中式英语之鉴

PartOne

UnnecessaryWordsI.UnnecessaryNounsandVerbsUnnecessaryNounsRedundant—thesenseisalreadyincludedorimpliedinsomeotherelementofthesentenceEx.A:toacceleratethepaceofeconomicreformB:toaccelerateeconomicreform(‘Toaccelerate’=‘toincreasethepaceof’)A:weshouldadoptaseriesofmeasurestoensure…B:weshouldadoptmeasurestoensure…(pluralformcoversthesenseofa‘series’)Less-easy-to-identifynounsEx.A:followingtherealizationofmechanizationandelectrificationofagricultureB:followingthemechanizationandelectrificationofagricultureA:thekeytothesolutionliesinthecurtailmentofexpenditureThesolutionistocurtailexpenditureCategoryNounsEx.A:reforminthesphereoftheeconomyB:reformsintheeconomy(or:economicreforms)A:toensurearelationshipofclosecooperationbetween…B:toensureclosecooperationbetween…UnnecessaryVerbsInChinglish,mostunnecessaryverbsoccurinphrases.Unnec.V.+N.A:theyshouldconductacarefulexaminationof…B:theyshouldcarefullyexamine…A:tobringaboutachangeinthisstateofaffairsB:tochangethisstateofaffairsMostexamplesinpassivevoiceA:approvalshouldbegiventoalltheseprojectsB:alltheseprojectsshouldbeapprovedA:grainrationingwasimplementedB:grainwasrationedDiscuss‘MAKE’phraseTomakeaninvestigationoftoinvestigateTomakeadecisiontotodecidetoTomakeeffortstototry(orattemptto)Tomakeananalysisoftoanalyze2.Unnec.V.+N.+thirdword(N.)Ex.A:ourtroopsusedthemethodofslowadvanceB:ourtroopsadvancedslowlyA:weadoptedthepolicyofwithdrawalB:wewithdrewA:thismeasurewillhavearestrictiveeffectontheactivitiesofspeculatorsB:thismeasurewillrestricttheactivitiesofspeculatorsOverworkedintroductoryverbphrasesDiscussA:Itisespeciallynecessarytomakegreateffortstoassimilatetheachievementsofothercultures.B:ItisespeciallynecessarytoassimilatetheachievementsofotherculturesVariants:makeeveryeffortto;tryourbestto;doourutmostto;doeverythingpossibletoPlainverbs:strivetoendeavortowordhardtoPartOne

UnnecessaryWordsII.UnnecessaryModifiers1.RedundantModifiersObviousRedundanciesmutualcooperationresidentialhousingadvanceforecastsaseriousnaturaldisasterfemalebusinesswomanA:thattheorytooisavaluableideologicaltreasureofthePartyB:thattheorytooisanideologicaltreasureofthePartyA:theChinesegovernmenttookallpossibleeventualitiesintoaccountwhenitmadethispolicydecisionB:theChinesegovernmenttookalleventualitiesintoaccountwhenitmadethispolicydecisionAdverbsoftime(Discuss)A:nowthegovernmentisworkinghardtoimprovetaxationB:thegovernmentisworkinghardtoimprovetaxationA:previouslyweusedtooveremphasizetheneedforclassstruggleB:weusedtooveremphasizetheneedforclassstruggleVarious(Discuss)InEnglishthepluralisshownbytheformofnounendingin‘–s’‘Various’isusuallysuperfluousAseriousofAllsortsofvariouskindsofWhatabout‘强调’？OtherexamplesA:importsofforeignautomobileshavedeclinedsharplythisyearB:importsofautomobileshavedeclinedsharplythisyearA:theymustalsohavesomenecessaryknowledgeabouthistoryandgeographyB:themustalsoknowsomethingabouthistoryandgeographySelf=evidentmodifiersEx.(Discuss)A:thesenineyearsconstituteaperiodinwhichthenationaleconomicstrengthhasincreasedTheeconomy=nationaleconomy?Weshouldappropriatelyraisethepurchasingpricesofgrainandcotton…Ifnot,whatisthefunctionoftheword‘appropriately’?3.Intensifiers AIntensifierswithweakwords

PoorvocabularyExtremelyimportantEssential,imperative,vital,indispensable,crucialAbsolutelywantedtoWeredeterminedto,hadresolvedto,werebenton,insisteduponIntensifierswithstrongwordsredundantA:ifthereisserious

chaosinHongKong,theChinesegovernmentwouldbeforcedtoreconsider…B:ifseriousdisturbancesoccurredinHongKong…A:thesepracticesshouldbetotally

abolishedB:thesepracticesshouldbeabolishedCommonredundantintensifiersActive/activelyactive

effortsshouldbemadeto…(effortsareactivebydefinition)Effective/effectivelyTobenefitthepeoplebymeansofaneffective

controloftheYellowRiver(Controlisnotcontrolunlessitiseffective)Let’sdiscuss…AdvicefromtheexpertsDonotletredundantmodifiersruinyoursentenceQualifiersAdverbsdesignedtolessontheforceofstatement.Rather,quite,relativelyMisuseoppositeeffectEx.Wehavedozensofthousandsofstudentsstudyingabroad,anditisquiteimportanttocreatesuitableconditionsfortheirworkaftertheycomeback.Zhao’simagesaresomewhatprimitivelyaggressive,forcingthemselvesontheviewerasifthey…Perhaps,maybe,possibly（Discuss）“DoubtexpressionisexpressedinEnglishbyaspecialformoftheword”A:perhapsitwilltakeadecadetoaccomplishthisB:itmay

takeadecadetoaccomplishthisA:expertspredictthatthereductionofinterestrateswillleadtoapossiblelooseningofcredit