2019年12月英语四级考试真题试卷附答案卷一

2019年12月英语四级考试真题试卷附答案(第1套)PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoaforeignfriendwhowantstoteachEnglishinChina.Pleaserecommendacitytohim.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

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________________________________________________________________________PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Awanderingcowwascapturedbythepolice.

B)Sometouristswereinjuredbyawanderingcow.

C)Awanderingcowknockeddownoneofitsfences.

D)Manyfacilitiesweredestroyedbyawanderingcow.

2.A)Itbecameagreatattractionfortourists.

B)Itfounditswaybacktothepark'szoo.

C)Itwasshottodeathbyapoliceofficer.

D)Itwassenttotheanimalcontroldepartment.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Itisthelargestofitskind.

B)Itisstaringanonlineexhibition.C)Itisgoingtobeexpanded.

D)Itisdisplayingmorefossilspecimens.

4.A)AcollectionofbirdfossilsfromAustralia.

B)SomeancientwallpaintingsfromAustralia.

C)Photographsofcertainrarefossilexhibits.D)Picturesbywinnersofawildlifephotocontest.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Amusevisitors.B)Amusevisitors.

C)Pickuptrash.D)Playwithchildren.6.A)Theyarechildren'sfavorite.B)Theyareespeciallyintelligent.

C)Theyarecleanandpretty.D)Theyarequiteeasytotame.

7.A)Childrenmayoverfeedtherooks.

B)Childrenmaycontractbirddiseases.

C)Childrenmaybeharmedbytherooks.D)Childrenmaybetemptedtodroplitter.SectionBConversation

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversationsyouwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationsandthequestion-swillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion.YoumustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Itwillcoverdifferentareasofscience.B)Itwillbehostedbyfamousprofessors.

C)ItwillbeproducedatHarvardUniversity..

D)Itwillfocusonrecentscientificdiscoveries.9.A)Itwillbemorefuturistic.

B)Itwillbemoreentertaining.C)Itwillbemoresystematic.

D)Itwillbeeasiertounderstand.10.A)Youngsterseagertoexplore.

B)Studentsmajoringinscience.

C)Childrenintheirearlyteens.

D)Peopleinterestedinscience.11.A)Providefinancialsupport.

B)Offerprofessionaladvice.

C)HelppromoteitontheInternet.

D)Makeepisodesforitsfirstseason.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Unsure.

B)Helpless.

C)Dissatisfied.

D)Concerned.

13.A)Helosesheartwhenfacedwithsetbacks.

B)Heistooconcernedwithbeingperfect.

C)Hetakesonprojectsbeyondhisability.

D)Heistooambitiousinachievinggoals.A)Embarrassed.B)Unconcerned.C)Resentful.D)Miserable.15.A)Comparehispresentwithhispastonly.B)Trytobeoptimisticwhateverhappens.C)Alwayslearnfromothers'achievements.

D)Treatothersthewayhewouldbetreated.SectionCPassage

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theyhavegreaterpotentialtobeleaders.

B)Theyaremorelikelytobecomeengineers.C)Theyaremorelikelytosucceedinthehumanities.

D)Theyhaveastrongersenseofsocialresponsibility.17.A)Praisegirlswholiketospeakupfrequently.

B)Insistthatboysandgirlsworktogethermore.

C)Respondmorepositivelytoboys'comments.

D)Encouragegirlstosolveproblemsontheirown.A)Payextraattentiontotopstudents.B)Provideavarietyofoptionalcourses.

C)Placegreatemphasisontestscores.

D)Offerpersonalizedteachingmaterials.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Itseldomrainsinsummertime.

B)Itoftenrainscatsanddogs.

C)Itdoesnotrainasmuchaspeoplethink.

D)ItisoneofthemostrainycitiesintheUS.

20.A)Therainisusuallyverylight.B)Theraincomesmostlyatnight.C)Theyhavegotusedtotherain.

D)Theydrivemostofthetime.

21.A)Ithasfewercloudydaysthananyothercoastalcity.

B)Ithasmildweatherbothinsummerandinwinter.C)Ithasneverseenthunderandlighting.

D)Ithasalotofplacesforentertainment.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Itresultsfromexertingone'smusclescontinuously.

B)Itoccurswhenpeoplearedoingarepetitiveactivity.

C)Ithappenswhenpeopleengageinanuncommonactivity.

D)Itcomesfromstainingone'smusclesinanunusualway.

23.A)Theygraduallybecomefragmented.

B)Theybegintomakerepairsimmediately.

C)Bodymovementsintheaffectedareabecomedifficult.

D)Bloodflowandbodyheatincreaseintheaffectedarea.

24.A)Abouttwodays.

B)Abouttendays.

C)Aboutoneweek.

D)Aboutfourweeks.

25.A)Takepain-killers.

B)Haveahotshower.

C)Drinkplentyofwater.

D)Applymusclecreams.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Millionsofpeopletravelbyplaneeverysingleday.Ifyou'replanningonbeingoneofthemsoon,youmightnotbelookingforwardtothe__26__feelingairtraveloftenleavesyouwith.Besidestheairportcrowdsandstress,travellingatahighaltitudehasrealeffectsonthebody.Althoughthepressureofthecabinis__27__topreventaltitudesickness,youcouldstill__28__sleepinessoraheadache.Theloweroxygenpressurefoundinanaircraftcabinis__29__tothatat6,000-8,000feetofaltitude.Adropinoxygenpressurecancauseheadachesincertain__30__.Tohelppreventheadaches,drinkplentyofwater,andavoidalcoholandcoffee.Airplanefoodmightnotreallybeastastelessasyou__31__thought.Theairyoubreatheinaplanedriesoutyourmouthandnose,whichcanaffectyoursenseoftaste.Perceptionofsweetandsaltyfoodsdroppedbyalmost30percentinasimulationofairtravel.However,youcanmakeyourtastebudsactiveagainbydrinkingwater.Adrymouthmay__32__tastesensitivity,buttasteisrestoredbydrinkingfluids.Althoughin-flightinfections__33__indryenvironmentslikeairplanes,yourriskofgettingsickfromanairplaneisactuallylowbecauseoftheair__34__used.Unlessyou'resittingnexttosomeonewhoiscoughingorsneezing,youshouldn'tworrytoomuchaboutgettingsick.However,bacteriahavebeenshowntoliveoncabinsurfaces,sowashyourhands__35__.A)adjustedE)filtersI)particularM)smooth

B)channelsF)frequentlyJ)primarilyN)thrive

C)equivalentG)individualsK)reduceO)unpleasant

D)experienceH)originallyL)renovatedSectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.EachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.IsBreakfastReallytheMostImportantMealoftheDay?A)Alongwitholdclassicslike"carrotsgiveyounightvision"and"Santadoesn'tbringtoystomisbehavingchildren",oneofthemostwell-wornphrasesoftiredparentseverywhereisthatbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.Manyofusgrowupbelievingthatskippingbreakfastisaseriousmistake,evenifonlytwothirdsofadultsintheUKeatbreakfastregularly,accordingtotheBritishDieteticAssociation,andaroundthree-quartersofAmericans.B)"Thebodyusesalotofenergystoresforgrowthandrepairthroughthenight,"explainsdietspecialistSarahElder."Eatingabalancedbreakfasthelpstoupourenergy,aswellasmakeupforproteinandcalciumusedthroughoutthenight."Butthere'swidespreaddisagreementoverwhetherbreakfastshouldkeepitstopspotinthehierarchy(等级)ofmeals.Therehavebeenconcernsaroundthesugarcontentofcerealandthefoodindustry'sinvolvementinpro-breakfastresearch--andevenoneclaimfromanacademicthatbreakfastis"dangerous".C)What'sthereality?Isbreakfastanecessarystarttothedayoramarketingtacticbycerealcompanies?Themostresearchedaspectofbreakfast(andbreakfast-skipping)hasbeenitslinkstoobesity.Scientistshavedifferenttheoriesastowhythere'sarelationshipbetweenthetwo.InoneUSstudythatanalysedthehealthdataof50,000peopleoversevenyears,researchersfoundthatthosewhomadebreakfastthelargestmealofthedayweremorelikelytohavealowerbodymassindex(BMI)thanthosewhoatealargelunchordinner.Theresearchersarguedthatbreakfasthelpsreducedailycalorieintakeandimprovethequalityofourdiet--sincebreakfastfoodsareoftenhigherinfibreandnutrients.D)Butaswithanystudyofthiskind,itwasunclearifthatwasthecause--orifbreakfast-skipperswerejustmorelikelytobeoverweighttobeginwith.Tofindout,researchersdesignedastudyinwhich52obesewomentookpartina12-weekweightlossprogramme.Allhadthesamenumberofcaloriesovertheday,buthalfhadbreakfast,whiletheotherhalfdidnot.Whattheyfoundwasthatitwasn'tbreakfastitselfthatcausedtheparticipantstoloseweight:itwaschangingtheirnormalroutine.E)Ifbreakfastaloneisn'taguaranteeofweightloss,whyistherealinkbetweenobesityandbreakfast-skipping?AlexandraJohnstone,professorofappetiteresearchattheUniversityofAberdeen,arguesthatitmaysimplybebecausebreakfast-skippershavebeenfoundtobelessknowledgeableaboutnutritionandhealth."Therearealotofstudiesontherelationshipbetweenbreakfasteatingandpossiblehealthoutcomes,butthismaybebecausethosewhoeatbreakfastchoosetohabituallyhavehealth-enhancingbehaviourssuchasregularexerciseandnotsmoking,"shesays.F)A2016reviewof10studieslookingintotherelationshipbetweenbreakfastandweightmanagementconcludedthereis"limitedevidence"supportingorrefuting(反驳)theargumentthatbreakfastinfluencesweightorfoodintake,andmoreevidenceisrequiredbeforebreakfastrecommendationscanbeusedtohelppreventobesity.G)ResearchesfromtheUniversityofSurreyandUniversityofAberdeenarehalfwaythroughresearchlookingintothemechanismsbehindhowthetimeweeatinfluencesbodyweight.Earlyfindingssuggestthatabiggerbreakfastisbeneficialtoweightcontrol.Breakfasthasbeenfoundtoaffectmorethanjustweight.Skippingbreakfasthasbeenassociatedwitha27%increasedriskofheartdisease,a21%higherriskoftype2diabetesinmen,anda20%higherriskoftype2diabetesinwomen.Onereasonmaybebreakfast'snutritionalvalue--partlybecausecerealisfortified(增加营养价值)withvitamins.Inonestudyonthebreakfasthabitsof1,600youngpeopleintheUK,researchersfoundthatthefibreandmicronutrientintakewasbetterinthosewhohadbreakfastregularly.TherehavebeensimilarfindingsinAustralia,Brazil,CanadaandtheUS.H)Breakfastisalsoassociatedwithimprovedbrainfunction,includingconcentrationandlanguageuse.Areviewof54studiesfoundthateatingbreakfastcanimprovememory,thoughtheeffectsonotherbrainfunctionswereinconclusive.However,oneofthereview'sresearchers,MaryBethSpitznagel,saysthereis"reasonable"evidencebreakfastdoesimproveconcentration--therejustneedstobemoreresearch."Lookingatstudiesthattestedconcentration,thenumberofstudiesshowingabenefitwasexactlythesameasthenumberthatfoundnobenefit,"shesays."Andnostudiesfoundthateatingbreakfastwasbadforconcentration."I)What'smostimportant,someargue,iswhatweeatforbreakfast.High-proteinbreakfastshavebeenfoundparticularlyeffectiveinreducingthelongingforfoodandconsumptionlaterintheday,accordingtoresearchbytheAustralianCommonwealthScientificandIndustrialResearchOrganisation.WhilecerealremainsafirmfavouriteamongbreakfastconsumersintheUKandUS,arecentinvestigationintothesugarcontentof'adult'breakfastcerealsfoundthatsomecerealscontainmorethanthree-quartersoftherecommendeddailyamountoffreesugarsineachportion,andsugarwasthesecondorthirdhighestingredientincereals.J)Butsomeresearchsuggestsifwe'regoingtoeatsugaryfoods,it'sbesttodoitearly.Onestudyrecruited200obeseadultstotakepartina16-week-longdiet,wherehalfaddeddesserttotheirbreakfast,andhalfdidn't.Thosewhoaddeddessertlostanaverageof40poundsmore--however,thestudywasunabletoshowthelong-termeffects.Areviewof54studiesfoundthatthereisnoconsensusyetonwhattypeofbreakfastishealthier,andconcludedthatthetypeofbreakfastdoesn'tmatterasmuchassimplyeatingsomething.K)Whilethere'snoconclusiveevidenceonexactlywhatweshouldbeeatingandwhen,theconsensusisthatweshouldlistentoourownbodiesandeatwhenwe'rehungry."Breakfastismostimportantforpeoplewhoarehungrywhentheywakeup,"Johnstonesays."Eachbodystartsthedaydifferently--andthoseindividualdifferencesneedtoberesearchedmoreclosely,"Spitznagelsays."Abalancedbreakfastisreallyhelpful,butgettingregularmealsthroughoutthedayismoreimportanttoleavebloodsugarstablethroughtheday,whichhelpscontrolweightandhungerlevels,"saysElder."Breakfastisn'ttheonlymealweshouldbegettingright."Accordingtooneprofessor,obesityisrelatedtoalackofbasicawarenessofnutritionandhealth.

37.Somescientistsclaimthatpeopleshouldconsumetherightkindoffoodatbreakfast.

38.Opinionsdifferastowhetherbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.

39.Ithasbeenfoundthatnoteatingbreakfastisrelatedtotheincidenceofcertaindiseasesinsomecountries.

40.Researchersfounditwasachangeineatinghabitsratherthanbreakfastitselfthatinducedweightloss.

41.Tokeeponeselfhealthy,eatingbreakfastismoreimportantthanchoosingwhattoeat.

42.Itiswidelyconsideredwrongnottoeatbreakfast.

43.Moreresearchisneededtoprovethatbreakfastisrelatedtoweightlossorfoodintake.

44.Peoplewhoprioritisebreakfaststendtohavelowercaloriebuthighernutritionalintake.

45.Manystudiesrevealthateatingbreakfasthelpspeoplememoriseandconcentrate.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Textbooksrepresentan11billiondollarindustry,upfrom$8billionin2014.TextbookpublisherPearsonisthelargestpublisher--ofanykind--intheworld.Itcostsabout$1milliontocreateanewtextbook.Afreshmantextbookwillhavedozensofcontributors,fromsubject-matterexpertsthroughgraphicandlayoutartiststoexpertreviewersandclassroomtesters.Textbookpublishersconnectprofessors,instructorsandstudentsinwaysthatalternatives,suchasopene-textbooksandopeneducationalresources,simplydonot.Thisconnectionhappensnotonlybymeansofcollaborativedevelopment,reviewandtesting,butalsoatconferenceswherefacultyregularlydecideontheirtextbooksandcurriculaforthecomingyear.Itistruethattextbookpublishershaverecentlyreportedlosses,largelyduetostudentsrentingorbuyingusedprinttextbooks.Butthiscanbechalkeduptotheexcessivelyhighcostoftheirbooks--whichhasincreasedover1,000percentsince1977.Arestructuringofthetextbookindustrymaywellbeinorder.Butthisdoesnotmeantheendofthetextbookitself.WhiletheymaynotbeasdynamicasaniPad,textbooksarenotpassiveorlifeless.Forexample,overthecenturies,theyhavesimulated(模拟)dialoguesinanumberofways.From1800tothepresentday,textbookshavedonethisbyposingquestionsforstudentstoanswerinductively(归纳性地).Thatmeansstudentsareaskedtousetheirindividualexperiencetocomeupwithanswerstogeneralquestions.Today'spsychologytexts,forexample,ask:"Howmuchofyourpersonalitydoyouthinkyouinherited?"whileonesinphysicssay:"Howcanyoupredictwheretheballyoutossedwillland?"Expertsobservethat"textbookscomeinlayers,somethinglikeanonion."Foranactivelearner,engagingwithatextbookcanbeaninteractiveexperience.Readersproceedattheirownpace.They"customize"theirbooksbyengagingwithdifferentlayersandlinkages.Highlighting,Post-Itnotes,dog-earsandothertechniquesallowforfurthercustomizationthatstudentsvalueinprintbooksoverdigitalformsofbooks.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutopeneducationalresources?

A)Theycontributetoteachingasmuchastolearning.

B)Theydon'tprofitasmuchastraditionaltextbooksdo.

C)Theycan'tconnectprofessorsandstudentsastextbooksdo.

D)Theycompetefiercelyforcustomerswithtextbookproducers.Whatisthemaincauseofthepublishers'losses?

A)Failuretomeetstudentneed.

B)Industryrestructuring.

C)Emergenceofe-books.

D)Fallingsales.48.Whatdoesthetextbookindustryneedtodo?

A)Reformitsstructures.

B)Cutitsretailprices.

C)Findreplacementsforprintedtextbooks.

D)Changeitsbusinessstrategyperiodically.

49.Whatarestudentsexpectedtodointhelearningprocess?

A)Thinkcarefullybeforeansweringeachquestion.

B)Askquestionsbasedontheirownunderstanding.

C)Answerquestionsusingtheirpersonalexperience.

D)Giveanswersshowingtheirrespectivepersonality.

50.Whatdoexpertssayaboutstudentsusingtextbooks?

A)Theycandigitalizetheprintseasily.

B)Theycanlearninaninteractiveway.

C)Theycanpurchasecustomizedversions.

D)Theycanadaptthematerialthemselves.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whenwethinkofanimalsandplants,wehaveaprettygoodwayofdividingthemintotwodistinctgroups:oneconvertssunlightintoenergyandtheotherhastoeatfoodtomakeitsenergy.Well,thosedividinglinescomecrashingdownwiththediscoveryofaseaslug(海蛞蝓)that'strulyhalfanimalandhalfplant.It'sprettyincrediblehowithasmanagedtohijackthegenesofthealgae(藻类)onwhichitfeeds.Theslugscanmanufacturechlorophyll,thegreenpigment(色素)inplantsthatcapturesenergyfromsunlight,andholdthesegeneswithintheirbody.Thetermkleptoplastyisusedtodescribethepracticeofusinghijackedgenestocreatenutrientsfromsunlight.Andsofar,thisgreenseaslugistheonlyknownanimalthatcanbetrulyconsideredsolar-powered,althoughsomeanimalsdoexhibitsomeplant-likebehaviors.Manyscientistshavestudiedthegreenseaslugstoconfirmthattheyareactuallyabletocreateenergyfromsunlight.Infact,theslugsusethegeneticmaterialsowellthattheypassitontotheirfuturegenerations.Theirbabiesretaintheabilitytoproducetheirownchlorophyll,thoughtheycan'tgenerateenergyfromsunlightuntilthey'veeatenenoughalgaetostealthenecessarygenes,whichtheycan'tyetproduceontheirown."There'snowayonearththatgenesfromanalgashouldworkinsideananimalcell,"saysSidneyPiercefromtheUniversityofSouthFlorida."Andyethere,theydo.Theyallowtheanimaltorelyonsunshineforitsnutrition.Soifsomethinghappenstotheirfoodsource,theyhaveawayofnotstarvingtodeathuntiltheyfindmorealgaetoeat."Theseaslugsaresogoodatgatheringenergyfromthesunthattheycanliveuptoninemonthswithouthavingtoeatanyfood.Theygetalltheirnutritionalneedsmetbythegenesthatthey'vehijackedfromthealgae.Whatisthedistinctivefeatureofaseaslug?

A)Itlookslikebothaplantandananimal.

B)Itconvertssomeseaanimalsintoplants.

C)Itliveshalfonanimalsandhalfonplants.

D)Itgetsenergyfrombothfoodandsunlight.Whatenablestheseaslugtolivelikeaplant?

A)Thegenesitcapturesfromtheseaplantalgae.

B)Themechanismbywhichitconservesenergy.

C)Thenutrientsithijacksfromotherspecies.

D)Thegreenpigmentitinheritsfromitsancestors.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutbabyseaslugs?

A)Theycanlivewithoutsunlightforalongtime.

B)Theycanabsorbsunlightrightaftertheirbirth.

C)Theycansurvivewithoutalgaeforquitesometime.

D)Theycanproducechlorophyllontheirown.54.WhatdoesSidneyPiercesayaboutgenesformanalga?

A)Theyarestolenfromanimalsliketheseaslug.

B)Theycan'tfunctionunlessexposedtosunlight.

C)Theydon'tusuallyfunctioninsideanimalcells.

D)Theycanreadilybeconvertedtoseasluggenes.55.Whatdowelearnaboutseaslugsfromthepassage?A)Theybehavethewaymostplantspeciesdo.B)Theycansurviveformonthswithouteating.

C)Theywillturnintoplantswhentheymature.

D)Theywillstarvetodeathwithoutsunlight.PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是，姓总是在前，名跟在其后。千百年来，父姓一直世代相传。然而，如今，孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说，名有一个或两个汉字，通常承载父母对孩子的愿望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人，或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视给孩子取名，因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。2019年12月大学英语四级考试真题解析（一）PartIWritingDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoaforeignfriendwhowantstoteachEnglishinChina.Pleaserecommendacitytohim.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.审题分析从体裁上看，这道题考查的是四级写作中出题概率较低的应用文－信件。此前，四级真题中考查过的应用文有信件、广告和新闻报道这三种形式。在2019年6月的四级考试中，刚刚考查过应用文的书写，本次四级考试再次考查，也证明了四六级考试的反押题倾向－很多教育机构和学生认为上次刚考过，这次肯定不会再考，结果出题人偏偏逆之而行，导致很多没有准备应用文的同学无从下笔。对于押题的套路与反套路，我们只有掌握了各种类型作文的写法，夯实语言基础，才能无所畏惧，从容应对四级写作。从话题上看，这道题涉及的是考生较为熟悉的教育类话题，要求我们给想要教中文的外国友人推荐一座城市。用于描述话题的单词都比较简单，审题没有障碍。虽然题意比较清楚，但考生仍要注意信件类作文的特殊结构、格式和语体。信件包含称呼、正文、结束语和签名四个部分。根据英文信件的规范格式：称呼应当位于信件的左上角，后跟逗号；结束语和签名位于信件的右下角，其中结束语也需要后跟逗号。另外，根据收件人的不同，信件也分为公务信函和私人信函。这些都是信件类作文的得分点，如果以上内容出现错误，必定会影响作文的整体得分。结合本题，题目要求考生给外国朋友写信，因此这封信件属于私人信函。无论信件的类型如何，考生都需要格外注意信件类作文的一大特点－礼貌，在书写时尽量做到彬彬有礼。写作提纲1.第一段交代写信背景，表明写信目的－推荐城市。2.第二段详细介绍推荐理由：1)上海教育发展走在前沿，英语教师需求大；2)上海有许多外籍教师，可以交友相处，避免孤独思乡；3)上海风景秀丽，美食众多，适宜游览生活。3.第三段使用客套话，望推荐被采纳，并祝福对方。范文写作①DearEric,②KnowingthatyouarecomingtoChinatoteachEnglish,IwanttowriteyouthislettertorecommendthecityofShanghaiasthebestchoiceforyourteachingpractice.③Thereasonsformyrecommendationmainlylieinthefollowingaspects.④Tobeginwith,ShanghaiisametropolisattheforefrontofthemodernizationandinternationalizationofChina'seducation.ThemassivedemandforqualifiedEnglishteachersmakesiteasiertofindajobwithagoodsalaryinaprofessionalenvironment.⑤Additionally,therearemanyforeignteacherslivinginthiscitysothatyoucandistractyourselffromoccasionallonelinessbymakingfriendswiththem.⑥Lastbutnotleast,themodernShanghaistillretainsbothbeautifulsceneriesofwatersideandtastyfoodoftraditionalChinesestyle,whichmakesthecityaworth-visitingplace.⑦SinceShanghaiisaperfectplatformforyourEnglishteachingcareer,Irecommendittoyouwithallmyheart.⑧IamlookingforwardtoseeingyouinShanghai.⑨Wishyouabrightfuture!Yourssincerely,LiMing范文点评①信件左上角写称呼，私人信件一般使用“Dear+人名”的形式，并加上逗号。②信件开头段交代背景并表明写作目的。“Knowingthat...”是分词做状语的形式，“Iwanttowriteyouthislettertorecommend...”是推荐信开头表明写信目的的模板句型。③主体段开始介绍推荐的具体理由。这句话是主体段的总领句，用于引出下文。④该句介绍推荐的第一个理由：上海是大都市，教育发展先进。“attheforefrontof...”这一短语的意思是“在······前沿”。⑤该句介绍推荐的第二个理由：上海的外籍教师多，可以交朋友避免寂寞。“distractsb.from...”这一短语意为“使某人从······分心”。⑥该句介绍推荐的第三个理由：上海景色优美，食物可口，适合游览。“whichmakesthecityaworth-visitingplace”是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整句话。⑦结尾段总结上文并再次重申写信目的。“since”在此处引导原因状语从句；“Irecommendittoyouwithallmyheart.”是推荐信的模板句型。⑧该句套用信件结尾段的常用句型“Iamlookingforwardto...”，注意这里的“to”是介词，后面要跟名词或者动名词。⑨信件最后为对方送上美好祝福。套用“Wishsb.sth.”这一句型。⑩信件右下角写结束语，常见的结束语有“Yourssincerely”“Yourstruly”“Yours”等等，注意结束语后面要加上逗号。信件右下角结束语下一行写签名，根据题目要求署名即可。精彩词汇recommendationn.推荐internationalizationn.国际化metropolisn.大都市massiveadj.大量的；巨大的qualifiedadj.合格的；有资格的occasionaladj.偶然的；临时的distractsb.from...使某人从······分心retainv.保留forefrontn.最前线；前沿watersiden.水边modernizationn.现代化platformn.平台范文翻译亲爱的艾瑞克：知道你要来中国教英语，我想要写这封信来向你推荐上海作为最适合你教学实践的选择。我推荐的理由主要有以下几个方面。首先，上海是一座大都市，走在中国教育现代化和国际化的前沿。对于有资质的英语教师的需求，使得你很容易找到一个在专业环境下有着良好薪资待遇的工作。此外，有许多的外国教师生活在上海，你可以和他们交朋友，缓解偶尔的孤独。最后同样重要的一点是，现代化的上海仍然保留着水乡的美丽风景，有着可口的传统中式美食，这令这座城市成为了一个值得参观的地方。鉴于上海是你教授英语事业的绝佳平台，我真心向你推荐它。我期待着在上海见到你。祝愿你前程似锦！你真诚的，李明PartIIListeningComprehensionSectionANewsReportOneNewYorkCitypolicecapturedacowonthelooseinProspectParkonTuesdayaftertheanimalbecameanattractionfortouristswhilewalkingalongthestreetsandenjoyingtheparkfaciliti