【新教材】2021秋高一英语北师大版必修第二册课件UNIT5HUMANSANDNATURESectionBLESSON2LESSON3

Unit5SectionB

LESSON2&LESSON32021英语内容索引课前篇自主预习课堂篇互动探究课前篇自主预习Ⅰ.知识体系图解

重点词汇

写作词汇1.

n.&vt.营救;救援

2.

vt.困住;使陷于危险中3.

n.&vt.努力,尝试,企图4.

vt.打断讲话5.

n.死,死亡6.

n.丧失;死亡rescue

trap

attemptinterrupt

death

loss

7.

n.伤害,损伤,损害8.

vt.估量,衡量;测量9.

n.行动,活动;手术;操作10.

n.过程,进程11.

n.较量,竞争;斗争;战斗12.

n.职责,义务;责任13.

vt.实施;进行;执行;vi.&vt.指挥14.

n.保护;防护15.

vi.&vt.呼吸

damage

measure

operation

process

battle

dutyconduct

protection

breathe

16.

n.灰尘;尘埃17.

n.预备,准备

18.

n.滑雪板

vi.滑雪19.

n.基地,大本营;基础

vt.以……为基地20.

adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的

21.

vt.证明;证实

22.

n.大洲,洲;大陆

23.

n.坦诚;诚实,正直

24.

n.真诚,真挚;诚实

25.

n.勇气;勇敢的行为dustpreparation

ski

base

cheerfulprove

continent

honesty

sinceritybravery

阅读词汇26.vehiclen.

27.overseasadv.

28.siten.

29.sufferingn.

30.lampn.

31.nearbyadv.

32.sledgen.

交通工具,车辆在海外,在外国场所,地点(肉体或精神上的)痛苦;折磨灯附近雪橇33.tentn.

34.bootn.

35.captainn.

36.polaradj.

拓展词汇37.

adv.焦虑地;不安地→

adj.焦虑的→

n.焦虑

38.

n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿→

adj.壮志雄心的

39.

n.探险;探索→

n.探险者,勘探者

40.

adj.久远的;遥远的→

n.距离

帐篷靴子队长;组长极地的,地极的anxiouslyanxiousanxietyambitionambitious

explorationexplorerdistantdistance重点短语

1.naturaldisasters

2.rescueoperationsoverseas

3.abattleagainst

4.knockon

5.waitanxiouslyfor

6.aheadoftheplannedschedule

7.onone’swayback

8.inthedistantpast

自然灾害海外救援行动和……的斗争敲打焦急地等待比计划时间提前在某人回去的路上在遥远的过去9.

吸气10.

用完;耗尽11.

停止运转,出故障breatheinrunout

breakdownⅡ.阅读导学A.阅读教材pp.36-37的课文,判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。1.CaptainOatesfaceddeathbravely.2.Scottlosttheracewithnothingachieved.3.RoaldAmundsenandhisteamwontheracebecausetheyhadmoresledges.4.AlthoughScottfailedtheraceanddidn’tsurvive,hewasstillregardedasahero.5.Scottandhistwomembersfailedtoreachthefoodbasebecauseofaterriblestorm.答案

1.T

2.F

3.F

4.T

5.TB.阅读教材pp.36-37的课文,选择正确答案。1.Whatdoesthefirstparagraphserveas?A.Anintroductiontotherace.B.Acomparisonofthetwoteams.C.AnintroductiontotheAntarctic.D.Adescriptionofthetwoteamleaders.答案

A2.Ofthefournamesmentionedinthepassage,whichoneisdifferentfromtheothers?A.EdgarEvans. B.CaptainOates.C.RoaldAmundsen. D.RobertFalconScott.3.HowlongdidittakeAmundsentoreachthePole?A.Abouthalfayear. B.About50days.B.Almost3months. D.Morethan3months.答案

C答案

D4.WhywereScottandhismembersshockedwhentheysawtheNorwegianflag?A.Becausetheywereindanger.B.Becauseitmeanstheylosttherace.C.Becausetheirsituationwashopeless.D.Becausetheydidn’tfindtheNorwegians.答案

B5.WhatdifficultiesdidScott’steamfaceontheirreturnjourney?A.Twosledgesbrokedown.B.Theyhadtolookforrocks.C.Theyweretiredwithnotmuchfoodleft.D.Thehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththecold.答案

CⅢ.篇章结构阅读教材pp.36-37课文,完成表格。Race

to

the

PoleTheprocesstothePoleOn1June,1910,CaptainScottbeganhis(1)

toAntarctica.Atthesametime,theNorwegianexplorerRoaldAmundsenwasalsogoingsouth.Duringthepolarsummer,bothteamsorganisedfoodbases(2)

theirjourneys.AmundsenreachedAntarcticafirst.Thenhepreparedforthereturnjourney.Scottfinally(3)

atthePole.

journey

inpreparationforarrivedRace

to

the

PoleThedifficulties(4)

Thereturnjourneywasoneoftheworstinthehistoryof(5)

.Theweatherconditionswere(6)

.

Scott’sdeathandinfluenceThenewsofScott’s(7)

shockedtheworld.HehadfailedtowintheracetothePole,buttheextraordinarycourageshownbyCaptainScottandhismen(8)

.

ontheway

explorationterribledeath

madethemheroes课堂篇互动探究重点词汇1Searchandrescuevehiclesarebroughtintodestroyedareas.搜救工具被带到了灾区。(教材p.34)◆rescuen.营救;救援Somerescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.一些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。Anearbyboatcametotherescue.附近的一条船进行了援救。【词汇拓展】arescueteam

救援队cometoone’srescue 营救某人rescue v. 营救rescuesb/sthfrom...

把……从……解救出来Afriendcame

to

his

rescueandlenthimthemoney.一位朋友借给他钱从而救了他。Herescuedtwopeoplefromthefire.他从火中救出两人。【迁移应用】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Herescuedme

adifficultsituation.

(2)Allthepeoplenearbycame

herrescuewhenhearinghercryforhelp.

(3)He

(rescue)fromtheburningbuildingintheend.

(4)Hundredsarestillinthewater,waitingto

(rescue).

fromtowasrescuedberescued2Rescueteamstrytosavepeopletrappedunderbuildings.救援队伍尽力营救困在建筑物下的人们。(教材p.34)◆trapv.困住;使陷入危险中n.陷阱Theyusedtrapstotrapanimals.他们用陷阱捕捉动物。Therearesometimestrapsinshoppingonline.网购有时会有陷阱。【词汇拓展】setatrap布置陷阱fall/walkintoatrap

落入圈套be/gettrappedin

被困住Don’tgetinanelevator,asyoumayget

trappediftheelectricityfails.不要坐电梯,因为如果停电,你就会被困在里面。【迁移应用】用trap的适当形式填空(1)The

minershungonuntiltherescuerscame.

(2)Hefoundhisson

insidethelift,feelingveryworried.

翻译句子(3)Ancientpeopleusedtrapstocatchanimals.(4)Hewaslatebecausehewastrappedinthetrafficjam.trappedtrapped古人利用陷阱来捕捉动物。他迟到是因为堵车了。3InarescueattemptduringtheNepalearthquake...在尼泊尔地震中的一次救援尝试中……(教材p.34)◆attemptn.努力;尝试;企图v.试图;尝试Myfirstattemptatachocolatecaketastedbad.我首次试做的巧克力蛋糕难吃极了。Hisearlyattemptsatlearningforeignlanguageswereunsuccessful.他曾经几次打算学外语,却都没有学好。【词汇拓展】attempttodosth试图做某事makeanattempt

试图;努力atone’sfirstattempt 第一次尝试Theyareattempting

to

climbthesteepestpartofthemountain.他们努力攀登这座山最陡的部分。Hedidn’tpasstheexamat

his

first

attempt,butitwasagoodattempt.第一次尝试他虽然没有通过考试,但是这是一次很好的尝试。【迁移应用】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Theyfailedinseveralattempts

(climb)themountain.

(2)Shellyhadworkedhardforherbiologyexaminationsothatshecouldpassit

herfirstattempt.

同义句转换Theprisonersattemptedanescape,butfailed.(3)Theprisonersattempted

,butfailed.

(4)Theprisoners

toescape,butfailed.

toclimbattoescapemadeanattempt4Excuseme,MrWang,butcanIinterruptyouthere?很抱歉,王先生,我可以打断一下吗?(教材p.35)◆interruptv.打断(某人)讲话;暂时中断或中止(某事物)I’msorrytointerruptyoubuthowcouldtheylivehere?对不起,打断了你的讲话,请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢?—I’mterriblysorrytointerrupt,butmayIuseyourphone?It’sratherurgent.很抱歉打扰一下,我可以用一下你的手机吗?事情紧急。—Yes,ofcourse.当然可以。【易混辨析】disturb与interrupt(1)disturb“打扰,妨碍,扰乱”,侧重对某人动作或行为的干扰或干预,给别人带来较长时间的耽搁或使某人不能专注于某事。(2)interrupt“中断,打断”,主要指对别人谈话或某一活动的打扰,使对方的活动停下来或不能继续。Hisstudywasinterruptedbythewar.他的学业因战争而中断。Thenoiseinthestreetdisturbedmystudy.街上的噪音打扰了我的学习。【迁移应用】用interrupt的适当形式填空(1)Itisbadmanners

anyonewhoisspeaking.

(2)Thegame

severaltimesbyrain.

完成句子(3)在老师讲话的时候,我们打断他或她是不礼貌的。Itisimpoliteto

whenheorsheistalking.

(4)我们的谈话被敲门声打断了。Ourtalk

aknockatthedoor.

tointerrupt

wasinterruptedinterrupttheteacher

wasinterruptedby5Asyouknow,naturaldisasterslikeearthquakes,floods,andlandslidescancausedeathandotherlossanddamagethatishardtomeasure.

如你所知,地震、洪水和山体滑坡等自然灾害会导致死亡和其他难以估量的损失和伤害。(教材p.102)◆deathn.死,死亡Whatisthereasonforhisdeath?他的死因是什么呢?Shewasfrightenedtodeathatthesightoftheaccident.看到这个事故她吓得要死。Theearthquakehasresultedinmanythousandsofdeaths.地震已经造成成千上万人死亡。【词汇拓展1】diev.

死,死亡dyingadj.

濒临死亡的;奄奄一息的deadadj.

过世的;逝世的;死的deadlyadj.

致命的thedead 死者(the+形容词表示一类人,谓语动词用复数)Shediedpeacefullyinhersleep.她在睡眠中安然辞世。Hehasbeendeadfor10years.他已经过世10年了。Themedicinesavedthelivesofmanydyingchildren.这种药挽救了许多处于死亡边缘的孩子的性命。Thisisadeadlydisease.这是一种致命的疾病。【迁移应用1】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Trafficaccidentscausemany

(death)everyyear.

(2)Wecan’tgoagainsthis

(die)wish.

(3)Somesnakesare

(die),soweshouldkeepawayfromthem.

(4)Hefinallyacceptedthathismotherwas

(die)andgone.

(5)Hebecamethemanagerofthefarmafterhisfather’s

(die).

翻译句子(6)Somepeoplethinkshipbuildingisadyingbusiness.deathsdyingdeadly

deaddeath

有人认为造船业是夕阳产业。◆lossn.损失;死亡;丢失;失利Joblosseswerecommoninthe1980s.在20世纪80年代失业很常见。Thelossofherbikecausedhermuchinconvenience.丢了自行车给她带来了诸多不便。Thelossofthefootballgamemadeussad.输了足球赛让我们很难过。Hismistakeledtogreatloss.他的错误造成了很大的损失。Thelossofhiswifewasagreatblowtohim.妻子过世对他是很大的打击。【词汇拓展2】losevt.

失去;丢失;输掉lostadj.

丢失的;迷失的;迷路的ataloss

不知所措getlost

迷路asenseofloss 失落感Whenhersonfinallylefthome,Emilyfeltcompletelyat

a

loss.当她的儿子最终离开家时,埃米莉感到完全不知所措。【迁移应用2】用loss的适当形式填空(1)Iwanttoreportthe

ofmycar.

(2)Hefeltso

afterhiswifedied.

完成句子(3)说实话,我不知道下一步该做什么。Totellthetruth,Iam

whattodonext.

(4)因为大雾,他们在森林中迷了路。They

intheforestbecauseoftheheavyfog.

(5)她去世后我心里充满了失落感。WhenshediedIwasfilledwith

.

losslost

atalossgotlost

asenseofloss◆damagev.

损害;损伤n.伤害,损伤,损害Oncethedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.损害一旦造成,农场要好多年才能恢复。Mywifehadanaccidentandthebikewasdamaged.我的妻子遇到意外事故,把自行车弄坏了。【词汇拓展3】brain/liverdamage

脑损伤/肝损伤do/causedamageto...

对……造成破坏/损害sufferdamage

受到损害Theaccidentcausedsomedamage

tomycar,butitwasnothingserious.这起事故对我的车造成了一些损伤,但是并不严重。【迁移应用3】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Hundredsofhousesinthearea

(damage)bythestormlastweek.

完成句子(2)他被车撞了,脑部损伤严重。Hewashitbyacarandsufferedserious

.

(3)多年来,人类已经严重破坏了自己的家园——地球。Manhas

hishome—theearth.

weredamagedbraindamagedone/causedgreatdamageto◆measurev.估量;衡量;测量;(尺寸、长短)量度为……

n.

尺寸;措施;方法Itisdifficulttomeasurethesuccessoftheprojectatpresent.现在还很难估量这个计划的成败。Theymeasuredthedesk.他们量了那张桌子的尺寸。Sheisbeingmeasuredforherweddingdress.正在给她量尺寸做结婚礼服。Theoldtreemustmeasureatleast30metersfromtoptobottom.那棵古树从树梢到地面至少有30米。【词汇拓展4】takemeasureof

测量……尺寸takemeasurestodosth 采取措施做某事safetymeasures

安全措施Hetook

measure

ofthecliffbeforeheclimbedit.他把悬崖的高度估量一下后再攀登。Thegovernmenthastaken

measures

to

preservetheoldtree.政府已采取措施保护那棵古树。【迁移应用4】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Thetreeistalland

(measure)about90meters.

(2)Weshouldtakemore

(measure)toprotecttheendangeredwildlife.

(3)Measuresshould

(take)toimprovethepresentsituation.

measuresmeasuresbetaken完成句子(4)你能帮我量一下墙的高度吗?Canyou

ofthewallforme?

(5)教育不应该纯粹用考试成绩来衡量。Education

purelybyexaminationresults.

(6)这个池塘宽约50米。Thepond

across.

measuretheheightshouldnotbemeasuredmeasuresabout50meters6You’vetoldusalotabouthowyouconductrescueattempts,butcouldyoupleasetellusmoreaboutprotection?

你已经告诉我们很多关于你如何进行营救尝试的事情,但你能告诉我们更多关于保护的事吗?(教材p.103)◆conductv.实施;进行;执行;指挥;带领n.行为;举止;指挥;管理Theguideconductedusaroundtheruinsoftheoldcity.导游带领我们游览了古城遗址。Theministerhadmanygoodreasonsforhisconduct.部长有充分的理由来解释他的行为。Theywerequitecarefulintheirconductofstateissues.在对国家问题的处理上他们非常谨慎。【词汇拓展1】conductasurvey

进行一次调查conductanexperiment 进行一次实验conductresearch

进行研究conductastudy

进行一项研究conductorn.

售票员;乐队指挥Idecidedtoconduct

an

experimenttoprovemyopinion.我决定进行一个实验来证明我的观点。Canyougivemesomeadviceonhowtoconductmarketresearch?你能给我一些如何进行市场调查的建议吗?Thebusconductortoldherthebuscouldn’ttakeherhome.售票员告诉她这路公交车不到她家。【迁移应用1】用conduct的适当形式填空(1)Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution,I’dlikeyoutolookatastudy

inAustraliain2012.

(2)Astudyoftravellers

bythewebsitenamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.

完成句子(3)他们针对青少年的消费习惯进行了一次调查。Theyhave

aboutthespendinghabitsofteenagers.

conductedconductedconductedasurvey◆protectionn.保护;防护Heaskedtobeunderpoliceprotection.他请求警方保护。Thetreeswereagoodprotectionagainstthewind.树木是良好的防风屏障。Helen’sthincoatgavelittleprotectionagainstthecold.海伦单薄的外衣几乎不能御寒。【词汇拓展2】protectvt.保护protect...from/against... 保护……免于……Toprotecttheenvironment,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.为了保护环境,更多的政府要求人们循环利用材料。Heprotectedhishandsfrom/againstthecoldwithgloves.他戴着手套御寒。【迁移应用2】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Inthelastfewyears,Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinenvironmental

(protect).

(2)Manycountriesarenowsettingupnationalparkswhereanimalsandplantscan

(protect).

(3)Youshouldwearsunglassestoprotectyoureyes

thestrongsunlight.

完成句子(4)如果我们现在不着手保护环境,今后会后悔。Ifwedon’tactnowto

,we’lllivetoregretit.

protectionbeprotected

from/againstprotecttheenvironment7Thisisbecauseshoutingcancauseyoutobreatheinadangerousamountofdust.

这是因为喊叫会使你吸入大量危险的灰尘。(教材p.103)◆breathev.呼吸Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardlybreathe.空气非常寒冷,我们难以呼吸。Shewasbeginningtobreathemoreeasily.她呼吸开始较为顺畅了。【词汇拓展】breathein吸入(空气)breatheout

呼出(空气)breathn.

呼吸holdone’sbreath

屏住呼吸outofbreath

上气不接下气takeadeepbreath

深呼吸takeone’sbreathaway 使某人吃惊/惊奇Thedoctortoldmetobreathe

inandthenbreathe

outslowly.医生叫我吸气然后慢慢地呼出。Howlongcanyouhold

your

breathfor?你能屏住呼吸多久?【迁移应用】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Itisgoodforhealth

(breath)deeply.

完成句子(2)大多数人没有意识到自己正吸入污染了的空气。Mostpeopledon’trealisethattheyare

.

tobreathebreathinginpollutedair(3)宣读结果时,他屏住了呼吸。He

whiletheresultswerereadout.

(4)五分钟后我们便气喘吁吁了。Wewere

onlyafterfiveminutes.

(5)他深呼吸让自己平静下来。He

tocalmhimselfdown.

heldhisbreathoutofbreathtookadeepbreath8Duringthepolarsummerof1910—1911,bothteamsorganisedfoodbasesinpreparationfortheirjourneysthenextyear.在1910—1911年南极的夏季,两队都筹备了食物基地为来年的行程做准备。(教材p.36)◆basen.基地,大本营;总部;据点;基础v.以……为基础ThebaseofthecompanyisinShanghai,buttherearebranchesalloverthecountry.公司总部在上海,但在全国都有分公司。Thisuniversityhasagoodbaseofscientificresearch.这所大学有很好的科研基础。【词汇拓展1】base...on...

把……建立在……的基础之上bebasedon

以……为基础thebaseofthelamp 灯座Youshouldbaseyourtheoryonpractice.=Yourtheoryshouldbe

based

onpractice.你应该把理论建立在实践的基础之上。The

base

of

the

lampisveryheavy.这个台灯的底座很沉。【迁移应用1】同义句转换(1)ManylanguageshaveLatinastheirbase.Manylanguages

Latin.

arebasedon用所给词的适当形式填空(2)Clearly,asuccessfulstudy

(base)ongoodwaysandhabits.

(3)Themovie,

(base)onanovelofthesamename,isratherpopular.

(4)Iwon’tacceptanopinionunlessitisbased

facts.

(5)

(base)animportantdecisionmoreonemotionthanonreason,youwillregretitsoonerorlater.

完成句子(6)产品的价格建立在几种因素的基础上。Thepricesofproducts

severalfactors.

isbasedbasedonBasingarebasedon◆preparationn.准备Preparationforthepartystartedearly.聚会的准备工作很早就开始了。Carefulpreparationsfortheexamareimportant.认真准备考试十分重要。【词汇拓展2】inpreparationfor为……作好准备makepreparationsfor

为……作准备makepreparationstodosth 准备做某事preparev.

准备preparesth

准备某物preparesbforsth

使某人对某事有所准备prepare...for.../bepreparedfor

为……作好准备bepreparedtodosth

愿意做某事Theygotocollegein

preparation

foragoodcareer.他们上大学是为了有一份好的职业。Thecountryismaking

preparations

forwar.这个国家正在备战。【迁移应用2】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)—Sorry,Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.—Oh,it’stoobad.Youshouldhavemadefull

(prepare).

(2)—I’vepreparedallkindsoffood

thepicnic.

—Doyoumeanweneedn’tbringanythingwithus?(3)Wewon’tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparations

(make).

(4)Therewasnonewsandwe

(prepare)fortheworst.

(5)Theyareprepared

(leave).

preparationsfor

havebeenmadehadpreparedtoleave

完成句子(6)然后他准备返回。Thenhe

thereturnjourney.

preparedfor9ScottandAmundsenwaitedanxiouslyforspring.斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地等待春天的到来。(教材p.36)◆anxiouslyadv.焦虑地;不安地Heanxiouslysearchedforhisnameonthelist.他焦急地在名单上搜寻他的名字。Allherfansarewaitingforheranxiously.她的歌迷都焦急地等待她的出场。【词汇拓展】beanxiousabout...

对……感到担心beanxiousforsth 渴望得到某物beanxioustodo... 渴望做……anxietyn.

忧虑,渴望Iam

anxious

fortheirsafety.我希望他们平安无事。Weare

anxious

tomeetyou.我们渴望见到你。【迁移应用】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)

(anxious),shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn’tfit.

(2)Heisanxious

(finish)thejob.

(3)Nowadaysmanypeopleareexperiencinghighlevelof

(anxious).

(4)Don’tbeanxious

thecomingexams.

Anxiouslytofinishanxietyabout10First,histwosledgesbroke

downandthenthehorsesbegantohaveseriousdifficultieswiththesnowandthecold.先是他的两辆雪橇坏了,后来马匹开始在雪和寒冷的天气下出现严重问题。(教材p.36)◆breakdown停止运转,出故障;消除,克服;(身体或精神)垮掉;分解Old-fashionedphonesareimportantwhenwirelessnetworksbreak

downindisasters.当无线网络在灾难中出故障的时候,老式手机就派上用场了。Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair-conditioningsystembroke

down.因为空调坏了,他只好不时地停下来擦额头的汗。Thetwocountriesaregoingtomeettobreak

downsometradebarriersbetweenthem.这两个国家打算会晤商讨打破两国贸易的障碍。Hebroke

downashethoughtofhisfailuretoselloutallhispapers.当他想到没能卖完所有的报纸,他一下子垮掉了。Itisalongprocessforplasticbagstobreak

down.塑料袋的分解是一个很长的过程。【词汇拓展】breakout

突然发生breakup 拆散,分开;驱散,解散;分手breakin

强行闯入,侵入;插话breakoff 折断;中断;停止说话;(工作中)稍做休息breakthrough 突破Themeetingbroke

upat11o’clock.会议在十一点钟散会。Thievesbroke

inandstolesomemoney.贼曾进入屋内,偷走了一些钱。Thedoorhandlehasbroken

off.门的把手断了。Theyarebeginningtobreak

throughinthefightagainstcancer.他们在防治癌症方面开始有所突破。【迁移应用】完成句子(1)看吧,你的电脑又坏了。为了省几美元买最便宜的牌子不划算。See,yourcomputer

again!Itdoesn’tmakesensetobuythecheapestbrandofcomputerjusttosaveafewdollars.

(2)他开会迟到是因为车在路上坏了。Itwasbecausehiscar

onthewaythathewaslateforthemeeting.

hasbrokendownbrokedown短语填空breakout,breakoff,breakthrough,breakin,breakdown,breakup(3)Themeetingdidn’t

untilnoon.

(4)Abigfire

inthetownlastnight.

(5)Don’t

whileothersarespeaking.

(6)Aftertenyearsofhardwork,hishealthis

.

(7)Wehopeto

sooninthefightagainstAIDS.

(8)ThenthecarIwasin

,soIhadtowalkhome.

(9)I

theconversationandansweredthetelephone.

breakupbrokeoutbreakinbreakingdown

breakthroughbrokedown

brokeoff11Themenweresoonverytiredandwererunning

out

offood.他们很快就精疲力竭,食物也快吃完了。(教材p.37)◆runoutof用完Wehaverun

out

ofcoalandhavetoburnwood.煤用完了,我们只好烧木材。【易混辨析】runout与runoutofrunout=beusedup,“(某物)用完”,是不及物动词短语,主语通常是时间、食物、金钱等。Shehasrun

out

ofhermoneyandherpatienceisalsorunning

out.她的钱已经用完了,她也快没耐心了。runoutof=useup,“用完(某物)”,是及物动词短语,但不用于被动语态,主语一般是人。Timeisrunning

outforthetrappedminers.被困矿工的时间不多了。Theyran

out

ofmoneyandwereinadilemma.他们的钱用完了,陷入两难的境地。【迁移应用】短语填空:runout;runoutof(1)Peopleusuallythinkthatwehaveagreatdealofcoalbutwemay

itsomeday.

(2)Foodintheflood-strickenareais

.Wemustactimmediatelybeforethere’snoneleft.

runoutof

runningout12Weareverycheerful,butwhateachmanfeelsinhisheartIcanonlyguess.

我们很快乐,但是我只能猜测每个人心里的感受。(教材p.37)◆cheerfuladj.高兴的,兴高采烈的;令人开心的Hischeerfulmannerhidhisrealfeelings.他那快活的样子掩饰了他真实的感情。Thereishardlyanycheerfulnewsinthepapers.报纸上没有什么让人高兴的消息。【词汇拓展】cheer

v.欢呼;喝彩;鼓舞,鼓励cheerup (使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来cheersbon (尤指在比赛中)为某人加油Hecheered

upatthethoughtofgoingtotheadventureplayground.他一想到要去冒险乐园,就高兴了起来。Shedidherbesttocheerhimonwhenhewasabouttogiveup.当他快要放弃时她尽力给他打气。【迁移应用】完成句子(1)这里轻松愉快的氛围让我心情好了很多。

Thelovelyrelaxingatmospherehere

alot.

(2)——我在想明天的考试。我这次可能过不了。——振作起来,我确定你能行。—I’mthinkingofthetesttomorrow.I’mafraidIcan’tpassthistime.—

!I’msureyou’llmakeit.

(3)他们围在游泳池旁为她加油。Theygatheredaroundtheswimmingpooland

.

cheeredmeupCheerupcheeredheron13Later,theserocksprovedthatatonetimeinthedistantpast,thecontinentofAntarcticawascoveredbyplants.

后来,通过这些石块可以证实,在遥远的过去,南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。(教材p.37)◆distantadj.久远的;遥远的;不太友好的;冷漠的Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory.我们一起度过的时光现在已经成为久远的记忆。Theairportisabout20kilometersdistant.机场大约20千米远。【词汇拓展】distancen.

距离;远处atadistance

隔一段距离;距离稍远inthedistance

在远方atadistanceof... 在……远的地方withinwalkingdistance 在步行可及的距离内Thepicturelooksbetterat

a

distance.这幅图片从远处看更好一些。Therearesomemountainsin

the

distance.远方群山连绵。Thesoundofthewaterfallcanbeheardat

a

distance

of20miles.瀑布的声音在距离它20英里远的地方就能听到。【迁移应用】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)The

doesn’tmakeus

toeachother.(distance)

(2)Itsnowsalltheyearroundinthat

(distance)littlevillage.

(3)Takeyourtime—it’sjust

shortdistancefromheretotherestaurant.

(4)Wesawlights

thedistance.

distancedistantdistantain完成句子(5)海滩离我家很近,走几步路就到了。Thebeachis

ofmyhouse.

(6)纽约市离波士顿有多远?

betweenNewYorkCityandBoston?

withinwalkingdistance

Whatisthedistance重点句式1Then

came

the

total

darkness

of

the

polar

winter.接着是极地冬天的一片漆黑。(教材p.36)【句式剖析】本句用了全部倒装结构。主语是thetotaldarknessofthepolarwinter,谓语是came;表示时间的副词Then位于句首,引起全部倒装。Thencameanewdifficulty.接着又出现了一个新困难。【句式拓展】常用的全部倒装结构情况:(1)then,now等时间副词及here,there等方位副词位于句首,句子谓语动词为come,be,go等动词,且句子的主语不是人称代词。Nowcomesthemomentofdecision.决定的时刻到了。Herecomesthebus.公共汽车来啦!Theregoesthebell.铃响了。(2)表示方位的介词短语位于句首,句子谓语是表示存在意义的动词,如be,lie,stand,sit等。Infrontoftheclassroomstandsabigtree.教室的前面有一棵大树。(3)therebe句型属于全部倒装。该句型中be还可用appear,lie,live,stand,remain,exist等表示存在意义的动词替换。ThereoncelivedinGreeceaverywiseman.以前在希腊住着一位大贤人。【迁移应用】用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Look!There

(come)theshopkeeper.

(2)Here

(be)coatsforyoungpeople.

(3)—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet.Look!There

(come)therestofourguests!

(4)Amongthecrises

(be)thelackofnaturalresources.

(5)Amongtheguests

(stand)Mary.

comesarecomeisstands

完成句子(6)现在轮到你了。Now

.

(7)约翰打开门,那里站着一个他从未见过的女孩。Johnopenedthedoor.

agirlhehadneverseenbefore.

(8)张教授走进大厅,接着进来的是抱着一摞书的助理。ProfessorZhangcameintothehall,and

hisassistantcarryingapileofbooks.

comesyourturn

Therestoodthenfollowed2Amundsen

was

the

first

to

leave

on

8

September,1911.1911年9月8日,阿蒙森第一个离开。(教材p.36)【句式剖析】句中的toleave是动词不定式,作定语。当被修饰词是序数词或被序数词修饰时,通常用动词不定式作后置定语。被修饰词与动词不定式之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。JaneGoodallwasthefirstwomantostudytheconnectionsbetweenchimpsandhumanbeings.简·古道尔