广州八年级英语下册unit1知识点讲解及习题附答案

..第一节：语法选择1.YaoMingisoneof____________intheworld. A.mostfamousbasketballplayer B.themostfamousbasketballplayer C.themostfamousbasketballplayers D.themorefamousbasketballplayers2.Whenyouphonedmeat7o’clockyesterday,I___________TV. A.watched B.havewatched C.waswatching D.amwatching3.Mylittlebrotherwas___________incollectingstamps. A.interest B.interested C.interesting D.interests4.Thereportergives____________informationtoreaders. A.anumberof B.much C.thenumberof D.many5.I_________amealwhenyou_________me. A.cooked;werephoning B.wascooking;phoned C.wascooking;werephoning D.cooked;phoned6.BenjaminFranklinwascurious__________howthingsworked. A.in B.on C.about D.of7.--______________________--Oh,thatwouldbegood.Thanksalot. A.Couldyouhelpme" B.Pleasepickupthebook. C.I’msorry.Ibrokethevase. D.CanIhelpyouwithanything"8.Mygrandmotherhasfourgrandchildren,_________me. A.includes B.including C.included D.include9.Myparentshavealwaysencouragedme_________anythingIwantto. A.totry B.trying C.tried D.tries10._______shewaswatchingTV,sheheardasoundoutsidetheroom. A.When B.As C.Assoonas D.While第二节：语法选择〔共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分〕WhenIhadsomethingdifficulttodo,Iusedtoaskmymother11help.Butshealwayssaid,"Doityourself,dear.〞Iwasnotgladatall.I12shewasthelaziestmotherintheworld!Forexample,oneday,Idecidedtoinvite13friendstomyhome.Mybedroomwasnotinorder.14Ididn’tmakethebed.Iasked15mothertohelpmecleanit,butshesaid,"Doityourself,girl.〞SoIdiditbymyself.Andshemademeunhappyfor16longtime.17mymotheris"lazy〞,Ihavetowashmyclothesandcleanmyroom.Ihavetohelpmyparents18housework.Ievenhavetogotothedentistbymyself.Itisreallyhardformetodoeverythingwell，butIhavelearned19．Astimegoesby，Iunderstandmymother．Shemakesmecleveranddiligent.Whatagreatmother!Agoodmother20equaltoonehundredteachers!Don’tyouthinkso"11.A.in B.forC.toD.of12.A.thinkB.amthinkingC.thoughtD.willthink13.A.someB.anyC.1ittleD.few14.A.ButB.SoC.OrD.And15.A.IB.meC.myD.mine16.A.aB.anC.theD.／17.A.IfB.UntilC.BecauseD.Before18.A.doB.doingC.didD.done19.A.alittleB.alotC.alittleofD.alotof20.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen三、完形填空〔共10小题；每题1分，总分值10分〕BessieColemanwasbornintheUSA.Herfamilywas21.Shewasincollegeforonlyoneyear.Shehadto22becauseshedidnothaveenoughmoneytofinishherstudies.Butduringthatyear,shelearnedabout23.ShereadaboutthefirstflightoftheWrightBrothersandthefirstAmericanwomanpilot,HarrietQuimby.Bessieoftenthoughtaboutwhatitwouldfeelliketoflylikeabird.24theageof23,BessieColemanwenttoChicago.There,shedidsomeordinaryjobs.Butshewantedtodosomethingmoreimportant.Shedecidedtolearn25toflyplanes.Shesoonfound26wasalmostimpossibletogetintoaflightschool,whichwouldadmita27woman"BessielearnedthatshewouldhaveabetterchanceinEurope.Soshebegantostudy28atalanguageschoolinChicago．AfterWorldWarI,BessieColemanwenttoFrance.Shewenttothefamous29schoolinnorthernFrance.Shelearnedtoflyinaplanethere.She30sevenmonthsofflighttrainingandin1921gotherinternationalpermittoflyinFrance.Shebecamethefirstblackwomanevertohaveaninternationalpilot’slicense.21.A.rich B.poor C.big D.small22.A.1eave B.e C.arrive D.stay23.A.singing B.jumping C.flying D.driving24.A.With B.To C.For D.At25.A.where B.when C.how D.why26.A.that B.this C.it D.there27.A.beautiful B.smart C.white D.black28.A.English B.French C.Chinese D.Japanese29.A.art B.flight C.language D.dance30.A.finished B.provided C.missed D.changed四、阅读理解〔共10小题；每题2分，总分值20分〕AThePresidentsoftheUSAManyAmericanpresidentsinthe19thcenturywereborninpoorfamilies.Theyspenttheirchildhoodinlittlewoodenhouses.Theygotlittleeducation.WashingtonandLincoln,forexample,neverwenttoschoolandtheytaughtthemselves.Lincolnoncedidjobsofaworker,shopkeeperandpostofficerinhisearlyyears.ManyUSpresidentshadexperiencesinthearmy.Thetwobest-knownwereUlyssesGrantandDwightD.Eisenhower.GrantwasageneralandEisenhowerwasaherointhewar.Itsohappenedthattheygraduatedfromthesameschool--WestPointMilitaryAcademy.Peoplemaybesurprisedtolearnthatbothofthemdidnotdowellintheschool.Eisenhower,forexample,wasoncefinedbecausehebroketherulesoftheschool.ThejobsofUSpresidentsaretiring.Hemustkeepaneyeonanythingimportantwhichhappensbothathomeandabroad.Everyday,alotofworkwaitsforhimtodo,andhehastodecideonalotofthings.WhenFranklinRooseveltwasachild,hewasoncebroughttovisitPresidentTaft．Theoldpresidentsaidtohim,"Whenyougrowup，youshouldnotbepresident.It’satiringjob.〞31.Inthe19thcentury，manyUSpresidents______________.A.workedasworkers,shop-keepersandpostofficersintheirearlyyearsB.didn’twanttogotoschoolwhentheywereyoungC.didn’tknowmuchabouttheirworkD.couldn’treceivegoodeducationbeforetheygrewup32.PresidentEisenhowerbecamewell-known____________.A.whenhewasachildB.afterhebecamePresidentoftheUSAC.inthewarD.whilestudyinginWestPointMilitaryAcademy33.Themainideaofthesecondparagraphis______________.A.GrantandEisenhowerbecamewell-knownbecausetheybothgraduatedfromafamousschoolB.manyoftheUSpresidentshadbeeninthearmybeforetheytookofficeC.Eisenhowerdidn’tdowellintheschoolD.onlypeoplefrommilitaryschoolscouldbepresidents34.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"keepaneyeon〞inthethirdparagraphmean" A.Neverkeepinmind. B.Paynoattentionto. C.Lookatsomethingwithoneeye. D.Paycloseattentionto.35.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothelastparagraph" A.ItisanimportantandtiringjobtobetheUSpresident. B.PresidentTaftdidn’twantRoosevelttobeapresidentbecausehewastooyoung. C.NoneofthepresidentsexceptTaftcoulddothetiringjob. D.IntheUSAnoonewantedtobepresidentbecauseitwastootiring.BYangguang·ChinaBeijingistheplacetogo!BestofBeijing5DaysFrom￥7992nightsBeijingHotel&2nightsChangchengHotelBookonlineorcall7654321.yangguangtour.BeijingHotel:ClosetoTian’anmenSquarePrize-winninggardenBars&FrenchrestaurantSwimmingpoolChangchengHotel:GardenswithmountainviewsRestaurants&CaféNightClubBusestothedowntownareaDepartureDatePrice8June￥89929July￥99930August￥79930September￥1299Tobook,chooseyourpreferreddeparturedateBusinessHoursWeekdays:24hoursWeekends:8am–6pm36.Whichofthetwohotelscanweswimat" A.BeijingHotel B.ChangchengHotel C.Neither D.Both37.IfwewanttosetoffaroundNationalDay(国庆节),whichdeparturedateshouldwechoose" A.8June B.29July C.30August D.30September38.Wecannotbookbytelephoneat_________. A.9:00a.m.,Monday B.9:00p.m.,Thursday C.9:00a.m.,Saturday D.9:00p.m.,Sunday39.Accordingtothead(),whichofthefollowingisTRUE" A.ThisadisgivenbyaBeijingtravelpany. B.ChangchengHotelisinthecentreofBeijing.C.Wecansave￥500leavinginlateAugustinsteadoflateSeptember. D.WecanstayinBeijingforfournightsandfourdays.40.Wherecanyouprobablyreadthead" A.Astorybook. B.Anovel. C.Aguidebook. D.Anotebook.五、写作〔共三节，总分值25分〕第一节：单词拼写〔共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分〕41.Acara_____________happenedhereyesterday.42.LangLang’ss_______________cameataprice.43.MichaelPhelpswon8goldm____________in2008BeijingOlympicGames.44.Bees(蜜蜂)areh___________________animals.45.HeathFranciso_____________alotofproblemsbeforewinningthematches.第二节：完成句子〔共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分〕46.工人们对于每天做同样的事情感到厌倦。 Workers_____________________________doingthesamethingseveryday.47.杰克正在看电视播放的卡通。 Jackiswatchingcartoons___________________________.48.郎朗三岁开场上钢琴课。 LangLangbegantakingpianolessons____________________________three.49.玛丽的母亲对她要求很严格。 Mary’smother_____________________________her.50.由于长时间的工作，怀特先生昨天病了。 Mr.White_________________yesterdaybecauseoflong-timework.第三节：书面表达〔10分〕请根据以下要点和提示词写一篇60词左右的作文。1.比尔·盖茨是世界上最富有的人之一，他以个人电脑软件而闻名。2.比尔·盖茨1955年10月28日出生于美国西雅图。3.他13岁开场对电脑程序产生兴趣，1973年进入哈佛大学学习。4.1975年他与好友成立微软公司，目前是全球最大的电脑软件供给商。5.比尔·盖茨是一个充满爱心的人。他喜欢打高尔夫球和网球。提示词：BillGates,befamousfor,personal,software,Seattle,HarvardUniversity,MicrosoftCorporation,provider,kind-hearted,golf__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________重点单词的讲解raisev.筹集；提升；增加第三人称单数：raises过去式：raised过去分词：raised现在分词：raising搭配：raiseone’svoice提高嗓门；raiseafamily养家糊口；raisemoney筹款；raiseprice提高价格；raiseone’sspirits打起精神raise=keep有"饲养，抚养〞的意思，如：raisecattle=keepcattle〔饲养牲口〕和raisechildren〔抚养孩子〕辨析：raise,rise(rise--rose--risen)的区别(1)这两个词都有"提高，上升，增加〞的意思，但其用法不同。raise是及物动词，其主语通常是人；而rise是不及物动词，其主语通常是物。例如：Thesunrisesandbathestheearth.太阳升起，普照。(2)raise和rise用于同一事物时含义不同。例如：ThepriceofTVsetshasbeenraisedrecently.最近电视机提价了。〔政府或厂家主动行动〕ThepriceofTVsetshasrisenrecently.最近电视机提价了。〔市场调节〕permissionn.=agreement准许；批准Writealettertotheheadteachertoaskpermissiontoraisemoney.给校长写一封信请求允许筹钱。同根词：permitv.=allowyoutodoit许可，准许；默许Theguardspermittedmetobringmycameraandtaperecorder.disabledadj.有伤残的；丧失能力的；不中用Itaughtdisabledchildrentosing.我教残疾的孩子唱歌。同根词：disablev.=make(sb.)unabletodosth.使无能力；使残废，使伤残Heisdisabledfromvoting.他失去了选举资格。enablev.=make(sb.)abletodosth.使〔某人〕能够做某事Thenewtestshouldenabledoctorstodetectthediseaseearly.新的检测手段应该能够使医生们尽早查出这种疾病。搭配：mentallydisabled有智力缺陷learningdisabilities学习障碍offerv.=bewillingtodosomething主动提出Peterofferedtoteachthemwater-skiing.彼得主动提出教他们滑水。搭配：offerone’shand伸出友好的手offersb.sth.为某人提供某物Theyhaveofferedmealargesumofmoneytogoaway.他们曾为我提供一大笔搬迁费辨析：provide,offer的区别：provide用于表示无主动大方之意地为人或物提供需要或有用的东西，仅仅是出于某种责任，强调提供必须用的东西，尤其是生活用品。常用于providesb.withsth.或providesth.forsb.的固定搭配中。offer表示主动提供效劳、工作等。常用于offersb.sth.或offersth.tosb.固定搭配中。例如：offersb.主动提出帮助某人；offersb.agoodsalary给某人一个好工资。Somehowshemanagedtoprovideherchildrenwithfoodandclothing.她总算设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。Heofferedmeaglassofwine.=Heofferedaglassofwinetome.他端给我一杯酒。illnessn.〔某种〕病Thechildrenthereallsufferfromseriousillness.那里的孩子都遭受疾病的折磨。同根词：illadj.有病的〔比拟级：worse,最高级：worst〕辨析：ill,sick的区别：ill和sick都有"生病的；有病的〞之意，但用法并不完全一样。ill表示"生病的；有病的〞这一意思时，一般用作表语，不能作定语；而sick既可以作表语又可以作定语，如"病人〞可以说asickman或thesick,但不能说anillman或theill。例如：Sheisill/sickinbed.她卧病在床。Sheislookingafterhersickfather.她在照顾她生病的父亲。sick有"恶心的；厌倦的〞之意。例如：Thesmellmakesmesick.这气味使我感到恶心。ill作定语修饰名词时是"坏的；邪恶的〞之意。例如：Heisanillman.他是一个邪恶的人。organizev.组织Intheend,wealldecidedtoorganizeaconcertforEaster.最终，我们一致决定组织一场复活节音乐会。同根词：organizationn.组织；机构；团体Whatdoyouknowaboutourorganization"关于我们的组织你知道些什么？expressv.表达；表露Thishelpsthemexpresstheirfeelings.这有助于他们表达他们的情感。同根词：expressionn.表现，表示，表达；表情Shegaveexpressiontohersadness.她流露出了悲伤之情。lonelyadj.孤独的；寂寞的；荒凉的〔比拟级：lonelier最高级：loneliest〕Itfeltliketheloneliestplaceintheworld.感觉这就像是天底下最荒凉的地方。辨析：lonely,alone的区别：alone为形容词，意为"单独的〞，只作表语，不能作定语。侧重说明单独一人，没有助手或同伴，没有感情色彩的只表示客观的状态。lonely意为"孤独的〞，表示主观上感到孤独、寂寞，有较浓的感情色彩，指因缺少朋友、同情、友谊等产生的一种悲伤和忧郁的感情。它为形容词，在句中作表语或定语。作定语时，意为"荒凉；偏僻〞，多修饰表示地点的名词。alone还可以作副词。aloneadv.单独；单独Shewenthomealone.=Shewenthomebyherself.她单独回家去了。Theoldmanlivesinalonelytown,helivesalonebuthedoesn’tfeellonely.这位老人住在偏僻的镇上，他单独一人住着，但他并不感到孤独。friendshipn.友情；友谊同根词：friendn.朋友复数：friends.Ihadalongtalkaboutthiswithmybestfriend.friendlyadj.友好的Roberthasafriendlyrelationshipwithhiscustomers.friendlinessn.友善Shealsolovesthefriendlinessofthepeople.她也喜欢人们的友善。difficultyn.=benotabletodosomethingeasily困难；费力Thecountryisfacinggreateconomicdifficulties.该国正面临巨大的经济困难。同根词：difficultadj.=hardtodo困难的Thechildisgoingthroughadifficultphase.那孩子正经历困难的阶段。搭配：havedifficulty(in)doingsomething做……有困难Ihadnodifficulty(in)makingmyselfunderstood.我毫不费力地表达了自己的意思。indifficulty/difficulties处境困难Thebankisindifficulty/difficulties.这家银行处境困难。joyn.=afeelingofgreathappiness愉快；喜悦Itaughtthemtosingbecausemusiccanbringthemjoyandpeace.我教他们唱歌，因为音乐能带给他们喜悦与宁静。同根词：joyfuln.快乐的，快乐的；令人开心的，使人喜悦的Hewasexcitedandjoyfulatthesuccess.他因成功而冲动欣喜。搭配：toone’sjoy令人快乐的是，使某人快乐的是Toherjoyhersonwaspermittedtoakeyuniversity.peacen.平静；宁静theNobelPeacePrize诺贝尔和平奖OnemorequestionandI’llleaveyouinpeace.再问一个问题，我就不打搅你了。同根词：peacefuladj.和平的；爱好和平的；安静的；平静的Eveninginthecountryisaverypeacefultime.乡村里的今晚是平静安谧的时刻。hurtv.=injure使疼痛；受伤Timhurthislegsinanaccident,buthehaslotsofcourage.提姆在一次事故中伤了腿，但他很勇敢。同根词：hurtadj.受伤的；痛苦的；〔受〕损坏的Theydidnotseemtobebadlyhurt.他们看起来没有受重伤。搭配：hurtoneself受伤Haveyouhurtyourself"你伤着自己了吗？couragen.勇气；勇敢Heshowedgreatcourageanddetermination.他表现得十分勇敢和果断。同根词：encouragev.鼓励，鼓舞；支持；促进；煽动MyEnglishteacheroftenencouragesustoreadEnglishaloud.搭配：takeone’scourageinbothhands鼓起勇气去做；敢作敢为Takinghercourageinbothhands,sheopenedthedoorandwalkedin.她壮着胆翻开门，走了进去。courageinthefaceofdanger面对危险时的胆量payv.付款；归还We

paid

₤35

for

each

ticket.

我们每票付了35英镑。同根词：pay

n.

工资；薪水；报答Theyplainedabouttheirpayandconditions.他们抱怨他们的薪水和工作条件。搭配：payoff偿清〔债务〕；支付〔债务〕的全部数额payfor为……付款payattentionto注意payavisitto去参观，拜访辨析：spend,take,cost和pay的用法区别：take,spend,cost,pay都可以表示"花费〞，但用法却不尽一样。spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下构造：(1)spendtime/moneyonsth.在……上花费时间〔金钱〕。例如：Ispenttwohoursonthismathsproblem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间〔金钱〕做某事。例如：Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spendmoneyforsth.花钱买……

例如：Hismoneywasspentforbooks.他的钱用来买书了。cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示"值〞，常见用法如下：sth.costs(sb.)+金钱，某物花了〔某人〕多少钱。例如：Anewputercostsalotofmoney.(doing)sth.costs(sb.)+时间，某物〔做某事〕花了〔某人〕多少时间。例如：Rememberingthesenewwordscosthimalotoftime.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。注意：cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost，并且不能用于被动句。take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：Ittakessb.+时间+todosth.做某事花了某人多少时间。例如：Ittookthemthreeyearstobuildthisroad.他们用三年时间修完了这条路。doingsth.takessb.+时间，做某事花了某人多少时间。例如：Repairingthiscartookhimthewholeafternoon.他花了一下午修车。pay的根本用法是：pay(sb.)moneyforsth.付钱〔给某人〕买……

例如：Ihavetopaythem20poundsforthisr