Happy暑假我的作业君（版）高一英语动名词和分词在短文填空中应用

学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精学必求其心得，业必贵于专精专题11动名词和分词在短文填空中应用【理论回顾】动名词的语法功能动名词是一种_________________形式，其结构为“动词原形+ing”。动名词既具有动词特点，又具有名词特点。动名词词在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。1。动名词作主语动名词是由_____________变化而来,所以，动名词的意义也是表示某个动作或事情。例如:ReadingEnglishaloudinthemorningwilldoyoualotofgood。Cheatingonanexamruinsone’scharacter.2.动名词作表语动名词作表语时相当于名词,说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可用副词来修饰。如：Myjobislookingafterthechildren。=Lookingafterthechildrenismyjob.3。动名词作宾语能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类：一类是只能用动名词作宾语的动词，其中有:avoid、consider、advise、dislike、enjoy、excuse、finish、giveup等。另一类是既可以用动名词，又可以用不定式作宾语的动词，其中有：begin、forget、hate、like、plan、prefer等。如：Ienjoyworkingwithyou。动名词作状语动名词（短语）可以和about，against，at,before,after，by,for,besides等介词构成短语,在句中作状语，如：Theybrokeinloudcheersonhearingthenews.Sheleftwithoutsayinggood—byetous。分词的语法功能分词可分为_________________和_________________两种。现在分词的形式同动名词一样，在动词后面加ing。而过去分词的形式则在动词后面加ed.分词在句中可起形容词或副词的作用，作定语、状语或表语。1。分词作表语分词做表语有两种情况，一种是_________________做表语，一种是_________________做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等现在分词含义是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”.所以，凡表示“令人……的"都是_______________，凡是表示“感到……”都用_____________。例如:Thepresentsituationisterrifying。2.分词作定语现在分词作定语时，它所修饰的名词通常就是现在分词的_____________，并且通常可转换成一个___________。单个的分词作定语可以置于被修饰词语之前，但若是分词短语作定语则应置于被修饰名词之后：Thereisagentlemanaskingtoseeyou。3.分词作状语现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是_________________。例如：Hewentoutshuttingthedoorbehindhim.Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是_________________。例如：Givenmoreattention，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.Facedwithdifficulties，wemusttrytoovercomethem.【想一想】如果在给出提示动词的情况下，已经确定要填非谓语动词形式，那么怎么确定具体形式呢？【练一练】A篇I’majournalistforChinaDaily.Iwanttotellyou1unforgettableexperiencetoday.Onedaylastyear，Iwasabout2(leave）myofficewhensuddenlyIreceivedaphonecall。Mysister3(work）inPeople’sHospitaltoldmethataboywas4（terrible）burntbyboilingwaterandwasdying.Ihurriedtothehospitalandaskedthepeoplearound5hadhappened。Theboy'sneighbortoldmethattheboyhadtolivealonebecausebothofhisparentswereworkinginanothercityand6ofhisrelativeswaswillingtotakecareofhim.Onlyonfestivals7hisparentsreturnhome。Inthatcase,theboycooked8himselfeveryday.Ilookedatthepoorboy9skinwascharredandswollen,feelingverysad.Hisdoctortoldmethathisnerves10（damage）andhewasunconsciousnow.Iwanttoasktheboy’sparents，“Ifyoursonhaddied,whatwouldyouuseyourmoneyfor？"1。_________2。_________3._________4。________5.__________6._________7._________8._________9.________10.__________B篇Therewasonceaboywhohadatemper.Hisfathergavehimabagofnailsandtoldhimthateverytimehelosthistemper，he___1__hammeranailintothebackofthefence.Thefirstdaytheboy___2__（drive）37nailsintothefence。Overthenextfewweeksashelearnedtocontrolhisanger，thenumberofnailshammered___3__（gradual)decreased。Hediscovered___4__waseasiertoholdhistemperthantodrivenailsintothefence.Finallythedaycame___5__hedidn’tlosehistemper.Hetoldhisfatherandhisfathersuggestedthattheboynow___6__（pull)outonenailforeachdaysothathewasabletoholdhisanger.Thedayspassedandtheboytoldhisfatherthatallthenailsweregone.Thefathertooktheboy___7__thehandandledhimtothefence.Hesaid，“Lookattheholesinthefence.Thefencewillneverbethesame.Whenyousaythingsinanger;theyleaveascar(疤痕)justlikethe___8__onthefence。Itwon’tmatterhowmanytimesyousayIamsorry，___9__woundisstillthere。Averbalwoundisasbadasaphysicalone.Friendsareveryrare.Theymakeyousmileandencourageyou___10__(success).Theylendanear,andalwayswanttoopentheirheartstous.”1._________2._________3._________4._________5._________6。_________7。_________8._________9。_________10._________C篇Ajoblessmanappliedforthepositionof“officeboy”atabigfirm.TheHRmanager___1__（interview)him，thenatest：cleanthefloor。“Youarehired,"hesaid,“givemeyouremailaddress，___2__I’llsendyoutheapplicationtofill."Themanreplied“Idon’thaveacomputer,___3__anemail"。“I’msorry,”saidtheHRmanager，“thatmeansyoudonotexist.And___4__doesn’texistcannothavethejob.”Themanleft___5__nohopeatall。Hedidn'tknowwhattodo,withonly＄10inhispocket.Hethendecidedtogotothesupermarketandbuya10KGtomatocrate.Hethensoldthetomatoesinadoortodoorround.Inlessthantwohours，he___6__（success）indoublinghiscapital。Herepeatedtheoperation3times，andreturnedhomewith＄60.5yearslater，themanisoneofthe___7__(big)foodretailers（零售商）intheUS。Hestartedtoplanhisfamily'sfuture，anddecidedtohavealifeinsurance.Hecalled___8__insurancebroker,andchoseaprotectionplan。Whentheconversationwasconcluded，thebrokeraskedhimhisemail。Themanreplied：“Idon'thaveanemail”.Thebrokerreplied___9__（curious),“Youdon’thaveanemail，andyethaveestablishedanempire!Doyouimagine___10__youcouldhavebeenifyouhadanemail?Themanthoughtforawhile，andreplied:“Anofficeboy!”1._________2。_________3。_________4._________5._________6。_