2023-北京高考英语真题

2024-北京高考英语真题2024-北京高考英语真题(含答案)

2024年高考英语真题卷（北京卷）

一、单项填空

1.（2024?北京）—Hi,I'mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven'tseenyouaround?—Hello,Peter.I'mBob.Ijust_________onMonday.

A.start

B.havestarted

C.started

D.hadstarted

2.（2024?北京）_________wedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.

A.Although

B.While

C.If

D.Until

3.（2024?北京）_________alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.

A.Travel

B.Traveling

C.Havingtraveled

D.Traveled

4.（2024?北京）Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband_________asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.

A.isworking

B.wasworking

C.hasworked

D.hadworked

5.（2024?北京）Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.

A.which

B.who

C.as

D.that

6.（2024?北京）DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether_________ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.

A.share

B.toshare

C.havingshared

D.shared

7.（2024?北京）China'shigh-speedrailways_________from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.

A.aregrowing

B.havegrown

C.willgrow

D.hadgrown

8.（2024?北京）Inanyunsafesituation,simply_________thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.

A.press

B.topress

C.pressing

D.pressed

9.（2024?北京）Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________inthemountainsfortwodays.

A.aretrapping

B.havebeentrapped

C.weretrapping

D.hadbeentrapped

10.（2024?北京）Ordinarysoap,_________correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.

A.used

B.touse

C.using

D.use

11.（2024?北京）Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe_________wearenow.

A.how

B.when

C.where

D.why

12.（2024?北京）Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforapany.

A.need

B.should

C.can

D.must

13.（2024?北京）Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________afewmorekilometers.

A.drove

B.woulddrive

C.weretodrive

D.haddriven

14.（2024?北京）—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee'soffice.—Goodmorning.I'dliketomakeanappointment_________nextWednesdayafternoon.

A.for

B.on

C.in

D.at

15.（2024?北京）Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.

A.how

B.which

C.that

D.what

二、完形填空

16.（2024?北京）完形填空TheHomelessHero

Formany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incashwouldbeasource（来源）oftemptation（诱惑）.Butthe1wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith2moreremarkable.

Afterspottinga3onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe4toreturn.

Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he5insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact（联系）thedriver,onlyto6itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.

Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter7anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar'sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar—whichwasitselfworth￡35,000—inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere8tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas9.

ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis10.

Mr.Andersonsaid：＂Icouldn'tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight11hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand12hedidn'ttakethewalletforhimself；hethoughtaboutothers13.It'sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare14guysoutthere.＂

Mr.Smith'sact15muchofthepublic'sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson16abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.

NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto17moneyforMr.

Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8,000.＂Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown18himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghiminthestreet;he'shadjob19andallsorts,＂Mr.Andersonmented.

ForMr.Smith,thisisapossiblelife-changing20.Thestoryonceagaintellsusthatonegoodturndeservesanother.

1.A.hopeB.aimC.urgeD.effort

2.A.stillB.evenC.everD.once

3.A.walletB.bagC.boxD.parcel

4.A.partnerB.colleagueC.ownerD.policeman

5.A.turnedB.hidC.steppedD.reached

6.A.discoverB.collectC.checkD.believe

7.A.takingB.leavingC.readingD.writing

8.A.satisfiedB.excitedC.amusedD.shocked

9.A.safeB.missingC.foundD.seen

10.A.serviceB.supportC.kindnessD.encouragement

11.A.whenB.ifC.whereD.because

12.A.ratherB.yetC.alreadyD.just

13.A.tooB.thoughC.againD.instead

14.A.honestB.politeC.richD.generous

15.A.gaveB.paidC.castD.drew

16.A.learnedB.postedC.caredD.heard

17.A.borrowB.raiseC.saveD.earn

18.A.ofB.atC.forD.in

19.A.detailsB.changesC.offersD.applications

20.A.lessonB.adventureC.chanceD.challenge

三、阅读理解

17.（2024?北京）阅读理解A

MyFirstMarathon（马拉松）

Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.

Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas＂notathletic＂.

TheideathatIwas＂notathletic＂stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutpetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!

Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.

Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋带)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!

Atmile3,Ipassedasign:＂GOFORIT,RUNNERS!＂

Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

Bymile21,Iwasstarving!

AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.

Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.

Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗标签),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂.

（1）Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor____________.

A.waswelltrained

B.feltscared

C.madeuphismindtorun

D.losthope

（2）WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?

A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.

B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.

C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.

D.Toshareapreciousmemory.

（3）Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon?

A.Hemadeit.

B.Hequithalfway.

C.Hegotthefirstprize.

D.Hewalkedtotheend.

（4）Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?

A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.

C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.

18.（2024?北京）阅读理解B

FindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)Center

Ifyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.

Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theyetocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-worldapplicationsforwhatthey'restudyingintheclassroom.

Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(荣誉徽章).AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模拟)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(驾驶舱)ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwater-andland-survivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof＂downed＂pilot.

Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.

Allthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.

Stayanhourorstayaweek—thereissomethinghereforeveryone!

Formoredetails,pleasevisitusonlineat.oursac..

（1）WhydopeopleetoSAC?

A.Toexperienceadventures.

B.Tolookforjobsinaviation.

C.Togetadegreeinengineering.

D.Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.

（2）ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto.

A.flytospace

B.getanAviationbadgefirst

C.studytheprinciplesofflight

D.buildandfiremodelrockets

（3）Whatisthemostimportantfortrainees?

A.Leadership.

B.Teamspirit.

C.Taskplanning.

D.Survivalskills.

19.（2024?北京）阅读理解C

Plastic-EatingWorms

Humansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋场),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.

ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonamercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms'chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊状物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2024.

FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.＂Waxisaplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,＂she

explains,＂Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.＂JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(肠道微生物)?

Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂

（1）Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?

A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.

B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.

C.Theycanconsumeplastics.

D.Theywindupinlandfills.

（2）AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto.

A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdown

B.findoutthesourceoftheenzyme

C.confirmtheresearchfindings

D.increasethebreakdownspeed

（3）Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight.

A.helptoraiseworms

B.helpmakeplasticbags

C.beusedtocleantheoceans

D.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture

（4）Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.

B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.

C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.

D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.

20.（2024?北京）阅读理解D

PreparingCitiesforRobotCars

Thepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforpaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforpaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforpaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonour

roads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.

Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.

Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(叫车)services.

AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstmerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(责任与维护问题).Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebeefortablewiththetechnology.

Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Theingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureising.Wejusthavetoplanforit.

（1）Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.

A.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblems

B.providebetterservicestocustomers

C.causedamagetoourenvironment

D.makesomepeoplelosejobs

（2）Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?

A.Safety.

B.Sideeffects.

C.Affordability.

D.Management.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂fielded＂inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Employed.

B.Replaced.

C.Shared.

D.Reduced.

（4）Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?

A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.

C.Disapproving.

D.Sympathetic.

四、任务型阅读

21.（2024?北京）任务型阅读WhyDoWeGetAngry?

Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering（触发）events,personalitytraits（特征）,andourassessmentofsituations.________

Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herearesomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.________Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone'spersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.

Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithpetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.________Also,sometimespre-angerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.

________Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbeesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消极的)outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.

________However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbyprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.

A.Ourattitudeandviewpointonsituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.

B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.

C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.

D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.

E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundof

yourmind.

F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselves

withacriticaleye.

G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmay

ormaynottriggeranother.

五、书面表达

22.（2024?北京）假设你是红星中学高三同学李华，你的英国伴侣Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感爱好，方案明年来北京上高校。他向你询问相关信息。请给他回邮件，内容包括：

1）表示欢迎；

2）推举他上哪所高校；

3）建议他做哪些预备工作。

留意：1）词数不少于50；

2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

DearJim,

________

Yours,

LiHua

23.（2024?北京）假设你是红星中学高三同学李华，请依据以下四幅图的先后挨次，写一篇英文周记，记述你们上周接待外国同学，带领他们体验中国茶文化的全过程。

留意：词数不少于60。

答案解析部分

一、单项填空

1.C

2.C

3.B

4.B

5.A

6.B

7.B

8.A

9.D10.A11.C12.C13.D14.A15.D

二、完形填空

16.（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）C；（5）D；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）C；（11）A；（12）B；（13）D；（14）A；（15）D；（16）B；（17）B；（18）D；（19）C；（20）C；

三、阅读理解

17.（1）C（2）C（3）A（4）B

18.（1）A（2）D（3）B

19.（1）C（2）B（3）D（4）C

20.（1）A（2）D（3）A（4）B

四、任务型阅读

21.F；G；E；A；D

五、书面表达

22.

DearJim,

I'msogladtohearyourfutu