最全雅思流程图汇总

..一Thediagramsbelowshowthestagesandequipmentusedinthecement-makingprocess,andhowcementisusedtoproduceconcreteforbuildingpurposes.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakeparsonswherereleant.Thefirstdiagramindicatesthestagesandequipmentintheprocessofmakingcement,andthesecondoneillustrateshowcementandothermaterialsaremixedtoproduceconcreteforbuildingpurposes.Cementproductioninvolvesthefollowingsteps.Thefirststepistoputlimestoneandclayontwodifferentconveyors.Then,thesetwotypesofmaterialsarepressedintothecrusherwhichbreaksthemintopowder.

Afterthat,thepowderispouredintoamixer,andthenmixturesaretransmittedintoarotatingheaterwhichworkswithheat.Thefollowingstepisthatabandcarrierleadstheheatedpowdertoagrinderwherethecementesout.Finally,cementispackedintobags,andtheprocessisfinished.Concreteproductionismuchmoresimple.Fourdifferentkindsofmaterialsareneededindifferentproportion.Gravelaccountsforthelargestpart,at50%,followedbysand,whichis25%.Cementandwatercontributes15%and10%respectively.Thefourmaterialsarethenmixedandpouredintoaconcretemixerandafteraperiodofwhirling,concreteisproduced.Inconclusion,makingcementhasmoreplexprocessthanmakingconcretethoughconcreteneedsmorematerialsthancement.二Thediagramsbelowshowthelifecycleofthesilkwormandthestagesintheproductionofsilkcloth.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakeparisonswhererelevant.Thefirstdiagramshowsthattherearefourmainstagesinthelifeofthesilkworm.Firstofall,eggsareproducedbythemothandittakestendaysforeacheggtobeeasilkwormlarvathatfeedsonmulberryleaves.Thisstagelastsforuptosixweeksuntilthelarvaproducesacocoonofsilkthreadarounditself.Afteraperiodofaboutthreeweeks,theadultmothseventuallyemergefromthesecocoonsandthelifecyclebeginsagain.Thecocoonsaretherawmaterialusedfortheproductionofsilkcloth.Onceselected,theyareboiledinwaterandthethreadscanbeseparatedintheunwindingstage.Eachthreadisbetween300and900metreslong,whichmeanstheycanbetwistedtogether,dyedandthenusedtoproduceclothintheweavingstage.Overall,thediagramsshowthatthecocoonstageofthesilkwormcanbeusedtoproducesilkcloththroughaverysimpleprocess.三Theflowchartbelowshowshowchewinggumismade.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakeparisonswhererelevant.Thediagramshowshowchewinggumisproduced.Firstlytheingredientsofgumareputintoacontainerandwasheateduntiltheyformasinglemass.Thisisthenstraineduntilalloftheliquidhasbeeneliminated.Next,thegumispassedintoanothercontainer/placeandthedesiredflavorings,sweetenersandsoftenersareaddedThismixtureisblendeduntilalloftheingredientsaremixedtogether.Thegumthentravels/passestoadifferentmachinewhichusesrollerstoflattenoutthegum.Finallythethinsheetsofgumarecutintorectangularshapesandbrokenintoseparatepiecesthenthegumpasses/travelsalongaconveyorbeltwhereitisenclosedinpackagingreadyfordistribution.四Thediagrambelowshowshowfruitiscanned.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakeparisonswhererelevant.Thediagramshowstheprocessofcanningfreshfruit.Firstthefruitispickedfromtreesbyhand.Itisthentransportedtothecannerybylargetrucks.Atthecannerythefruitiswashedandqualitychecked,andanypoorqualityfruitisrejected.Thegoodqualityfruitisputintocoldstorage.Whenitisreadyforcanningthefruitisweighedandgraded.Thegradingensuresthatfruitofasimilarsizeiskepttogether.Afterthisthefruitispeeledandthecoresareremoved.Itisthenslicedintotherequiredsizesandputintocans.Juiceorsyrupisalsoaddedtothecans.Oncethecanshavebeenfilled,theyaresealedandcookedoverheattoensurethatthecansaresterilized.Whenthecansarecool,labelsareattachedandtheyareplacedintostorages.Thecannedfruitisnowreadytobedespatchedtosupermarketsandsold.五Thediagrambelowshowstheprocessofmakingchocolate.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakeparisonswhererelevant.Chocolate'svariedflavours,colours,shapesandtexturesresultfromdifferentrecipetraditions.Whichhaveevolvedindifferentpartsoftheworld.Theessentialingredientinallchocolateiscocoa,whichismadefromthecream-colouredbeansthatgrowinpodsonthecacaotree.Thecacaotree,whichgrowsinequatorialregionssuchasSouthAmerica,AfricaandIndonesiaproducesafruitaboutthesizeofasmallpineapple,Insidewhicharethetree'sseeds.

Afterharvesting,thecocoabeansarcremovedfromthepodsandpiledinheapsthatareleftforseveraldaystodry.Thedriedbeansarethentransportedtofactorieswheretheyaresortedandroasted.Theshellsarethenremovedandthebeansaregroundintochocolateliquor-athickbrownliquidwhichformsasolidataboutroomtemperature.Thisliquorcontainsahighpercentageoffat(cocoabutter),whichisremovedbyusingpresses.Thesolidblockofcocoathatremainsisthenmadeintoapowderwhichcanbeusedtomakeahotchocolatedrink,orismixedbackwithsomeofthecocoabutter,sugarandotherflavoursuchasvanillatomakethedifferentkindsofchocolate.六Thediagrambelowshowstheprocessbywhichbricksaremanufacturedforthebuildingindustry.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakeparisonswhererelevant.Theprocessbywhichbricksaremanufacturedforthebuildingindustrycanbeoutlinedinsevenconsecutivesteps.

Firsttherawmaterial,clay,whichliesjustbelowthesurfaceofsoilincertainclay-richareashastobedugupbyadigger.

Thenthelumpsofclayareplacedonametalgrid,inordertobreakupthebigchunksofclayintomuchsmallerones,whichfallthroughthemetalgridontoaroller,whosemotionfurthersegregatesthebitsofclay.Sandandwaterareaddedtomakeahomogenousmixture,whichistheneitherformedinmouldsorcutintobrick-shapedpiecesbymeansofawirecutter.

Thesefreshbricksarethenkeptinadryingovenforatleast24andamaximumof48hours,severaldozensifnothundredsofbricksatatime.Thedriedbricksarethentransferredtoaalso-calledkiln,anothertypeofhightemperatureof200℃-980℃,thenatahightemperatureof870℃-1300℃.Thisprocessisfollowedbycoolingdownthefinishedbricksfor48to72hoursinacoolingchamber.

Oncethebrickshavebeencooleddownandhavebeehard,theygetpackagedanddeliveredtotheirfinaldestination,beitabuildingsiteorstorage.

七Thediagramsbelowshowtheprocessofhowuraniumisusedintheproductionofnuclearpower.

Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakeparisonswhererelevant.Thisdiagramdescribeshowuraniumismined,processed,usedandthendiscarded.

Uraniumisfoundunderthegroundandsoitmustbemined.Oncethemineduraniumhasbeenextracted,itistakentoaprocessingcentre.Heretheuraniumisconvertedintoaformthatcanbeusedasafuelinanuclearpowerstation.Todothis,theuraniumischangedintoagasandenrichedbeforeitisreformedasU-235fuelpellets.

Thefuelpelletsarethenusedinnuclearpowerstationstoprovideupto7billionkilowattsofelectricityfromjustonestation.Afterthefuelhasbeenusedforaboutfouryearsitisremovedfromthepowerstationandstored.Someoftheusedfuelcanbere-processedandre-usedinapowerstationtoproducemoreelectricity.

Finally,oldstoredfuelthatcannotbere-processedisputintostainlesssteelcontainersandthenburieddeepintheground.

八Theillustrationsbelowshowhowchocolateisproduced.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures.Thediagramshowsthestagesintheprocessofmakingchocolate.

Chocolateesfromthecacaotree,whichisgrowninpartsofSouthAmerica,AfricaandIndonesia.Thetreeproduceslargeredpodswhichcontainwhitecocoabeans.

Firstly,whenthepodsareripe,theyareharvested.Thebeansareremovedandtheyarefermentedforseveraldaysinlargewoodenboxes.Duringthefermentingprocess,thebeansturnbrown.Next,thebrownbeansarespreadinthesuntodry.Theyarethenputinlargesacksandtransportedbytrainorlorry.Afterthis,thebeansaretakentoachocolatefactorywheretheyareroastedinanovenattemperaturesofbetween250and350degreeCelsius.Afterbeingroasted,thebeansarecrushedandtheoutershellisremoved.Finally,theinnerpartofthebeanispressedandliquidchocolateisproduced.九Thediagrambelowshowshowbananachipsaremade.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeaturesandmakeparisonswhererelevant.Theflowchartshowshowbananachipsaremade.First,thebananasarepeeledbyaspecialmachineandthentheyarerinsedinwater.Nextthecleanbananasareputintoachippingmachinewheretheyareslicedintothinchips.Afterthistheyaredistributed.Oncetheyaredry,thebananachipsaresoakedinhotoilinlargedeepfatfryers.Thecookedbananachipsarefriedfromthefryersusingaspecialsievewhichallowsalloftheoiltodrainoff.Thebananachipsareleft(then)tocool.Whentheyhavereachedtherighttemperature,spicesareaddedforextrataste.Finallythebananachipsarepackagedreadytoberemovedaroundtheworldandwassold.十Usingtheinformationinthediagram,writeadescriptionofhowarefrigeratorworks.Youmayuseyourownknowledgeandexperienceinadditiontothediagram.Thediagramshowsinfourstageshowarefrigeratorworks.Accordingtothediagram,inthefirststage,high-pressureliquidflowsinthecapillarytube.Foodwithintherefrigeratorsendsoutvapor.Inthisstage,thehigh-pressureliquidisheatedbythevaportowarmlow-pressuregas.Next,thewarmlow-pressuregasflowsahead,arrivingatthepressor.Atthisstage,itispressedtohothigh-pressuregas.Stagethreeoftheprocessiswhenthehothigh-pressuregaspassesthecondenser,whereitiscooledtohigh-pressureliquid.Whereistheheatthen"Itistransferredtoatmosphere.Finally,thecoolhigh-pressureliquidcontinuestoflowforwardandentersintothecapillarytube.Atthispoint,itisheatedbythevaporfromfoodwithintherefrigeratoragainandanewcyclebegins.Thus,theprocessdiagramillustratestheprincipleoftherefrigerator.十一Asaclassassignmentyouhavebeenaskedtowriteadescriptionofhowthisplasticisproducedandthenbrokendown.Usingtheinformationinthediagram,writeadescriptionofthecycle.Youmayuseyourownknowledgeandexperienceinadditiontothediagram.Thediagramshowsinfourstageshowplasticisproducedandthenbrokendown.Accordingtothediagram,inthefirststage,areharvestedandtakentoafactory.Next,inthefactory,glucoseisextractedfromcerealcrops.Stagethreeoftheprocessiswhentheglucosethenpassesintoabacterialfermentationchamber,wheretheprocessoffermentationproducesatypeofplasticcalledPHBpolymer.Thiscanbeusedtomakeplasticbottlestoholdshampoosanddetergents.Whentheseplasticbottlesarethrownaway，theymaybedisposedinthreeways.First,theymayberecycled.Anotherwayisthattheymayalsobefilledinland.Inthisway,theoxidationproductsfromthelandfillsitesarereleasedslowlyintotheatmosphere.Otherdiscardedbottlesareburntorbiodegradedandsendoutcarbondioxi