第五届计算机辅助翻译与技术传播大赛初赛试题

TheFifthCompetitionforCompuidedTranslationandTechnicalDaylightSavingTime:WhyDoesItThereasontheUnitedStatesandmanyothercountries,mostlyintheWest,shifttodaylightsavingtimeiscontentiousandconfusing,andsomeofthemorepopularexnationsarenotgroundedinreality.(Itisn’tforfarmers,asyoumayhavelearnedinschool.)Thegeneralconceptistomoveanhourofsunlightfromtheearlymorning,whenmanywouldsleepthroughit,totheevening,whenyoucouldmostlikelydomorewiththelight.“Formostpeople,anextrahourofdaylightintheeveningafterworkorafterschoolismuoreusablethanthehourofdaylightinthemorning,”saidDavidPrerau,theauthorof“SeizetheDaylight.”Theideawasoriginallyrootedinsavingcandlewax,noHistorianshavetracedthenotionbacktoBenjaminFranklin,whorealizedhewassleethroughsomedaylighthourswhilevisitingParisinthe18thcentury.HesuggestedFrenchofficialsshootcannonsatsunrisetojoltpeopleoutofbed,optimizingtheamountofhourstheyspentawakewhenit’slightout.Thatway,theycouldcutdownonusingcandlestolighttheirhomeswhileawake,Mr.Prerausaid.ButthefirstideatomovetheclockhandscamefromWilliamWillett,whounsuccessfullyproposedittotheBritishParliamentin1908.Germany,however,seekingcostsavingsduringWorldWarI,heardtheideaandenacteditin1915.Threeweekslater,theBritishfollowed,andotherworldpowerswereclosebehind,ludingtheUnitedStatesin1918.Reducingenergyconsumptionisstilloftencitedasachiefdriverofdaylightsavingtime,butexpertscan’tagreeonwhetherthatisactuallyaresult.Therehavebeenmanyingstudies.Mr.Downingsaidtheideawasoriginallybasedonhaving“aneight-houreconomy,”buectricitydemandisnolongerbasedonsunrisesandsunsets—notwhenthere’sair遇到需要帮忙的事情，彼此间是求得上的。关于这类朋友，前贤苛评。克雷洛夫说：“当你遇到时，把朋友们找来，你会得到各种好的忠告。可是，只要你吐温说：“神圣的友谊如此、忠贞、稳固而长久，以致能伴随人的整个一生——如果不要求借钱的话。”亚里说得更干脆：“啊，朋友，世上并不存在朋友。”不愿意把人心想象得这么坏，事实上也没有这么坏，相信只要请求是对方力所能及的，大多数熟人一定会酌情相助。只是这个了图清静，也不喜欢把精力耗费在礼尚往来的应酬上。所以，和一般人的交往心目中的朋友，既非泛泛之交的熟人，也不必是心心相印的，程度当在两者之间。在上也有些这样的人，不见面时会互相惦记，见了面能感觉到一种默契，在一起度过一段愉快的时光，他们便是心目中的朋友了。果粉状告苹果公司索赔1元案