历年高中生英语学业水平知识点

历年高中生英语学业水平知识点高中英语学业水平考试知识点1Worriedaboutthejourney,Iwasunsettledforthefirstfewdays.Well-knownfortheirexpertise,hisparents'companyConfusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成被动关系，表示被动和完成，VI过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。Heated,waterchangesintosteam.Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.1作原因状语，等于as/since/because引导从句Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn'thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…2作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，如果分词表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/while/until等使时间意义更明确。Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…3作条件状语等于if/whether引导从句persuadesb.outofdoingsth.说服某人不要做某事persuadesb.that—clause使某人相信联想拓展talksb.into/outofdoingsth.=reasonsb.into/outofdoingsth.说服某人做/不做某事tricksb.into/outofdoingsth.诱使某人做/不做某事urgesb.into/outofdoingsth.怂恿某人做/不做某事易混辨析advise/persuadeadvise强调"劝告，建议”的动作，不注重结果；而persuade强调"已经说服"，重在结果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作宾语，也可以接that-clause(thatsb.shoulddo),而persuade则不能。Ipersuadedhimofitstruth.我使他相信这是真的。Wewillpersuadehimtotakethemedicine.我们将说服他把药吃下去。Wepersuadedherintotakingthejob.我们说服她接受了这份工作。Ipersuadedmyfatheroutofsmoking.我劝服父亲戒了烟。高中英语学业水平考试知识点5重点单词honestadj.诚实的ancientdj.古代的competevi.比赛competitorn.竞争者medaln.奖章hostvt.主办magicaladj.魔术的interviewvt.面谈athleten.运动员admitvt.承认setn.组slaven.奴隶stadiumn.露天大型体育场gymnasiumn.健身房replacevt.取代prizen.奖slivern.银physicaladj.物理的rootn.根relatevt.有关sailvt.航行postern.海报advertisevt.做广告foolishadj.愚蠢的promisevt.&n.答应goldenadj.金的重点短语takepartin参加usedto过去常常changeone1smind改变主意playanimportantrolein在...中起重要作用competeagainst/for与...比赛workout计算出makesure有把握asetof一组aswellas也；又everyfouryears每四年oneafteranother陆续地allovertheworld遍及世界asamatteroffact事实上pickup拾起全文3813字Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….Comparedwithyou,westillhavealongwaytogo=(Ifwearecomparedwithyou4作方式或伴随状语Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.5作让步状语Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….6独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表示伴随情况。Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.RewritewithproperconjunctionsExample：Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.fWhenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Ifweweregivenmoretime,OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,Deeplyinterestedinmedicine,shedecidedtobecomeadoctor.Becauseshewasdeeplyinterestedinmedicine,Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,现在分词与过去分词作状语现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，；而过去分词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn'thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent,(see)选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例如：Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用注意：1.系表示主语所处的状态inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)belostinbedressedinbeinterestedinbedevotedtobesupposedto?becaughtintherainbeseatedinbepreparedforbedeterminedto2.不与主语保持一致的固定结构generallyspeaking一般说来strictly/franklyspeaking严格地说/坦白地说judgingfrom从•一判断allthingsconsidered从整体来看takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看来例如：Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的动作)Practice.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexaminebynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.Theladyreturnedhome,bytwopolicemen.Afterhavingbeencarefully,theroomwaslockedagain..in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.Ifinaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.Althoughintheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.高中英语学业水平考试知识点2chatvi.&n.聊天；闲聊［典例］.Whatwereyouchattingtohimabout?2).Ihadalongchatwithher(aboutherjob).［重点用法］chatto/withsb(aboutsth)=haveachatwithsb(aboutsth)与某人聊天、闲谈……eastwardadv,向东adj.向东的；朝东的［典例］.Theyweretravelingeastward(s)tothecitywhichappearedintheirdreams.他们朝着东边向梦想中的城市进发。.Theplanefliedinaneastwarddirection.［词语归纳］eastward(s)adj./adv.adj./adv.向西的，向西地eastward(s)adj./adv.adj./adv.向西的，向西地向东的，向东地westward(s)southward(s)adj./adv.向南的，向南地southward(s)adj./adv.向南的，向南地northward(s)adj./adv.向北的，向北地向东南的，向东南地向东北的，向东北地向西南的，向西南地向东北的，向东北地southeastward(s)adj./adv.向东南的，向东南地向东北的，向东北地向西南的，向西南地向东北的，向东北地northeastward(s)adj./adv.southwestward(s)adj./adv.northwestward(s)adj./adv.surroundvt.&vi.包围;围绕surroundingadj.周围的surroundings(常用pl.)环境［典例］.Treessurroundthepond..Thehousewassurroundedbyhighwalls.［重点用法］surround...with...用包围besurroundedby/with...周围者□是measurevi.&vt.测量；衡量；判定n.［c,u］尺寸；量具；计量单位;措施［典例］.Canyoumeasureaccuratelywiththisruler?用这把尺子能量得准吗？.It'shardtomeasurehisabilitywhenwehaven,tseenhiswork.没有见过他的作品，很难估计他的能力。［重点用法］measureAbyB用B衡量Asth.measures2metresby4metres某物长4米宽2米measuresb.forasuit=makeasuittosb,smeasure给某人量身做一套衣服mixvt.&vi.混合；调配mixturen.［u,c］混合(物)；混合状态［典例］.Thechemistmixed(up)somemedicineforme..Oilandwaterdon'tmix..Oilwon'tmixwithwater.［词语归纳］mix的短语:mixAand/withB把甲与乙拌和起来mixsth.up把某物拌和;混淆某物mixsth.in/into把某物掺进去be/getmixedupwithsth./sb.与某事有关；与某人混在一起nearbyadj.附近的;邻近的adv.在附近［典例］.Hermotherlivedinanearbytown.2).Hermotherlivednearby.［重点用法］nearby作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词之前。如：Therewerecomplaintsfromnearbyresidents/residentsnearby.terrifyvt.使恐怖；恐吓terrifiedadj.恐惧的；受惊吓的terrifyingadj.（令人）可怕的［典例］.Heterrifiedhischildrenwithghoststories..Herhusband'sviolenceterrifiedher.她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐惧。［重点用法］beterrifiedat/bysth.被某事（物）恐吓beterrifiedofsth.=beafraidof害怕某事（物）impressvt.使印象深刻；使铭记impressionn.［c］印象;感想impressiveadj.给人印象深刻的［典例］.Thesi