高考英语形容词用法课件

高考中的初中英语语法知识

第三讲：形容词、副词

(一)形容词、副词的作用与位置形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词动词、其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记：高考中的初中英语语法知识(1形容词短语作定语，定语后置。eg.alanguagedifficulttomasteraleaningtowerabout180feethigh2.表语形容词（afraid,alike,alone,asleep,awake,alive等）作定语，定语后置如amanalive有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well,faint,ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”。3.形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词通常后置。4.else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。形容词短语作定语，定语后置。25.enough,nearly等修饰名词前置或后置均可。但enough修饰形容词、副词时必须后置。6.几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，一般是：方式－地点－时间。WehadagoodtimetogetheroutdoorslastSunday.7.频度副词often,always,usually等放在be之后、行为动词前。8.副词作定语，定语后置。Thepeopletherearefriendly5.enough,nearly等修饰名词前置或后置均可39.多个形容词修饰同一名词的顺序。限定词（冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词）数（序数词、基数词）形（大小、长短、形状）记住：限－数－描－形－新－颜－国－材（＋名词）Eg.ThefirstbeautifullargelongnewredChineseconcretebridge.

请译：一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。anicebignewChinesechinavase.9.多个形容词修饰同一名词的顺序。Eg.Thefir410.以－ly结尾的词性辨析1）下列单词以－ly结尾（并非副词）lively,lonely,lovelydeadly,friendlyugly,silly,likelybrotherlytimely.空间与抽象close-closely,high-highly,low–lowly,deep-deeply

3）有无ly意义大不相同的副词dead完全绝对-deadlylate–lately(最近）10.以－ly结尾的词性辨析3）有无ly意义大不相同的5（二）复合形容词的构成形＋名＋edkind-heartedwhite–haired形＋形red–hotdark–blue形＋现分good–lookingeasy–going副词＋现分hard–workingfast–moving副词＋过分hard–wonnewly–made名＋形life–longworld–famous名＋现分peace–lovingfun–loving8.名＋过分snow–coveredhand–made9.数＋名＋edfourstoreyedthree–legged10.数＋名ten-yeartwo-man（二）复合形容词的构成6（三）形容词与副词的比较等级原级的构成和用法构成：形容词、副词的原级即本身用法：表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面相等时用“as+原级＋as”不等时用“notso/as+原级＋as”倍数用“倍数＋as+原级＋as”Eg:XiaoWangisastallasXiaoYu.

Thisbuildinglooksnotso/ashighasthatone.

MissLiuspeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyou.

Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.（三）形容词与副词的比较等级Eg:XiaoWang72.比较级和最高级的构成1）规则形容词、副词的比较级和最高级（4种）2）不规则的形容词、副词的级要特殊记。good/well-bad/ill-many/much-little-far-old-3.比较级的用法1）双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级＋than“的结构如Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.2）表示一方不及另一方时，用“less+原级＋than”结构Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.3)表示一方在程度或数量上超过另一方时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如even,alot,abit,alittle,still,much,far,yet,byfar等修饰。

2.比较级和最高级的构成3.比较级的用法8如heworksevenharderthanbefore注意：byfar通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级一般放在比较级的后面，若放在前面，应在二者中间加the.如：Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.4)表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the+比较级（主语＋谓语）the+比较级（主语＋谓语）”结构（越….越…）Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.5)不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级＋and+比较级”结构。Thegirlbecomesmoreandmorebeautiful.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.如heworksevenharderthanb96）某些以－ior结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替than.这些词有inferior(劣等的，次的），superior,junior(资历较浅的）,senior。如：heissuperiortoMrZhanginchemistry.7)倍数表达法Ais+倍数thesize(height/length/width/depth)ofBAis+倍数＋as…asBAis+倍数＋比较级thanB注意：times表三倍以上，两倍用twice/double译：我们的学校比他们的学校大三倍。（三种方法）6）某些以－ior结尾的形容词进行比较时，7)倍数表达104最高级的用法1）三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the+最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。如：ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.2)最高级可被序数词以及much,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notquite,notreally,nothinglike(没有什么能比得上）等修饰。如：Thishatisbyfarthebiggest.Howmuchdidthesecondmostexpensivehatcost?3)表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent,extreme,perfect等没有最高级，也没有比较级。4最高级的用法2)最高级可被序数词以及much,b114）形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的的词往往省略。如：Heisthetallestboyinhisclass.5)作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。5.由as/so组成的形容词或副词短语。1）asmuchas+不可数名词数量。如：Eachstoneweighsasmuchas15tons.Shecouldearnasmuchastendollarsaweek.2)asmanyas+可数名词数量如：Ihaveasmanyassixteenreferencebooks.3)asearlyas早在AsearlyasthetwelfthcenturytheEnglishbegantoinvadetheisland.4）形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，5.由124)asfaras远道，就…而言Wemightgoasfarasthechurchandback.AsfarasIknow,hehasbeentherebefore.5)may/mightaswell不妨，不如Thenyoumightaswellstaywithushere.6)as…assbcanbe到了最…的程度，极其Theyareasunreliableastheycanbe.(他们极其不可信）7)as…asonecan=as…aspossible(尽某人可能）Hebegantorunasfastashecould4)asfaras远道，就…而言5)ma136.几组重要词语辨析1）very和much的区别可分等级的形容词和副词前使用very不用much.表示状态的过去分词前用very。如：averyfrightenedboy;averytiredchildaverycomplicatedproblem以-ing,-ed结尾的分词多用much,verymuch,greatly修饰。如：WeweregreatlyshockedbythenewsaboutTom.too前用much或far,不用very,Youaremuch/far/alottoonice.

6.几组重要词语辨析以-ing,-ed结尾的分词14注意：修饰绝对意义的形容词，一般不用very,而用quite,completely,well,entirely等修饰。

如：quitewrong/mistaken/sure;

completelydead;

quiteimpossible,

quiteperfect等。注意：修饰绝对意义的形容词，一般不用very,151.morethan不只是（=notonly)MissLiismorethanateacher.She’sourbestfriend.2.morethan+数词，多于，超过，相当于overThereareover/morethan70studentsinourclass.

3.more…than…与其说…不如说Heismorediligentthanclever7.请区分下列词组1.morethan不只是（=notonly)3.164.morethan极其地，非常地（=very)Theyaremorethansatisfied.5.Thisismorethan+从句此事非某人所能5.sthismorethan+从句(此事非某人所能)Eg:ThisproblemismorethanIcansolve.ThisismorethanIcansay.4.morethan极其地，非常地（=very)5.s176.morethanone不只一个（谓语动词用单数）morethanonce不只这一次Morethanoneperson______thissecret.

7.morethannotmorethan不超过，至多＝atthemostnomorethan仅仅，和…一样少nomore…than两者同样不…notmore…than前者不如后者；不比…更6.morethanone不只一个（谓语动词用单数）188.lessthan(少于）notlessthan(不少于）=atleastnolessthan（和…一样多）=asmuchas

类似地：

nofewerthan=asmanyas和…一样多noworsethan=asgoodas和…一样好nobetterthan=asbadas和…一样坏noricherthan=aspooras和…一样穷nolaterthan=asearlyas和…一样早8.lessthan(少于）类似地：19高考再现（2005北京）This_____girlisLinda’scousin.prettylittleSpanishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish2.(2005天津）MrSmithowns_______collectionofcoinsthananyoneelseIhaveevermet.A.largeBalargerC.thelargerD.alarge3.Marycan’tspeakEnglish_____herfriends,butherwrittenworkisperfect.A.aswellasB.asoftenasC.somuchasD.asgoodasADA高考再现（2005北京）This_____girli204.How______canyoufinishyourcomposition?oftenB.soonC.longD.rapid5.(2005汕头）itwas_____latetocatchabusaftertheparty;thereforewecalledataxi.A.tooveryB.muchtooC.toomuchD.far6.(2005西城区）Ittakesusquitelongtogotherebyship,it’s_____byroad.quickB.thequickestC.mustquickD.quicker7.---HowwasyourlastvisittoShanghai?---Itwasgreat,Ivisitedsomefriends,andspentthe_____daysattheseashore.fewlastsunnyB.lastfewsunnyC.lastsunnyfewD.fewsunnylastBBDB4.How______canyoufinishy218._______terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays?A.HowaB.WhataC.HowD.What9.(2005南京市）Iftherewerenotmuchpressure,weshouldhave______atschool.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiertimeD.amuchhappiertime10.(2005广西）Canyoubelievethatin______arichcountrythereshouldbe_____manyjoblesspeople?A.suchsuchB.suchsoC.sosoD.sosuch11.(2005广州）Ifthemanagerhadtochoosebetweenthetwo,hewouldsayJohnwas_____choice.A.goodB.thebestC.betterDthebetter

DDBD8._______terribleweatherwe’2212.(2005河南）Ifyouare______aboutAustraliancities,justreadthebookwrittenbyDr.Johnson.interestedB.anxiousC.upsetD.curious13.(2005南京）Theteachersinourschoolare______youngpeoplebetweentheageoftwenty-fiveandforty.A.mostB.almostC.mostlyD.atmost14.(2005海淀区）Shetoldus_____storythatweweremovedtotears.suchamovingB.suchmovingaC.soamovingD.asomovingDCA12.(2005河南）Ifyouare______2315.(2005盐城）Afterthenewtechnologywasintroduced,thecompanyproduced______carsin2005astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwiceC.twiceasmanyD.twicemanyas16.(2005江西）—Excuseme,isthisMrHill’soffice?—I’msorry,butMrHill_____workshere.Heleftaboutamonthago.A.notnowB.nomoreC