中考英语语法专题4：数词

语法专题：数词【考点点拨】【考点1】基数词1.基数词的构成构成例子(1)基数词1~12十一________十二_________(2)基数词13~19基本都由基数词3~9加后缀-teen构成十三________十四_________十五_________十八________(3)基数词20~90之间的整十基数,基本都由基数词2~9加后缀-ty构成三十________四十________五十________八十________(4)基数词21~99之间的非整十基数由十位数加个位数构成,中间必须有连字符(-)二十一____________四十三_____________七十五_____________(5)百位数以上的基数词的写法:在个位和十位之间加连字符,在百位与十位之间加and,千、百之间不加任何东西785_______________________________________1264_______________________________________2.基数词的用法(1)1以上的基数词放在可数名词前,名词要用复数形式。例如：_________________________________________________在房间里有一个苹果和两个香蕉。(2)“基数词+名词”构成复合形容词时,数词和名词之间应用连字符“-”连接;数词大于1时,名词只能用单数形式。例如：_________________________________________________我们将有一个两周的假期。(3)hundred,thousand,million,billion的用法①这些词前有确定数字,或afew,some,many等修饰词时,不管数字多少,这些词都不能加s。________________________一百辆汽车________________________三千个苹果②这些词前没有确定数字时,这些词都要加s，后接of______________________________成百上千的学生________________________________成千上万的书籍3.表达年、月、日(1)年和年代用基数词,多用阿拉伯数字表示,需注意读法。表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”,用逢十的基数词的复数。1998读作:________________________在80年代:________________________在他80多岁时:________________________表示“某日”,书写形式可以用基数词,也可以用序数词;读数时一般按序数词形式。英语年、月、日的排列顺序为:月→日→年或日→月→年。如果用of结构只能是:日→月→年。2017年8月8日:August8(th),2017/8(th)August,2017/the8thofAugust,20174.表达编号编号的表示法:①名词(首字母大写)+基数词(首字母大写)②名词(首字母大写)+阿拉伯数字③the+序数词(首字母小写)+名词(首字母小写)________________=Unit5=the________________第五单元________________=Unit5=________________=Page4第四页5.表达时刻(1)表示“时刻”,一般用基数词。数词前用介词at。表示整点时,数词后可接o’clock______________________—12:00半点之前的时间常用past,表示“几点过了几分”;______________________—12:20半点之后的时间常用to,表示“差几分到几点”;______________________—12:40半小时用half;______________________—10:30一刻钟用quarter。______________________—6:45顺读法：先读小时后读分钟______________________—7:246.表达年龄用法例子(1)一般直接用基数词表示。Her

daughter

is

eighteen.她的女儿18岁。(2)用“基数词+year(s)

old”表示。Her

daughter

is

eighteen

years

old.她的女儿18岁。(3)“基数词-名词单数-old”也可以构成复合形容词,表示“……岁的”_______________________________________________________.一个3岁的小男孩正在打篮球。【考题链接】Pleaseturntopage_________andtakealookatthepictureonit.theeightiethB.eightiethC.eightiesD.eightyWegaveaway________bookstotheschoollibrarylastyear.sixthousandsB.sixthousandsofC.sixthousandD.sixthousandof3.TheCCTVprogramTheReadersinterests________peopleofallagesA.thousandB.thousandsC.thousandsofD.thousandof4._________wonthematchintheend.A.ClassThirdB.ThirdClassC.ClassThreeD.ThreeClass5.Ourcountryisnearly_________yearsold.We'llcelebrateits_________birthdayonOctoberl2019aroundthecountry.A.seventy,seventyB.seventieth，seventyC.seventy,seventiethD.seventieth，seventieth【考点2】序数词1.序数词的构成构成例子(1)第一、第二、第三特殊记。第一________第二________第三________(2)第四至第十九分别在相对应的基数词后加-th。第四________第五________第十二________(3)21~99等数的序数词只需把相应的基数词的个位数变为序数词。第二十一________(4)20~90整十数的序数词由相应的基数词去y加-ieth构成。第二十________第三十________2.序数词的基本用法构成例子(1)序数词修饰名词时,前面一般要加定冠词the或者物主代词。____________________________________________一月份是一年中的第一个月(2)表示“再一”“又一”的意思时,序数词前一般用不定冠词a/an。Thoughhefailedtwice,hewouldliketotry________________尽管他失败了2次，他还想试第3次表达分数。分数的构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词。分子是“1”时,分子、分母都用单数形式;分子的数目大于“1”时,分母必须用复数形式。三分之一：_______________三分之二：_______________五分之四：_______________(4)世纪年代的表达法18世纪:_______________________20世纪90年代:_______________________【考题链接】()1.Weareproudofourcountry.Theyear2019isher________birthday.A.seventyB.theseventyC.theseventiethD.seventieth()2.Nowadays__________peoplelikeHUAWEIphonesbetter,andabout________ofthemareadults.A.thenumberof,four-fifthsB.anumberof,four-fifthsC.anumberof,four-fifthD.thenumberof,four-five()3.About_________ofourclassmateswearglassesinourclass.A.threefourthB.thirdfourthsC.thirdfourthD.threequarters()4.Althoughwefailedtwice,Iwanttohave________.thethirdtryB.thirdtryC.athirdtryD.threetry【真题回顾】()1.It’snevertoooldtolearn.KarlMarxbegantolearnEnglishinhis_________.A.thefiftieth B.fiftieth C.fifty D.fifties()2.Thisisverydifferentfromthesituation________yearsagowhenpeoplecouldonlyusetheireyes.

A.thousand B.thousands C.thousandof D.thousandsof()3.Weareproudofourcountry.Theyear2019isher________birthday.

A.seventy B.theseventy C.theseventieth D.seventieth()4.Accordingtoasurvey,fouroutoffivewomendohouseworkathome,butonly________ofmenwoulddoit.

A.fourfifthB.fourfifths C.twofifth D.twofifths()5.Chinaisacountrywithahistoryofaboutfive________years.

And________oftouristsvisititeveryyear.

A.thousand;thousand B.thousands;thousandsC.thousand;thousands D.thousands;thousand()6.Myaunthasonlyonechild,andshewants________child.

A.thesecond B.asecond C.two D.thetwo()7.—WhenwastheCommunistPartyofChinafounded?—In1921.It’sher________birthdaythisyear.

A.hundred B.hundredth C.hundredsof D.thehundredth()8.—Susan,howmanywomenteachersarethereinyourschool?—Inourschool,________oftheteachers________womenteachers.

A.thirdfourth;are B.thirdfourth;isC.threefo