2023版高考英语一轮复习话题练第17练科普知识与现代技术练习

2024版高考英语一轮复习话题练第17练科普知识与现代技术练习第17练科普学问与现代技术

基础巩固

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．TheInternethasenabledus________________(know)andunderstandthewholeworldmuchbetter.

2．However，someofscientificinventionshaveevencausedgreatharm________mankind.3．Therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology________________(bring)aboutgreatchangestohumanlifesofar.

4．Iwilltellyou________(direct)thatscientistsarethosewhopromotethesocialprogress.

5．In18thcentury，the________(invent)ofthesteamengineledtothefirstIndustrialRevolution.6．Weneedtoacceptthefactthatthesemoderninventionshavebroughtmuch________(convenient)tous.

7．Incontrast，thisconditionjustindicatesthatourlifeisconnected________moderninventionsclosely.8．WhyIsayitnormalisbecauseIbelievethatnothingis________(absolute)goodandrightforus.

9．Exceptforthemoderninventionsoftransport，thereareplentyofotherthings，________(include)robots.

10．Wecandomanythingsthatwedidn’thavetheabilitytodointhepastby________(use)robots.

11．Ifourgovernmentdoitwell，I________(full)believethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus.

12．Weliveinanage________moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.13．Thenewtechnology，if________(apply)toricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.

14．Hethoughtthatthekeyto________(feed)peoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.15．Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmodern________(invent)inourlife—theputernetwork.

话题词汇

1．advantagen．优势

2．artificialadj.人造的，人工的

3．negativeeffect负面影响

4．breakthroughn．突破

5．surftheInternet上网

6．explorev．探究

7．conveniencen．便利

8．withthedevelopmentof...随着……的进展

9．changeone’slife转变某人的生活

10．drawbackn．缺点，不利条件

力量提升

Ⅱ.阅读理解

(2024·辽宁葫芦岛一模)

AccordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland，sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.

Thefarmanimals，whoaresocialandhavelargebrains，werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother，aswellasfamiliarhumans.However，theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.

Therecentstudy，theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSocietyshowedthatthewoollycreaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces，includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.

Initially，thesheepweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later，theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle，thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percent—thesamerateatwhichahuman’sabilitytoperformthesametaskdeclines.“Anyonewhohasspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligentandindividualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers.”saidProfessorJennyMorton，wholedtheCambridgestudy.“We’veshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedface-recognitionabilities，closetothoseofhumansandmonkeys.”

Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportantsocialskillsforhumanbeings，andsomedisordersofthebrain，includingHuntington’sdisease，affectthisability.

“Sheeparelong-livedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain，

suchasHuntington’sdiseasethatdevelopoveralongtimeandaffectcognitive(认知的)abilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange.”Mortonsaid.

16．Accordingtothenewresearch，what’sunusualaboutsheep?A．Theyhavelargebrains.

B．Theycanrecognizetheirowners.

C．Theycantellanimalsfromhumans.D．Theycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.17．Howdidtheresearcherstrainthesheep?

A．Bygivingfoodrewards.

B．Byshowingphotosoffamouspeople.

C．Byguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.D．Byshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.18．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A．Sheephaveahigherface-recognitionabilitythanmonkeys.B．Thenewdiscoveryisofgreatbenefittothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.C．Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.D．Thesheep’sface-recognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.19．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A．AWonderfulScientist

B．TheLifeofSheep

C．ANewDiscoveryAboutSheep

D．HowSheepRecognizeEachOther

Ⅲ.完形填空

IwasconfusedwhileIwaseatinglunchinarestauranttheotherday.IwassittingtherelookingatwhatI’d__20__andwonderedifanyoneelsecouldseethe__21__inmymind.I’maboutto__22__alotoffatandwashitdownwithadietsoda.

WhatcanIsay？I’mtryingtolosesomeweight.__23__，Idothingslikethatallthetime，whichisprobablywhythepoundsare__24__soslowly.Ispendhalfanhouronthetreadmill(跑步机)andI__25__myselfwithpotatochips.I__26__thatIwillnolongereatthemagain，soIjusteatalotatthistime.Imakeitallthewaythroughtheentiredaydoingeverythingabsolutelyright，andthenatbedtime“justonechipwon’t__27__it”turnsinto“wheredidthatentirebagofpotatochipsgo？”

Ofcourse，I__28__dowellwithmyweightlossprogram.OnceIputtogethertwofullweeksofeatingproperlyandexercising__29__.Iwasstartingtofeela(n)

__30__.Icouldbendovertotiemyshoesmoreeasily.Butjustasitwasabouttobeea__31__，Ienteredaperiodoflong，latenightsfilledwith__32__deadlines.Isatinfrontofmyputer，eatingsnacksanddrinkingsodastohelpmestay__33__.Withinafewdays，thehabitofasensibleeatingandexercisingwasa__34__.

Unfortunatebut__35__，Iwastootiredtogetonthetreadmill.__36__，Ihadworktodo，forwhichIneededalltheenergyIcould__37__.SoIstartedskippingexercisesessions.And__38__Istarteddoingso，itbecameeasiertoskipthem.

Therearealwaysreasonsnottodothethingsthatwereallyshoulddo.Everyreasonisjustanother__39__.

20．A.cookedB．ordered

C．designedD．introduced

21．A.battleB．petition

C．performanceD．practice

22．A.burnB．contain

C．loseD．consume

23．A.SurprisinglyB．Happily

C．UnfortunatelyD．Hopefully

24．A.ingoffB．passingaway

C．takingoffD．turningaway

25．A.equipB．connect

C．presentD．reward

26．A.agreeB．pretend

C．imagineD．decide

27．A.hurtB．count

C．changeD．solve

28．A.alwaysB．sometimes

C．seldomD．never

29．A.hardlyB．instantly

C．regularlyD．slightly

30．A.urgeB．attraction

C．differenceD．pain

31．A.planB．habit

C．gameD．hobby

32．A.originalB．mon

C．inspiringD．tight

33．A.awakeB．calm

C．healthyD．strong

34．A.goalB．memory

C．realityD．trend

35．A.unbelievableB．changeable

C．understandableD．enjoyable

36．A.ThereforeB．However

C．BesidesD．Otherwise

37．A.lackB．save

C．showD．throw

38．A.onceB．before

C．unlessD．though

39．A.choiceB．fault

C．causeD．excuse

Ⅳ.应用文写作

假定你是班长李华，请依据以下内容给新任外教Smith先生写一封信，向他表示欢迎并转达同学们对英语课的建议：

1．介绍西方文化；

2．组织多种多样的活动；

3．关注同学发音，提高听说力量。

留意：

1．词数80左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；

2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

DearMrSmith，

I’mwritingonbehalfofmyclasstoextendourwarmweletoyou.________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________Thankyouverymuch.Wearelookingforwardtomeetingyousoon!

Yourstruly，

LiHua

答案精析话题练

Ⅰ.1.toknow2.to3.hasbrought4.directly5.invention6.convenience7.with8.absolutely9.including10.using11.fully12.when13.applied14.feeding15.inventions

Ⅱ.

语篇解读本文介绍了一项新的讨论成果：绵羊能够从照片中识别人脸。

16．D

17．A

18．B

19．C

Ⅲ.

20．B

21．A

22．D

23．C

24．A

25．D

26．D