人教新课标高中英语必修3练习 名师获奖

nit5Canada-“TheTrueNorth”练习与解析2Ⅰ.单项选择childrenweretoldtokeep______thegrass. 答案：Bkeepoff意为“避开，勿触及”，keepoffthegrass含义是“勿踏草坪”。A中of与keep不构成短语动词；C中keepaway应有from才能接宾语；D项，keepfrom,keep不接名词，意为“不沾”“免于”，例如：keepfromlaughing.故C、D两项均被排除。←考查动词短语辨析。’simpossibleforallthepeopletogetthejobsbecause______ofthemarenotfitforthem. all one答案：B本题考查all…not表示部分否定的用法。none表示完全否定，everyoneofthem和not连用，可以构成部分否定，但谓语动词应用is。←本题考查all...not表示部分否定的用法。happylookonhisface______thathehadpassedthefinalexamination. 答案：Bexplain解释；suggest暗示、表明、建议；express表达；describe描述。本句的意思是：他幸福的表情表明他成功地通过了期末考试。←考查动词短语辨析。havetotalk______thehusband______thewife.to;and both;and;and ;or答案：B“同丈夫和妻子谈话”。连词词组both…and连接thehusband和thewife两个相同的成分，谓语动词为talkto，A选项错在both…and连的两个成分不一致，一个为介词短语，一个为名词；C、D两项因为动词talk后面没有介词，不能连宾语。←考查连词词组both...and。livesina______isa______tableinhisroom.;three-leg;three-legs;three-legged;three-leg答案：Cstorey（美国英语用story）指“楼房的层”表示几层楼的形容词可以用数词+streyed/storied构成合成词作定语（不能作表语），如asix-storeyedbuilding。也可以直接用数词接storey，如asixstoreybuilding。←考查合成词作定语。is______theeastofFujian. 答案：C表示在范围之内的东西南北用in，在范围之外的方位用to，既表示范围方位外的又有“毗邻，接壤”的意思时要用on。Taiwan（台湾省）在Fujian（福建省）以东，即Taiwan不属于Fujian的范围。←考查表示方位的介词。youlikeme______atthestationthisafternoon?seeoffyou seeyouoffoffyou youoff答案：Bwouldlikedosth.愿意某人干某事;see给某人送行。←考查动词短语。8.—Whyhaven’tyouboughtanybutter?—I______tobutIforgotaboutit. 答案：Cmeanto(buysomebutter)表示“本意是（要买些黄油）”，用了过去时表示“原打算”，此处将不定式省略，只保留了不定式符号to；liketodosth.意为“喜欢做某事”；expecttodosth.“预期做某事”，这些与上下文题意不符。←动词短语辨析。9.“I’llleavethisjobforabetterone,”he______saywhenhewasscoldedbyhisboss. tousedto 答案：Awould和usedto都可以表示过去的行为，但通常would是在表示过去不大规则的行为时，或主语的关心、感慨等主观因素较强时使用，而usedto则在客观地陈述相当期间的规则行为时使用，含有较强的“今昔对比”的意味，表示过去总是那样，而现在不是那样了。←would与usedto的区别。haslivedinChinafor3years,soshe______tothelifehere. usedused gotused答案：D根据句意“玛丽在中国已生活了三年”所以她应该是“习惯这里的生活”，强调动作的结果，应用完成时hasgotused。←be/getused与usedto的区别及时态。don’trun______fast. 答案;A本题考查形容词的修饰语。that是副词，意为“那样，那么”，相当于so。much一般不修饰原级形容词、副词，故B被排除；填C项句子意义不通；fast本身的比较级为faster，故D项也应被排除。←本题考查形容词的修饰语。builtanothersciencelab______theendoflastterminourschool. 答案：Dby意为“到……为止”，常用于过去完成时或将来；at表示时间点，可用于一般过去时或将来时。←介词短语搭配。treeisastallasa______building. 答案：B“基数词+名词+ed”的形式作定语。如：four-footed（四脚的）；two-faced（两面的）；three-legged（三条腿的）。←“基数词+名词+ed”的形式作定语。you’vegotachance,youmightaswellmakefulluseofit.that soonas答案：A本题中的四个选项都是连词，引导不同类型的状语从句，要根据全句的意思选择不同类型的连词。主句中mightaswell和mayaswell一类表达式可以用于提出建议，nowthat表示原因“既然”，选择此项语意连贯通顺，为最佳答案。←考查连词的用法。hasbeenputforward______moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities. 答案：B本题考查同位语从句中关联词的选用。that引导从句作information的同位语，解释information的具体内容。这句话的意思是“有消息说，更多的中学毕业生将进入大学”。由于information与同位语从句被hasbeenputforward分隔开来，增加了题目的难度。←同位语从句中关联词的选用。Ⅱ.完形填空Ifyouloseyourshirt,youareinabig16.Itmeansyouhavelost17youown,evenyourcanloseyourshirtifyoumakepoorinvestmentsorifyourbusinesssuddenly18,orifyoubet19moneyonalosinghorse20.Losingyourshirtisaterriblething21.Ifyouhavelostallyourmoney,youmay22rollupyourshirtsleevesandgettoyourollupyourshirtsleevesyouare23thatyouare24toworkhard,thatyouarereallyserious25your,rollingupyourshirtsleevesdoesnothelp.Inthatcase,youneedavery26friend,afriendwhoiswillingtogiveyoutheshirtoffhissomeone27youtheshirtoffhisback,heisofferingwhateverhelpyou28.Thisisthekindoffriendtoyouhavelostyourshirtyoudonotneedafriendwhoisastuffedstuffedshirtis29whotakes30toois31tobewith.32hetalksaboutarehisfamilyconnections,hismoney,hisimportantjobs,andthefamouspeoplehe33.Sotakemyadvice,keepyourshirt34andstayawayfromstuffedyouare35enoughtoloseyourshirt,rollupyourshirtsleeves,andfindafriendwhowillgiveyoutheshirtoffhisback. 答案：Btrouble为“麻烦事，困境”。←相似名词辨析。 答案：C根据下文答案应该为everything。←考查不定代词的用法。 答案：D做生意没有成功，失败了。←动词辨析。much toolittle little答案：Atoomuch表示太多的，后加不可数名词。muchtoo后加形容词或副词。←相似短语辨析。 答案：A赛马为horserace。←相似名词辨析。place happen takeplace答案：B动词不定式作后置定语，表示“将发生”。←表示“发生”的短语。to forceforcedto to答案：Cbeforcedto=haveto被迫。←时态和语态题。 答案：Dshow表明，暗示，显示。←动名词考查。 答案：Abereadytodo准备好做某事。←考查相似形容词的用法。 答案：Cbeseriousabout是固定用法，意为“对……严肃认真”。←考查介词的用法。 答案：D好心人才会帮助。←考查形容词的用法。 答案：Aoffer表示“主动提供”。←考查相似动词。 答案：B“任何你所需要的帮助”。←动词相似词考查。 people person答案：D根据whotakes...来判断，先行词为单数，apeople指一个民族。←名词近义词考查。 答案：Ctakehimselftooseriously太看重自己。←考查反身代词。fun funfunny funny答案：Anofun没有乐趣；notfunny不好笑。←fun的用法。 that what答案：A定语从句，省略关系代词that。←关系代词的用法辨析。 答案：C所认识的人。←相似动词辨析。 答案：Dkeep...on穿着。←考查介词用法。 答案：Dunluckily不幸地。←根据句意辨析正确形式。Ⅲ.阅读理解ALOSANGELESELECTBRADLEYMAYORUNSEATINGYORTYBLACKWINS56%OFVOTESBradleycalledhisvictoryoverYorty“thefulfilment(实现)ofadream”.Duringhischildhoodandyouthpeoplehadkepttellinghim,“Youcan’tdothis,youcan’tgothere,becauseyouareaNegro.”Neverthelesshehadwonadecisivevictoryoveramanwhohadbeenthecity’smayorforthreehadwonpercentofthevotes;Yortyhadwonpercent.LosAngelesvotershavehadmanyopportunities(机会）tojudgeThomasBradleyandtoformanopinionofsonofapoorfarmerTexas,hejoinedtheLosAngelespoliceforceinhistwenty-oneyearsonthepoliceforceheearnedalawdegreebyattendingschoolatwaselectedtothecitycouncil(市政厅)tenyearsago.AtthetimeoftheLosAngeleselectionthreeotherAmericancitiesalreadyhadblackmayors,butnoneofthosecitieshadaslargeapopulationasLos,thepercentageofblacksinthoseothercitieswasmuchlarger,Cleveland,Ohio,wasthirty-sixpercentblackwhenCarlStokeswaselectedmayorofClevelandinthesameyearRichardHatcherwaselectedmayorofGary,Indiana,whichwasfifty-fivepercentNewark,NewJersey,sixtypercentofthepopulationwereblackwhenKennethGibsonwaselectedinelectionofablackmayorinthosecitieswasnotverysurprising.InLosAngelesthousandsofwhitecitizensvotedforThomasBradleybecausetheybelievedhewouldbeabettermayorthanthewhitecandidate(候选人).Bradleyhadspentforty-eightofhisfifty-fiveyearsinLosyearsagoBradleylostmayorelectiontotimeBradleywon.theauthor’sopinion,itwassurprisingthat______.whiteswouldvoteforablackmayorblackmayorwouldbeelectedinsuchalargecityblackfromapoorfarmer’sfamilycouldbeelectedmayorofLosAngeleswouldbesomanyblackmayors答案：A推测题。必须对文章的全部事实或细节进行全面考虑。推测作者未提到的事实。←必须对文章的全部事实或细节进行全面考虑推测作者未提到的事实。thepassagewecaninferthatpeople______.forBradleybecauseofhisblackcolour’tcaremuchabouthiscolourwhentheyvotedforhimtogivehimachancetofulfilhisdreamforBradleybecausetheytrustedhim答案：D信息句为：InLosAngelesthousandsofwhitecitizensvotedforThomasBradleybecausetheybelievedhewouldbeabettermayorthanthewhitecandidate(候选人)。←由文章最后一段话可知答案。hitthefrontpageheadlinefor______.wasthefirstblackmayorinhistorywasthefirstblackmayorinthesouthofUSAwasthefirstblackmayorofoneofthelargestcitiesinUSApoorfarmer’ssoncouldalsowinanimportantelection答案：C信息句为：AtthetimeoftheLosAngeleselectionthreeotherAmericancitiesalreadyhadblackmayors,butnoneofthosecitieshadaslargeapopulationasLosAngeles.←通读全文，结合常识，得出答案。Bradley’svictoryintheelectionwecanseethat______.hadequalrightsaswhitesintheUSApeople’ssituationbegantobeimprovingmuchmorethanbeforecanbesuccessfulthroughhardworkinUSnomatterwhatcolourheisiscertainthatsomedayUSwillhaveablackpresident答案：B要根据文章提供的线索或事实,推测作者未提到的事实；也可根据对文章的整体理解及个别细节的描述来推测。←要根据文章提供的线索或事实，推测作者未提到的事实；也可根据对文章的整体理解及个别细节的描述来推测。BLondon,likesomanybigcities,hastrafficproblemsthatseemtogetworseandworseeveryJonkins,aLondonbusdriver,wasaskedwhathewoulddotoimprovethesituationifhewereputinchargeofLondoniswhathesaid:“IfyouputmeinchargeofLondonTransport,I’dmakeanumberof’dforbidprivate(私人的)carstogothroughcentralLondonbetween7:006:30theownersactuallylivedinthe’dbuildalotofnewcheapcarparksneartherailwaystationsontheskirts(郊区)ofthecitysothatpeoplecouldleavetheircarsthereandtraveltoandfromworkby’dfixastandardfare(统一的车费)forallbusortube(地铁)journeysinthecentre,andI’dmakeitpossibleforpeopletobuytenoradozenticketsatonetimeatareducedthebusesandtaxiswouldbeabletomovemuchmorequicklyandeasily,andlifewouldbecomemorecomfortableforeveryone.”ofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?planisagainsttheprivatecarsbecauseitismadebyabusdriver.wouldrathertakebusesthantakethetubebecausethefareforthetubejourneysisexpensive.parksinthecityarenotenoughforthecarswhichareusedbypeopletogotoandfromwork.toandfromworkbycarmakestheLondoners’lifeverycomfortable.答案：C信息句为：IfyouputmeinchargeofLondonTransport,I’dmakeanumberof’dbuildalotofnewcheapcarparksneartherailwaystationsontheskirts(郊区)ofthecitysothatpeoplecouldleavetheircarsthereandtraveltoandfromworkbytrain.通过这两句话可知，上下班的人们没有足够可放汽车的地方。←正误判断题。根据每个选项所给出的结论在文章中找出相应的陈述内容进行比较得出答案。ofthefollowingisUNTRUEaccordingtotheplan?andtaxisareallowedtogofreelyinthecity.oftheprivatecarsareallowedtogointocentralLondoninthedaytime.forallbusortubejourneysaretobefixed.parksshouldbebuiltneartherailwaystationsontheskirtsofthecity.答案：B信息句为：I’dforbidprivate(私人的)carstogothroughcentralLondonbetween7:006:30theownersactuallylivedinthearea.←解题方法同上一题。doyouthinkwouldhappeniftheplanwascarriedout?andtubeswouldbecomemorecrowded.privatecarswouldbeseenincentralLondonblocks(交通堵塞)wouldbecomelessandless.wouldbehardforthosewhousedtogotoorfromworkincarsoftheirown.答案：C信息句为：Thenthebusesandtaxiswouldbeabletomovemuchmorequicklyandeasily.←要根据文章提供的线索或事实，推测作者未提到的事实。CManycitiesaroundtheworldtodayareheavilymethodsofproductionandlackofconsumerdemandforenvironmentfriendlyproductshavecontributedtothepollutionresultisthatmillionsoftonsofglass,paper,plastic,andmetalcontainersareproduced,andthesearedifficulttogetridof.However,today,moreandmoreconsumersarechoosing“green”anddemandingthattheproductstheybuyshouldbesafeforthetheybuyaproduct,theyaskquestionslikethese:“Willthisshampoodamagetheenvironment?”“Canthismetalcontainerbereusedorcanitonlybeusedonce?”Arecentstudyshowedthattwooutoffiveadultsnowconsidertheenvironmentalsafetyofaproductbeforetheybuymeansthatcompaniesmustnowchangethewaytheymakeandselltheirproductstomakesurethattheyare“green”,thatis,friendlytotheenvironment.Onlyafewyearsago,itwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinsupermarkets,butnowtherearehundreds.Somesupermarketproductscarrylabels(标签)toshowthattheproductiscompanieshavemadethemanufacturing(生产)ofcleanandsafeproductstheirmainsellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising.Theconcernforasaferandcleanerenvironmentismakingcompaniesrethinkhowtheydolongerwillthepublicaccepttheoldattitudeof“Buyit,useit,throwitaway,andforgetit”.Thepublicpressureisonandgraduallybusinessincleaningupitsact.becomesclearfromthetextthatthedrivingforce(动力)behindgreenproductsis______.caringfortheenvironment’desireforbiggersaleswaysofdoingbusinessgrowthofsupermarkets答案：A信息句为：However,today,moreandmoreconsumersarechoosing“green”anddemandingthattheproductstheybuyshouldbesafefortheenvironment.←推理判断题，答题方法据文章提供的线索或事实，推测作者未提到的事实。wouldbethebesttitleforthetext?andPeopleGoesGreenHabitsAreChangingandGreenProducts答案：B标题题。信息句为：Onlyafewyearsago,itwasimpossibletofindgreenproductsinsupermarkets,butnowtherearesuper-marketproductscarrylabels(标签)toshowthattheproductisgreen.←标题题。可首先选出每段的主题句，再归纳整个文章的大意，从而给出标题。underlinedword“it”inthefourthparagraphrefersto______.sellingpointcompanynamegreatdemandforhealthfoodsmanufacturingofgreenproducts答案：D猜测词义题。根据上下文的解释来断定；信息句为：Somecompanieshavemadethemanufacturing(生产)ofcleanandsafeproductstheirmainsellingpointandemphasizeitintheiradvertising。可知it代替前面made的宾语themanufaturingofcleanandsafeproducts。←猜测词义：根据上下文的解释来断定。DThePresidentoftheUnitedStateshasoneofthetoughestjobsintheanyoneelseiswatchedsocloselybysomanyfollowthePresidentrelentlessly(无同情心地),eagerforhisopiniononeverythingfromnuclearwarheadstotheoutcomeoftheSuperBowl(每年两个最好的足球队之间的比赛).ThePresidentmustbecarefulatalltimesthathisanswerstoreporters’questionsreflecthispolicies(规定和计划).Inaddition,whereverthePresidentmaygo,heneverforamomentescapestheresponsibilitiesofhiseveningnewsmayshowhimonaworkingvacation,buttheworkisalwayswithhim.ThenwhyhavesomanypeoplewantedtobePresident?OnereasonmaybethatthePresidencyisalsooneofthemostpowerfuljobsinthePresidentJohnsaid,“Alltheneedsandaspirations(强烈的愿望)ofallpartsofthecountry,alldepartmentsofgovernment,allnationsoftheworld”arefocusedonhim.WhoCanBePresident?Thejobseemstodemandapersonofoutstandingability,soyoumightthinktheUSConstitution(宪法)wouldcontainalonglistofjob,itlistsonlyⅡ,Section1oftheConstitutionstatesthatthePresidentmustanatural-borncitizenoftheUnitedStates;atleast35yearsold;beenaresidentoftheUnitedStatesfor14years.ThoughthequalificationsforVicePresidentarenotstatedintheConstitution,theyarethesameasthequalificationsforPresident,sincetheVicePresidentmighthavetoreplacethePresident.WhiletheConstitutionlistsonlythreequalificationsforthePresidency,thevoterscertainlyconsidermanytheseareintelligence,goodhealth,experienceingovernment,abilitytoleadothers,knowledgeofnationalandworldaffairs,personality,abilitytospeakwell,andpersuasiveness.WhatDoesthePresidentDo?ThePresidentistheChiefExecutiveoftheUnitedStatesandheadstheexecutivebranch(分支机构)ofthe,thePresidentmustsharepowerwithmembersoftheothertwobranchesofGovernment:thelegislativebranch,ortheCongress;andthejudicialbranch,orthefederalConstitutionstatesthepowersanddutiesofthePresidency;italsotellshoweachbranchoftheGovernmentistocheck(控制检查)thepowersoftheothertwoinordertobalancethepowersandpreventanysinglebranchfrommisusingitssystemofchecksandbalanceswasdevisedbythewritersoftheConstitutionbecausetheydidnotwantanyonepersonorbranchoftheGovernmenttogaintoomuchpower.WhatDoestheVicePresidentDo?AccordingtotheConstitution,theVicePresidencyinvolvesonlytwo,theVicePresidentpresidesovertheSenateandcancastthedecidingvoteincaseofatie(平局平手).Second,theVicePresidentmustbereadytotakeoverifthePresidentissomehowremovedfromofficeorcannotcarryoutthedutiesofthePresidency.ThislackofofficialresponsibilityhasledmanytoviewtheofficeofVicePresidentasapositionofhonorwithnoreal,somePresidentshavereliedheavilyontheadviceandsupportoftheViceVicePresidentalsofillsinforthePresidentatimportantstatefunctionsandinternationalconferencesandinmeetingforeignvisitors.ofthesestatementsistrue?PresidentpresidesovertheSenate.PresidentmustbeaUScitizenfrombirth.ConstitutiongivestheVicePresidentmanyresponsibilities.答案：B正误判断题。根据每个选项所给出的结论在文章中找出相应的陈述内容进行比较得出答案。信息句为：beanatural-borncitizenoftheUnitedStates。←正误判断题。根据每个选项所给出的结论在文章中找出相应的陈述内容进行比较得出答案。questionisNOTansweredinthepassage?thereisatieintheSenate,whocaststhedecidingvote?isanothernameforthelegislativebranchoftheUSgovernment?wastheConstitutionoftheUnitedStateswritten?答案：C细节理解题。找出细节所在段和行，顺着作者思路，找出正确答案。美国宪法写于何时，文章没有提到。←细节理解题。找出细节所在段和行，顺着作者思路，找出正确答案。caninferthat______.VicePresidentshavebeenmoreactivethanothersVicePresidentisusuallyyoungerthanthePresidentVicePresidentoftenvotesintheSenate答案：A根据对文章的整体理解及个别细节的描述来推测作者的态度及其言外之意。信息句为：First,theVicepresidentpresidesovertheSenateandcancastthedecidingvoteincaseofatie(平局，平手).Second,theVicePresidentmustbereadytotakeoverifthepresidentissomehowremovedfromofficeorcannotcarryoutthedutiesofthepresidency.和TheVicePresidentalsofillsinforthePresidentatimportantstatefunctionsandinternationalconferencesandinmeetingforeignvisitors.←根据对文章的整体理解及个别细节的描述来推测作者的态度及其言外之意。EANegroRepublicLiberia,thetinyrepubliconthewestcoastofAfrica,haslongbeenofinteresttotheUnitedispartlybecauseitwasfoundedasasovereignstatebylittlebandsoffreedslavesfromtheUnitedStatesandtheWestIndieswhosettledtherealittleoveracenturyago,andpartlybecauseofitsfast-developingrubberplantations.OnlyslightlylargerthanOhio,LiberiaisuniqueinthatitistheonlypartoftheAfricanContinentremaininginNegrohandsandunderNegronamereferstothenew-foundliberationoftheformerslaveswhocolonizeditsshores,andwhosedescendantstodayrulethelittlesome2000000primitivenativeswholiveinthetropicalinlandareas,thereareabout70000civilizedinhabitantswithastandardoflivingpatternedafterthatoftheUnitedStatesorNegroesmaybecitizensofLiberia.Althoughtiny,Liberiaisofsomemilitaryhasnogoodports,butitscapital,Monrovia(namedforPresidentMonroe),ispracticallynextdoortothegreatBritishnavalbaseatexportssome＄3000000worthofcruderubberannually.titlethatbestexpressesthemainthemeorsubjectofthisselectionis______.fromLiberiawestcoastofAfricaoftheslavesNegrorepublic答案：D文章在谈有关利比亚这一共和国的状况，而它又是由黑人组成的，所以称之为aNegrorepublic。←可首先找出每段的主题句，再归纳整个文章的大意，从而给出标题。wassettled______.theUnitedStatesyearsagothanonehundredyearsagoeightyyearsago答案：C信息句为：ThisispartlybecauseitwasfoundedasasovereignstatebylittlebandsoffreedslavesfromtheUnitedStatesandtheWestIndieswhosettledtherealittleoveracenturyago.←细节理解题。找出细节所在段和行，顺着作者思路，找出正确答案。name“Liberia”waschosenbecause______.describedthesmallsizeofthecountryfoundershadrecentlybeenfreedfromslaveryUnitedStateswasinterestedinitwasanimportantcrop答案：B