2022-2023学年江苏省常州市金坛区高一（下）期末英语试卷（含解析）

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年江苏省常州市金坛区高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AClubInformation

Art

Ourweeklylifedrawingsessionsarearelaxingenvironmentforyourartisticabilitytodevelopandmeetothercreativesouls.Nopreviousexperienceofartisrequiredtojoin，becausewebelieveartshouldbeforall.

MeetingTime：Tuesdays6p.m.-8p.m.

Learnmoreaboutusatart.soc@

Backstage

Weareagroupofstudentswholiketheatreverymuch.WeprovideboththebasicsoftheatreandvoluntarytheatreservicesinTheRileySmithTheatre.Backstageisn'tjustaboutthetheatre，though.

Wealsorunatriponceayeartoamusicalofourchoice.

MeetingTime：Fridays6p.m.-8p.m.

Learnmoreaboutusatbackstage.soc@

Band

Weexisttohelpbringtogethermusiciansofeverygenre（体裁）.Weaimtopromotelivemusicandhelpmusiciansfindbandmates.PleasejointheBandSocgroupbypressingtheblueVisitGroup"button，whichhasallthelatestupdatesandevents.Pleasealsoconsiderbuyingmembershiptosaveafewpoundsatevents.

MeetingTime：Mondays6p.m.-8p.m.

Learnmoreaboutusathandsoc@

Anglo-Chinese

WeareaculturallyawareanddiverseclubdevotedtopromotingChineseandBritishculturebycreatingahomeawayfromhome".Weaimtopromoteculturalexchangeandmeetamazingpeople.

Joiningusiscompletelyfree.Wewelcomeeveryonetojoinusandparticipateinouractivities.

MeetingTime：Thursdays6p.m.-8p.m.

Learnmoreaboutusatanglochinese.soc@

1.Whichwebsitecanyouvisitifyouareinterestedinacting？______A.art.soc@ B.backstage.soc@

C.band.soc@ D.anglochinese.soc@2.HowcanyoutakepartinBandeventsatareducedprice？______A.Becomeamember. B.JointheVisitGroup.

C.Bringabandmate. D.Bookaticketonline.3.Whichclubcanyoujointoraisecross-culturalawareness？______A.Art. B.Backstage. C.Band. D.Anglo-Chinese.BWhenIfirstheardaboutSummitLearning，IadmitIwasnotabitexcited.Ithoughtitwouldlowermyinteractions（互动）withothers.ButwhenIgottoexperienceitfirsthand，Iwassurprised.

Recently，wedidapoetryproject，andoneoftheactivitieswasapartnerreview.Iwouldneverhavetakenpartifitwasuptome，asIprefertoworkindependently.ButwhenIgotinvolved，IfoundtheexperiencehaddonesomethingIthoughtnearlyimpossible—itmademypoembetter.MypartnerinformedmeofmymistakesandtoldmewhereIcouldgivemoredetails.

Oneofourfinalproductsoftheprojectwastopresentourpoemtotheclass.I'vealwayslovedpublicspeaking，butIthoughtwithSummitLearningIwouldhavefewerchancestospeak.Iwaswrong.Theactivitieswedidwithapartnergavemeanextrapushofconfidenceandinspiredmetodomoretomakemypresentationthebestitcouldpossiblybe.

InteractionslikethesearewhatSummitLearningisallabout.Thisstyleoflearningbringsapositive，hard-workingculturethatallowsyoutopushyourlimitsandkeepgoing.Itcreatesasenseofcommunity，sinceweareallworkingtowardsasimilargoal.

Ihavealwaysbeenaheadandadvanced，butinanormalclassroomtherearelimitsonwhatyoucando.WithSummitLearning，IcangobeyondexpectationsinprojectsormoveaheadinlearningnewcontentwhenI'mready.Ihaveownershipofmyworkandworktowardsmygoals.

SummitLearninghasshowedmehowmuchpeoplecangrowandchange.Ithashelpedmeseepeopleandmyselfdifferently.Ithasbeenoneofthegreatestexperiencesofmylife，andIcannotseemyselfbacktoa"normal"classroom.4.Whatwastheauthor'sfirstresponsetoSummitLearning？______A.Hewaseagertotakepart. B.Hewasanxioustoshowup.

C.Hewasreadytogiveup. D.Hewasunwillingtoattend.5.Howdidthepoetryprojectbenefittheauthor？______A.Itimprovedhispoemandconfidence.

B.Itremindedhimtobeindependent.

C.Itgavehimachancetospeakpublicly.

D.Itgavehimasenseofresponsibility.6.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSummitLearning？______A.Ithighlightspoetry.

B.Ittransformsthelearningstyle.

C.Itvaluesindividuality.

D.Itteachespublicpresentation.7.HowdoestheauthorfindSummitLearningnow？______A.Rigid. B.Challenging. C.Inspiring. D.Normal.CComfortfoodmakesapersonfeelgood.Foodhighinsugarorfattendstoimprovemoodbystimulatingthebrain'srewardsystem.Soitmakessensethatmanyofusmayturntofoodforcomfortintimesofstress.There'ssomefascinatingresearchthatexaminesfoodasasourceofcomfort.However，themostinterestingthingaboutthisresearchmaybethatfoodsarefarlesscomfortingthanwetendtobelievetheyare.

TraciMann，aprofessorofpsychology，andcolleaguesconductedaseriesofstudywithcollegestudents.Theresearchersexaminedhowmuchcomfortfoodsactuallyimprovemood.Theyprovidedstudentswithoneofthethreefoodsthattheyhadindicatedweretheirtop，personalcomfortfoods.Afterproducinganegativemoodbyhavingthemwatchmovieclipsdesignedtoincreasetheirsadness，angerandanxiety，theresearchersofferedthestudentstheircomfortfood.

Theyhadtoassess（评估）howtheyfeltbeforeandaftertheyweresupposedlycomfortedbyicecream，pizzaorwhatevertheyhadindicatedtheytypicallyatetofeelbetter.Allofthestudentscompletedthestudyontwoseparateoccasions：oncewhentheywereabletoeattheircomfortfoodandoncewhentheywereabletoeatanotherfoodtheyliked，buttheywouldn'tcallacomfortfood.Theresearchersfoundthatcomfortfooddidimprovestudents'moods—butonlybyalittlebitandnotmorethantheotherfoodtheyliked.

Inanotherstudy，comfortfoodwascomparedtonofoodatall，andstudents'moodsseemedtoimproveevenwhentheydidn'teatanything—mostlikelyjustduetothepassageoftime.

Thetake-homemessagefromthestudies？Whilethecomfortfoodmaymakethepersonfeelbetterforthetimebeing，itdoeslittletoaddressemotionalproblems.Ofcourse，everyonecanindulge（纵情）inacomfortfoodfromtimetotime，butoverall，aimfortheseinstancestobetheexceptionratherthantherule.8.WhichaspectofcomfortfooddoTraciMann'sstudiesfocuson？______A.Themeansbywhichitaffectsmood.

B.Itsroleinreducingnegativity.

C.Theextenttowhichitliftsmood.

D.Itsimpactonphysicalhealth.9.Howwerethestudiescarriedout？______A.Bycomparingstudents'feelingsondifferentoccasions.

B.Byobservingstudents'differentreactionstofoods.

C.Byanalyzingquestionnairesaboutcomfortfoods.

D.Bycollectingdataaboutpeoplefromallwalksoflife10.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph？______A.Toexplainarule. B.Tointroduceaconcept.

C.Topresentafact. D.Tomakeasuggestion.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext？______A.FeelingNegative？TryComfortFood

B.ComfortFoodMaynotWorkWonders

C.TheSciencebehindComfortFood

D.ComfortFoodTendtoBeUnhealthyDStagefright，alsocalledperformanceanxiety，affectsactorsofallagesandexperiencelevels，fromrookiekindergartenerstoBroadwaystars.TakeBellaMerlin.She'saprofessorofactinganddirectingattheUniversityofCalifornia，Riverside.ShehasalsoactedformanyseasonsinseveralUStheaters.Yet，shesays，"Forsevenyears，IfearedtheonethingIloved：acting."

Signsofstagefrightincludesweating，rapidbreathing，tightnessinthechestand"butterflies"inthestomach.Noteveryoneshowsallthesesignsorexperiencesthemwiththesameintensity（强度）.Yetextremefearcanmakesomeactorsescapemid-performanceandbringthecurtainsdownonpromisingcareers.

Itseemsreasonabletoblamestagefrightentirelyonbad-tempereddirectorsorcomplicatedlines.Butpsychologistshavefoundthephysicalsignsactuallyreflectdeep-rootedfearsofone'sownmaking.Suchfearsareinstancesofpredictinganegativefutureoutcomewithoutincludinganyotherpositivealternatives.

Whatarethesefears？Oneisthatofmakingmistakes.Afewactorsareafraidanyerrorwillruintheirownortheirgroup'sreputation.Thesemayincludemispronouncingaword.

Forthosewhohavebeenperformingforawhile，memoriesofnegativeexperiencescanbeanaddedburden.You'rerememberinglastyear'sschoolplayandimaginingyourclassmateslaughingatyourerrors.Thisdistractsyourattention，raisingthechanceyou'llmakeanothererror.

There'sadifferentworryforactorswhoputalotofthemselvesintotheircharacters.Theyfearthatbynotacceptingtheironstagepersonalities，theaudienceislabelingthemas"worthless"inreallife，too.

Whateverthefear，stagefrightactivates（激活）astress-responsesysteminyourbody.Thealarmactivatingthissystemcomesfromanalmond-shapedareainthebraincalledtheamygdala.Afteritsoundsthealarm，yourbodyfloodswithtwochemicals：adrenalineandcortisol.Theymakeyourheartbeatfasterandtightenyourmuscles，puttingyouintoafight-fight-freezemode.

Sincestagefrightoriginatesinthebrain，youmightexpectthecureexiststhere，too.You'dberight.12.WhyisBellaMerlinmentionedinParagraph1？______A.Toillustratewhatisstagefright.

B.Toshowstagefrightisquitecommon.

C.TointroduceafamousBroadwaystar.

D.Toexplainhermixedfeelingsaboutacting.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"bringthecurtainsdownon"meaninParagraph2？______A.Goaheadwith. B.Lookforwardto.

C.Bringanendto. D.Makeadifferenceto.14.Whichofthefollowingisareasonforstagefright？______A.Worriesaboutmakinganyerrors.

B.Nopreviousperformingexperiences.

C.Linestoocomplicatedtoremember.

D.Lackofdevotiontostageperformance.15.Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraphs？______A.Morecausesofstagefright.

B.Otherinstancesofstagefright.

C.Strategiestobeatstagefright.

D.In-builtfrightresponsesinbrain.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Whetheryou'retryingtoloseweightorsimplyfeelbetter，agoodfitnessroutineiskey.（1）______Howmanytimeshaveyoucommittedtoaprogramonlytofindyourselfdriftingbackintoyouroldhabits？Fortunately，therearesomeeasymethodsforkeepingyourselfontracktowardyourhealthandfitnessgoals.

ClearYourHead

Thefirststepistofine-tuneyourmindset.It'snotenoughtosimplywantsomething.（2）______Somepeoplemistakenlybelievethatthistypeofmentaltoughnesscanonlybeachievedbypeoplewithnaturalself-controlandwillpower.Luckily，youcantrainyourselftobementallystrongbypracticingsomekeybehaviorsdaily.

WriteItDown

Anothereffectivetoolistoputtheminwriting.Setspecific，measurable，achievable，relevant，andtime-boundtargetsforyourself.Forexample，insteadofsaying，"Iwanttostartrunning，"youmightdefineyourgoalas，"Withinsixmonths，Iwillbeabletoruna5K."（3）______

PhoneaFriend

（4）______Tellthispersonwhatyou'reaimingfor.Whenyou'refeelingunmotivated，givethemacallandaskthemtoremindyouwhyyoustarteddownthispath.Ifthepersonyoushareyourhomewithcanworktowardsimilarhealthgoals，allthebetter.

MakeItFun

Gettingfitandhealthyshouldn'tfeellikepunishment.Findactivitiesandfoodsthatyouactuallyenjoy.Ifyouhatecarrot，don'tforceyourselftoeatit.Findanalternativelikepotato，letgooftheguilt，andenjoy.（5）______Ifyouhaterunning，stepoffitandintosomethingmoreenjoyablelikedancingorcycling.

Takingresponsibilityforyourownphysicalfitnessisthefoundationofahealthylifestyle.Setgoalsthatarerightforyou，holdyourselfresponsibleforachievingthem，andcelebrateeachsmallvictoryalongthewaytosuccess.

A.Thesamegoesforexercise.

B.Recordyourdailyprogressyoumake.

C.Butstickingtoonecanbeachallenge.

D.Ifyoumissaworkout，itdoesn'tmeanallislost.

E.Youhavetofocusyourmentalenergiesonsuccess.

F.Tokeepyourselfresponsibleforthegoalsyouset，haveapartner.

G.Notedownthemilestonesyou'llmeetontheroadtoachievingyourgoal.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Haveyoueverfeltnervouswhiledoingsomethingfortheveryfirsttime？Ifyougotdroppedoffinanewenvironmentwithabunchofstrangers，whatwouldyoudo？Itcanbeextremelydifficult，andevenfrighteningattimes，totrysomething（1）______.

Recently，apopularChinesevloggerpostedvideosteachingpeoplehowtotakethemetroandbusincities.Thefirstreactionofmanynetizenswas（2）______.Afterall，whodoesn'tknowhowtousepublictransportation？Butsoon，manyothersthankedthecreatorforherthoughtfuland（3）______videosbecausesheshowedpeopleasimple-to-followsetof（4）______onwhattodo.Manyhad（5）______torealizelotsofpeopleinChinadon'tliveinlargecities.Whatwemay（6）______ascommonknowledgemayverywellbe（7）______andconfusingtoothers.Videoslikethese，whichhelppeopleto（8）______thelifeskillstheymaynothave，may（9）______themalotofawkwardness.

IremembergoingtocollegeinAmericaforthefirsttime.Whenyounger，Ihadalreadylearnedmany（10）______skills，likecookingsimplemeals.The（11）______wasdifferentwithmanyofmyroommates.Theydidn'thavetheseskillsIconsiderverybasic.AndIdidn'tknowhowtousethedishwasher（12）______toalmosteveryAmerican.WhatmyroommatesandIdidwashelpeachotheroutby（13）______ourknowledgeabouthowtodoonethingoranother.

Itisnot（14）______forafarmertolearnhowtoridethemetro，justasitisunnecessaryforacitypersontolearnhowtoraisechickens.Butwecanlearnhowtodoboth-—thankstothepeoplewillingtokeepa（n）（15）______mindaboutotherpeopleandgiveahelpinghandaswell.21.

A.special B.new C.unusual D.complicated22.

A.confusion B.relief C.anxiety D.admiration23.

A.long-standing B.expensive C.inspiring D.informative24.

A.introductions B.instructions C.requirements D.inspections25.

A.continued B.seemed C.failed D.come26.

A.declare B.employ C.feature D.perceive27.

A.professional B.fascinating C.foreign D.striking28.

A.pickup B.putup C.takeup D.makeup29.

A.bring B.allow C.cause D.save30.

A.management B.business C.household D.nutrition31.

A.example B.case C.occasion D.event32.

A.common B.important C.unique D.particular33.

A.applying B.acquiring C.spreading D.sharing34.

A.suitable B.beneficial C.essential D.useful35.

A.open B.active C.clear D.honest四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

ZhuYanjun，50，istherunner-upofthe2023ChinesePoetryCompetition.（1）______（graduate）fromjuniorhighschoolin1992，hestoppedhisschoolingandlefthishometown，（2）______villageinJingningcountyofGansuprovince，andbegantoworkasamigrantworker.

Overthepast30years，（3）______hewasbusyworkingduringtheday，hekeptonspendinghissparetimepursuinghispassionforpoetry.Thisyear，hefinallyappearedintheChinesePoetryCompetitionandwonthesecondplace，leavingtheaudience（4）______（impress）withhistalent.

Zhu's（5）______（enthusiastic）withpoetryrunsthrougheveryaspectofhislife.Heworkedinmorethan10cities，yetwhereverhewas，hewenttolocalbookstoresandtookanotebookwith（6）______（he）inordertocopypoems.Overtheyears，he（7）______（read）thousandsofpoemsandcanrecitemorethan1，000ofthem.

InMarchofthisyear，ZhuYanjungotachancetoworkattheculturalcenterofJingningCounty，（8）______giveshimmoretimetoexplore（9）______isbehindthepoems.Zhuwishestoinspiremorepeoplearoundhim（10）______（explore）thebeautyofreading.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友George对中国画很感兴趣。请你给他写一封电子邮件，推荐一副画，内容包括：

（1）写信目的；

（2）画作简介；

（3）推荐理由。

注意：

（1）词数80左右；

（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearGeorge，___________

Bestregards，LiHua38.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Mostmornings，thesunrosetogreetthedayandthebirdsangitssongsoutsideanupstairswindowofthehouse.InsidethehouseOllieandNoahwouldwakeup.Thebrotherandsisterusuallygotalongverywell.Theytookturnsnicelywiththebathroom.Theysaid"please"and"thankyouatbreakfast.Theyoftensattogetherontheschoolbus.Andafterschooltheyworkedtogetherhappilyontheirspecialproject—theirownbackyardhouse.

Butonegraymorningtheydidn'tgetalongwellatall!Maybeitwastheweather，ormaybeitwasbecausethebirdsleptlate.Butwhateveritwas，theygotintoabigfight.

Noahopenedhereyesandstretched.Thenshesatupandletherlegsdangle（垂悬）overtheedgeofherbed-rightinOllie'sface.Shedidn'tdoittoberude.Itwasjustoneofthosethingsthathappenswithbunkbeds（双层床）.

ButthatmorningOlliewasnotinaverygoodmood.

"Noah!"heshouted."Getyourstupidfeetoutofmyface!"

"Myfeetaren'tstupid，andthey'renotinyourface!"sheshoutedback

BeforeOlliecouldanswer，sheskippedintothebathroomaheadofhim.Shetookaverylongtimebrushingherteeth，washingup，andcombingherhair.

"You'dbettercomeoutofthatbathroom!"shoutedOllie，bangingonthedoor.

"Ollie，"saidMama，comingoutofherbedroom，"youknowbetterthantoshoutatyoursister."

"Butshe'stakingtoolonginthebathroom，"complainedOllie，"andshe'sdoingitonpurpose!"

WhenOllieraisedhisfisttobangonthedooragain，itopenedandoutcameNoah，alldressedup.

"Goodmorning，Mama，"shesaid，asniceasyouplease.

"Gr-r-r!"saidOllie.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

OllieandNoahkeptonbeingmeantoeachotherthatday._______

"I'vehadquiteenoughofthisfoolishfighting."saidMamaseriously.________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Backstage部分中Weareagroupofstudentswholiketheatreverymuch.（我们是一群非常喜欢戏剧的学生。）以及Learnmoreaboutusat

backstage.soc@（更多信息请访问backstage.soc@）可知，如果学生对表演感兴趣可以访问backstage.soc@。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据Band部分Please

also

consider

buying

membership

to

save

a

few

pounds

at

events.（也请考虑购买会员资格，以便在活动中节省几英镑。）可知，成为会员则可以省钱。A.Become

a

member.成为会员；B．Join

the

Visit

Group.加入参观小组；C．Bring

a

band

mate.带一个乐队成员；D．Book

a

ticket

online.在网上订票。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据Anglo-Chinese部分中We

are

a

culturally

aware

and

diverse

club

devoted

to

promoting

Chinese

and

British

culture

by

creating

a

home

away

from

home.We

aim

to

promote

cultural

exchange

and

meet

amazing

people.（我们是一个具有文化意识和多元化的俱乐部，致力于通过创造一个家外之家来推广中国和英国文化。我们的目标是促进文化交流，结识了不起的人。）可知，你可以加入Anglo-Chinese社团来提高跨文化意识。故选D。

这篇短文主要介绍了四个俱乐部的信息。第一个俱乐部是艺术俱乐部，每周举行素描活动，欢迎所有人参加。第二个俱乐部是后台俱乐部，提供戏剧基础知识和志愿服务，并每年组织一次音乐之旅。第三个俱乐部是乐队俱乐部，旨在帮助音乐家们找到乐队成员，并推广现场音乐。最后一个俱乐部是中英俱乐部，致力于促进中英文化交流，欢迎所有人参加。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】D、A、B、C【解析】

（1）细节理解题。根据第一段WhenIfirstheardaboutSummitLearning，IadmitIwasnotabitexcited.Ithoughtitwouldlowermyinteractions（互动）withothers.（当我第一次听说SummitLearning的时候，我承认我一点也不兴奋。我想这会减少我与他人的互动。）和第二段Iwouldneverhavetakenpartifitwasuptome，asIprefertoworkindependently.（如果由我来决定，我绝不会参加，因为我更喜欢独立工作。）可知，作者对SummitLearning的第一反应是不想参加。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段The

activities

we

did

with

a

partner

gave

me

an

extra

push

of

confidence

and

inspired

me

to

do

more

to

make

my

presentation

the

best

it

could

possibly

be.

（我们与合作伙伴一起进行的活动给了我额外的信心，并激励我做更多的事情，使我的演讲尽可能做到最好。）可知，诗歌活动提高了作者的诗歌和信心。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段I

have

always

been

ahead

and

advanced，but

in

a

normal

classroom

there

are

limits

on

what

you

can

do.With

Summit

Learning，I

can

go

beyond

expectations

in

projects

or

move

ahead

in

learning

new

content

when

I'm

ready.I

have

ownership

of

my

work

and

work

towards

my

goals.

（我一直走在前面处于领先地位，但在普通课堂上，你所能做的是有限的。通过Summit

Learning，我可以在项目中超越预期，或者在准备好后继续学习新内容。我对自己的工作拥有所有权，并朝着自己的目标努力。）推知，Summit

Learning转变了学习的方式。A．It

highlights

poetry它突出了诗歌；B．It

transforms

the

learning

style它改变了学习风格；C．It

values

individuality它重视个性；D．It

teaches

public

presentation它教授公开演讲。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Summit

Learning

has

showed

me

how

much

people

can

grow

and

change.It

has

helped

me

see

people

and

myself

differently.It

has

been

one

of

the

greatest

experiences

of

my

life，and

I

cannot

see

myself

back

to

a

"normal"

classroom.

（Summit

Learning向我展示了人可以成长和改变多少。它帮助我以不同的方式看待别人和自己。这是我一生中最伟大的经历之一，我无法想象自己回到一个"正常"的教室。）推知，作者认为Summit

Learning非常有启发意义的。A．Rigid.刚性的；B．Challenging具有挑战性的；C．Inspiring鼓舞人心的；D．Normal正常的。故选C。

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加Summit

Learning课程的经历和感受。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。8~11.【答案】C、A、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段的TraciMann，aprofessorofpsychology，andcolleaguesconductedaseriesofstudywithcollegestudents.Theresearchersexaminedhowmuchcomfortfoodsactuallyimprovemood（心理学教授TraciMann及其同事对大学生进行了一系列研究。研究人员调查了安慰性食物能真正改善情绪多少），可知TraciMann的研究集中在安慰食物提升情绪的程度。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据第四段的They

had

to

assess（评估）

how

they

felt

before

and

after

they

were

supposedly

comforted

by

ice

cream，pizza

or

whatever

they

had

indicated

they

typically

ate

to

feel

better（他们必须评估他们在吃冰淇淋、披萨或任何他们认为能让他们感觉更好的东西之前和之后的感觉），可知这个实验是通过比较学生在不同场合的感受而进行的。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段的While

the

comfort

food

may

make

the

person

feel

better

for

the

time

being，it

does

little

to

address

emotional

problems.Of

course，everyone

can

indulge

（纵情）in

a

comfort

food

from

time

to

time，but

overall，aim

for

these

instances

to

be

the

exception

rather

than

the

rule（虽然安慰食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些，但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用。当然，每个人都可以偶尔放纵一下，但总的来说，这些都是例外，而不是规则），可知作者给出的建议是不要过度依赖于安慰食物来解决情绪问题。故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段可知，虽然安慰食物可能会让人暂时感觉好一些，但它对解决情绪问题几乎没有作用，所以B选项Comfort

Food

May

not

Work

Wonders（安慰食物可能不会产生奇迹）可以概括文章主题，可以作为标题。故选B。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了关于安慰食物对改善情绪的影响的一些研究。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。12~15.【答案】B、C、A、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据一段Stage

fright，also

called

performance

anxiety，affects

actors

of

all

ages

and

experience

levels，from

rookie

kindergarteners

to

Broadway

stars.

（怯场，也被称为表演焦虑，影响着所有年龄和经验水平的演员，从幼儿园新手到百老汇明星）推知，第一段提及Bella

Merlin为了说明怯场是十分常见的。A．To

illustrate

what

is

stage

fright.为了说明什么是怯场；B．To

show

stage

fright

is

quite

common.怯场是很常见的；C．To

introduce

a

famous

Broadway

star.介绍一位著名的百老汇明星；D．To

explain

her

mixed

feelings

about

acting.来解释她对表演的复杂感受。故选B。

（2）词句猜测题。根据第二段Yet

extreme

fear

can

make

some

actors

escape

mid-performance

and

bring

the

curtains

down

on

promising

careers.（然而，极度的恐惧会让一些演员在表演中逃跑，bring

the

curtains

down

on他们前途无量的职业生涯）中的"escape

mid-performance"可知，如果演员在表演中逃跑，那么他们的职业生涯就会戛然而止。由此猜测划线部分意为"结束"。A．Go

ahead

with.继续；B．Look

forward

to.期待；C．Bring

an

end

to.结束…；D．Make

a

difference

to.对…产生影响。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段的What

are

these

fears？One

is

that

of

making

mistakes.A

few

actors

are

afraid

any

error

will

ruin

their

own

or

their

group's

reputation.

（这些恐惧是什么？其一是犯错误。一些演员担心任何错误都会毁了他们自己或他们的团体的声誉）可知，怯场的原因之一是担心犯任何一点错误。故选A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Since

stage

fright

originates

in

the

brain，you

might

expect

the

cure

exists

there，too.You'd

be

right.（由于怯场起源于大脑，你可能会认为治疗方法也存在于大脑中。你是对的）可知，治疗怯场的方法存在于大脑中。由此推知，下文很有可能介绍克服怯场的方法。故选C。

这篇短文主要讲述了舞台恐惧，也被称为表演焦虑，影响着各个年龄和经验水平的演员，从新手幼儿园生到百老汇明星。文章介绍了舞台恐惧的迹象，包括出汗、呼吸急促、胸闷和胃部不适。心理学家发现，这些身体迹象实际上反映了根深蒂固的恐惧，这些恐惧是预测未来负面结果的例证，而没有包括其他积极的选择。舞台恐惧激活了身体中的应激反应系统，这是由大脑中一个称为杏仁核的区域发出的警报引起的。警报发出后，身体会充满两种化学物质：肾上腺素和皮质醇，它们会使心跳加快、肌肉紧张，将你置于战斗、逃跑或冻结的状态。因为舞台恐惧起源于大脑，所以可以在大脑中找到治疗方法。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。16~20.【答案】C、E、G、F、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句Whether

you're

trying

to

lose

weight

or

simply

feel

better，a

good

fitness

routine

is

key（无论你是想减肥还是只是感觉更好，良好的健身习惯都是关键）；以及后句Howmanytimeshaveyoucommittedtoaprogramonlytofindyourselfdriftingbackintoyouroldhabits（有多少次你承诺了一个计划，却发现自己又回到了旧习惯），可知C选项"但坚持一种可能是一个挑战"可以承接前句健身习惯的话题，引起后句的具体解释。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据前文Thefirststepistofine-tuneyourmindset.It'snotenoughtosimplywantsomething（第一步是调整你的心态。仅仅想要什么是不够的），可知E选项"你必须把精力集中在成功上"可以承接前句，指出调整心态的具体做法。故选E。

（3）推理判断题。根据本段的主题句WriteItDown（把它写下来）；以及前句Withinsixmonths，Iwillbeabletoruna5

K（在六个月内，我将能够跑5公里），可知G选项"记下你在实现目标的路上会遇到的里程碑"符合语境，强调写下自己要实现的目标。故选G。

（4）推理判断题。根据主题句Phone

a

Friend（给朋友打电话）；以及后句Tellthispersonwhatyou'reaimingfor.Whenyou'refeelingunmotivated，givethemacallandaskthemtoremindyouwhyyoustarteddownthispath（告诉这个人你的目标。当你感到没有动力时，给他们打个电话，让他们提醒你为什么要走这条路），可知F选项"为了让自己对自己设定的目标负责，找一个伙伴"引起后句，强调当自己不能坚持下去的时候可以找朋友告知自己要坚持的目标是什么。故选F。

（5）推理判断题。根据前句Gettingfitandhealthyshouldn'tfeellikepunishment.Findactivitiesandfoodsthatyouactuallyenjoy.Ifyouhatecarrot，don'tforceyourselftoeatit.Findanalternativelikepotato，letgooftheguilt，andenjoy（健身和健康不应该让人觉得是一种惩罚。寻找你真正喜欢的活动和食物。如果你讨厌胡萝卜，就不要强迫自己吃。找一个替代品，比如土豆，放下罪恶感，尽情享受吧），可知A选项"锻炼也是如此"与前文呼应，指出健身锻炼也是一样，找到自己喜欢的活动。故选A。

这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了可以让你朝着健康和健身的目标前进的一些简单方法。

做题步骤：

步骤一：快速浏览一遍备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。

步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。

步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。

步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。

步骤五：区分相似项。21~35.【答案】B、A、D、B、C、D、C、A、D、C、B、A、D、C、A【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.special特殊的；B.new新的；C.unusual不同寻常的；D.complicated复杂的。句意：尝试新事物是非常困难的，有时甚至是可怕的。根据前当文"Ifyougotdroppedoffinanewenvironmentwithabunchofstrangers"可知，如果你被送到一个陌生的环境和一群陌生人在一起的时候，你可能不敢尝试新的事物甚至会感觉到害怕。故选B。

（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.confusion困惑；B.relief宽慰；C.anxiety焦虑；D.admiration钦佩，羡慕。句意：许多网友的第一反应是困惑。根据后文"Afterall，whodoesn'tknowhowtousepublictransportation"可知，毕竟，谁不知道如何使用公共交通工具呢？所以该视频告诉人们如何乘坐地铁是让网友们感觉到困惑。故选A。

（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.long-standing长期存在的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.informative提供信息的。句意：但很快，许多人都感谢了这位创作者，因为她为人们展示了一套简单易行的操作指南，让人们知道该怎么做。根据后文"becausesheshowedpeopleasimple-to-followsetof（4）onwhattodo."可知，该视频为人们如何能够简单地乘坐交通工具提供了信息。故选D。

（4）考查名词及语境理解。A.introductions介绍；B.instructions说明，指令；C.requirements要求；D.inspections检查。句意：但很快，许多人都感谢了这位创作者，因为她为人们展示了一套简单易行的操作指南，让人们知道该怎么做。根据后文"whattodo"可知，该视频展示了一套简单易行的操作指南，即对如何乘坐公共交通进行说明。让人们知道该怎么做。故选B。

（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.continued继续；B.seemed似乎；C.failed失败，未能；D.come来。句意：许多人没有意识到中国有很多人不住在大城市。根据后文"lotsofpeopleinChinadon'tliveinlargecities"可知，许多人未能意识到中国有很多人不住在大城市。故选C。

（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.declare宣布；B.employ雇佣；C.feature以……为特征；D.perceive理解，认为。句意：我们认为是常识的东西对其他人来说很可能是陌生的和令人困惑的。根据后文"ascommonknowledge"可知，我们认为是常识的东西对于他人可能很陌生。故选D。

（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.professional专业的；B.fascinating迷人的；C.foreign国外的，陌生的；D.striking惊人的，印象深刻的。句意：我们认为是常识的东西对其他人来说很可能是陌生的和令人困惑的。根据后文"confusingtoothers"可知，我们认为是常识的东西对其他人来说很可能是陌生的和令人困惑的。故选C。

（8）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.pickup习得，拾起；B.putup举起，张贴；C.takeup占据，从事；D.makeup组成。句意：像这样的视频可以帮助人们掌握他们可能没有的生活技能，可能会让他们免去很多尴尬。根据后文的"thelifeskills"可知，帮助人们掌握生活技能。故选A。

（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.bring带来；B.allow允许；C.cause导致；D.save避免，节省。句意：像这样的视频可以帮助人们掌握他们可能没有的生活技能，可能会让他们免去很多尴尬。根据后文"themalotofawkwardness"可知，这些视频可能会让他们避免很多尴尬。故选D。

（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.management管理；B.business生意，事业；C.household家庭，家务；D.nutrition营养。句意：当我还小的时候，我已经学会了很多家务技巧，比如做简单的饭菜。根据后文"likecookingsimplemeals"可知，