2021年上海高考英语冲刺模拟试卷（学生版+解析版）

2021年高考英语冲刺模拟试卷（上海）

I.ListeningComprehensionSectionA（第题，每题1分；第11・20题，每题1.5分；共25分）

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,

aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.After

youhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhich

oneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

1.A.Onaplane.B.Atthetailor's.C.Inahospital.D.Atagasstation.

2.A.5:45.B.6:45.C.7:45.D.8:45.

3.A.Hedidn'tknowCarolinewasinhospital.B.HetookCarolinetothehospital.

C.Heforgottocallthewoman.D.Heslippedonthewaytohospital.

4.A.ToworkinJuly.B.Toprintaform.

C.Togobacktoschool.D.Totakeavacation.

5.A.Hedroppedhisphone.B.Hehateslong-distancecalls.

C.Hiscallgotcutoff.D.Hismobileistoolong.

6.A.TheywillmeetAngelaontheway.B.Theywillhaveanearlystart.

C.Angelaisusuallyalatecomer.D.Angelamaynotcometomorrow.

7.A.Heisapersonofgenerosity.B.Heisinchargeofthedepartment.

C.Heisrathermeanonmoney.D.Hedoesn'tgetonwellwithcolleagues.

8.A.Teacherandstudent.B.Fatheranddaughter.

C.Shopassistantandcustomer.D.Bossandemployee.

9.A.ThereareseveralJacksinhisclass.

B.Jack'spersonalityhaschangedgreatly.

C.Jackhadreceivedtrainingondebate.

D.Jackwasnotlikelytowinthedebatecontest.

10.A.Hewasforcedtogotothecalligraphyexhibition.

B.Hefoundnointerestinthecalligraphyexhibition.

C.Hewaspooratinvestinginexhibitsofcalligraphy.

D.Watchingsoapoperasishisfavoriterecreation.

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillheasked

severalquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillberead

twice,hutthequestionswillhespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyour

paperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Toencourageitspeopletoretirelater.

B.Toimportmoregoodsfromabroad.

C.Togiveitspeopleadditionalsocialwelfare.

D.Tochangethelong-heldWesternprejudice.

12.A.Smallcompanies.B.Industrialists.

C.Tradeunions.D.Youngpeople.

13.A.Theyknowhowtospendmoney.

B.Theyareforcedoutoftheirclass.

C.Theholdthesamebeliefastheretired.

D.Theysupporttheirhardworkingparents.

Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Thereisagreatdifferencebetweenreadingandlistening.

B.Therearesomeeffectivewaystopracticeyourreadingskill.

C.Highlyeducatedandpoorlyeducatedpeoplehavedifferentreadinghabits.

D.Thespeedandefficiencyofreadinggreatlydependoncontentsandpurposes.

15.A.Theymoveveryfastthroughthetext.

B.Theyvarytheirspeedwhenreading.

C.Theyconcentrateonthekeywords.

D.Theyre-readthetextatleasttwice.

16.A.Tooslowforadifficultbookthoughjustrightforanon-seriousone.

B.Tooslowforanon-seriousbookbuttoofastforadifficultone.

C.Toofastfordifficultmaterialthoughjustrightforanon-seriousbook.

D.Toofastforanon-seriousbookaswellasforadifficultone.

Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.A.Inastudio.B.Inaclothingstore.

C.Atafancy-dressball.D.Atafashionshow.

18.A.Tostayforhalfayear.

B.Tolivethereforgood.

C.Tofindabetterjobtosupportherself.

D.TosellleathergoodsforaBritishcompany.

19.A.Designingfashionitemsforseveralcompanies.

B.Modelingforaworld-famousItaliancompany.

C.WorkingasanemployeeforFerragamo.

D.ServingasasalesagentforBurberry.

20.A.Ithasseenasteadydeclineinitsprofits.

B.Ithasbecomemuchmorecompetitive.

C.Ithaslostmanycustomerstoforeigncompanies.

D.Ithasattractedalotmoredesignersfromabroad.

II.GrammarandVocabulary（每题1分；共20分）

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammatically

correct.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheother

blanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

AlexMortonisatalentedwriterwholedaveryinterestinglife.Hewasbornin1945inManchester,andwas

the(21)(young)ofsixchildren.Fromthemomenthe(22)read,hewasneverwithoutabook

inhishands.Hewasakeenreaderthroughouthisschooldays,andhesoonshowedhistalentforwriting,too.Infact,

histeachersgavehimextraassignmentsjust(23)(be)abletoreadmoreofhiswork.

After(24)(leave)schoolhewenttoManchesterUniversity.BythetimehegothisBA,hehad

alreadypublishedanumberofshortstories,andhisfirstnovelwasalmostfinished.Overthenextfewyearshewrote

non-stopand(25)ofhisbookswasmoresuccessfulthanthelast.(26)

beingsobusywithhiswork,Alexstillfoundtimeforromance.Whileatuniversity,hemetFionaJones,

(27)laterbecamehiswife.Theyhavetwochildren.(28)(devote)tohisfamilylife,hehas

alwaysbeenagoodhusbandandfather.

AlexMortonhasbeenwritingovertwentybookssofarandhisnamehasbeenonthebest-sellerlistmoretimes

thanhecanremember.However,thepeakmomentofhiscareerwas(29)hewontheBookerPrizefor

Fictionin1995.Sincethen,Alexhascontinuedtowriteandmanyofhisbooks(30)(make)intofilms.

SectionB

Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethat

thereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.loyaltyB.memorableC.rationallyD.evolvedE.multidimensionalF.alternative

G.increasinglyH.identifiableI.objectiveJ.subconsciouslyK.utilize

HowSensoryMarketingWorks

Asanapproachthatappealstothesensesinsteadoflogic,sensorymarketingcanaffectpeopleinawaythat

traditionalmassmarketingcannot.Classicmassmarketingworksonthebeliefthatpeople—asconsumers—will

behave"31"whenfacedwithpurchasingdecisions.

Traditionalmarketingassumesthatconsumerswillsystematicallyconsiderconcreteproductfactorslikeprice,

features,andutility.Sensorymarketing,bycontrast,seeksto___32theconsumer'slifeexperiencesand

feelings.Theselifeexperienceshave33___sensory,emotional,cognitive,andbehavioralaspects.Sensory

marketingassumesthatpeople,asconsumers,willactaccordingtotheiremotionalimpulsesmorethantotheir

34reasoning.Inthisway,aneffectivesensorymarketingeffortcanresultinconsumerschoosingtobuy

acertainproduct,ratherthananequalbutlessexpensive35.

FortheHarvardBusinessReviewinMarch2015,sensorymarketingpioneerAradhnaKrishnawrote,<4Inthe

past,communicationswithcustomerswereessentiallymonologues-companiesjust'talkedat'consumers.Then

they36___intodialogues,withcustomersprovidingfeedback.Nowthey'rebecoming___37

conversations,withproductsfindingtheirownvoicesandconsumersresponding38tothem.^^

Sensorymarketingattemptstoensurelastingproductsuccessby:

•Identifying,measuring,andunderstandingconsumers*emotions

•Identifyingandcapitalizingonnewmarkets

•Ensuringfirstandrepeatedpurchases(brand39)

AccordingtoIowaStateUniversityProfessorJihyunSong,consumersrelatevariousbrandstotheirmost

40___experiences—goodandbad——withtheirbuyingbehaviorsdrivenby"storytellingandemotion.0Inthis

manner,sensorymarketersworktocreateemotionaltiesthatlinktheconsumertothebrand.

ILLReadingComprehension(41-55题，每题1分；56-70®,每题2分；共45分)

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillin

eachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Thenextgenerationofartificialintelligence(AI)promisestohaveanimpactasbigasthemobilerevolutionor

theinternetrevolution.Thepositiveopportunitybeforeusisvirtually___41__-butforAItomeetitsvastpotential,

itwillrequiretheright___42___.

AIisalreadyrevolutionizingourlives.Butthoughcomputerscanassistus,theyarenotlikeus.Ourhealthof

experiencegivesuscreativity—butitalsomakesusvulnerabletoaccumulating.Consciousandunconsciousbiases

(偏见).43,AIsystemstodayreceivetheir“training“usingveryspecificcollectionsofrelevantdata.These

datasetscanbelargebutareinherentlymuchmore___44___thanhumanexperience.Thatcanbea(n)___45____

AIdoesnothavethecomplexemotionsthatguidehumandecisionmaking,soitcould___46___mostifnotallof

theseinherentbiases.

BasedonpreviousworkinvolvedinAIresearch,webelievethatmakersofAIshould___47___thefollowing

principles.First,AIshouldbenefitthemany,notthefew.Inpracticalterms,itispossibleforAItohelpthedoctor

andthepatient,thebusinessandtheemployee.Asasociety,weshouldmakeuseofthis___48___andensurethat

AIalwaysaimsforthecommongood.

Second,AIresearchanddevelopmentshouldbeopen,responsibleandsocially__49___.Aswecontinue

developingAI,newquestionswillcontinuetoarise,andwewillneedtoanswerthem50,including

everyonefromengineersandscientiststophilosophersandactivists.Inparticular,thosewhoseindustrieswill

51asresultofAIwillneedtobepartofthisglobalconversation.

Third,thosewhodesignAIshouldestablishbestpracticestoavoidundesirableoutcomes.Isasystemdoing

whatweneed.Arewetrainingisusingtherightdata?Havewethoughtthroughthewayanysystemmightyield

52sideeffects—anddowehaveaplantocorrectforthis?Thereshouldbechecksystemsthat

53whetheranAIsystemisdoingwhatitwasbuilttodo.

Wearebuildingtoolsthathumanscontrol.AIwillreflectthevaluesofthosewhobuildit.Ultimatelyour

54forAIistogivepeoplemorechoicesabouthowtheylivetheirlives.Underourcontrol,itcantakethe

drudgery(辛苦乏味的)outofworkandfreeupmanymorehoursforcreativepursuits.And55properly

andcooperatively,AIcouldhelpbringaboutsolutionstotheworld'smostcomplexproblems.

41.A.limitlessB.timelessC.tirelessD.hopeless

42.A.changeB.conflictC.approachD.access

43.A.ForexampleB.IncontrastC.AsaresultD.Inaddition

44.A.diverseB.restrictedC.advancedD.unreliable

45.A.aspectB.boomC.advantageD.downside

46.A.wayB.justifyC.challengeD.avoid

47.A.objecttoB.sticktoC.refertoD.taketo

48.A.potentialB.benefitC.principlesD.research

49.A.attachedB.engagedC.touchedD.launched

50.A.practicallyB.enthusiasticallyC.consciouslyD.cooperatively

51.A.changeB.depressC.relieveD.enrich

52.A.unintendedB.reasonableC.informativeD.feasible

53.A.releaseB.inferC.evaluateD.qualify

54.A.likelihoodB.dreamC.challengeD.enthusiasm

55.A.appliedB.createdC.demonstratedD.adapted

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccording

totheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

SandraBoynton,achildren'sauthor,hasinmorerecentyearsbranchedoutintokidsmusic.Hermostrecent

albumHogWild!,forexample,featuresSamuelL.JacksonasaTyrannosaurusRex.Shetalkedinaninterviewabout

howtotapintokids*imaginationsandhowtomakescarythingslessthreateningforthem.

Inyouryearsofwritingandillustratingchildren'sbooks,haveyounoticedanythingthatreallysparksa

child'simagination?

Ithinkmaybethere9snobasicdifferencebetweenwhatfascinatesachildandwhatfascinatestherestofus.

We'realldrawntothingsthatwakeusup,thingsthatgrabourattentionthroughourhearingoroursightoroursense

oftouch.We'recuriousabouttheworldasitis,andwe'recuriousaboutwhatcouldbe.Imaginationfollowscuriosity

prettynaturally.

Itdoesn'tfeeltomelikeit'sbeenalongtimethatI'vebeendrawingandwritingthings.Itdoesn'tfeellikea

shorttime,either.ItjustfeelslikewhatIdo.Imakethings.TmapermanentKindergartner,Iguess.

YouoftentakeathreateningfigurelikeaTyrannosaurusRexoramonsterandmakehimcute.Doyou

haveanysuggestionsforhowtomakechildrenlessafraidofthings?

Actually,Ithinkkidskindoflikebeingafraidofthings,aslongassomeonecalmisrighttherewithreassurance.

Hugginghelps.

Whathaveyoulearnedaboutchildhoodfromwritingkids'books?

Accessingchildhoodhasactuallyneverbeenthathard.It'sadulthoodthat5sstillperplexing.Iwouldguessthat

mostchildren'sbookwritersarethatway.I'mreallywritingbooksandmakingmusicformyownchild-self.But

I'mcertainlydelightedandgratefulthatmybooksworkforpeopleotherthanjustme.Itkeepsmefromhavingto

findanactualjob.

Alotofauthorsareworriedthatchildrenspendtoomuchtimeondigitaldevicesratherthanwithbooks,

butyouseemtohaveembracedit.Why?

Whentheinteractivebookappuniversewasnew,Iwas,asacreatorofthings,curious.Mybackgroundis

theater,andIthoughtitcouldbeinterestingtotrytofigureouthowtocreatecontentthat9sboththeater-likeand

book-like.Ifoundasuperbpartnerinthis,theinsanelyingeniousLoudCrowInteractiveinVancouver.Weworked

intensivelytogetherforacoupleofyearsandmadefiveverycoolapps.I'mproudofthem.Butnow,havingtoo

oftenseenveryyoungkidssittingidly,staringatscreens,Ihavemydoubts.

56.WhatdoesSandraBoyntonthinkaboutimagination?

A.Itfascinatesbothadultsandchildren.

B.Itcanbewakenupbyattentiontosenses.

C.Itcanbenaturallyarousedoutofcuriosity.

D.Itlastsforlonginapermanentkindergartner.

57.Whenwritingchildren'sbooks,Sandra.

A.findsherselfconfusedaboutrememberingchildhood

B.agreeswithotherbookwritersthatwritingishard

C.putsherselfinachild'splaceandthinkslikeachild

D.isdelightedthatshedoesn'tneedtofindanotherjob

58.Sandrathinkstheappsshemadewithherpartnerwerecoolbecausetheywere,

A.newwaystoincreaseinteractionsbetweenusers

B.interactivebycombiningtheatreandbook

C.beneficialwiththecontentboththeatre-likeandbook-like

D.createdbyaninsanelyingeniousexpertandfriend

59.Wecanconcludefromtheinterviewthat.

A.Sandraisgoodatmakingathreateningfigurecute

B.kidsarealwayscalminsteadofbeingafraidofthings

C.digitaldeviceshavebeenembracedbymostoftheauthors

D.therewerenointeractivebookappsbeforeSandra9sapps

(B)

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(C)

Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarming

climate,accordingtoanewstudy.

Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Because

ofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Ocean

colourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewill

fuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean's

appearance.

Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxideintotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.

Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobal

climate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Wanningchangeskeycharacteristicsof

theoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,but

alsonutrients.

StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojects

changestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiplechangestothe

colouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecome

evenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,

andtheseareaswillturngreener.€4Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging,shesaid,“but

thetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”

Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfrom

theocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,"itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.^^Thosekindsofchangescould

affectthefoodchain.

Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualand

unnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges."It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthe

changesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwill

beoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.

63.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?

A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.

B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.

C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.

D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.

64.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Sensitive.B.Beneficial.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.

65.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.

B.Dutkiewicz^modelaimstoavoidphytoplanktonchanges.

C.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.

D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.

66.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.

B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.

C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.

D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentence

canbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.

A.WhatyouYebornwithisn'twhatyou'restuckwith.

B.Wherethedifferencewasobservedwasinconnectivity.

C.Anothermorecomplicatedmnemonic（助记忆符）techniqueiscalledamindpalace.

D.Traininginmethodoflocicanphysicallychangethewayapersonremembers.

E.Eatingandsleepingrightwillleadtooptimalbrainfunction,theflow-oneffectofwhichisabetter

memory.

F.Theimprovedmemoryobservedaftermnemonictrainingpersistsforaslongas4monthsafter

trainingconcludes.

Lifewouldbealotsweeterifyouwereamemoryathlete.Mostofushowever,arenotwiredthatway.But

don'tbediscouraged:thankstoneuroplasticity,anyonecantranscendtheirfalliblememory.

_____67_____

Thereareafewrelativelysimplethingsapersoncandotohelpimprovetheirmemoryfunction.Firstup,

thebasics:thefoundationofgoodmemoryisgoodhealth.68

Thentherearemoredeliberateapproacheslikepracticingmnemonics.Amnemonicdeviceisatrick

designedtomakerememberingthingseasier.Soinsteadofrememberingtobuyeggs,rice,applesanddogfood,

itmightbeeasiertothinkofREAD,whichstandsforrice,eggs,apples,anddogfood.Thisistheacrosticmethod.

69Let'susethesameshoppinglistasanexample.Insteadoffocusingontheword'rice,'this

techniqueworksbyfocusingontheimageofricethrownonthegroundinayard.Foreggs,pictureahenpecking

attherice,followedbyanearbytreeofappleblossoms,thepetalsfallingaroundthehen,fallingonasleeping

dog.Oncetheinterconnectedsceneiscreatedit'sasimplevisualtoeaseyourwayaroundthehallsofthe

grocerystorewithnolistneeded.Thistechnique,whereyoubaseamemoryaroundvisualimages,ismore

formallycalled'methodofloci'.

ArecentstudypublishedinNeuronhasunearthedsomeinterestinginsightsaboutthebrainsofcompetitive

memorizers.Theresearchersinvited23oftheworld'stop50memoryathletestohavetheirbrainsscannedin

reststates,andwhileperformingmemorytests,andmatchedeachchampiontoacontrolparticipant.

Anatomically,thescansshowedtherewasnodifferenceinbrainstructureorregionsizebetweenthegroups.

70Andwhat'smore,aftertheygavethe'naive1controlgrouptraininginthemethodofloci,theirneural

connectivitybegantolookmorelikethatofthepros.

IV.SummaryWriting（10分）

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomore

than60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Muchoftheworkintoday'sworldisaccomplishedinteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreat

teamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtop

talent.Istheirmoneywellspent?

Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballand

baseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,

butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam'sperfbnnancebeginsto

decline.Interestingly,thistrendisn'tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingthe

team'sperformance.

Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateam

requiresitsmemberstocoordinatetheiractions.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballand

basketball.Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludet