高级写作教程-雅思主流写作题型之观点判断型

雅思主流写作题型之

观点判断型组合作文法-审题（topicinterpretation）

Thiskindofargumentativeessayrequiresclearthinking,preparation,andaconcise(non-waffly)writingstyle.

目前雅思主流写作4题型A.Argumentation（观点辩论型）

(1)利弊题（Advantagesordisadvantages）

(2)两种/多种选择权衡题（TWOoptions）

(3)观点判断题（opinions/comments）

B．Discussion（事实讨论型）Introductionahotissue(Introduction,firstparagraph);findoutpossibleexplanations(depends,secondparagraph);analyzeitsimpactonsociety(detailed,bothsides,thirdpara);suggestfeasibleapproachestoit(correspondingtoprevious).

表现形式Towhatextentdoyouagree(ordisagree)?Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.Howfardoyouagree(ordisagree)?What’syouropiniontowardsthestatement?Discussbothopinions/statements(andgiveyourownone).题目示例2009年1月10日

Somepeoplebelievetherangeoftechnologyavailabletoindividualstodayisincreasingthegapbetweenpoorpeopleandrichpeople.Othersthinkitishavinganoppositeeffect.Discussthesepointsofview.Whatisyouropinion?2009年2月7日Richcountriesoftengivefinancialaidtopoorcountries,butitdoesnotsolvethepoverty,sorichcountriesshouldgiveothertypesofhelptothepoorcountriesratherthanthefinancialaid.

Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?2009年2月12日Developmentintechnologycausesenvironmentalproblems.Somepeoplebelievethesolutionintheseproblemsiseveryoneacceptsasimplerwayoflife,whileotherssaythattechnologycansolvetheseproblems.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.2009年2月21日Somethinkthattheseenvironmentalproblemsaretoobigforindividualstobesolved,whileothersthinkthatindividualscannotsolvetheseenvironmentalproblemsunlesstheymakesomeaction.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.

2009年2月28日Somepeoplebelievethatimprovepublichealthshouldincreasethenumberofsportsfacilities;othersbelievethatithaslittleeffectsandneedothermeasurestoimproveit.Discussbothviewsandgiveyouropinion.2009年3月7日Somepeoplethinkmusicplaysanimportantroleinsociety.Othersthinkitisitissimplyaformofentertainment.Discussbothsidesofthisargumentandgiveyourownopinion.观点判断型话题细分观点判断题又通常分为两类。一种是观点陈述分正反两派。如：2009年4月25日SomepeoplethinkthatcomputersandtheInternetaremoreimportantforachild'seducationthangoingtoschool.Butothersbelievethatschoolsandteachersareessentialforchildrentolearneffectively.Discussbothviewsandgiveyourownopinion.另一种是题目中只提一种观点立场。如：2009年3月21日Somepeoplethinkitismoreimportanttospendpublicmoneyonpromotinghealthylifestyleinordertopreventillnessthantospenditonthetreatmentforpeoplewhoarealreadyill.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?2009年4月18日Ifaproductisgoodoritmeetspeopleneeds,peoplewillbuyit.SoadvertisingisunnecessaryandnomorethananentertainmentTowhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?解题步骤一：审题善于把握题目中的关键字词：形容词—对问题定性：如Moreimportant/essential；Necessary/unnecessary动词+名词组合—引出具体问题/某种行为：介词或副词—界定问题/行为的具体范围/对象/前提.解题步骤二：确定基调根据自己的立场对题目中的观点进行是/非，对/错的评判。一边倒：对题目观点完全的赞同或否定对称型：对题目观点既有赞同也有不赞同的部分，不过可偏向某一方立场。注意:正反观点都有的题目通常只能写对称型的论文.如题目通常都会说Discussbothviews/sidesofthisargumentandgiveyourownopinion.解题步骤三：一边倒的段落安排第一段：复述观点（不能照抄），初步表明自己的立场；第二段：理由1；第三段：理由2，若有其他理由可在该段末简单带过；第四段：总结，并呼应段首观点。解题步骤三：对称型的段落安排第一段：复述观点，表明自己大概立场第二段/第三段：同意/反对的主要观点各写一段（可举1-3，视难易程度决定，但长度要合适，轻重程度排序得当）。两种观点的顺序可自由调换。不过建议养成自己的习惯以免临时决定浪费时间。同之前利弊型一样,如果某一个观点论得比较透的话,同意/反对可以只着重讲一个,其他带过.说明：根据自己的立场决定写作时掌握何派观点的篇幅，以及语气强弱。第四段：结论，强调自己的观点偏好。解题示范1：一边倒式论文首段模板开头段：介绍两派观点，并直接点明自己的立场.背景介绍之后.Amultitudeofpeopleholdthebeliefthat观点A，whileothersdisagree.Theycontendthat观点B.AsfarasIamconcerned/frommypointofview/asIseeit,Ibelievethatthefirst/secondargumentholdsmorewater.一边倒式论文论述段套句第二段第一句：引出具体论据TherearenumerousreasonswhyIholdthisopinion,andIwouldexploreafewofthemostimportantonesinthisessay.接着讲第一个理由：firstly/tostartwith/inthefirstplace/foronething….理由1；第三段：secondly/then/moreover/what’smore/foranotherthing/apartfromtheabove-mentionedfactor/reason,…理由2。一边倒式论文总结段模板Fromwhathasbeendiscussed,itisnotdifficultforustodrawtheconclusionthat自己观点成立。Basedontheabovediscussionandanalysis,wecancometotheconclusionthat/itiseasytosee自己观点成立。Tosumup/insummary/tosummarizeInbrief/inshort/inanutshell一边倒论文的另一种写法开头段不变第二段写一点反方观点的理由1；Despiteof/eventhough作一个让步转折，开始第三段写支持已方观点成立的理由1，2(二、三段其实可调换次序，道理不变）总结段不变。解题示范2：对称式论文首段模板开头段：介绍两派观点，但对双方都部分认可，因此观点“引而不发”.Somepeopleholdthebeliefthat观点A，whileothersdisagree.Theycontendthat观点B.AsfarasIamconcerned,bothsidesoftheargumenthavesomestrongpointsandsoundreasons.对称式论文论述段套句第二段：Ontheonehand,A观点成立forthefollowingreasons:(firstly/inthefirstplace/tobeginwith;furthermore,moreover,what’smore,secondly等列举过渡词在二三段的应用）第三段：Ontheotherhand,B观点成立because:1,2.对称式论文总结段模板Fromwhathasbeendiscussed,itcanbeseenthatthereiscertaindegreeoftruthinbothofthearguments.Personallyspeaking,Itendtosidewiththeformer/latteropinion/ideathat观点A/观点B相对更有道理。观点判断型题目必背词汇有道理:reasonable,sound,holdthewater,make(more)sense,logical,justifiedSuchbehaviorisjustifiedonthesegrounds.没道理:unreasonable,doesnotholdthewater,makenosense,illogical,unjustified,groundless,认为:查看笔记观点:idea/notion/belief/argument/opinion/view/viewpoint/standpoint/stance.争议:controversy;debate,argument;disagreement;divergence;范文赏析2006.10.29Somepeoplesaythattheincreasingbusinessandculturalcontactbetweencountriesisapositivedevelopment,whileothersthinkthatmanycountrieswilllosetheirnationalidentities.Discussbothsidesandgiveyouropinion.

题目分析:观点分析型(但不适合一边倒,适合对称型,因为两派的观点都有道理.关键词:(引)increasingbusinessandculturalcontact;(论)positivedevelopment/losenationalidentities.Theworldtodayischaracterizedbythefreeflowofinformationandcommodity.Thefrequentinteractionandgrowinginterdependenceamongcountrieshaveendedthedaysofregionalisolationandabsolutenationalsovereignty(背景介绍,完全不用模板,接着引出所讨论问题),buttheyhavealsosparkedoffsharpcontroversiesoverthepositiveandnegativeimpactsthataglobalculturecanbringintoourlife.(名词性从句及定语从句计数:1)Somepeoplesaythat(宾语从句)thewideninginternationalexchanges,bothinthefieldofbusinessandculture,haveexertedpositiveinfluencesonanationaswellasitspeople.(改写题目正方观点原句).Tobeginwith,theypromotebusinesscooperationamongnations.(‘经济原则’)Forexample,largemultinationalcompaniesspreadthelatesttechnologiesandexperiencearoundtheworld,andinternationaltradehashelpedsomanylessdevelopedeconomiesgrow(‘经济/技术’原则,例证法).Also,theyenrichpeople’slivesbecausepeopleofonenationaregivenopportunitiesthroughinternationaltourism,exhibitionsandfairs,TVprogramsandfilms,etc,toenjoytheachievementsofotherculturesacrosstheglobe.(名词性从句及定语从句计数:1)However,otherpeoplearguethat(宾语从句)theseconditionsalsocreatethepossibledangerofunderminingacountry’snationalidentity(改写题目反方观点原句).Inthefirstplace,traditionalculturesmightfallvictimtoaglobalmediaandentertainmentforce.Thisismostevidentinsomepartsoftheworld(定语从句)where“Americanization”isthreateningthepreservationoftheirindigenousculture.InChinaforinstance,fewyoungsterslikeorunderstand“PekingOpera”,thequintessenceofChineseculture;theygoforHollywoodmoviesandrockmusicinstead.Moreover,intheprocessofglobalization,theworldisgettinglesslinguisticallydiverse,asagrowingnumberofpeoplegiveuptheirnativelanguageforthedominantlanguageintheworld-English.(文化原则/引证法)(名词性从句及定语计数:2)Frommypointofview,bothargumentsarethetruereflectionsofthepossibleconsequencesofanincreasingeconomicandculturalinteractionamongnations.Itboostseconomicintegrationandspeedsupmodernizationbutalsocreatestensionsbetweenaglobalcultureandacountry’snationalidentity.Therefore,weshouldtaketheinitiativeinfightingtoprotectourdistinctcultureandidentityfrombeingsubmergedbyotherculturaloreconomicinfluences.(名词性从句及定语计数:0)名词性从句计数:4句.其中宾语从句2句,定语从句2句.观点计数:正方两点;反方两点意思的表达主要依靠动词词组及非谓语动词的使用,以及状语从句.Nowadays,internationaltourismisoneofthebiggestindustryintheworld.Unfortunately,itcreatestensionratherthanunderstandingbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?

题目类型:观点分析型关键点:(引)internationaltourism;(论)tensionvs.understanding.解题方向:最好还是对称型而非一边倒.用一边倒的写法对思路的获取及论证的把握要求较高.本范文另辟奚径,用一边倒手法论述,可学习一下其写作技巧.Theboomingtouristtradehasbroughtaboutmassexchangeofpopulationbetweendifferentnations.(背景介绍)Atfirstglance,thisbridgestheunderstandingandcommunicationbetweendifferentcultures(引出题目某一方观点,看似表示同意).Inmyopinion(但话锋一转,引出作者的真正立场),however,thisfast-growingindustryhasproducedtensionbetweenpeoplefromdifferentculturalbackground.(改写所选取立场的原句)(从句计数:0)

Thefirstbarrierforcurioustouristsfromallovertheworldistheproblemoflanguage.Themostattractivedestinationsoftourismare,ironically,lessdevelopedareas(定语从句)wheretheworldlanguage---English,hasnotbeenprevalent.Therefore,thedirectcontactbetweentouristsandlocalresidentshasbeencutdown.Thetourguide,normallyinterpretertoo,becomestheonlylinkofcommunication.Butunfortunately,asindicatedinanyguide-traininghandbook,theresponsibilityofatourguideistoarousethetourists’interestandpassionratherthanpresentalectureonculturaldifference.Thus,tourists,beyondtheirexpectations,cannotfullyunderstandthecultures(定语从句)whichappearstobeexotic.

Anotherobstacleisfromthelocalgovernment.AsIarguebefore,inmostofcase,the‘local’referstothelessdevelopedregions.Inordertoattractforeigninvestmentandmaintainthelocaltourismindustry,theofficials,deliberatelyornot,onlyhopetoshowoutsidersthepositivesideofthearea,hence,thepartoflocalliving.Asaresult,conductedtoursarecarefullycensored.Thetourists,or‘prisoners’tosomeextent,areallowedtoseeonly(宾语从句)whattheorganizerswantthemtoseeandnomore.Awindow-shopschedulegivesnoopportunitytowanderoffonone’sown.Inthisway,evenforaknowledgeabletravelerwithpracticalexperiencecanonly‘see’thesuperficialofthelocalculture.Ifso,aninstantmisunderstandingwillbefalselyshaped.

Allthingsconsidered,theinternationaltourismcontributesabsolutelynothingtoincreasingunderstanding.Instead,initswayasitistoday,ahideousprejudiceandmisinterpretationwillbeestablished.从句计数:3个,1个宾语从句,两个定语从句;观点计数:仅有2个,一个是导游的局限性,没能够完