout

（tobe）right.To-infinitivesasobjectsThiscompanyrefused

tocooperatewithus.A.跟在一些动词后作宾语，如:afford,aim,promise,refuse,decide,manage,hope,expect等。

B.当不定式（短语）在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，常用it作形式宾语，常见动词有find,think,make,consider,feel,suppose等。

Hemakesitarulenevertoborrowmoney.WefinditveryimportanttolearnEnglishwell.To-infinitivesasobjectcomplements复合句作宾补A.表示“指示,愿望,感觉”等的动词(短语)后常用不定式作宾语补足语，如ask，request，invite，force，get，beg，wish，want，intend，expect，encourage，advise，persuade，instruct，allow等词。

Whatcausedhertogiveupherstudies?Belowisalifestylemagazinearticle.Completethearticlewiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinthebrackets.Aslongasyouarenotafraidofheights,youwillbeimpressedbySkyBuffet,thelatestrestaurantinthecitycentre.(1)_________(locate)atthetopofTower88,itgivesyouanamazingviewofthebay.Betterstill,itsentireseatingareaturnsslowlyanditisenjoyable(2)_________(see)thesceneryoutsidewhilehavingyourmeal.LocatedtoseeB2Sinceittakesaboutanhour(3)________(turn)thefull360degrees,youareunlikelytogetboredwiththescenery.Ifyouwanttogetthemostwonderfulviews,yourbestbetis(4)_______(sit)bythewindowanhourbeforesunsetandwatchhowtheskychangescolours.Theatmosphereislivelyandmodern,withitswalls(5)________(paint)whiteandlightblue.SkyBuffetservesamenufullofeye-catchingAsiandishes,(6)________(range)fromChinesefoodtoJapanesefood.Itwillbeagoodidea(7)_________(invite)yourfamilyandfriendsoverfordinner.SkyBuffetisconsideredbymanylocals(8)_______(be)theperfectlocationforaspecialoccasion.paintedrangingtoinvitetobetosittoturnWhataretheto-infinitives

usedasineachsentenceofthisarticle?Aslongasyouarenotafraidofheights,youwillbeimpressedbySkyBuffet,thelatestrestaurantinthecitycentre.(1)_________(locate)atthetopofTower88,itgivesyouanamazingviewofthebay.Betterstill,itsentireseatingareaturnsslowlyanditisenjoyable(2)_________(see)thesceneryoutsidewhilehavingyourmeal.LocatedtoseesubjectSinceittakesaboutanhour(3)________(turn)thefull360degrees,youareunlikelytogetboredwiththescenery.Ifyouwanttogetthemostwonderfulviews,yourbestbetis(4)_______(sit)bythewindowanhourbeforesunsetandwatchhowtheskychangescolours.Theatmosphereislivelyandmodern,withitswalls(5)________(paint)whiteandlightblue.SkyBuffetservesamenufullofeye-catchingAsiandishes,(6)________(range)fromChinesefoodtoJapanesefood.Itwillbeagoodidea(7)_________(invite)yourfamilyandfriendsoverfordinner.SkyBuffetisconsideredbymanylocals(8)_______(be)theperfectlocationforaspecialoccasion.paintedrangingtoinvitetobetosittoturnsubjectsubjectpredicativesubjectcomplement根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。1.It’smygreathonour________________________(认识你).2.I’mhungry,getme__________________________(吃的东西),please.3.Thepurposeofnewtechnologyis________________________________(使生活更加容易).4.Thenewsreporterhurriedtotheairport,only________________________(被告知)thefilmstarhadleft.lifeeasier

toknowyou

somethingtoeattomaketobetold5.Theteacheraskedus________________________________________________(不要弄出这么大的噪音).6.Weareleavingatsixo’clock,andhope___________________________________________________(午饭前到达那里).7.Theyknowherverywell.Theyhad________________________________(看着她长大)sincechildhood.8.Thoughheoften________________________________________(把他的小妹妹弄哭),todayhe________________________________(被弄哭)byher.madetocry

nottomakesuchloudnoise

toarrive/gettherebeforelunchtimeseenhergrowupmakeshislittlesistercrywas

Practice1.Theflavourofhotpotisenough_______(heat)upacoldwinterevening.2.Theboymakesthemealinaperfectway_________(relax)himself.3.Thisisthefirsttimeforme__________(eat)BeijingDuck.4.Theyhadnothing__________(worry).5.Practiceistheonlyway___________(cook)deliciousfood.6.Theyhurriedtothestore,______________(tell)thefoodhasbeensold.toheattorelaxonlytobetoldtoeattoworrytocookPractice1被邀请到你家做客真的是太荣幸了。

.在家做饭准备环节需要花很长时间。

.Itisagreathonourtobeinvitedtoyourfamily.Ittakesalongtimetoprepareforhome-cookedmeals.你为我们做了这么多美味的菜真的是太好了。Itisniceofyoutomakesomanytastydishesforus.在当今社会，我们学会做饭还是很有用的。Itisusefulforustolearnhowtocook.Rewritethefollowingsentences,usingto-infinitives.Thenextdishtobeprepared

bythecookis...Toprepare

home-cookedmealsis...Herdreamistoopen

arestaurantsomeday....inthepotfirst(inorder)tocookthemquickly.IconsidertheSoupoftheDaytobe

thebest...Practice3单句语法填空1.

(learn)istobebet